US2332827A - Electric control apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 26, 1943. c. MENARD ET AL ELECTRIC CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN V ENTORS Z0015 (f MEN/1RD, Quad 49m ATTORN EY Oct. 26, 1943. C MENARD ET AL 2,332,827

ELECTRIC CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 INVENTORS 1 0.1116 6141mm R0, 01/121123 FAME/2r ATTORNEY.

Oct. 26, 1943- 1.. c. MENARD ET AL.

ELECTRIC CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS Z001: (Mm/A20, Clam/2's 1. 521352! ATTORNEY Oct. 26, 1943- 1.. c. MENARD ET AL. 2,332,827

ELECTRIC CONTROL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 20, 1938 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS 101/15 (Mm/mo, (11/121455 VSEJBERI.

ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 26, 1943 ELECTRIC CONTROL APPARATUS 'Louis C. Menard and Charles V. Seibert, Louisville, Ky., assignors, by mesne assignments, to General Time Instruments Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application August 20, 1938, Serial No. 225,876

14 Claims.

This invention relates to electric control apparatus and in particular to a system wherein one or more secondary units may be motivated and controlled'remotely by a master unit. Such a system may be applied in asecondary corrective clock system, and the particular embodiment herein disclosed will relate to such application.

In such systems, the secondary clocks are generally provided with electromagnets which, upon receipt of impulses regularly transmitted by the master clock, advance the clock train step by step. Means are generally provided to correct each secondary clock with respect to the master clock at longer intervals, such as once each hour,

as contrasted with the clock advancing impulses which may occur at intervals of one minute.

the setting of the master clock is changed, according to the usual practice, the secondaries will not correct themselves immediately, but must wait until the expiration of the hour orcorrective interval. of the master clock may not be more than a fraction of an hour to effect automatic correction at the expiration of the hour interval.

An object of this invention is to provide an improved time control apparatus.

A further object is to provide an improved ondary corrective clock system.

A further object is to provide an improved polarized magnet.

A further object is to provide an improved secondary driving mechanism which has incorporated within it no contacts or contact mechanism of any sort.

Another object is to provide a secondary clock system wherein the secondary clocks will respond immediatel to any change in the setting of the master clock. I

Still another object is to provide an electric clock system wherein the master clock may be set ahead any desired interval and wherein the secondary clocks will be automatically advanced a corresponding interval.

A still further object is to provide an improved secondary clock mechanism which is of inexpensive construction and of positive and eilicient operation.

Otherv objects, features and advantages will be apparent as the description proceeds. Reference is hereby made to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification, and in which:

Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a secondary corrective clock system embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the pilot.

sec-

Furthermore, the change of setting I Figure3 is a perspective view of the secondary driving mechanism.

Figure 4 is an elevation of the secondary driving mechanism in locked position.

Figure 5 i an elevation of a modified form of pilot in slow position, only a portion thereof being shown.

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation of the modified form of pilotin normal position, the section being taken along line AA of Figure 8.

Figure '7 is a sectional elevation taken along line BB of Figure 8, certain elements which are shown in Figure 6 being omitted for the purpose of clarity.

Figure 8 is a sectional elevation along line 0-0 of Figure 6.

Figure 9 is a sectional elevation similar to Figure 8 but showing only the pilot secondary driving mechanism in locked position.

figure It) is a circuit diagram of a simplified system wherein the pilot is not employed.

Referring now to Figure 1, M represents the master clock, S1 and S2 the secondary clocks, P the. pilot and T the impulse transmitter, each of the above being'a-n assembly of elements to be I more fully described hereinafter.

Reference numerals l and 2 represent suitable A. C. power lines between which is connected a rectifier 3 from which positive and negative lines 4 and 5, respectively, lead. Supplied with cur,- rent from conductors 4 and 5 are a plurality of secondary clocks,,S1, S2, etc., relays 5|, 6!! and 69, and pilot secondary 50.

The secondaries are connected to the impulse transmitter T by conductors 20 and 2| over which four difierent types of impulses are transmitted, namely; minute impulses, rapid impulses, reverse polarity minute impulses and reverse polarity rapid impulses. Upon receipt of each impulse, with one exception, each secondary will be advanced one minute; consequently during transmission of the minute impulses, each secondary will advancewith the master clock. At the fiftyninth minute position of each secondary, however, means are provided to render the secondary inoperative until the master clock reaches the even hour position, at which time a distinctive type of impulse, in this embodiment a reverse polarity minute impulse, is transmitted which causes all'secondaries to be released and to be advanced to the even hour position. Thus, all secondaries which are fast will become locked in the fifty-ninth minute position ahead of the others, and will remain locked until the other secondaries have also become locked in the fifty ninth minute position, after which all are released and simultaneously advanced to the sixtieth minute position.

Between the fifty-ninth and sixtieth minutes, when the on time and fast secondaries are locked, a series of rapid impulses are transmitted by the master clock, which enables any secondary which happens to be slow, to advance step by step rapidly until that secondary becomes locked in the fifty-ninth minute position along with those secondaries which were previously ahead of it.

