US2323155A - Printing telegraph receiver - Google Patents

Description

L. S. ROSE PRINTING TELEGRAPH RECEIVER 2 Sheets-Sllleet 1" June 29, 1943.

' Filed Aug. 29, `1941 |NvEN'roR. Lun-LEI' E. REISE'.

v. am a..

ATTORNEYS.

June 29,1943. A L s, RSE 2,323,155

PRINTING TELEGRAPH RCEIVER Filed Aug. 29, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

' LuthTE-.RUSE l v 82 lag 8a :I 8l

, ATT'oRNEYs.

Patented June 29, I

UNITED vSTATES PATENT OFFICE .2,323,155 ranvrma'fremcmrn RECEIVER Luther S. Rose, Honolulu, Territory-of Hawaii Application August 29. 1941, serial Nt. masse. v

claims." (c1.- 17s`26i The present invention relates to means Afor receiving messages transmitted in code and the primary object of the invention is toA provide a receiving system wherein coded messages received in the form of electrical impulses -will be automatically converted-liuto print as upon a typewriter.

A further object of the invention is toprcyide a printing receiving system embodying means for receiving international Morse code. or any code consisting of a combination of dots and.

dashes, or in other words long and short electri cal impulses, employed to represent characters of the alphabet and gures, the said means functioning to analyze or convert the dots and dashes into a typewritten message.

A further object is'to provide a device of this, character which may be universally used to decode messages, and which device is adaptable for use in wire telegraphy as well 'as in connection with wireless telegraphy for the translation of code `signals into print. .f

A further object of the invention is to provide i Figures 3, 4v and fare diagrammatic views illustrating progressive positions oi.' the electromechanical'switchin'g means. y. In thedrawings and wherein like reference g characters designate corresponding parts'thruout the several views. the numeral 5 may gerierv ally designate a typewriter having the usual key.

levers i which operate type bars in the usual well known manner. f

1o A rectiiler I is connectedto thexrecelving line 8 over which the electrical'impulses .frein-the sending station are receivedthese electrical impulses or signals being delivered over conductors 8 to a. receiving relay I0. The rectifier lmay 15 e of any preferred type and will allow the relay I! to operate on eitherA. C. or D. C. current.

The relay I0 is preferably a sensitive relay since it functions to pick up the weak signals and relay the impulses to the local circuit of the apparatus. The local circu'itfis energizedV -by a battery y lor any suitable source of electric current II, having one side grounded as at I2 and its opposite terminal-connected thru line I3 with the v con- L 'to proper key actuating means of the typewriter.

' turn of the carriage.

ing system oi this character wherein the number a receiving system for code messages wherein the tact I 4 o! a circuit breaking or openv circuitingl code signals are translated into print by electroswitch I6 having a switch arm It magnetic means operable for routing the signals The receiving relay I0 has an armature v I1v movable between contacts I8 and, the armature being connected thru' battery line 20 with the'switch IB and being normally held in engagement with the contact I8 by a spring I8'.

The contact I2 forms one terminal of two par-. allel connected relays 2i 'and 22, the opposite terminals of which areconnected thru a variable v resistor 23 to ground 2l. The relay 2| may be A still further and `important object of the in-- considered'as being a control relay and is slower vention is to provide a code receiving and printin action than the receiving relay I0. while the -1 reiay 22 is slower in operation than the relay 2| and operates to give an extra space. The ar-A mature 26er relay 2-I-is connected to battery line 2. thru line 2l and is normally held out of engagement with contact" by a spring 21'. The i contact 21 is connected with the armature 28 of .the relay 22. Thiaarma'ture 28 operates between .apair of xed contacts 29 and 30 at one side of the armature and ailexible contact'3I` at the other side oi' the amature against which the amature is normally urged as by a spring 3|'. The contactsl and SI are both connected Afurther object resides in the provision of means for providing spaces between words in the received messages as well as providing for' automatically returning the typewriter carriage at 'theproper instant without having to receive a transmitted character or characters to eect reof control relays is reduced to a minimum, thus providing for simplicity and low manufacturing cost. l

A still further object i's -to provide a receiving system for code messages which maybe readily associated with most any standard typewriter for typing thevcode messages into typewritten messages.

