US2333314A

US2333314A - Tape for slide fasteners

Info

Publication number: US2333314A
Application number: US415899A
Authority: US
Inventors: Lester L Jones
Original assignee: Conmar Products Corp
Current assignee: Conmar Products Corp
Priority date: 1941-10-21
Filing date: 1941-10-21
Publication date: 1943-11-02
Anticipated expiration: 1960-11-02

Description

Nov. 2, 1943. ON S 2,333,314

TAPE FOR SLIDE FASTENERS Filed Oct. 21, 1941 INVENTO LESTER L. NES

ATTORNEYS Patented Nov. 2, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT- oFncs TAPE'FQR SLIDEFASTENEBS Lester L. Jones, Oradell, N. 1., assignor to Conmar Products Corporation, Newark, N. 1., a corporation of New Jersey Application mm 21, 1941, Serial No. 415,899

' 18 Claims. 01. 139-384) justing the tension so that the tape will remain straight, or will have a slight concavity at the beaded edge. The sewing operation is commonly performed by the slide fastener manufacturer, and this makes it necessary to purchase cords and sewing machine thread of exactly the same color as the tape, the latter being dyed by the tape manufacturer. This color problem is serious because of the large number of differently colored tapes required for the garment industry.

The primary object of the present invention is to generally improve tapes for slide fasteners, and a more specific object is to provide an integrally woven tape, that is, a tape having a satisfactory bead formed as a part of the operation of weaving the tape, and prior to the dyeing operation. I g

A number of proposals have heretofore been made for integrally weaving a head on 'a tape. These tapes havefor the most part used a woven sleeve enclosing a cord or stumng to form the bead. Such a tape has not proved satisfactory, as it does not provide as good a hold for the elements as a tape with two cords, andis relatively stifl.

Even with two cords held in position by the regular weft threads of the tape, there is the disadvantage of exposing the weft threads to abrasion by the Jaws of the fastener elements, and in some cases even to abrasion by the slider.

Wear or tearing of the weft threads releases the I provide a beaded edge which is relatively soft and well adapted to accommodate andto conform to the interior of the jaws of the fastener elements; to provide a tape having an integrally woven beaded edge which is stronger under destruction tests, than conventional sewed cords;

to provide a tape which will be more uniformly gripped by the successive fastener elements; and finally, to provide a tape the cords of which are readily separable from the tape at one end The specification is accompanied by a drawing a when makinga fully separable slide fastener.

To accomplish the foregoing and such'other objects as will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the beaded tapeelements and their relation one to the other, as hereinafter are a more particularly described in the specification and sought to be defined in the following claims.

in which:

Fig. l is a section through the beaded edge of a tape', taken between fastener elements, prior v to clamping of the jaws of the fastener element;

Fig. 2 is a similar view showing the relation of the parts after the Jaws of the fastener element have been closed;

Fig. 3 is an elevation looking at the-beaded edge of the tape;

Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view taken approximately in the plane of the line 4-4 of Fig. 3;

Fig; 5 is a schematic sectional view taken approximately in the plane of the line 5-5 of 1"18. 3;

cords separated to show the; construction or weave of the tape;

Fig. 9 is explanatory of a modified. construe? tion; and

Fig. 10 shows the direction of preferred curva-' ture of the tape.

Referring to the drawing, and more specifically to Figs. 1 and 2, the principle underlying the present invention may be explained by bringing out the fact that the beaded edge of my invention employs not only buffer cords II at each side of. the tape, but also an anchor cord I! which is disposed at the very edge of the tape and is securely woven therein by the weft threads M. The buffer cords it are located adjacent to the anchor cord II. The plane through the axes of the bufler cords should pass on the tape side of the that 'of the buffer cords.

to hold the tape web against escape after the axis of the anchor cord, the latter being a part of the tapeweb and its principalfunction being slidefastener elements have been clamped in position. The closing of the fastener element jaws I 6 from the open position shown in Fig. 1 to the closed position shown in Fig. 2, compresses the buffer cords It] so that they conform to'the inside of the Jaws IS. The buffer cords hold the or the tape web of which it is apart is securely.