The secondary clocks comprise the usual clock train which is adapted to be advanced step by step each minute by the driving mechanism shown in Figure 3. The electromagnet I02 is suitably mounted on the secondary clock and has a core I03 adapted to co-operate with which is armature I04. The armature is mounted on one or more arms I05 which are rigidly aihxed to shaft I06. This shaft may be suitably journaled in the frame plates of the secondary clock The armature i biased to the retracted position by spring I01, one end of which may be affixed to the frame of the clock, and the other end of which .is aifixed to lever I08 also rigidly mounted on shaft I06. A secondary armature I I0 is affixed to shaft II6, also journaled in the frame plates to which armature is clamped or otherwise suitably aiflxed a permanent magnet I I I. Secondary pole pieces II2, of suitable magnetic material, are mounted on the magnet core I03 and are adapted to attract to it or repel, depending upon the polarity thereof, the permanent magnet III and the secondary armature I I0. It will be noted that pole pieces II2 shunt only a small portion of the magnetic flux into the secondary armature and permit the use of a comparatively small permanent magnet.

A pin H3 is mounted on secondary armature H0 and is adapted to latch the corresponding projection II4 extending from armature 104 when the armature is in the operated position, thereby preventing the retraction of armature I04 by the spring I 01. A shaft III is suitably journaled in the frame plates and on the shaft is rigidly mounted a disk I09, having a slot H0 therein, and a ratchet wheel I22. A projection I I9 extends inwardly from the upper end of secondary armature I I0 and is adapted to ride on the periphery of disk I09 as the shaft H1 is rotated and upon attraction of said armature by pole pieces I I2 the projection IIO will slip into slot II8 as it is rotated into registry with the projection, thereby locking armature I04 and preventing further rotation of the shaft I II. This locking is timed so as to take place at the fifty-ninth minute position of the secondary. v

An arm I20 extends from lever I00 and a pawl I2I is pivoted at the end thereof, the pawl being adapted to engage ratchet wheel I22 and rotate it in a counterclockwise direction as the spring I01 moves the lever I08. A fixed pawl I23 is mounted on the frame of the clockwork and is adapted to engage ratchet I22 and prevent backward movement thereof when the lever I08 and arm I20 are moved in opposition to the spring by the attraction of electromagnet I 02 for'the armature I04. A suitable stop I24 is provided to limit the motion of secondary armature IIO away from pole pieces H2, and a stop I25 is provided to engage the pawl I2I and prevent the movement thereof by the spring more than one notch at a time. It will be seen that upon energization of electromagnet I02 the armature I04 will be attracted to it tensioning the spring I0'I so that position.

the ratchet I22 will be rotated one notch in a counterclockwise direction as soon as the magnet is de-energized. Simultaneously therewith the permanent magnet I I I and the armature I I0 are attracted to the pole pieces I I 2 provided that the energizing current is of normal polarity. However, the disk I09, which engages projection IIS, prevents the movement of secondary armature H0 at all times except when the slot H8 is in registry with projection I I9, which would correspond to the fifty-ninth minute position of the secondary. At the fifty-ninth minute position the secondary armature IIO, upon attraction, is free to move to a position where pin II3 engages projection H4 and locks the armature I04 in closed position. There it will remain as shown in Figure 4 due to the attraction of the permanent magnet III for the pole pieces II 2 until such time as an impulse of reverse polarity, which is transmitted on the sixtieth minute position of the master clock, repels the permanent magnet. throwing projection II9 out of the slot H8 and disengaging armature I04, thereby permitting spring I01 to advance the pawl I2I and ratchet I22 to the sixtieth minute position upon deenergization of magnet I02.

It will be noted with respect to the locking of the secondary clock in the fifty-ninth minute position that, in the embodiment herein shown. it is the action of the spring I01 which advances the ratchet; consequently, the disc is not advanced to the fifty-ninth minute position until after the magnet I02 has been de-energized subsequently to the fifty-ninth impulse. Therefore. it is the next succeeding impulse, or one of the rapid impulses, which attracts secondary armature IIO to its operated position which it is adapted to latch armature I04 in its attracted The complete action of armature H0 is delayed by the'abutting of pin II: against the end of projection I I4 until armature I04 has been attracted to the operated position, after which the pin H3 is permitted to slide over the upper surface of projection [I4 and lock armature I04 in the operated position. Furthermore, as the actual movement of secondary armature H0 is effected in either direction when armature I 04 is in the operated position, and as a small clearance is provided between the projection and the pin when the armature I04 is in the operated position, the secondary armature is enabled to move into or out of locking position by the application of a comparatively small force. This construetion permits the use of a small permanent magnet.

Between positive and negative lines 4 and 5 are connected in parallel with each other releasing relay 5|, polarity reversing relay 60, impulsing relay 69, and the several secondaries. The several circuits are established by contacts closed by the master clock, by the pilot, and by the relays in parallel circuits to produce one of the four types of impulses which go out over the secondary lines to operate the secondary clocks.

The impulses are put on the secondary lines 20, 2I by impulsing relay 69 the energization of which closes contacts I0, II, thereby establishing the circuit through the secondary lines and the secondary clocks. Energization of polarity reversing relay 00 will attract the armature 6|, which closes contacts 63, 65, and 64, 61 reversing the polarity of the current in the secondary lines. The armature 5| is biased by spring 62 to the retracted position wherein contacts 63, 66 and 64, 68 are closed to supply current to the secondary lines of normal polarity.