Other objects and advantages 'of the invention will be apparentfrom the following detailed 4description taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings forming apart of this specifi'- by line 32 to one terminal of an electromagnet cation and in which drawings: orsolenoid Il which is'grounded as at 34, while Figure 1 is a wiring diagramshowinga pre-' the contact-29 forms one terminalcf a. carriage ferred form ofthe receiving apparatus.' return coil or solenoid l5 having its other termi- Figure2 is a 'view showing a preferred form nal connected with a spring contact 38. This of circuit controlling switch means for the respring contact is engagea'ble by a contact bar 31 cemng apparatus, 5 55 reciprocable with: vthe typewriter carriage and of the typewriter, or to be typed on, this solenoid 99 may act to operoperate only after a wheel 49 is provided Yapart teeth 94 to 59 inclusive.

'of the relay 9| the relay i9 and battery Il.

being grounded as solenoid 99 is used to actuate the spacing bar when-a paper tape is used ate the tape advancing means.-

at 99. The electromagnet or 9 54, etc., and the stop arm The contact I9'forms one terminal of a slow kacting relay 49 having its other terminal connected thru a variable resistorl 4| to ground 24. This relay 49' operates with the same delayed action or with the same slowness of speed as does .the relay 2|. The armature 42 of the relay 49 -is connected to the battery line 29 thru line 29 and is normally the contact 49 by While the relays 2|, 22 and 49 are more sluggish in operation than the relay I9, they are designed to be adjusted so as to operate at any desired speed either thru adiusting the spring tension on their respective armatures or by vary--` ing the amount of current passing thru the coils. It will therefore be seen that relay i9 is sensitive 4and will operate its armature regardless of the length of the electrical impulses or the speed with which the impulses are received,whereas relays 2|, 22 and 49 being more sluggish will certain period of time has elapsed after relay |9.has been operated and comes back to normal.

An electromechanical switching means such as shown in Figure 2 serves to route the received signals or impulses for operation of the proper keys of the typewriter and embodies a ratchet means 45 operable lor controlling the position of two rotating switches 49 and 41. The ratchet means 45 embodies a ratchet wheel 49 fixed upon a shaft 49 suitably :lournaled in a support 59. This shaft'49 is rotated by means of a small motor (notshown) which is connected to the shaft thru a sliding-clutch 5| of any. preferred form. The motor may run con'- a spring 49'.

tinuously and is connected to the shaft 49 thru the 'sliding clutch 9| with `Just enough pressure asto cause the shaft 49 to turn only when the dogs `52 and 53 are disengaged from the teeth of the ratchet wheel 49. 'As shown, the ratchet with six equidistantly spaced the ratchet wheel 49 is controlled andj 9| which are respectively side as at 92 and 99. One side is connected thru line 94 with Rotation of by two relays 99 grounded on one the battery line 29, 99 is connected thru-'line 95 with the contact I9 of the relay I9. Thus it will be seen that oper.- ation o! the ratchet means 45 is controlled by lt will be noted that. current will flowdirect while one side of the relay held out of engagement with.

. ing arrangement v When the relay 9| is energized, the dog 59 is forced down to be engaged bythe ratchet teeth 12 also moves free of the stop'lug 19 such as in Figure 3. Now, each time the receiving relay |9 is actuated and causes the armature 99 and cause its armature 99 to move downthe ratchet wheel 49 is allowed to rotate one notch or step in the direction indicated by the arrow. Thus, when the relay 9| is energized, the ratchet wheel 49 will beturned-one notch or step each time an electrical' impulse is received thru the relay 69.

vThe solenoids for operating typewriter are arranged in banks anda switchis provided for` completing a circuit thru these venience these key actuating solenoids will be referred to by the letters and numerals with which they are associated. While only five ,banks of solenoids have been shown, this number maybe increased in accordance with the number of code charactersto a code group which it is desired to receive. In the arrangement illustrated, the numeral 15 represents a bank of two solenoids or electromagnets for operating the keys T and E; 19 a bank of four solenoids for operating the keys M, N, A and I; 11 a bank of eight solenoids'for operating the keys 0, G, K, D, W, R, U noids for operating the keys H, V, F, L,`P, X, C, Y, Z and Q, four of these solenoids heink extra and need not be employed unless necessary; and 19 a bank of solenoids or operating the numeral keys of the typewriter.. These key i actuating solenoids are each independent of one a circuit thru/the another and are connected to separate spring contact ngers 99 which are mounted on an insulated strip 9| disposed longitudinally of the i shaft 49.

