US2331314A

US2331314A - Rail anchor

Info

Publication number: US2331314A
Application number: US366535A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles G Ericson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-11-09
Filing date: 1940-11-22
Publication date: 1943-10-12
Anticipated expiration: 1960-10-12

Description

' Oct.12,'1943. GERIGON 2,331,314

RAIL ANCHQR Filed Nov. 22, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 j'r venb C. G E11 1 c5011.

Patented Oct. 12, 1943 Application November 22, 1940, Se'rial No. 366,535

In Canada November 9, 1940 This application is a continuation-in-part'of my copending application, Serial No. 336,109, filed May 20, 1940, for Rail anchors.

Since obtaining my prior patents numbered 1,402,852, 1,548,589, and 1,996,286, issued January 10, 1922, August 4, 1925, andApril 2, 1935, respectively, it has beoomeincreasingly apparcut that rail anchors must not only function to prevent creepage of the rails but must prevent, or at least minimize, danger of' damage to the rails by derailed wheels. During the past few years rapid advancement has been made in rails and roadbeds and in'every kind of railway rolling stock to'increase the speed of trafiic of every description. LAccidental wheel derailments at such high speed have caused the flanges of the rails to be severely damaged by the wheels striking certain parts of the rail anchors shown in my prior above-mentioned patents. The object of my present invention is to provide a simple anchor of the type shown in my above-mentioned copending application but which has been improved in certain respects to reduce the cost of manufacture and to reduce the possibility of danger of damage to the rail by derailed wheels striking anchor parts.

The features of the invention are hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying drawings in which Fig. 1 is a perspective View of my rail anchor in service position on a rail base; i

Fig. 2 is a cross section of part of the rail showing the yoke in its initial position on a shoe; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the rail showing in plan, the parts shown in Fig. 2; v v

Fig. 4 a cross section of part of the rail show- 7 ing the yoke in a service position on the shoe;

Fig. 5 a horizontal section of the rail showing in plan the parts shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 a plan view of the underside of the shoe; Fig. '1 a perspective view of the shoe; Fig. 8 an end view of the short hook;

Fig. 9 a View showing the hooked end of the yoke disengaged from the rail base by a derailed wheel; v Fig. 10 a view showing the upstanding portion of the yokedisengaged from the shoe by a derailed wheel; v g V Fig. 11 a cross sectional detail through the shoe showing the yoke engaged therewith in its operative position; and

Fig. 12 a detail in plan of part of a shoe and yoke showing a modified form of the shoe engaging-portion of the yoke.

In the drawings like numerals of reference iniii dicate corresponding parts in the different figures. i x

The rail anchor is shown as applied to a rail of the conventional type having the usual head The railbase has the lower flat face 4, the vertical side edges 5; and the upper sloping face 6, and.

portion I, intermediate web 2 and base 3.

the rail is shown as resting upon the stationary tie 1.

The rail anchor as shown comprises a shoe adapted to fit and embrace an edge portion of therail base and a yoke adapted to span the rail base and engage one edge'of the rail base and embrace the shoe to lock the parts in place upon therail. I

The shoe as constructed in accordance with the present invention comprises an elongated member having a slot formed longitudinally thereof to receive the rail edge,v and thisslot is formed with a non-continuous upper jaw comprising two

lugs

8, 8 and a non-continuous lower jaw comprising two

lugs

9, 9 The lower jaws or

lugs

9, 9 are located at opposite ends of the shoeand have anopen space '9" between them.

away portion 8 separating them. The slot has an upstanding rear wall [0 which increases in thickness from the outer end of the shoe towards the tie engaging end thereof. of the shoe is inclined longitudinally inwardly from the tie engaging end of the shoe to the outer end thereof. The said back hasa plane surface which. in addition to the above-mentioned longitudinal inclination, is'also 'inclined inwardly transversely of the shoe from the lower edge to the upper edge of said back. 'Iheplane surface of the back I0 is therefore inclined in two'directions, longitudinally and transversely. The upstanding rear wall I0 is provided intermediate its ends with a recess to ensure positive contact, at both ends against the vertical edge 5 of the rail base. I