Energization of relay 5| will attract armature 52 in opposition to spring 53, withdrawing tooth 54 from the slot 59 in disc 55, permitting the same to rotate. The disc may be driven by a spring motor not shown and have associated with it suitable means, such as a ratchet wheel 56 to rapidly open and close contacts 51, 58 a definite number of times, after which tooth 54 slips into an adjacent slot, stopping rotation of the ratchet and leaving the contacts open. These contacts 51, 58 are spring biased in the open position as are all contacts hereinafter described, unless otherwise noted. It is evident that instead of a spring motor and ratchet wheel 56, any other suitable means may be used to rapidly close contacts 51, 58, or otherwise to generate the rapid impulses upon energization of relay 5|.

In addition to the above contacts operated by the relays, certain contacts are operated by the master clock M, others by the pilot P.

' The master clock may be of usual construction, and have associated therewith a cam 39 adapted to close minute contacts 40 once every minute. A second cam 32 is also associated with the clockwork in such a manner as to make one revolution per hour. Mounted on cam 32 are a finger 33 and a pin 34, the finger being adapted to trip lever 35 to close contacts 36 a few seconds before and to hold them closed'through the sixtieth minutes impulse of the master clock, and pin 34 being adapted to trip bell crank 31 to close contacts 38 a few seconds before the fifty-ninth minute position of the master clock, and to hold them closed through the fifty-ninth minute impulse of the master clock.

Mounted on the pilot are contact members 4| and 42 which are adapted to close the circuit between members 42 and 43 and members 4| and 43 when member 43 is moved to the left. Member 45 is mechanically connected with member 43 by means of an insulating strip so that when the latter is moved to the right, the circuit between members 44 and 45 is opened. At all other times members 44 and 45 are in contact with each other. The position of member 43 is determined by cam rider 46 carrying a roller 41 which bears on a cam 48 which has an intermediate surface on which the rider normally rests between a high surface and a low surface. The construction of the pilot will be described 2|, 29, contacts 64, 68, conductor I8 to positive line 4, either minute impulses or rapid impulses depending upon which of the contacts 48 or 51, 58 are closed.

The successive opening and closing of rapid contacts 51, 58 is effected by suitable means rendered operative by the energization of relay 5|, which in this embodiment is energized by the closing of contacts 38 at or shortly before the fifty-ninth minute position of the master clock, thereby establishing a circuit from negative line 5 through conductor 6, contacts 44, 45, conductor I3, contacts 48, conductor I2, contacts 38, conductors II and I0, relay 5|, conductors 9 and 28 to positive line 4.

The polarity of the impulses transmitted can be reversed by the closing of contacts 36, which in the present construction is effected a few seconds before the sixtieth minute position of the master clock, thereby establishing a circuit from negative line 5 through conductors 6 and 1, contacts 36, conductor 8, relay 60, conductor 28 to positive line 4 to energize relay 60 and to close contacts 64, 61 and 63, 65 after opening contacts 64, 68 and 63, 66, thereby reversing the polarity.

Thus the minute impulses, rapid impulses and reverse polarity minute impulses are transmitted which advance the secondaries and cause them to correct themselves individually with respect to the master clock.

If, however, it is desired to set the master clock back a few minutes to the correct time, the resulting rotation of the pilot cam, to be described hereinafter, will open contacts 44, 45,

preventing any impulses from being transmitted and rendering the secondaries inoperative until the master clock catches up therewith.

If, on the other hand, it is desired to set the master clock ahead to the correct time, or if a current interruption has occurred, upon resumption of which the master clock is ahead of the secondaries, the pilot cam will be rotated to close contacts 4|, 42 and 43, the contacts 44, remaining closed. The closing of contacts 42, 43

will energize relay 5| by establishing the circuit in detail below; it will .sufllce to say here that when the master clock is set ahead of the secondaries the cam rotates so that the rider rests on the low surface, closing contacts 4|, 42 and 43, and when the master clock is set back, the cam rotates so that the rider rests on the high surface, opening contacts 44 and 45.

For instance, when the pilot is in its normal position, contacts 44 and'45 are closed so that the operation of relay 69 is controlled either by the closing of minute contacts 46 which establishes a circuit from negative line 5 through conductor 6, contacts 44, 45, conductor I3, contacts 48, conductors I5 and I6, relay 69, and conductors I1 and I8 to positive line 4; or, by the closing of rapid contacts 51, 58, which are shunted around the minute contacts through conductor I4, contacts 51, 58 to conductor I6. Operation of relay 69 closes contacts 18, 1| which will transmit to the secondaries, from negative line 5 through conductor 22, contacts 18, 1|, conductor 23, contacts 66, 63, conductors I9, 26, and 25 to S1, S2, etc., and back through conductors 24,

from negative line 5 through conductor 6, contacts 43, 42, and on through conductor I0 to relay 5|, conductors 9 and 28 to line 4, thereby causing rapid impulses to be transmitted to the secondaries as above described in connection with the closing of contacts 38. The closing of contacts 4|, 43, being in parallel with contacts 36, will energize relay as above described by establishing the circuit from negative line 5 through conductor 6, contacts 43, 42, 4|, conductor 8 to the relay 68, and back to the positive line 4 through conductor 28, causing the impulses transmitted to be of the reverse polarity rapid impulse type. These impulses enable the secondaries to step up rapidly the number of minutes the master clock was advanced, and in the event the latter wa advanced through the fiftyninth minute position, or that the current interruption occurred through the fifty-ninth minute, the reversed polarity of the impulses will prevent the secondaries from looking in the fiftyninth minute position.

