US2343897A - Apparatus for purifying steam - Google Patents

Description

March 14 1944-. gsc I 2,3413%? APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING STEAM v Filed Aug. 31, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet l ga z M INVENTOR I Near/N fie/5c BY ATTORNEY March 3141, 1944. M FRISCH APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING STEAM.

Filed Aug. 51, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR NeeT/A/ fk/SCH ATTORNEY March 114, 1944,

M. FRISCH APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING STEAM Filed Aug. 51, 1940 4 Shee'ts-Sheet f5 lNViZNTOR M U m M ATTORNEY March 14, 11944. M FRISCH 2,343,897

APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING STEAM Filed Aug. 31, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4' Patented Mar. 14, 1944 2,343,897 APPARATUS FOR PURIFYING STEAM Martin Frisch, New York, N. Y., as'signor to Foster Wheeler Corporation, New York, N. Y a corporation of New York Application August 31, 1940; Serial No. 354,932

6 Claims.

This invention relates to steam generators and more particularly pertains to the purification of steam.

The invention provides novel apparatus for the washing and drying of steam in a steam drum of a steam generator whereby the steam will be purified before being superheated or conducted to the point of use.

One advantage of the invention is that the flow of steam and water through the washing apparatus is in the same general direction at very low velocities which results in an improved washing action. In the more conventional horizontal type of bubble tray steam washers, the steam and fresh feed water flow at right angles to each other, and the velocities are necessarily high because approximatelybut one-third of the tray area is available for steam flow into and out of the washer. With the present invention, practically the entire washer area is available for steam flow, thus making low steam velocities possible. Another advantage of the invention is the accessibility of the apparatus for inspection and cleaning, the arrangement being such that free access through doors provided for the purpose may be had to the interior of the drum and to the washing elements withwt the need of dismantling any portion of the apparatus.

The invention will be understood from the following description considered in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view, taken on line ll of Fig. 2, of a steam drum of a steam generator having one form of apparatus embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal view of the invention partly in elevation and partly in section on line 22 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal longitudinal view partly in elevation and partly in section on line 3--3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged transverse vertical sectional view of part of the apparatus;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal longitudinal sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4, and

Fig. 6 is a view in perspective illustrating details of the apparatus.

Like characters of reference refer to the same parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, reference character in designates a steam drum of a steam generator to .which is connected a group of steam circulating tubes l I, a group of downcomer tubes [2, and one or more steam outlet nozzles or connections I3. A main feed water pipe l4 extends longitudinally through the lower portion of the drum and is secured by U bolts l5 to supporting brackets 16 as shown in Figs. 1 to 3 of the drawings. The pipe it is provided with flanged nozzle connections l1, l8 and I9, 20 respectively, at points adjacent the opposite ends of the drum. Also extending longitudinally through the drum is a chemical feed pipe 2| which in operation discharges through a plurality of small orifices 22 into a drain trough.23, which is disposed in the lower central portion of the drum, and is supported by upright brackets 24. Connected to the nozzles l1, l8 and I9, 20 are vertically extending manifold pipes 25, 26, 21 and 28 respectively, which are disposed adjacent opposite sides of th drum. These manifold pipes are closed at their upper ends by caps 29 and are arranged to distribute fresh feed water to four groups of vertically spaced horizontal feed tubes 30, 3|, 32 and 33 which extend longitudinally of the drum from the manifold pipes, to which theyare respectively connected, to a point midway between the drum wall, are groups of vertically arranged spaced channel members 35 and 36 respectively, which are secured adjacent their lower ends to support members 31 by bolts 38. The members 31 rest upon short transverse plates 39 which are welded to the wall of the drum (Fig. 4) and are secured to the adjacent channel members by rivets 44. At their upper ends, the channels 35 and 36 are secured respectively to longitudinally extending supporting end plates 4| and 42 which are welded to the drum wall. The channels 35 and 36 are curved to conform with the contour of the inner cylindrical surface of the drum, and

they are spaced a short distance therefrom as shown in Fig. 3. The group of channels at the left of the drum as seen in Fig. l, is somewhat longer than the group of channels at the right. Certain of the channel members are provided with a plurality of spaced bosses 43, which are drilled and tapped to receive the threaded ends of washer assembly supporting bolts 45. These boltsand the bosses support oppositely disposed banks of longitudinally extending trays or reservoirs 46 and baflles 47 in operating relationship with the channel members and the groups of feed tubes 30, 3|, 32 and 33.

