US2336365A - Textile printing process - Google Patents

Description

* Solutions or emulsions of polyamides such Patented as. Z 1943 assess UNITED STATES PATENT orrlce TEXTHE PRINTING PROCESS Charles Franklin Miller, Wilmington, DeL, assignor to E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Wilmington, DeL, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application February is, 1941,

1 Serial No. 379,465

8 Claims. (01. 8-18) 'as the selected sizing or finishing agent can be applied before printing instead of after print- 7 ing as in prior art practice. Y

Most alkaline types of printing pastes when printed on cotton goods tend to diffuse more or less readily through the fibers immediately ad-,

jacent to the'printed portion of the goods and impart a somewhat uneven appearance to the printed design, which is particularly troublesome when small or fine designs are to be printed and leads to the production of much second-grade goods with consequent financial losses. I have discovered that if the cloth is padded before' printing with substances which block this capillary diffusion, the sharpness of register wlth alkaline type printing pastes, such as vat color printing pastes or the stabilized azoic color printing pastes, is greatly improved. Most substances which have this property of preventing capillary diffusion are resinous in nature and many of them are now used as sizing and finishing agents. Some of them are classed as permanent or substantive sizing or finishing agents; that is, they are not removed from the fabric by repeated laundering. Consequently if those agents which are permanent or substantive in nature are used in my process, no additional expense to the textile manufacturer is necessary as the sizing or finishing agent is merely applied to the goods before printing rather than after theprinting operation, as has been the prevailing practice prior to the present invention.

I have. found the following substances to be particularly applicable in my process as they give not only the desired increase in sharpness of register of the'printed design but remain in or on the fabric to give the desired sized or finished condition:

Solutions or emulsions of alkyl acrylate ormethacrylate polymers; 1

Alkali soluble alkyl celluloses such as those described in UJS; Patents 2,036,257 and'2,046,1'l4;

' Deacetylated chitin; Solutions or emulsions of rubber or chlor-ruh- .bers: I

Polyvinyl alcohols;

Solutions or emulsions. of co-polymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate;

those described in U. 5. Patents 2,130,947 and The following examples illustrate but in no no wise limit the invention.

Example 1 Cotton piece goods are padded in a 2% emul-.

sion of n-b'utyl methacrylate polymer, air dried, baked 1 hour at 120 C. in a tenter or similar hot air dryingapparatus and printed with a vat color printing paste containing 20% of a color paste of the vat dyestuif, dimetho'xy-dibenzamthrone (Colour Index No. 1101), 12% of potassium carbonate, 12% of sodium sulfoxylate-formaldehyde, 5% of glycerine and sufiicient of a thickening agent, such as starches or gums, to

give a printable consistencyto the paste; dried, aged 5 minutes in a vat color ager of the Mather- Platt type, oxidized for 45 seconds in a bath containing of sodium ,bichromate and 3 7};

of acetic acid, rinsed, soaped 10 minutes at 180- 200 F. in a soap solution, rinsed and dried, giving abrilliant green design on as wlnte ground which is much sharper in outlinethan a similar print on unpadded material, In addition to the increased sharpness of printed detail, this fabric has the usualdes'irable handle obtained by treating goods after the printing process has been completed with n-butyl methacrylate emulsions.

Example 2 v Cotton piece goods are padded with a 1% solution of methyl cellulose, air dried and printed with a 4% printing paste of the d'yestufl containing equal molecular parts of the soluble diazoimino compound formed by reacting diazotized 4-chloro-2-amino-toluene with piperidinealpha-carboxylic acid and the ortno-toluidide of 2:3-hydroxy-naphthoic acid,- suitably dissolved in a solvent and caustic alkali and thickened with starch and gum tragacanth; The printed goods are dried, then aged for 3-5 minutes in an acetic acid a'ger, rinsed, soaped and finished as usual, giving a more sharply d: fined red pattern than is obtained by a similar print on unpadded J material.-

The padding substances mentioned in the above examples may be replaced by solutions or emulsions of the following resinous agents with the attainment of increased sharpness of printed design and permanent sizing or finishing action on the fabric.

. Emulsion of iso-butyl methacrylate polymer.

Emulsion of n-hexyl acrylate polymer. Alkali soluble alkyl celluloses described in" U. S.

Patents 2,036,257 and 2,046,174. Solutions or emulsions of deacetylated chitin.

Solutions or emulsions of rubber, chlorinated I Solutions oremulsions of the polyamides described in U. S. Patents 2,130,947 and 2,130,948. Resort may be had to such modifications and equivalents as fall within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A process of printing a cotton fabric to obtain sharply registered colored designs thereupon which comprises applying to said fabric a permanent finishing and sizing agent selected from the group consisting of alkyl acrylate polymers, alkyl methacrylate polymers, alkali soluble alkyl celluloses, deacetylated chitin, rubber, chlor-rubbers, polyvinyl alcohols, co-polymers of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate, and polyamides, and then printing upon the said finished and sized fabric with an alkaline type of printing paste.

2. A process as defined in claim 1 in which the permanent finishing and sizing agent is an alkyl methacrylate polymer.

3. A process as defined in claim 1 in which the permanent finishing and sizing agent is an alkali soluble alkyl cellulose.

4. A process as defined in claim 1 in which the alkaline type of printing paste is one selected from the group consisting of vat color printing pastes and stabilized azoric color printing pastes.

5. A process of printing a cotton fabric to obtain sharply registered colored designs thereupon fabric with an alkaline type of printing paste.

'7. A process of printing a cotton fabric to obtain sharply registered colored designs thereupon which comprises finishing and sizing said fabric with an unsubstituted alkyl methacrylate polymer and thenprinting .upon the finished and sized fabric with a vat color printing paste.

8. A process of printing a cotton fabric to obtain sharply registered colored designs thereupon which comprises finishing and sizing said fabric with an unsubstituted. alkyl methacrylate polymer and then printing upon the finished and sized fabric with a stabilized azoic color printing paste.

CHARLES FRANKLIN MILLER.