The lower jaws or

lugs

9, 9 engage the'lower face 4 of the rail base in intimate contact and the intermediate open space 9? permits free movement of the rail undulations under the impact of the traffic load and the cut-away portion 8 between the upper jaws 8, .8 provides additional clearance under conditions of extreme traffic undulations. While the

lower jaws

9, 9

arein parallel contact with the underface 4 .of' the rail base,

theupper jaws

8, 8 incline at a difierent angle than that of the upper sloping surface 6 of the rail base to the extent that the Thus the back It! outer terminals of the

jaws

8, 8 and 9, 9 are closer together than the rail thickness to provide a pinching engagement between the jaws and the rail base when the shoe is forced into position thereon.

The tie engaging end of the shoe is provided with a downwardly extending abutment l4 having a broad tie engaging surface IS, a reinforcing flange IS and a stiffening rib l'l.

Havingdescribed thejc'onstruction of the shoeof the present invention, the yoke of the present invention that cooperates therewith as the; clamping member will now be described.

The yoke comprises a resilient body portion;.l 8 1 adapted to extend under and span the railbase 3. This body portion is provided at one end with an upwardly extending short hook [9 of whichthei upstanding portion 20 engages the verticaliedge 5 of the rail base flange and the inwardly extending portion 2| engages, in overhanging relation, the upper sloping; surface 6 of the rail baseon-ly adjacent the edge 5 thereof. This inwardly, extending portion 2| of the short hook end isformed as a lip having a depth less than the depth or thickness of the portion of. the rail base underlying the lip so that the mass of metal in the rail; base immediately beneaththe lip is greater than 9 The upwardly extending portion 27 is in clined to a vertical plane in a direction corresponding to the transverse inclination of the shoe back ill but at a different angle than that of said transverse inclination of the shoe back so that initially only the upper part or edge of the portion 21 will engage the upper part or edge of the back ifi The distance from the inner most edge of the. upwardly extending portion 21 to. the inner surface of the upstanding portion 20 of the hook end, is such, relative to the width of the rail base 3 plus the thickness of the entering or outer end of the longitudinally inclined portion. Ill of the shoe, that the steel yoke may readily. be placed in its starting position on the rail base and the shoe. The back of the latter is tapered or chamfered at 33 to facilitate this without unduly increasing the length of the shoe.

the mass of metal in thelip. The upper surface a 23 of the lip 2! is upwardly and outwardly inr clined whereby it a rapidly revolving derailed car wheel or the like engages the said inclined surface23 the lip will be forced from the upper sloping surface 6 into engagement with the vertical edge 5 as shown inFig. 9 or the lipwi-llibe damaged. In either case the rail base will not, be. damaged because the lip will be broken. off before it could be forced through the rail base.

The. upstanding portion 20 of the hook end. [0; is upset. in the forging operation and its cross, sectional areais increased so that, when this end isforcedinto tension. transversely in relation to the upwardly extending portion on the oppositeend of: the yoke the reinforced upstanding portion 20: is capable of withstanding the tensional. stresses imposed during the application process andas may occur under the creepage load and thusminimize the tension stresses in the over-. hanging lip 2|. 7

It will be noted that. not only is the width, at: the points"3.5, of the upstanding portion '20? greater than the. width of the bar from which the yoke is made but the thickness of the portion flgisialsogreater than that of the said bar. The cross. sectional, area ,of the portion 201 is; thus greater than that of the said bar. The increased; width ofthe portion 20 is continued upwardly sothat the lip 21 is also wider than said bar where! by the cross sectional area-of the lip in. a horizontal plane is greater than the cross sectional, area of the bar. The depth or thickness of thelip is considerably less than that ofythe bar whereby the cross sectional area of the lip; in a; vertical plane is less than the cross sectional area of. the bar. By making the lip 2| thinandincreasing the ruggedness of the upstanding por tion, I provide the least possible obstruction toa derailed wheel without sacrificing the strength of the hook where it, is needed to withstand the above mentioned stresses. l