The trays 46 have upwardly extending sides or weirs 48 and 49. The baffles 41 are inverted channels as shown, and are disposed in spaced relationship to the trays below with one leg 50 between the sides of the trays 66 with the lower edge below the upper edge of the tray sides and with the other leg 5| shorter than the leg 50 and disposed beyond the tray side 49. The tubes 30,,

3|, 32 and 33 are disposed adjacent the inner face of the side 48 of the trays 4B and are welded at spaced intervals to the upper part of the side u. The bolts 4: extend through openings in both legs of the baflies 41. The trays 46 are supl rted bythe bolts through supllorting lu s 52 which are welded to the outer face of side 46 of the trays 46, and lugs 53 which are welded to the sides of the feed tubes at their lower ends and have spacing sleeves 54 welded to their upper ends, the length of these sleeves being such that the legs 66 of the baiiles 4'! are disposed in the desired positions intermediate the feed tubes andthe sides 46 of the trays. A spacing sleeve 55 extends between the legs 50 and ii of the bailles 41, and this sleeve passes through openings in the lugs 52 which are welded to the tray sides 49. with this arrangement, the bolts 45 support the entire washer assembly on the channel members 35.

Below the lowermost trays 46 of each group of trays and adjacent the lower. ends of the channel members 35 and 36 on both sides of the drum iii. are horizontallongitudinally extending plates 56 which are supported by brackets 51 secured to the transverse plates 39. These plates extend from a point adjacent the channel members to a point beyond the trays 46 as shown in Fig. 4. Spanning the space between the plates 56, is a floor or substantially horizontal partition comprising plates 56, 60 and 6|, which extend longitudinally of the drum for the length of the washer assembly. These floor plates 55, 66 and 6i are supported by a plurality of spaced transverse J members 62 which-are secured at their ends to the plates 39 Fig. 3), and brackets 63, 64 and 65 which are secured to'the members 62. As shown;

the plates 55 and 6| are inclined toward the center of the floor to cause the feed water and condensate to flow toward the center of the floor. Spaced along the longitudinal center line of the drum, are a plurality of drain pipes 66 which lead from the-center of the floor to the trough 23 in the lower portion of the drum.

In the form shown, steam drying means are disposed in the path of the steam after it flows from the washing means. Any suitable means may be employed for drying the steam, but preferably a plurality of closely spaced plates are employed which are shaped or spaced or both, to cause the steam to change its direction of flow more or less abruptly to eliminate entrained moisture therefrom. The drying means shown comprises a row of spaced, intermeshing acute angled plates 61 (Figs. 1 and 3) which are supported by the floor plates 60 and are secured at their upper ends to vertically inclined plates 66 which are attached to brackets 69. The bracket 69 for the left hand group of dryer plates 61 (Fig. 1) is secured by bolts 10 to a fixed supporting bracket H adjacent the upp r ends of the channel members 35, while the brackets 69 for the right hand group of dryer plates 61 is secured by bolts I2 to a fixed bracket I3 adjacent the upper ends of the channel members '36. Perforated plates 14 extend between and are secured to the brackets H and I3. These plates are inclined to the horizontal toward the center of'the drum. The

washing and drying apparatus is separated from the ends and lower portion of the drum by end pla es 15 which are suitably secured to the drum and to the floor thereby providing a compartment in the drum for the washing and drying are disposed opposite the ends of the circulator tubes, and the mixture of steam and water issuing from these tubes impin es up n t e c annel walls, whereby a substantial portion of the entrained Water will be removed from the steam. and willdrain down the walls of the channels to the body of circulating water in the lower portion of the drum, it being understood that the channel members are not closed at their lower ends as they are at their upper ends. The steam which has thus been freed of entrained boiler water by the channels flows through the spaces between the sides of adjacent channels, and enters the tray assembly through the spaces between adjacent upper and lower trays as indicated by the flow arrows in Fig. 6. Fresh feed water which is discharged continuously through the orifices 34in the feed tubes, fills each tray 46 and flows over the top of the tray side 46 and collects on the floor, whence it is conducted by the drain pipes 66 to the drain trough 23 adjacent the bottom of the drum. The water flows across the trays from the feed pipes to the sides 49. The steam flows across the trays with the water thereon, but is forced under the surface of the body of flowing water on each tray by the leg of the baille 41, the lower end of which is submerged in the water on the tray. The steam flowing at a relatively low velocity is thus brought into intimate contact with fresh feed water flowing in the same direction, and any entrained boiler water or-moisture of an undesirably high solid concentration will be removed from the steam and replaced by the fresh feed water of a low solid concentration.

That portion of the steam which is released in the drum and does not directly "enter the washing trays adjacent the channels 35 will flow be th sameas previously described. The washed steam from the washing trays will flow through the restricted lanes between the plates of the drying apparatus 67, and in its passage therethrough entrained moisture willbe removed both by impingement against walls of the angle members, and by centrifugal force resulting .-from the abrupt changes in direction of flow the steam is required to make. The water thus removed from the steam will drain down the walls of the plates 61 and will collect on the floor and will flow into the drains 66. The steam which is now in a relatively dry condition collects in the steam space between the drying means and thereafter flows through the perforated distributing plates I4; The passage of the steam through a multiplicity of small perforations in the plates 14 has a final drying eifect on the steam before it leaves the drum throughthe steam outlets l3. The perforations also cause the steam to flow evenly across and out of the washer and the drying means.