The metal shaft 49 is grounded as at 49' and while the segments 99. 94 and 95 likewise comfrom the battery thru relay 9|to ground 99 and thereby keep the relay si energized anni the circuit is broken in this line, as will later beseen by the open circuiting switch |5.` The relay 9| has an intermediately pivoted 'armature 99 pivotedv at 91 and spring urged against a stop by a spring 99. The armature 99.0f the relay 99 is pivoted intermediate its ends upon one end of the armature 99 4 as at 19 and is 'normally spring urged against a stop by a spring 1I. The dogs 52 and 59 are pivoted on the amature 99 at opposite sides of its. pivot 1n. A'stop arm 12 the pivot point 19 and coacts with va stop lug 1-9 onthe ratchet wheel 49 for holdingthe ratchet wheel 'at a starting position when both of the dogs 52'and 59 are disengaged from the ratchet teeth. A

is .also pivoted at `99 an eight lpole plete circuits thru their respective solenoid banks 11, 19 and 19 to ground 49'. Thus, onlyone bank of solenoids is closed to the ground49'l at any one time,-the rotating switch 49 acting as a stepping switch and progressively closing the circuits to the banks of solenoids, startingv with the closing of the circuit to the solenoid bank 15.

Respectively associated with the solenoid banks 15 to 19 is a series of solenoid selector or routing switches' 99, 91, 99, 99 and 99 which control to selected sole-- opening and closing of. circuits noids .of the banks. The switch 99 may be a single pole double throw switch. the'switch 91 a doublepole double throw switch, the switch 99 a four'pole double throw switch, the switch 99 an eight pole double throw switch and the switch double throw switch.. The

switch blades of the switches are connected to in an upward nor-v switch blade oi control bars 9| and are held |1 to momentarily engage vcontact 49, a-circuit will be closed th'ru relay the keys of `Ithe. i

banks in sequence. For cond trically connected ing to the battery the switch as is connected by wire 32' td the unes2. l

'I'hese selector switches 86 to 90 are respectively controlled by a series of holding relays 93, 94, 95, 96 and 91 eachhaving an armature 98 connected to the control bar 9| of their respective The armatures 98 are elecselector switches.

by' line 99 to' the line 64 leadline 20. Each of the relays 93 to 91 is grounded at one side as at |00 and at their other side are respectivelyconnected to -contacts 93' to `91 which are\ engaged" by the armatures 98. Thus the relays 93 to 91 when energized act to operate their respective selector switches thru the control bars 9| and against the actionof the springs 92.

Also, lwhenthe armatures 98 are drawn down they will engag'e the contacts 93' etc. and maintain a holding vcircuit battery circuit is opened 40 whereby upon closing of the relay 40 the arm |02 will be connected to the battery line 20. The rotating switch arm |02 coacts with a series of contacts |05 to |09 inclusive which are'in turn respectively connected to the holding relays 93 to Each of. the key levers 6 of the typewriter 5 is provided with an armature 6' with each of which one ofthe key actuating solenoids is associated in a manner suchas indicated at 15a in Figure l.

Athe ratchet means 45 -and causing .the armature will be operated. vThe'relay operate on dashes or long impulses only andis Thus each time a lcharacter has been typed the circuit will be' broken at the ,open circuiting switch I5. l When the circuit is broken the ratchet means 445 andthe selector switches 46 and 41 are all' returned to astarting position for proper reception of the next code group; While the arrows'showing the direction of rotation of the selector switches.46 and 41 would'seem to indicatethat these switches rotate counter to the ratchet wheel 48, such is not the case since the switches are on the same shaft with the ratchet wheel and are merely shown in this manner for clearness of the wiring diagram.

