US2333766A - Photography - Google Patents
Photography Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2333766A US2333766A US420370A US42037041A US2333766A US 2333766 A US2333766 A US 2333766A US 420370 A US420370 A US 420370A US 42037041 A US42037041 A US 42037041A US 2333766 A US2333766 A US 2333766A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- triamino
- graininess
- developing
- symmetrical
- photographic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- RUOKPLVTMFHRJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2,3-triamine Chemical class NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1N RUOKPLVTMFHRJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YYDRNPOEMZZTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=C(N)C=C1N YYDRNPOEMZZTPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- HLWRLTVDZCTPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triaminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=C(C(O)=O)C(N)=C1 HLWRLTVDZCTPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminophenol Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PLIKAWJENQZMHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RPHKINMPYFJSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-triamine Chemical compound NC1=CC(N)=CC(N)=C1 RPHKINMPYFJSCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- MEGDIQXLXPPWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanetriamine Chemical compound NC(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 MEGDIQXLXPPWGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium metaborate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]B=O NVIFVTYDZMXWGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEBKRMQXZSYKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4-triaminobenzoic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(N)=C1N PEBKRMQXZSYKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycinamide Chemical compound NCC(N)=O BEBCJVAWIBVWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved photographic compositions, and, in particular, improved photographic developers giving reduced graininess by development.
- Our invention has for its object to provide improved agents for reducing graininess; another object is to provide a photographic composition and, in particular, a photographic developer whereby the foregoing difliculties can be largely avoided. Another object is to provide an improved fine grain photographic developer. Other objects will become apparent from the following description and claims.
- our invention includes a photographic agent for reducing graininess which contains as an essential constituent a member of the family of symmetrical triamino benzenes.
- suitable substances reducing graininess and being within the scope of our invention are symmetrical triamino benzene, its homologues, derivatives and their salts, including those derivatives which are attached to the nitrogen atoms as well as the benzene ring. These derivatives may contain one or several substituent groupings. Examples of substituents are halides, methyl, ethyl, and carboxylic groups. Specific examples of such substances are 1,3,5-triamino benzene: 2,4,6-triamino toluene; 2,4,6-triamino benzoic acid and 2,4,6-triamino chlcrbenzene and their salts, such as the hydrochloride, sulfate, etc. The first three specific substances are the most active of those mentioned. It is to be understood that the expression a symmetrical triamino benzene as used in the claims shall apply to all such substances.
- these agents we prefer to add them to the developing substances which are to be used for the development of silver halide emulsions to produce reduced graininess. They may merely be added to the developing solution or they may be incorporated with the developer when it is packaged in concentrated or like form.
- These agents are particularly effective with Elon or other developers of low or moderate activity, but they may be used with other developing agents such as paraphenylenediamine or its derivatives to give further reduction in graininess, or with combinations including two or more developing agents. They may also be used in combination with alkali bromides or other graininess-reducing agents.
- the most useful concentrations range from about 1 to about 10 grams per liter, although greater or lesser Example 1 Mcnomethyl p-aminophenol, sulfate ams" 2.0 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) do 100.0 Hydroquinone do 5.0 Borax do 2.0 2,4,6-triamino toluene, trihydrochloride....
- This solution was used to develop Super-XX roll film, and was compared with a solution of the same composition in which the triamino benzene was omitted, called hereafter the"basic developer.
- the developer containing the triamino benzene required about 40 per cent more development time than the basic developer but reduced the graininess very considerably and reduced the fog from 0.06 to 0.02. This decrease in graininess was accompanied by a loss of 50 per cent in emulsion speed.
- the substances described herein have the advantage that they effect a greater reduction in grain size than other agents heretofore used for this purpose; also, they canbe used in smaller amounts than previously known agents; they.
- non-volatile are also non-volatile and can be used both as salts or as the base in' the developer if desired.
- a particular advantage is that they have relatively low fogging action.
- a photographic developer adapted to reduce graininess containing as an essential constituent a symmetrical triamino benzene in addition to a, developing agent.
- a photographic developing composition containing a. developing agent of relatively low activity and a symmetrical triamino benzene.
- a fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and a member of the group consisting of 2,4,6-triamino benzene; 2,4,6- triamino toluene; 2,4,6-triamino benzoic acid and 2,4,6-triamlno chlorbenzene.
- a fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and symmetrical triamino benzene.
- a fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and symmetrical triamino toluene.
Description
Patented Nov. 9, 1943 PHOTOGRAPHY John I. Crabtree and Richard W. Henn, Rochester, N. Y., assignors to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application November 25, 1941,
Serial No. 420,370
6 Claims.
This invention relates to improved photographic compositions, and, in particular, improved photographic developers giving reduced graininess by development.
It is necessary or desirable for many purposes to obtain photographic films, plates, and the like, having an image which has small or fine grain structure; for instance, when films are projected or enlarged low graininess is advantageous. Certain developers are known to give a reduction in graininess but they have one or more disadvantages, such as increasing fog or volatilization of the grain reducing agent during use. Also, many grain reducing agents heretofore used have required high concentrations.
Our invention has for its object to provide improved agents for reducing graininess; another object is to provide a photographic composition and, in particular, a photographic developer whereby the foregoing difliculties can be largely avoided. Another object is to provide an improved fine grain photographic developer. Other objects will become apparent from the following description and claims.
These and other objects are accomplished by our invention which includes a photographic agent for reducing graininess which contains as an essential constituent a member of the family of symmetrical triamino benzenes.