The pilot P comprises a secondary clock driving unit, the upper portion only of which is shown in Figure 2. The shaft H1 is journaled in a suitable frame structure, not shown, and is adapted to be rotated step by step every minute by the action of pawl I2I on ratchet I22 substantially as described above in connection with shaft II1 of Figure 3. A slotted disc I09 is also provided having a slot I 8' in the fifty-ninth minute position with which is adapted to co-operate projection H of secondary armature H0 so that shaft I I I may be corrected at the same time the secondaries are and may be substantially in synchronism therewith.

. A cylindrical cam 431s fixedly mounted at one end of shaft II! adapted to co-operate with which is 'a cam rider 40 freely mounted on shaft 30, the cam rider comprising a collar 9! having a, projection 32 at the nd of which is carried roller 4! for contacting the cam surface. A member 95 is. fastened on shaft, 96, journa ed in a suitable frame, and has a projection 94 which is adapted to ride in a groove 93 formed in collar 3! and to cause angular displacement of pivoted member 95 as relative rotation of shafts Ill and 30 causes axial displacement of cam rider 46. It will be noted that although cam rider 46 is keyed to shaft 90 for rotation therewith, it is adapted to slide axially thereon, the coil spring 99 bearing against the end of the rider to urge roller into contact with the surface of cam 48. A 4'! into contact with the surface of cam 40. A is driven by the clock train of the master clock to rotate the shaft and cam rider 46, at the rate of one revolution per hour.

Regarding the operation of the pilot, it will be seen that the cam 40 is intermittently driven by a secondary clock driving mechanism in the same. direction and at the same average speed ag'cam rider 46, which is driven bythe master clock. As long as the master clock and the secondary of the pilot are in time with one another, the. cam rider will ride. on the intermediate portion of the cam surface, and hold "lever 95 in the position shown in Figure 2, wherein projection 3'! engages spring biased contact 43 to hold contacts 44 and 45 closed. This position permits normal operation of all secondaries, whereby they are advanced every minute by the minute impulses, and any scattering among them is corrected every hour between the fifty-ninth and sixtieth minute positions of the master clock.

If, however, the master clock is set ahead of the secondary of the pilot, relative rotation in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 20f cam rider 46 with respect to cam 48 will result, the rider being axially displaced by spring 09 so that it rides on the lower portion of the cam surface, thereby displacing lever 95 to close contacts 4!, 42 and 42, 43, contacts 44, 45 remaining closed. In this position, rapid impulses of reverse polarity are transmitted to the pilot secondary to cause it to catch up with the master clock, and to cause all the other secondaries to advance a corresponding degree. It will be noted that inasmuch as the rapid contacts 51, 50 are motivated by a spring driven means which does not necessarily stop when contacts 42, 43 are opened by the return of the cam rider to the intermediate position, that the rapid impulses will advance the pilot secondary beyond the intermediate position to a position one minute ahead of the master clock, whereupon the rider is forced onto the high portion of the cam surface, and displaced axially, in opposition to the action of spring 99, thereby opening contacts 44, 45 and permitting no impulses to be transmitted to the pilot secondary until the master clock catches up with it and the cam rider is returned to its normal position.

If the master clock is set behind the secondary pilot, the last described action takes place, the cam rider being axially displaced by the high portion of the cam surface to open contacts 44, and render the secondaries inoperative until such time as the rider is restored to its normal position by the rotation of the cam rider by the master clock.

It will be further noted that any correction caused by the change of the setting of the master clock is a correction of the pilot secondary with respect to the master clock. Any scattering or errors of the other secondaries with respect to the pilot secondary which obtain before the correction, will remain after the correction; the scattering is corrected only between the fifty-ninth and sixtieth minutes. In other words, two typ s of correction are provided by the system described, a scattering correction, which corrects each secondary individually with respect to the master clock, and a group correction which corrects all the secondaries as a group to an extent determined by only one of the group, the pilot secondary.

A modification of the pilot is shown in Figures 5 to 9, inclusive, in which reference numeral 330 refers to the frame plates which are separated by suitable spacing members. Shafts 300 and 30! are suitably journaled in plates 330. Shaft 300 has affixed to it a gear 309, a cam 3l0 and hand 3l3, the hand being on a portion of the shaft which extends beyond the frame plate. Mounted on shaft 300 for rotation with respect to it is an assembly comprising sleeve 32! which extends through the frame plate and terminates in the dial 322 adapted to co-operate with hand 3l3. A gear 320 is aflixed to the sleeve and is adapted to drive the same. An idler gear 3 l5 and an associated pinion 3" are loosely mounted on sleeve 32! for rotation with respect thereto. A gear 305 and an associated pinion 306 are also loosely mounted on the shaft 300 for rotation with respect to the shaft.