An example of the cycle of operation-of the receiving system for the code letter F as us'ed in the International Morse Code will now be given. Thecode letter F consists of two dots at the switch is,

tions or the beginning point -of the ratchet wheel 48, the switch arm |02 of the switch 41 will now engage contactil'05, but seg'- ment 8| of switch 43 will not have engaged the contacts 30 of the solenoid bank 15. It will be places the seen that closingy of the vswitch I5 receiver in a starting position as shown in Figure 3, andall oif point.

Now, upon receipt of the iirst short impulse of the letter F" at the receiving line 8, if it be in the form of alternating current it will be rectified by the rectiier 1, and if direct current it will not necessarily be eilected by the rectifier and will in turn cause the receiving relay I0 to become energized and operate the amature. I1

the code groups will begin at this' which will be only momentarily as this electrical impulse isof short duration. When the armature/I1 is actuated by the relay I`0 it engages the contact t9 and completes two circuits lat thesame time, one circuit being thru the relay 3 0 of 89 to beactuated and allowing the ratchet wheel 4 8 to be moved up one step as in Figure 4. 'I'he second circuit completed by the armature I1 would be from battery line 20 thru armature I1, relay 40 and resistor 4| to ground 24, thereby tending to ac tuate the relay 4|),` but in view of thevfact that relay 40 is designed to operate sluggishly it does not operate instantly but waits momentarily, while the relay 60 of the ratchet means 45 which is designed to operate quickly 40 is supposed to adjusted to do so by use of the variable resistor 4I, and when properly adjusted will not operate on the dots or short impulse By referringv to Figure 4 it will be seenthat upon actuation of the armature 89 that the dog- 53 has been released from thev ratchet tooth 54,

which is the starting point of all code combinaeach letter, and ratchet tooth 55. |02 of the selec- |05; which is connected to the holding relay 93 which operates the solenoid selector switch 86, but since the relay 40 is slow in operating and will not operate on short impulses, the circuit is not completed thru relay 93 and the switch 86 will remain in its upward or normal position.l

that the dog 52 has engaged. the

, The dot or short impulse is followed by a space,

' causing relay I0 to become deenergized andthe a dash and another dot, or as considered inelectrical terms an electrical impulse of short dura-. tion followed by another impulse of short duration which isfollowed by an' impulse of longer duration vand this by another electrical impulse of-short duration, this combination of short andv longelectrical impulses going to make up the code combination for the letter F.

In Figure 1 the ratchet means 45 isshown -in its starting position for reception of a code group,

' disengaged from the stop lug 13 and the dog 53 of the j Since the switches 46 and 41 are on the same shaft 49 with '75 moved down and engaged bythe tooth 54 friction rotated ratchet wheel 48.

lsistor 23 to ground 24.

armature I'Fireturned by the spring I8' to make contact with the contact I 9. This inturn connects the relays 2| and 22g' into the' circuit from battery line 20, armaturefllcontact |8, parallel connected relays 2| and 22, thru variable re- Now then the spaces between characters of a.l combination, or dots and dashes of a combination, being of' short duration land equal to one' dot, will not @crateeither of the relays 2| or 22, as relayiijis similar in operation to relay 40, and relay'22 in addition to being a slow operating relay, lisslower yet than relay 2|, therefore relay 2| will-always operate before relay 22? opens the v circuit :at-3|.4 The circuit is now open to the relay 60 allowing the armature 89 to be pulled upward by the spring JI, thus releasing the dog 52' and allowing thev ratchet wheel .48 to move another step forward with the dog 53 now engaging the ratchet tooth 55. As in `Figure 5,-the segment 8| of the rotati-ng switch 46 isnow engaging the spring contact ilngers 30 of the solenoids T and E of the bank 15 .ratchet means 4l ergized attractsiits lnection to be made at the keeping the the switch Il or anywhere engaging contact i plete circuit thru bination for the'letter "F" .to be actuated. which "'solenoidbank 10 as n of the contact arm v|02 and the segment 04 is at and grounding them but. as neither or the relays 2| or 22 have been actuated, neither vof the will be energized to operate a key of the typewriter.

The second impulse in the combination for the letter ,F" is also of short duration and appears immediately following the. first dot and space. Now then, when the second impulse is received, the relay .l 'is operated which in turn causes the ing switch arm |02 on the segment |00 of the switch 41 and placing the relay 04 in condition tol-be actuated if and when relay 40 is actuated, as the circuit is never complete until amature I2 of relay 40 has closed the circuit at 43, and as the second impulse is of short duration it will not cause the relay. 4l to actuate, therefore the circuit is left open thru the relay 9 4, with the switch 01'in its upward normal position asin Figure 1.