In the following description we have given several of the preferred embodiments of our invention, but it is to be understood that these are set forth for the purpose of illustration and not in limitation thereof.
Examples of suitable substances reducing graininess and being within the scope of our invention are symmetrical triamino benzene, its homologues, derivatives and their salts, including those derivatives which are attached to the nitrogen atoms as well as the benzene ring. These derivatives may contain one or several substituent groupings. Examples of substituents are halides, methyl, ethyl, and carboxylic groups. Specific examples of such substances are 1,3,5-triamino benzene: 2,4,6-triamino toluene; 2,4,6-triamino benzoic acid and 2,4,6-triamino chlcrbenzene and their salts, such as the hydrochloride, sulfate, etc. The first three specific substances are the most active of those mentioned. It is to be understood that the expression a symmetrical triamino benzene as used in the claims shall apply to all such substances.
In utilizing these agents we prefer to add them to the developing substances which are to be used for the development of silver halide emulsions to produce reduced graininess. They may merely be added to the developing solution or they may be incorporated with the developer when it is packaged in concentrated or like form.
These agents are particularly effective with Elon or other developers of low or moderate activity, but they may be used with other developing agents such as paraphenylenediamine or its derivatives to give further reduction in graininess, or with combinations including two or more developing agents. They may also be used in combination with alkali bromides or other graininess-reducing agents. The most useful concentrations range from about 1 to about 10 grams per liter, although greater or lesser Example 1 Mcnomethyl p-aminophenol, sulfate ams" 2.0 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) do 100.0 Hydroquinone do 5.0 Borax do 2.0 2,4,6-triamino toluene, trihydrochloride....
' o--- 5.0 Water to liter 1.0
Dissolve in order given in water at about 125 F. This solution'requires about 18 minutes developing time at F., and gives low graininess. Increasing the concentration of the triamino toluene to 10 grams per liter effects a further decrease in graininess.
Example 2 Symmetrical triamino benzene trihydrochloride grams 5 Monomethyl p. amlnophenol, su1fate do- 5 Sodium sulfite (anhydrous) do Sodium metaborate do 2 Water t er..- 1.0
This solution was used to develop Super-XX roll film, and was compared with a solution of the same composition in which the triamino benzene was omitted, called hereafter the"basic developer. The developer containing the triamino benzene required about 40 per cent more development time than the basic developer but reduced the graininess very considerably and reduced the fog from 0.06 to 0.02. This decrease in graininess was accompanied by a loss of 50 per cent in emulsion speed.
Example 3 Symmetrical triamino benzene trihydrochloride grams 1.0 N (ethyl, 3-methyl-4-aminophenyl) glycineamide do 5.0 Sodium sulfite do 100.0 Sodium metaborate do 20.0 Water to liter 1.0
This solution, developing Super-XX roll film in about 20 minutes at 68 F. (with high agitation), gave a low degree of graininess and satisfactorily low fog. When the concentration of triamino benzene (trihydrochloride) was increased to 5 grams per liter the graininess was reduced to an extremely low level with only a slight increase in developing time.
The substances described herein have the advantage that they effect a greater reduction in grain size than other agents heretofore used for this purpose; also, they canbe used in smaller amounts than previously known agents; they.
are also non-volatile and can be used both as salts or as the base in' the developer if desired.
A particular advantage is that they have relatively low fogging action.
What we claim is:
1. A photographic developer adapted to reduce graininess containing as an essential constituent a symmetrical triamino benzene in addition to a, developing agent.
2. A photographic developing composition containing a. developing agent of relatively low activity and a symmetrical triamino benzene.
3. A fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and a member of the group consisting of 2,4,6-triamino benzene; 2,4,6- triamino toluene; 2,4,6-triamino benzoic acid and 2,4,6-triamlno chlorbenzene.
4. A fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and symmetrical triamino benzene.
5. A fine-grain photographic developer comprising a developing agent and symmetrical triamino toluene.
6. A fine-grain photographic developer com-" prising a developing agent and symmetrical triamino benzoic acid.
JOHN I. CRABTREE. RICHARD W. HENN.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US420370A US2333766A (en) | 1941-11-25 | 1941-11-25 | Photography |
| FR953812D FR953812A (en) | 1941-11-25 | 1947-08-04 | Advanced photographic products |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US420370A US2333766A (en) | 1941-11-25 | 1941-11-25 | Photography |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2333766A true US2333766A (en) | 1943-11-09 |
Family
ID=23666188
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US420370A Expired - Lifetime US2333766A (en) | 1941-11-25 | 1941-11-25 | Photography |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2333766A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR953812A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2418629A (en) * | 1944-01-13 | 1947-04-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogen derivatives as antifoggants |
| US2466423A (en) * | 1945-05-11 | 1949-04-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fine-grain developers |
| US2782120A (en) * | 1954-02-15 | 1957-02-19 | Goldhammer Jerome Stewart | Combined developer and fixer |
-
1941
- 1941-11-25 US US420370A patent/US2333766A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1947
- 1947-08-04 FR FR953812D patent/FR953812A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2418629A (en) * | 1944-01-13 | 1947-04-08 | Eastman Kodak Co | Aromatic hydrocarbons and their halogen derivatives as antifoggants |
| US2466423A (en) * | 1945-05-11 | 1949-04-05 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fine-grain developers |
| US2782120A (en) * | 1954-02-15 | 1957-02-19 | Goldhammer Jerome Stewart | Combined developer and fixer |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR953812A (en) | 1949-12-14 |
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