Aflixed to shaft 30! is a ratchet 302 and a disk 338, gear 304, cam 3!! and hand 3I2, the hand being mounted at the end of the shaft at a point exterior of the frame plate. An assembly comprising a. sleeve 324, a driving gear 3 I6 and a dial 303 is loosely mounted on shaft 30! for rotation with respect thereto. The dial 303 is positioned exteriorly of the frame plate to cooperate with hand 3|2. Mounted on sleeve 324 for rotation with respect thereto are idler gear 3!8 and associated pinion 3l9. An idler gear 30! and an associated pinion 308 are loosely mounted on shaft 30! for rotation with respect thereto.

As the ratchet 302 is rotated by a pawl 335 gear 304 will drive idler gear and pinion 305 and 300, pinion 306 in turn driving idler gear 301 and associated pinion 308. Pinion 308 drives gear 309 which is aflixed to shaft 300, the ratio of the above gearing being such that shaft 300 will make one revolution for every twelve revolutions of the shaft 30!. A master clock through a gear 3I4 will drive idler gear 3|5 and associated pinion 3H. Idler gear 3! 5 drives the assembly comprising sleeve 324, gear 3|6 and dial 303 which are loosely mounted on shaft 30!. Pinion 3!! drives idler gear 3 8 and associated pinion 3 I 9, the latter pinion in turn driving the assembly comprising sleeve 32!, gear 320 and dial 322, this assembly being loosely mounted on shaft 300 for rotation thereabout. Sleeve 32! has a slot therein to cooperate with the pin 326 mounted on a grooved collar 323, the collar being loosely mounted on shaft 300 for rotation and for axial displacement with respect to the shaft. Collar 323 carries a cam rider 328 which is adapted to co-operate with the surface of cam 3lii. A similar collar 325 having a groove therein and a pin 321 affixed to one side thereof which is adapted to co-operate with a slot in sleeve 324 is loosely mounted on shaft 38l for rotation and axial displacement with respect thereto. Collar 325 carries a cam rider 329 adapted to co-operate with the surface of cam 311 so that the collar may be displaced along the shaft when relative rotation occurs between the collar and the cam.

The sleeves 32l and 324 are driven by the master clock, the gearing being such that sleeve 324 will rotate once each hour, and that sleeve 32l will rotate once every twelve hours. The collars 323 and 325 are driven by the sleeves through pins 326 and 321 respectively, the driving connection between the collars and sleeves permittin the axial motion of the collars resulting from the'action of the cams 3l0 and 3 on cam riders 328 and 329 respectively. The cams and the hour shaft 300 and minute shaft 30I on which they are mounted are driven by a secondary clock driving mechanism to be hereinafter described. Any discrepancy between the master clock and the pilot secondary will result in relative rotaj tion of the sleeves and shafts and displacement of the collars. The hand 3l3, 3l2 on each shaft, and the dial 322, 303 on each sleeve will indicate such discrepancy to the operator. The axial displacement of the grooved collars may be utilized to open and close a set of contacts just as displacement of collar 9| operates contacts 41 to 45 in Figure 2.

Also mounted on frame plate 338 is a block of insulating material 35| in which are anchored Afllxed to conductors 352, 353, 354 and 355. said conductors are resilient contacting members 356, 351, 358 and 359, respectively, as shown in Figure '1. A second resilient contact member 360 is affixed to conductor 354, the arrangement of these contact members being similar to those shown in Figure 2. Suitable screws such as 362 may be affixed to the lower part of the conductors to which wires may be connected. Contact members356 and 351 are biased to open position as shown in Figure "1 while contact members 358 and 359 are biased to the closed position, provision being made to hold them in the open position as illustrated. Contact member 359 is biased against member 366 to the closed position, and is adapted to be opened when contact members 358 and 359 are moved to the right. An insulating strip 36| connects contact members 358 and 359 so that they may be moved in unison.

Journaled in suitable frame members 363 and 366 is a shaft 364 upon which is pivoted a lever 365, the upper end of the lever carrying an insulating projection 366 which engages contact member 358. It will be seen that as projection .366 is moved tothe right all of the contacts will be opened, while if moved to the left of the position shown in Figure '1 resilient members 356 and 359 will be permitted to close all of the contacts. A pin- 361 is also mounted on lever 365, the pin being adapted to ride in the groove of collar 325 so that displacement of the collar by the cam 3| I will rotate the pivoted lever 365 to open or close the. contacts. A stud 369 is affixed to a frame member 368 and carries at one end thereof a second lever 310 on a hub 318. Lever 310 has a. projecting pin 3" thereon which engages the side of lever 365 when lever 31!! is moved clockwise about, its pivot 369 and'has a second projectingpin 312 on the reverse side thereof which is adapted to ride in the groove of collar 323 so that displacement of collar 323 will rotate lever 310 and thus bring pin 31I against the side of lever 365, said lever 365 having been moved to the left previously, thereby causing lever 365 to be detained in this position as long as rider 328 is on the outer cam portion of cam 3H). This results in the contacts 356, 351, 358 and 360, 359 being held in the closed position. However, when the secondary of the pilot is in synchronous relationship with the master clock, the projecting pin 31I is held away and to the right of the side of lever 365, permitting lever 365 to be swung to the right when its associated pin 361 causes this movement upon displacement of collar 325, thus permitting the opening of contacts 369359.