held against escape. The use of three cords to build up the desired bulk incidentally but importantly results in a relatively flexible beaded edge. The anchor cord, while substantially larger in diameter than the regular warpthreads I8 of the tape, is preferably smaller than the buffer cords- In. It 'is also harder than the buffer cords, as for example, by using a cord of greater twist than 4 The buffer cords are relativelylarger in diameter, and are relatively .soft, as for example, by using cords with onlya moderate amount of twist. The buffer cords are preferably twisted in opposite directions, as shown in Fig. 3, in order to avoid or minimize any tendency of the finished slide fastener to twist. I

The means to hold the buffer cords on the tape may vary. In Figs. 3, 4 and I show a preferred construction in which the buffer cords 20 are held by spaced weft threads 22. The remainder and by far the greater number of weft threads 24 pass around the anchor cord 26, as is clearly shown in-Fig. 4, but do not pass around the buffer cords 20. However, at intervals one of the weft threads passes around the buffer cords 20, as

is shown in Fig. 5, but does not pass around the anchor cord 26.

" threads, these being indicated at 30. The buffer In the specific case here illustrated, every fourth weft thread is employed to hold the buffer cords, while three out of four weft threads are employed to hold the anchorcord. The number of threads used to hold the bufle'r cords may be due to the exposure of a greater number of weft threads to abrasion and wear, and a reduction in the number protected against wear; If a lesser number of threads is usedto hold the buffer cords,

as for example, if .one thread in five is usedfor that purpose, the buffer cords tend to become too .loose on the tape, from the viewpoint of easy handling, as for example, when pulling the tape through the closely fitting die of the attaching machine which clamps the elements on the tape. The cords may creep' (hold back) or rollrelative to the tape body. Of course, the quantitative ratio may varywith the closeness of the particular weave urider consideration and the strength and tension of the weft threads used, etc., and I may therefore point out in a general way that the 3 optimum number of weft threads to be used for holding the butter cords in position should-be relatively small, on the one hand, in order to minimize the exposure of weft threads to abrasion, and on the other hand, should not be so small as to create an inconvenient looseness of the buffer cords making the same difficult or inconvenient to handle during attachment of the fastener elements. i

In Figs. 6, 7 and '8, Ishow a modification of the invention in which the buffer cords are disposed outside of all of the weft threads, or in other words, in which all of the weft threads pass around the anchor cord alone, and none pass around the buffer cords. To hold the buffer cords in position,- prior'to clamping of the elements on the tape, several of the warp threads are given a leno weave, that is, they are passed through .a

heddle which is arranged for sideward movement inorder to transpose the thread at intervals, as will be understood by those skilled in the weaving art. Thus, referring to Figs. 6 and 7, the anchor cord 28 is held by all of the

regular weft cords

32 and 34 are held by leno woven threads .36 and 38, respectively. This construction Willibe clearer from inspection of Fig. 8, which islllike Fig. 6 except that the parts have been spaced 'to expose the weave employed, that is, the buffer cords32 and 34 have been pulled away from the tape .and the anchor cord 28. This exposes the course of thread 36, which is a warp thread lo-' cated at the right-hand side of the tape, but passing through the tape to the left and around the buffer cord 32 at intervals, which in this case are spaced by four weft threads. Similarly, the leno thread 38 is located at the left-hand'side of the tape, but passes to the right through the tape at intervals to formloops around the buffer cord 34. It will be understood that the

lenowoven threads

36 and 38 are disposed in back of the anchor cord, and that when these threads are pulled taut the