The opposite end of the, body portion It; has an upwardly extending portion 2'! adapted to. engage: the back. Ill of the shoe. Between theportion 2:1 and: the. body portion lawhich underlies. the, rail base isga downwardly extending portionili which clearstheunderside. ofgthe lower jaws 9;

Thatisto say, the back it is inclined longitudinally inwardly towards the yoke entering end of the shoe and. is then tapered in the same direction but more sharply at said entering end: whereby the back has a" double inclination longig tudinally thereof. As the yoke is forcibly moved along the rail base from the short; inclined or.- tapered end3 3 to operative or service position. on the comparatively longer longitudinally inclined part of 'the double inclination on the shoe. back; ill, the upper end of the upwardly extend.- ing'portion 2.1 will beforced outwardly away from. the upstanding portion 20 of. the hook end of theyoke and thus the underlying, body portion 18 of the yoke will be sprungupwardly-against the lower face of the rail base 3 which results in the upwardly extending portion: 2! being drawn gradually towards parallelism with the transverse inclination of theshoe back l3 to increase its gripping engagement therewith. In other words, only; the upper part or edge-of the yoke portion I 21; engages the upper part or edge of the tapered.

or shortinclined:enteringend 33 of the shoe back Hiewhen the yokeis initially positioned-on theshoe and subsequently; the upper part. of the portion 2?- is-drawninwardly so that a greater area thereof will engage thetshoe back when the, yoke is moved to its operative'or service position ongthe shoe. Any tendency of theportion '27 to loosen itself from the shoe is thus resisted. To, avoid any possibility of lessening the tension between the upper part ofsaid portion the upper part of the shoeback which-might resultin the yoke becoming loose onthe shoe, the parts are so designed that under. ordinary circumstances the extreme lowerpar-t or edge of the back H will notice intimately contacted by the portion 2.3. The upper endof the portion-11 terminates adjacent the upper edge of theshoe backlo so thatthe said portion doesnot overlie the upper jaws. ll, 8? of the shoe.

The upwardly extendingportion 214sinitially twisted so tha't the shoe. engaging. face of. said portion normally lies substantiallyparallel to the short longitud-inal= taper v33 ofthe shoe. The turned or twisted portion 21 facilitates the move. ment of the shoe engaging face of said portion Halongtheshoe back Ill. During this-mowementthe portion llis distorted. torfollow 'the contour of the other longitudinally inclined part of the shoe back 1 0K886 Figs. Ii -and 5. "Thus not ,onlyis. the upstanding portion rz 1 of the yoke, tensionally drawn into firm. engagement with the. shoe, butit is so distortedthatiitexertsa biting engagement between saidpertion and the ene' gaged inclined surface LOP-ofthe shQet-oresisti withdrawal of-the yoke: therefrom.

, 2,331,314 a With this construction no'part of the upward-f 1y extending portion-21 overlies the'rail base; If

a derailed'wheel travelling at a high speed strikes theyoke portion 21 or the shoe, the latter may be broken or the portion 2! shifted as shown in Fig.'10 but neither case will-the fiange of the rail base 3 be materially damaged.

Instead of initially twisting or turning the upwardly' extending portion 21, the latter may be formed with a rounded leading edge 34 which will move along the in'clinedshoe back without digging into the latter and will cause the portion 21 to be twisted or turned toresist withdrawal of the yoke from the shoe, see Fig. 12.

Preferably the shoeis madeof malleable iron and the yoke of steel the harder metal of the yoke will thus take a firm frictional grip'onthe softer metal of the :shoe to hold these parts'as positioned relative to one another and to the rail during extreme vibrations incident to trafilc. There are six point of engagementbetween the shoe and the rail base; three points of engagement between the yoke and rail base (lip 2|, up-' standing portion 2ll-and" body-portion '18 which engages theunderside' of base), and one point of engagement between the-yoke and shoemaking'a total of ten separated points of engagement. 7 This ensures proper tensioning of the yoke to ensure the necessary frictional engagement between the yoke and the shoe and this engage ment' is further accentuated by the specific con-- structions of the anchor parts; V