The secondary driving mechanism for the pilot is shown in Figures 8 and 9 wherein an armature 33l is carried on a member332 pivoted on shaft 333 and biased by spring 334 to the retracted position. A pawl 335 is pivotally mounted at 336 on pivoted member 332 and is provided with a tooth 331 adapted to engage ratchet wheel 362 to rotate it one notch at a time. Ratchet 362 is affixed to shaft 3M which is suitably journaled in the frame plates 338 of the mechanism. Also mounted on shaft 3M and adapted to be rotated therewith is disk 338 having a slot 339 therein.

An electromagnet 346 is suitably mounted on plate 338 and is provided with a principal pole piece 34! to co-operate with armature 33l, and an auxiliary pole piece 342 to co-operate with auxiliary armature 343, the latter armature being polarized, that is comprising a permanent magnet, so that current of normal polarity will attract both armatures while current of reverse polarity will attract armature 33l and repel armature 343.

Armature 343 is carried on lever 344 which is pivoted on shaft 345 suitably mounted in plates 33!), said lever terminating in a projection 346 adapted to ride on the periphery of disc 338.

As the slot 339 is rotated into registry with the projection 346, the latter, upon energization of the magnet by current of normal polarity, will slide into the slot to prevent further rotation of disc 338 and ratchet 302.

A spring 341, one end of which is suitably 'afllxed to the frame of the secondary, biases ,lever 344 into such a position that pin 349 thereon engages a pin 359 on pawl 335, locking the pawl in displaced position as well as locking the ratchet against further rotation. An impulse of reversed polarity will repel armature 343, unlocking both the pawl and the ratchet for further action. The action of this modification is substantially the same as that described in connection with Figures 3 and 4.

Regarding the operation, it will be observed that cam 3 has an intermediate surface on which cam rider 329 rests, as shown in Figure 6, when the pilot secondary is in on time relationship with the master clock. At the same time, cam rider 323 rest's'on the low surface or cam am. never at holds'cohtacts 355,351, 35a in the open positiQn and contacts 3G0, 358 re main closed, raver 3'l8is out of engagement with lever 36 i r If a current interruptionin the secondary line should occur, or if it'shou'ld be desired lto set the master clock ah'ead, cam rider 329 would ,be forced o'n to the high surfac'e by the rotation lofca'm3ll, displacing collar 325 and" l'ever8t5 to the left in opposition to spring 313, as shown in Figure 5, thereby permitting resilient members 358 and 35 8 to spring to the left an'd t'o close contacts 356,351, 358, contacts 368 359 remaining closed. the'high position or the cam surface "extends only for about 180? of entire cam surface, the lowandintermediate portions accounting forthe remainder, the max: imum slow correction of the pilot would be lim lted to about thirty minutes beyond which the rider would slip from the high to the low surface, were it not forthe more slowly, acting "cam and rider 3H] and 328, respectively, whichwithin the maximum slow correction of the first dam, will have rotated "sufiicientlywith respect to each other, toforce the rider 328 on to the high portion of the foam surface, thereby displacing .to the left, collar 323 and lever 310 so that pin 311 will engage lever 385 and keep it in 'displaced position and the contacts closed. When r id 'er 3 2'9 has been rotated beyond the highportion of the surface of cam 311 to a position wherein spring 313 tends to urge it against the low 'p'ortion 'an'd to open 'the 'contacts, the lever 3T0tv'ill retain lever 365 in displaced position, due to the action of cam 310- and rider 328. The maximum slow correction will thus be lengthened from thirty minutes to as long as ,eleven hours provided that cam 3H! and rider 328 normally make one revolution every twelve hours. Inasmuchas the'h'igh portion of the surface of cam 3 need be, only long enough to hold lever 385 in displaced position until the lslower acting cam and rider displace lever 310 into engagement 'with lever 365, the highpo'rtion may be made considerably shorter than thirty minutes, and the low portion correspondingly lengthened, therebyincreasing the maximum fast correction over that'aiforded by the type of pilot illustrated in Figure 2,. c

It will be noted that contacts 356, 351, 358, 360 and 359 in Figure 7 correspond to contacts M, 42, 43, 44, and145, respectively, in Figures 1 and 2 and that they are connected into the circhit correspondingly. Consequently, with respect to the function of either pilot 'in'the Circult .of Figure l the operation of the two pilots herein disclosed is substantially identical. .Figure 10 illustrates a simplified circuit, wherein the scattering correction only is pro- :vided the pilot being omitted. The primed reference numerals indicate elements substantially identical to those elements in Figure 1 bearing the corresponding unprimed reference numerals.