buifer oords

32 and 34 will be drawn in against the sides of the tape immediately at the anchor cord. The buffer cords are shown twisted in like direction, and opposite to the F to work better, and I therefore prefer the latter. Another illustration of a leno woven construction isv shown in Fig. 9, which is a schematic view looking at one side of the tape. In this view only .one buffer "cord and leno thread are shown, but it will be understood that a similar buffer cord and leno thread are provided on the opposite side of the tape. In Fig. 9, all of the weft threads 42 pass around the anchor cord 40. Ther are additional warp threads immediately back of the anchor cord 40, 8.515 indicated by the thread 'or 46, or both. As a, matter of fact, in all of the constructions shown. the warp. threads may run right up to the anchor cord, and a few of them may be disposed between the buffer cords even though the schematic illustrations in the drawing may tend to create the impression that there is no It will be observed that the leno. I

tape. A similar leno woven thread is provid for the opposite buffer cord.

The maximum dimension of the three-cordedge should be small enough' to fit between the spreadjaws of the element before the laws are closed. It is desirable, for example, that the element when being fed to the tape should not roll the buffer cords back away from the edge of the tape. on the other hand, the total mass of the two buffer cords, the anchor cord, the few warp threads between the buffer cords, and the weft threads, or in other words, the total mass of the fabric'inside the element jaws, should be big enough to provide a firm attachment when the Jaws are clamped on the tape Another dimensional requirement is that the anchor cord should be big enough to really anchor the tape to the elements. More specifically, the anchor cord should be bigger in diameter than the space between the tips of the clamped jaws. Of course, the effective diameter of the anchor cord is somewhat larger than its actual diameter, in that the weft threads are wrapped closely therearound and help enlarge the same. The buffer cords should be large enough and so located that when they are squeezed down by the jaws of the elements, they should nearly completely envelope the weft threads in order to protect the same. In respect to their location, the buffer cords should be close to the anchor cord, rather than far back of the same, for in the latter case the weft threads wound about the anchor cord would be largely exposed to abrasion by the fastener elements.

The. tape is preferably given a slight initial concavity at the beaded edge, as is schematically indicated in Fig. 10. This is desirable because the beaded edge is lengthened somewhat when the elements are clamped thereon, thus providing a finished fastener which is straight, and which, if it departs from being straight, is preferably concave rather than convex at the elements, because the latter produces a so-called "bum py fastener.

having a separable bottom stop for use on coats or other applications where the two sides of the. fastener must b entirely separable from one another. In manufacturing such a fastener, it is customary to reversely fold the lower ends of the tape before securing the halves of the-separable bottom stop thereto. However, to avoid xcessive bulk of fabric at the beaded edge, the

To produce the desired initial concavity, the

cords of the beaded edge are preferably stretched or placed under a higher tension than the regular warp threads during the weaving operation. The thus initially stretched threads tend to contract when the tape leaves the loom, and so produce the desired concavity. The tension applied to the cords should be considerably higher than that applied to the warp threads. i

It is also important that the buffer cords be held tightly to the anchor cord and tape, because otherwise, the buffer cords may tend to become excessively loose, permitting them to be displaced from proper position before or during the attachment of the elements. It is important that the jaws be clamped around all thre cords. and

it is further desirable that the buffer cords be held so close to the anchor cord that they will be compressed around the anchor cord and thereby .protect the otherwise exposed loops of weft thread around the anchor cord.

It is believed that the improved tap of my invention, as well as the many advantages thereof, will be apparent from the foregoing detailed description. The weft threads are protected cords are removed from the reversely folded end of the tape. This has been a tedious and difficult job with prior tape constructions, but is readily accomplished with the present tape, for the buffer cords are relatively looselyheld in position by only a few spaced loops of thread.

Before closing, it may be pointed out that while I have illustrated the invention in simplest form employing a single anchor cord and two buffer cords, it is theoretically possible to practice the invention while using a plurality of smaller anchor cords instead of one large 'anchor cord. or a plurality of smaller buffer cords on each side of the tape, instead of a single large bufler cord, the important thingv being, of course, that all or most of the weft threads are to pass around the anchor cords alone, but not around the buffer cords, the latter being held mainly by the clamped jaws of the fastener elements, although preliminarily held on the tape by appropriate means, such as a spaced fraction of the weft threads, or warp threads woven with a leno weave.