- It will be seen from the-foregoing that the rail anchor of the present invention may be readily applied to a rail by positioning thevshoe on a rail; with its abutment surface l5 engaging a tie l, and'then engaging the 'yoke'with the rail by handsothat the upwardly extending portion 21' engages the short tapered'end 33 of the shoe as shown in Fig. 3." The operation is thereafter substantially unbendable material adapted to embrace one edge of a rail base and provided with a tie engaging end and aback having a plane surface inclined in two directions; first longi-, tudinally inwardly from the tie engaging end of the shoe to the outer end thereof to form a lon-.: gitudinal wedge portion inclined towards the edge of the rail base, and secondly transversely inwardly from the lower edge to the upper edge of said back; and a yoke of resilient metal adapted to span the rail base having a hook at one end adapted to engage the edge of the base remote from the shoe and having an upwardly extending portion at the other end adapted to engage the in-clined back of the shoe, the said upwardly extending portion being inclined in a direction corresponding to the transverse inclination of the back of the shoe but at a different angle than that of the said transverse inclination so that initially only the upper part of the said upwardly extending portion will engage the upper edge of the said Wedge portion thus as the yoke is moved along the shoe to a service position the upwardly extending portion will be drawn gradually inwardly to increase the area thereof in engagement with the Wedge portion to ensure a firm gripping engagement between said upwardlyextending portion andithe back of the (2. A railanchor comprising a shoe formed of i substantially unbendable (material adapted to:

embrace one' edge of'a rail base andprovided with atie engaging end and a back having a-planev surface inclinedintwodirections, first longitudinally inwardly from the tielengaging'end of the shoe to .theouter end thereof to form a longitudinalwedge portion inclined towards the edge of the rail base and secondly'transversely inwardly'from'the lower edgeto the upper edge of said back; and'a yoke of resilientmetal'adapted to span the rail base having a hook at one end I adaptedto engage the edge of the base remote from the shoe and having an upwardly extending "portion at I the other end adapted to engage the inclined back of the shoe, the said upwardly extending portion being inclined in a direction corresponding to the transverse inclination of the back of the shoe but at a difierent angle than thatof the said transverse inclination, the said upwardly extending portion also. being initially turned to correspond to the longitudinal inclination of said wedge portion butat a greater angle than that of the longitudinal inclination of said wedge portionso that initially only the rear upper part of said portionwill engage the upper edge of said wedge portion thus establishinga firm gripping engagement between the said, up-. wardly' extending yoke portion and the wedge. portion .ofthe shoe by distortion of the said yoke portion as it is moved along thewedge portion t'oa servicegposition. e e i 3.2'A rail anchorvcomprising-a shoe formed of substantially unbendable material adapted to r embrace oneend of a rail base and provided with atie engaging end and a back having a plane "surface inclined intwo directions, first longi-v tudlnally inwardly from the tie engaging end of the shoe to the outer end thereof to form a longitudinal wedge portion inclined towards the edge of the rail base, and secondly transversely inwardly from the lower .edgeto the upper edgel I of the back, the; said outerend of thewedge portion being tapered and a yoke of resilient metal adapted to span the rail base having a hook at one end adapted to engage the edge of the rail base'remote from the shoe and having an upwardly extending portion at the other end adaptedvto engage'theinclined back ofthe shoe, the saidi upwardly extending portion being inclined in a directioncorresponding to the transverse inclinationofi the back of the shoe but at a differe entangle Ethan-that of the said transverse inclina tion, the'said upwardly extending portion also being initially turned so that its wedge engaging face will lie substantially parallel'to the tapered end of the wedge portion so that initially only the rear upper part of saidiupwardly extending portion will engage the upper edge of the said wedge portion thus establishing a firm gripping engagement between the upwardly extending yoke portion and the Wedge portion by distortion of the said yoke portion as the yoke is moved along the shoe to a service position.