Upon closing of the minute contacts 4825a circuit is established from negative terminal '280 of rectifier 3 through conductor 202, contacts fill, conductors 283 and 2M, relay '69, conductors 285 and 286 to positive terminal 2'. Energization of relay69' establishes a circuitfrom negative terminal through' conductor 281, "contacts l8, 'HQcohdtictbr 288, -contacts 66',63, conductors 209, 2| through the secondariesjconductors 2o', 2 a, c'onta o'tsfi l', 68', and conductor its to positive terminal '10 l.

A few seconds before the iifty hinth minute position of the master clock M, contacts 88 are closed so that on the fittymmm minute a circuit is established from negative terminal [0. through conductor 202, contacts 18', conductor 2, contacts 38', conductor 212, relay 5|, con uu'ctors 21s, and ill to posit ve terminal :04. Ehergization or relay 51' releases spring driven rapid contactbr 5%" which rapidly closes and opens contacts 51, 58', thereby establishlhga ciicult from negative terminal 2030 through conductor :15, contacts 583 51, conductor 2N, relay 6!, conductors zta, at to positive tertriinal m. rapid energiz'ation and de-energizanon of relayi' causes rapid impulses to be sent out over lines 20' and 21' permitting ail secondaries which have not yet become rocked in the nay-ninth minute position, to advance rapidlyuntii they do become locked.

A few seconds before the 'sixtieth minute positioh of the master clock, 'c'ontacts 35 are closed establishing a circuit from negative terminal run through conductors in, m, contacts 'as', conuctor 211, reiay tn, conductor "in to positive terminal z'u' En'ergmuon or ram 60' causes displacement of ontact. members at" and it" so "that contacts 33, 86" and '63, 68 are broken. and attracts 'ea 65' and '51, 61' are "made thereby r'eversing the polarity of the siiiti'ethiiiinuite impulse sent out on the energiza'tion of relay ta", and releasing all't'he secondaries simultaneously to the sixtieth minute position.

It will be noted that in connection with the above description of our-invention we have shown certain modifications whereby a time controlled system is disclosed which will provide scattering correction only, or scattering and group norm *tion, and wherein maximum group cor'reotion may be extended to any limits by modifying the gear ratios, or -bvy adding additional cam 'elements to the modrfied pilot construction 64:-

The secondary apparatus 4811051811 to operate not only clocks but also time tampsand printing-recorders of all types,-and the system is adapted for other types of control of seoondaty apparatus than time control. It is understood, consequently, that certain modifications and "changes in the apparatus/or circuits disclosed. --and in the shape, size and proportions o! the parts oreleme'nts thereof maybe efleoted withoiitcdepartir'1g from the spirit! our in-ve'mticn --as'defined in th'esubjoined claims. 7 We claim:

1. A secondary apparatus of the renderingsaid-queuin meawmoperatm iii-oertain positions ofiiai'd adt ahcihg mea "ns.

2. '-In a se'cenuary apparatus zer' use m "acob irectrve time clintrlled *syst'e'm a maghewndan --arii'rature 1F or "advahci'rig said apparatus htep lit or use; n'ormalf'aiid -revrsed*pd1ai-ity, am; means 'for engagin said armature arid 166 mm;- 'it'ihitshttraCtedposition,amauitiliary polarizii 'arihaturecooperatlng with-said magrietiorpcstep, said magne't being responsive to impulses tiiatmg' 'sai'u' locking means-,-and means tcr permitting said locking means to engage said armature only during a predetermined chronological condition of said apparatus, disengagement being eifected only upon receipt of an impulse of reversed polarity.

3. In a time controlled system, master apparatus, a plurality of secondary apparatus, an electric circuit including each of said secondary apparatus and said master apparatus, means for transmitting a series of rapid impulses during a corrective period determined by said master apparatus, means for locking each of said secondary apparatus in a position corresponding to said corrective period, means for releasing each of said secondary apparatus immediately after said corrective period by the transmission of a reversed polarity impulse by said master apparatus, and means for the transmission of a series of rapid impulses of reversed polarity to all of said secondary apparatus immediately after each current interruption in said circuit.

' '4. Ina time controlled system, master apparatus, a plurality of secondary apparatus, means for transmitting to each of said secondary apparatus a series of rapid impulses during a corrective period, said corrective period being determined by said master apparatus, means whereby each secondary may be rendered inoperative duringa locking portion of its cycle when said locking portion overlaps said corrective period, means for synchronizing the release from inoperative position of each secondary apparatus at the termination of said corrective period, and means effective following a current interruption for correcting all secondaries to an equal extent so as to bring one of said secondaries into synchronism with said master apparatus.

5. In a time controlled system, the combination of master apparatus, a group of secondary apparatus, means to correct each secondary apparatus individually at predetermined intervals, and means to correct the secondaries as a group to an extent determined by the correction necessary to bring one selected member of said group into synchronism with said master apparatus, said group correction means being operable immediately after said master apparatus and said selected apparatus have fallen out of synchronism.