The second impulse is immediately followed by a 'space and this space followed by a third impulse which is of longer duration. This will actuate the ratchet means 4l and will cause" the slow acting relay 40 to actuate its amature 442 causing the relay 0I to be operated thru the circuit: batteryi I. switch Il, 20, 2t, armature 42, 43. |04, |00, rotating switch arm |02, .segment |01 and thru relay 90 to ground. The relay $0 being enarmature- SB and causes a consame time operatesthe switch arms of the switch 00 in a downward switches 00 to 00 mal position for are moved downward by. their respective relays remain in an upward or norpletedfrom' battery Il, switch I0, 20.04,/00, armature 00 of relay 0l, 0l' and thru relay 00 to ground, thereby completing this circuit and relay ll energized even after the moving-contact |02 has moved to another segment of the switch 41. This circuit will therefore remain closed until the circuit is opened vat in series with thecircuit to the battery I I.

Now then. as the third or long impulse fol lowed by a space of short duration the armature I1 cf relay i0 is returned to the position 'as shown l0; also the shaft 40 of the switch 40 has now been rotated to a-position where the segment 00 makes contact with vthe contact fingers l of the solenoid bank 11 and connects the solenoids 11 to groundv at 40'. In view of the fact that the space following the third electrical impulse isofI short durationit will not cause the relay 2| tobe actuated, neither the relayl22,l therefore we will not have a comthe solenoid bank 11 vinto and none bank will be caused to operate.

'Ihe fourth and last impulse of the code comfollows a space'of position as in Figure l. Itmay here be well to mention that the solenoid selector of these solenoids in this soienoids in the naar i to operate, moving the rotate contact 90 and at the the lshort impulses or dots and ing relay til the circuit is closed by the slow being equal to `tact 21, but as relay l another circuit beginning 9,323,155 thru shaft 40 to ground 40',

i0 is `de-energired. As mentioned. the contact arm |02 of switch 41 is now making conbut this relay 00 cannot be caused to actuate unacting relay 4 0, therefore .the relay 00 'will not operate the selector switch 09 on the'fourth impulse as it is of short duration and the armature |1 of relay I0 has now been returned, breaking connection at the contact I0.

turned to the position shown making connection with the contact I0 completes the circuit to" relays 2| and 22 which are sluggish in operation, this circuit being battery i0, Il, l20, armature |1, contact |0,relay 2|, variable resistor 20, and to ground24. A' solenoid bank 10 is'now only open atrthe point between the armature 20 of the relay2| and Now then, as the amount of time elapsed after the fourth and last impulse is'greaterthan the spacing time between any of` the electrical impulses for that combination, (this spacing time vone energized for a period cf time sumcient'to draw itsarmature 20 into engagement'withvthe cori 22, which is connected in the same circuit is slower yet in operation than the relay 2|, this relay 22will not have had time to actuate, even after relay 2l has actuated. At this point a circuit will be c'ompletedfrom 21 thru armature 20, contact 0|,- 22. and down thru solenoid 00 to ground 0 4. This solenoid Il employed to cause the typewriter to maire spaces,

girdless of whether a not each time the relay 2| l or 22 is actuated. Upon actuaucncr the -solenoid 2| we have at line 02' and completing the circuit thru e of the key actuating solenoids, causing only o e letter and one only to be typed on-the typewriter. This circuitAs completed thru-a of switch 00, b, c, and as segment u is not active the circuit' is not completed thru solenoid bank 15 and continues on thru switch 01 to d, e, and as segment 02 is not active the solenoidjbank 10 will not be actuated and the circuit continues on from e to f, up thru a to h,

solenoid k. and as the segment 04 is now connecting the bank .of solenoids 10 thru the shaft i 40 to ground 40', the solenoid Itypewritenlrey for the letter F," causing this k will vactuate the letter alone to be typed.