It will be apparent that while I have shown and described my invention in several preferred forms, many changes and modifications may be made in the structures disclosed, without departing from the spirit of the invention as sought to be defined in the following claims.

1 claim: 1. Atape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads,

a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing .on the'tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws of the-fastener elements are clamped thereover. 2. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warpthreads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads,

a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to .hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws against abrasion by the fastener elements. The

beaded edge of the tape is very flexible. .The beaded edge is soft enough to conform readily to the inside shape of the element jaws. The many disadvantages of sewed cords-are eliminated.

One specific advantage of the present tape arises in connection with the manufacture of fully separable slide fasteners, that is, slide fasteners of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said buffer cords being located outside most or all'of the weft threads and helping to protect the same against abrasion by the jaws.

3. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weftthreads,

I a bufier cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, and means to hold the bufier cords in position until the iiaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said buffer cords being ,located outside most or all of the weft threads and helping to protect the same against abrasion by the jaws,

said buffer cords being relatively soft and large in diameter, and said anchor cord being relativelyhard and smaller in diameter although substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape.

(5. A tape for. slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of but very close to the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular wa threads of the tape, and means to hold the buife cords in position until the jaws of the fasten r elements are clamped 'thereover, ,said buffer ords being located outside most or all of th weft threads and helping to protect the same a ainst abrasion by the Jaws, said buffer cords being relatively lightly twisted, and said anchor cordbeing relatively tightly twisted."

, 5. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads,

, a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of but very close to the anchor .cord, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the" jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, the maximum dimension of the resulting three-cord; edge being small enough to fit between the spread jaws of the fastener element before the jaws are clamped together, but the total mass of the fabric within the jaws being large enough to provide a firm attachment when the jaws are clamped together, and the anchor cord being larger in diameter than the space between the tips of the clamped aws. l

6. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor eord held at one edge by weft threads,

'a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchorc'ord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the Jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover,

said means. consisting of rather widely spaced weft threads which run about'the buffer cords but 'not about the anchor cord, the intervening and numerically greater number of weft threads passing about the anchor cord but not about the buffer cords.

7. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, 5

a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the Jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said means consistingof every fourth weft thread, said fourth weft thread passing about the buffer cords but not about the anchor cord, and the the Jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said buffer cords being located outside most of the weft threads and helping to protect the same against abrasion by the jaws, said buffer cords being relatively soft and large in diameter, said anchor cord being relatively hard and smaller in diameter although substantially larger than the regular warp threads of thetape, the anchor cord being larger in diameter than the space between the tips of the clamped Jaws, the aforesaid means for holding the buffer cords in position consisting of rather widely spaced weft threads which run about the buffer cords but not the anchor cord, the intervening and numerically greater number of weft threads passing about the anchorcord but not the buffer cords.

'9. A tape for slldefasteners of woven 'warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads,

1 a buffer com on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the-anchor cord, and means to hold the buffer cords in positionuntil the Jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover,-'said buffer cords being located outside most of the weft threads and helping to protect the same against abrasion by the jaws, said buffer cords being relatively soft and large indiameter, said anchor cord being-relatively hard and smaller in diameter although substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, the anchor cord being larger in diameter than 'the space between the tips of the clamped jaws, theaforesaid means for holding the buffer cords in position consisting of every fourth weft thread,

v said fourthweft thread passing about the buffer cords but not the anphor cord, and the intervening three out of four weft threads passing o an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads,

intervening three out of four weft threads passing about the. anchor buffer cords.

8. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and. weft threads, saidtape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane cord but not about the ,7 through the axes of said buffer cords passing on thin tapsideof the axis of the anchor cord; and meam o-hold the buffer cords in position until about the anchor cord but not the buffer cords;

I 10. A tape for siidd fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of but very close to the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the laws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said buffer cords being 10- cated outside most of the weft threads and helping to protect the same against abrasion by the Jaws, said buffer cords being relatively lightly twisted, and said anchor cord being relatively tightly twisted, the aforesaid means for holding the buffer cords in position consisting of rather widely .spaeedweft threads which run about the buffer cords but not the anchor cord, the intervening and numerically greater number of weft threads passing about the anchor cord but not the bufl'er cords.

'11, A tape for slide fasteners of woven warpthreads and weft threads-said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, 9. buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the Jaws ,of the fastener elements are clampedthereoven.

said means consistingof warp threads twisted leno fashion about the cords whereby the buffer cords are disposed outside of all of the threads.

12. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, abuffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said means consisting of warp threads transposed at intervals over the buffer cords and linked or interwoven with the weft threads after each transposition, whereby the buffer cords are disposed outside of all of the weft threads and help protect the same against abrasion by the jaws of the fastener elements.

13. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, 2. buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws of the fastener elements are clamped Weft thereover, said bufl'er cords being relatively soft outside of all of the weft threads.

14. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads. a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of but very close to the anchor cord, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said buffer cords being relatively soft and large in diameter, said anchor cord being relatively hard and smaller in diameter although substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, the aforesaid means for holding the buffer cords in position consisting of warp threads transposed at intervals \over the buffer cords and linked or interwoven with the .weft threads after each transposition, whereby the buffer cords are disposedoutside of all of the weft threads and help protect the same against abrasion by the jaws of the fastener elements.

15. A tape for slide fasteners of woven warp.

threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads. a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side .of the axis of but very close to the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially largerthantheregularwarpthreadsofthetape,

' and means to hold the buffer cords in position tively lightly twisted, and said anchor cord being relatively tightly twisted, the aforesaid means for holding the buffer cords in position consisting of warp threads transposed at intervals over the buffer cords and linked or'interwoven with the weft threads after each transposition, whereby the buffer cords are disposed outside of all of the weft threads and help protect the same, against abrasion by the jaws of the fastener elements.

16. A slide fastener comprising a tape of woven warp threads and Weft threads having a corded edge and a series of fastener'elements having jaws clamped around the corded edge of the tape, the tape comprising an anchor cord held by the weft threads of the tape, a bufi'er cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer cords in position until the jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, the clamped jaws of the fastener elements operating to compress the buffer cords around the anchor cord so as to largely envelope and thereby protect the loops of weft thread around the anchor cord from abrasion by the jaws of the fastener elements.

17. A tape for slide fasteners of woven" warp threads and weft threads, said tape comprising an anchor cord held at one edge by weft threads, a buffer cord on each side of the tape, the plane through the axes of said buffer cords passing on the tape side of the axis of the anchor cord, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, and means to hold the buffer' cords in position until the jaws of the fastener elements are clamped thereover, said anchor cord and buffer cords being woven under considerably higher tension than the regular warp threads, whereby said tape is given a slight concavity at the corded edge.

18. A slide fastener comprising atape of woven warp threads and weft threads having a corded edge and a series of fastener elements having Jaws clamped around the corded edge of the tape,'the tape bomprising' an anchor cord held at one edge of the tape by weft threads of the tape, said anchor cord being substantially larger than the regular warp threads of the tape, a buffer cord on each side at the anchor cord, the buffer cords being received within the Jaws of the fastener elements, and means to hold the buffer cords in position prior to clamping of the Jaws of'the' fastener element thereover, said means consisting of rather widely spaced weft threadswhich run about the buifer cords but not the anchor cord, the intervening and numeri- 'cally greater number of weft threads B about the anchor cord but not the buffer cords, the clamped jaws of the fastener elements compressing and spreading the buffer cords arc of the anchor cord so as to largely envelope a d thereby protect 'the loops of weft thread around the anchor cord from abrasion by the Jaws of the fastener elements.

. LES'I'ER L. JONES.