6. In a time controlled system including master apparatus and secondary apparatus, a circuit including said master and said secondary apparatus, means to transmit advancing impulses at regular intervals to said secondary apparatus, means to transmit a series of rapid corrective impulses to said secondary apparatus at longer intervals, means to lock said secondary apparatus in a position corresponding to the position of said master apparatus during the transmission of said corrective impulses, means to transmit an impulse of reverse polarity immediately subsequent to said series of rapid corrective impulses to release said locking means, and means operative upon every current interruption in said circuit to control said transmission means whereby immediately upon resumption of the current in said circuit a series of rapid corrective impulses of reverse polarity will be transmitted to said secondary apparatus.

7. A secondary corrective clock system comprising a master clock, a plurality of secondary clocks, means controlled by said master clock for transmitting advancing impulses to said secondary clocks at intervals of one minute, means to lock said secondary clocks in the fifty-ninth minute position thereof, means controlled by said master clock for transmitting a series of corrective rapid impulses to said secondary clocks between the fifty-ninth and sixtieth minute impulses, means controlled by said master clock for reversing the polarity of the sixtieth minute impulse for releasing said secondary clocks, means for comparing the chronological positions of said master and one of said secondary clocks and operable immediately upon registering a discrepancy therein to control said transmitting means and said polarity reversing means to correct all of said econdary clocks.

8. In a corrective time controlled system including master apparatus and secondary apparatus, electromagnetic means for advancing said secondary apparatus step by step, a circuit including said electromagnetic means over which advancing impulses of normal polarity and advancing impulses of reverse polarity may be transmitted, means controlled by said master apparatus for transmitting impulses at regular intervals throughout a predetermined chronological cycle, and for transmitting rapid impulses during a corrective period of said cycle, means controlled by said master apparatus for reversing the polarity of said impulses immediately following said corrective period, locking means for engaging said electromagnetic means and for rendering inoperative said secondary apparatus at a predetermined position in its cycle of operation, said locking means being adapted to disengage said electromagnetic means upon receipt of an impulse of reverse polarity whereby synchronism between said secondary apparatus and said master apparatus is established immediately following said corrective period, a pilot for comparing the chronological positions of said master apparatus and said secondary apparatus and operable upon registering a discrepancy therein to control said impulse transmitting means and said polarity reversing means whereby synchronism may be established between said secondary apparatus and said master apparatus without regard to said chronological positions and their relation to the corrective period.

9. Master apparatus for use in a corrective time system comprising a source of current, an outgoing control circuit extending to secondary apparatus, means for transmitting current impulses over said control circuit at regular recurring intervals, means for transmitting a plurality of current impulses at a rapid rate during one of said intervals, means for transmitting at least one impulse of special characteristic immediately following the transmission of said series of rapid impulses, and means for transmittin a plurality of impulses of said special characteristic at a rapid rate following each interruption of current from said source.

10. In a time controlled system, a pilot to correct secondary apparatus with respect to master apparatus comprising a rotatable cam having an intermediate surface and two extreme surfaces, a rotatable cam rider to co-operate with said cam, one of the group comprising said cam and said cam rider being driven by said master apparatus, and the other by said secondary apparatus, and one member of said group being displaceable by said co-operation, contact means operable by said displaceable member to control the operation of said secondary, said rider being adapted to ride on said intermediate surface when said master and said secondary apparatus are in on time relationship with each other, and to ride on one of said extreme surfaces when said secondary is fast, and on the other when slow.

11. In a time controlled system, master apparatus, secondary apparatus, and apilotcomprising two sets of rotatable co-operating members, each set comprising a cam member and a rider member, one of which members is axially displaceable, and one member in each set being driven by said master apparatus and the other member being driven by said secondary apparatus, one or said sets being adapted to rotate once each hour, and the other of said sets being adapted to rotate once each twelve hours, contact apparatus for controlling said secondary apparatus, said contact apparatus being controlled by said displaceable member of said one hour set, and means for retaining said displace- I able member of said one hour set in displaced position when said displa'ceable member of said twelve hour setis displaced.

12. In a time controlled system, a pilot comprising primary means for comparing the chronological positions of master and secondary apparatus, said means being operable within a predetermined cycle of operation to control the transmission of impulses to a group of secondary apparatus, and auxiliary comparing means adapted to co-operate with said primary means to control said transmission of impulses, said auxiliary means being operable beyond the limits determined by the cycle of operation of said primary means.

13. In atime controlled system, a pilot comprising primary means for comparing the chronological positions of master and secondary apparatus, said means being operable within a predetermined cycle of operation to control the transmission of impulses to a group of secondary apparatus, and auxiliary comparing means adapted to co-operate with said primary means to control said transmission of impulses, said auxiliary means being operable beyond the limits detamined by the cycle of operation of said primary means, said primary and auxiliary comparing means including in each instance a rotatable endwise cam and a co-operative rotatable cam rider, one of which is longitudinally displaceable.

14. In a time controlled system, a pilot comprising primary means for comparing the chronological pos-itions of master and secondary apparatus and operable when said secondary apparatus .is slow to transmit rapid impulses thereto and when said secondary is fast to cease the transmission of impulses thereto, said comparing means being limited in its operat'ryeness to a difference "in chronological position of a definite extent, and auxiliary comparing means adapted to :co-operate with said primary comparing means to increase the extent .of said difference over which said primary comparingmeans is operative LOUIS C. MENARD. CHARLES VNSEIBERT.

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