4. A rail anchor comprising a shoe formed of substantially unbendable material having a longitudinal extending slot to embrace an edge of a, rail base and formed between non-continuous lower jaws and non-continuous upper jaws, the slot having a substantially vertical wall for contacting the vertical edge of the rail base, the vertical wall having a slight recess formed intermediate its ends so that only the latter contact the adjacent edge ioipthe railbase, the, back of, the Vertical wall having a plane surface inclined in. two directions, first longitudinally, inwardly trom: the tie engaging end, of. the shoe to-the outer end thereof to form a wedgeportion extend-- ing; longitudinally of: the shoe behind the slot,, and, secondly transversely inwardly from thelower edge of the upperedgeoi the wedge. pot-i tion; and. a-ssteelyoke-constructed to span the raiLbase and provided at one; end witha hook; for: engaging the edge of the; rail base remote from the shoe and provided at the oppositeend withanupwardly extending portion adapted to engage the transversely and longitudinallyinclined wedge. portion and yieldingly hold'the: shoe: in gripping engagement with the rail base). 5. A rail anchor comprising avshoe formed of: substantially unbendable material having. a longlr tudinal extending slot to. embrace an edge ofpa rail base and formed between non-continuous i lower jaws and non-continuous upper jaws, the slot having a substantially vertical wall for. con-' tasting the vertical edge of the rail base,.the vertical wall having a slight recess formed intermediate its ends so that only the latter contact the adjacent edge of the rail base, the back of the vertical wall having a plane surface inclined in two directions, first longitudinally inwardly fromthe tie engaging end of the shoe to the outer end thereof to form a wedge portion extending longitudinally of the shoe behind the a slot, and secondly transversely inwardly from the lower edge tothe upper edge of the wedge portion; and a steel yoke constructed to span thev rail base and provided at one-end with a, hook for engaging the edge :of *the. rail base remote engagement of the upwardly extending portion oi'the yoke with said wedge portion. a

6. A rail anchorcomprising' a shoe formed ot substantially unbendabl'e material adapted to engage one edge of a rail base andhavizi'g a back and a tie abutment, the backhaving a plane surface provided with a double inclination both being longitudinally inwardly from the said abutment and one forming a longitudinal wedge por tion inclined towards theedge oi thera'il' base;

the other inclination being at'tne endortn wedge; portion remote- ,irom the abutment and being ate; Sharper" angle; than; that or the wed e;

portionithe back alsobeing inclined transversely inwardly from the, lower edge to the upper edge thereof and a yoke of resilient metal adapted adapted to; engage the edge or the rail base, remote from,- theshoe and-having; an upwardly extending portion-at theothernd to, engage the wedgeportion, the: said upwardly extending portiombeing inclined in a direction correspond ing, to the transverse inclination of the shoe back:

but at a diiferent angle than" that of said transverse inclinationso that initiallythe said upwardly extending; portion will engage only along.

iace provided with a double inclination both.

beinglongitudinal inwardly from the said abutment, one. of said inclinations, forming a longitudinal wedge-portion inclined towards the edge of the rail base, the other inclination being at.

the end of the wedge portion remote'irom the,

abutment and being at. a sharper angle than that otthe wedge. portion, the back also being inclined transversely inwardly from the; lower edge to, the upper edge thereof; and a yoke of resilient metal adapted .to span the rail base and engage the underside thereof, the yoke having a small hook at one end adapted to engage the edge or the rail base remote from the shoe and having an upwardly extending portion at the other end to" engage the wed sportion, the said upwardly extendingportion being. inclined in a direction corresponding to .the transverse inclination of the wedge portion but at a difierent angle than,

rat ofjsaid; transverse inclination so that initially the said upwardly extending portion will engage only alongits, upper part with the upper; edgcioi the said second mentioned longitudinal inclination, the said upwardlyextending portion also being initially turned so that its wedge engaging face will lie substantially parallel to the said second mentioned longitudinal inclination remote from ithe abutment.

8'UA rail anchor constructed as set forth in claim l in which the upper edge of the upwardly extending yoke portion is substantially flush with the upper edge of the wedge portion.

' CHARLES G. ERICSON.