The open circuiting switch Il is adapted to open momentarily c ach vtime a key of the typewriter has been operated and while shown in lFigure 1 for convenience only as being operated by the armature of the solenoid 1l", this" switch is intended t0 be associated with the spacing bar mechanism of the typewriter whereby the switch Il will be opened each time that a letter or'char.- acter is typed or a space made. As will be seen, when the switch I0 is opened allcircuits of the receiver will be open circuited. 'This causes sevshort duration and causes the ratchet means Il v the end of the last impulse andvafter .the receiy- @inFigurelso eral things to happen. VFirst the relays Il to tact with the segment |00 leading to relay 00,-

The amature Vi1 when recircuit thru the dash) the relay2l will bel 01 will have been 4cleared and their. switch actuvating armatures returned by the springs I2 to 'next thing that h ppens is used to rotate -in the normal position. The the ratchet means 4l is' direction of the arrow to a normal positionvas that it may be ready` to start at the beginning again for another letter. Opening of the switch Il opensthecircuit to the relay 0| whereby its armature 00 is pulled down by the spring 00..-The armature- 00 being pivoted vautomatically returned without at 61 withdraws the dogs 62 and 53 from engagement by the teeth of the ratchet wheel 48 so that the wheel is free to turn and moving with it the shaft 49 whereby the switches 46 and 41 are stop lug 13 when it engages the stop arxn 12 causes the ratchet. wheel 48 to be stopped at the position shown in Figure l. As the switch l is only opened momentarily, until the typewriter key has been returned to normal, lthe relay 6| l0- isagain energized and attracts its amature 66, whereby the stop arm 12 aleases the stop lug 13 and the dog 52 moves down and is engaged bythe tooth 54 of the ratchet wheel as in Figure 3. With reference to Figure 3, all of the 15 code groups begin at this point with the switch arm |02 of th'e switch 41 always on segment |05 during the first impulse as in Figure 4, and thesegment 8| of the switch 46 always engaging the contacts 88 of the solenoid bank 15 at theend A20 of the ilrst impulse as in Figure 5.

If the code combinationV foria certain letter consists of three impulses the segment 83 ofthe switch 46 will always engage the contact iingers 80 of the third solenoid bankv 11 at the end of the 25 combination. If the letter consists of a combination of four electrical impulses the segment 84 will make connection with the fourth solenoid -bank 18 at the end of the code combination, and so on for'any code letter group, while the con- 30 tact arm |02 of theswitch 41 always makes connection with the segment for the proper relay 93 etc., depending upon the impulse received so that' the relay will be actuated in case the relay operates.

35 After the lette1:.F, or any other letter has been typed and the switches all returned to normal and thecircuits closed again, the armature |1 of relay llengages contact lli and connects relays 2| and 22 into the circuit thru resistor 23 40 to ground 24, and if no electrical impulses linmediately follow the rst code group the relay 2| will be caused to operate and as no circuit is completed thru any of the solenoid banks but is completed .thru the spacing coil 33 to ground 34, 4 5

when the relay 2|; is actuated no letter will be typed but a space will be made as between two words in a sentence. Now then if still no further electrical impulses are received at Brthe relay 22;

will have had time toopera-te and will in turn cause its amature 28,to be `drawn awayfrom the flexible contact 3| into engagement with contact 30 thus momentarily making and breaking the. circuit to the spacing coil solenoid 33 and causes another space to occur, the same `as between the 55 end of one and the beginning of a new sentence. From this it will therefore be seenthat letters will be spaced, words will also have the `correct spacing between them, and also the correct spaces will occur between sentences as in any ordinary typed letter. r) With reference now to the'carriage actuating .coil or solenoid 353 contacts 36 and 31, this means acts to cause the carriage of the typewriter to be words attbe end of atyped line. The contacts 36 and 31 form'a carriage return switch, the

by cause the armature 28 to make contactwithd contacts 29 and 3o. During typing of a une. nothing ordinarily occursl upon contactpf th`75 Y the scope of the following claims.

breaking up armaturel 28 with the contacts 29 and 30 except spacing, but the instant the grounded contact bar 31 moves to a point where it engages contact 36, and thereby closing the circuit thru solenoid returned to a normal or starting position. The 5 35 to ground 98, the solenoid 35 is energized and actuates a key which in turn will cause the carriage of the typewriter to be returned-so that a new paragraph or line may be started..