With this arrangemenh'it will be perceived that the steam is washed by causing it to flow through a body of fresh feed water which flows in the samegeneral direction as the flow of steam and that practically the entire washer area is available for steam flow, whereby the relative velocity of steam and water flow is very low which provides a longer time of contact between the steam and water, resulting in improved washing action.

If desired, steam or a mixture of steam and water may be introduced into the drum opposite the channel members 36, similarly to the manner it is introduced through the tubes Ii opposite the channels 35. Additionally, the drying means may be omitted if desired, or any other type or kind of drying means may be utilized. Other changes may be made in the form, location and relative arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus disclosed, without departing from the principles of the invention, which is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: 1. Apparatus for washing steam. comprising enclosing means, a tray disposed in said enclosing means, a supply pipe in the tray at one side thereof and fixed thereto, means for supplying water to said pipe, the pipe having apertures therein through which water flows therefrom and through the tray, supporting lugs secured to the pipe, an inverted -U-shaped baflle above the tray and in spaced relationship thereto and having a leg extending into the water in the tray, supporting lugs secured to the opposite side of the tray,

' means for supplying steam to the tray at the spaced relationship thereto and having one leg extending into the water in the tray intermediate the pipe and the opposite side thereof andthe other leg disposed beyond the opposite side of the tray, lugs on the opposite side of the tray, spacing means between the legs of the baflie, threaded means extending through the legs of the baiiie, said lugs and spacing sleeve for supporting the tray and the baiiie, and means for supplying steam to the tray at the supply pipe side thereof.

3. Apparatus for washing steam comprising means forming an enclosure, means for delivering steam to a portion of the interior of the enclosure, a plurality of superposed trays disposed in spaced relationship and positioned to receive steam at one side portion thereof from said portion of the enclosure, means for continuously delivering water ,to said one side portion of the trays for flow thereover to the other side portion thereof, the bottom of a tray forming the top of a steam passage between the tray and means forming an enclosure, spaced, substantially vertically disposed channel members having the channel portion thereof opening into a portion of the interior of the enclosure, means for delivering steam into the channel portion of said channel members for impingement therewith and thence into said portion of the enclosure, a plurality pr superposed trays disposed in spaced relationship and positioned to receive steam at one side-portion thereof from said portion of the enclosure, means for continuously delivering water to said one side portion of the tray for flow thereover to the other side thereof, and means disposed above the tray in spaced relationship thereto to provide a steam passa e above the tray in communication with said portion of the enclosure and having a baiiie member extending downwardly therefrom into the water on the tray to cause the steam to flow from said passage into and through the water on the tray below and beyond said member and in substantially the same direction with the water toward the other side of the tray.

5. Apparatus for washing steam comprising means forming an enclosure, spaced, substantially vertically disposed channel members hav ing the channel portion thereof opening into a portion of the interior of the enclosure, means for delivering steam into the channel portion of said channel members for impingement therewith and thence into said portion of the enclosure, a plurality of superposed elongated trays disposed in spaced relationship and mounted on said channel members, the trays being positioned to receive steam from said portion of the enclosure, means for continuously delivering water to said one side portion of the tray for flow thereover to the other side thereof, and means disposed above the tray in spaced relationship thereto to provide a steam passage above the tray in communication with said portion of the enclosure and having a baflie member extending downwardly therefrom into the water on the tray to cause the steam to flow from said passage into and through the water on the tray below and beyond said member in substantially the same direction with the water toward the other the tray immediately below, which passage is in co unication with said portion of the interio of the enclosure, and a baiile member extending downwardly from the bottom of a tray into the water. in the tray below to cause the side of the tray.

6. Apparatus for washing steam comprising means forming an enclosure, means for deliver- 1m; steam to a portion of the interior of the enclosure, a plurality of superposed trays disposed in spaced relationship and positioned to receive steam at one side portion thereof from said portion of the enclosure, means for continuously delivering water to said one side portion of the trays for flow thereover to the other side portion thereof, the bottom of a tray forming the top of a steam passage between the tray and the tray immediately below, which passage is in communication with said portion of the interior of the enclosure, and a U-shaped baiile mounted on the bottom of a tray, one leg of the baiiie extending into the water on the tray below to cause the steam to flow from said passage into the water on the tray and in substan-' tially the same direction therewith toward the other side of the tray. the other leg of the baiiie extending downwardly outside the tray below and adjacent said other side of the tray.

1 MARTIN FRIBCH.

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