As will be seen, the key actuating solenoids in:

each bank 15 to 19 are separate and are only connected together by their respective segments 8| arrangement as employed in automatic telephone systems.

Changes in detailmay be made to the form of the invention herein shownand described Without departing from the spirit of the invention or 1. In a printing telegraph receiver, a receiv- `ing relay responsive to code signal impulses of long and short duration, a normally closed local circuit, electromechanical switching means for,

the localcircuit, means for controlling the electromechanical switching means thru response of the receiving relay to code signal'impulses,l

and a key actuated open circuiting switch for opening rthe local circuit and permitting said switching means to be restored to a starting position upon completion of eachg'roup of code characters.

2. In a printing telegraph receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses of long and short duration, a normally closed local circuit,'means responsive' to actuation of the receiving relay for typing the characters whichare represented. byv the code signals received, and a key actuated open circuiting switch for the local circuit for restoration of the receiver 'to a starting condition upon completion of each group of code characters. 4

l3. In a printing telegraph receiver, a receiving 'relay responsive to code signal impulses of long and short duration, a local circuit, normally open printing circuits, a pair of relays alternately connecting the printing circuits into the local cir'- cuit, and selector switching means in each printfing circuit and controlled by the receiving relay.

longand short duration, a local circuit, a dash i relay inthe local circuit respcnsive only to impulses of. long duration, a space relay in the local circuit responsive only to intervals of equal duration as that of'the long impulses, a switch controlled bythe.. receiving relay for alternately energizing the dash and the lspace relays, and selector printing circuits controlled by the dash and space relays.

5. In a printing receiving apparatus, a receiving circuit including a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses, a local circuit separate from the receiving circuit, a normally open slow vacting dash relay, and a normally energized slow acting space relay in thelocal circuit and alternately controlled by the receiving relay, a.- prlnting circuit controlled by the space relay and u lincluding selector switch means, and circuit selector `means controlled by the dash relay for operationof'theselector switch means. A

6. In a printing code receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signalimpulses, a local circuit including a normally open printing circuit and a normally open selector circuit, a slow acting relay for closing the printing circuit, a slow acting relay forclosing the selectorcircuit,

a switch controlled bycthe receiving relay for alternately energizing the slow acting relays, a spacing solenoid energized by actuation of the slow acting relay in the printing circuit, and

means f or energizing the spacing solenoid va second time after the printing circuit has beenclosed for a given interval of time. l 7. In a printing code receiver, a receiving rej lay responsive to code signal impulses, a local circuit, a slow acting dash relay and a slow acting space relay in the local circuit and alternately energized by the receiving relay, a second slower acting space relay in circuit with the ilrst mentionedv space relay, a spacing solenoid energizedrby actuation oi' said iirst space relay, a.

switch controlled by said second space relay for energizing the spacing" solenoid a second time.. and printing circuits controlled by the slow act-- ing relays. f

.8. In a printing code receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses, a local' circuit, a slow acting'dash relay and a slow acting space relay in the local circuit and alterlnately energized by the receiving relay. a second slower acting space relay in circuit with the first mentioned space relay, a spacing solenoid energized by,actuation of said first space relay, a switch controlled by said second space relay for energizing the spacing solenoid a second time, a

" carriage return coil,l and a second switch controlled by said-second space relay for energizing the carriage return coil. y

l9. In a printing telegraph receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses,. I .local circuits controlledy by the receiving relay including slow acting signal routing relays, selector switch means for the routed' signals, actuating means for the selector switch means and controlled by the receiving relay, a spacing bar solenoid controlled by certain of the slow acting relays, a carriage return coil in the local circuit, and a key actuated open circuiting switch means ior the local circuit momentarily operable for opening the local circuit upon printing of a character.

10. In a printing code receiver, a receiving reactuating the selector switch means each4 time the receiving relay is actuated.

1l. In a printing codereceiver. a receiving relay responsive to code-.signal impulses, a local circuit, a normally open slowacting dash relay in the local circuit, a normally energized slow acting space relay in the local circuit, a switch controlled by the receiving relay for opening the 5 space relay and energizing the dash relay each time the receiving relay is energized by a signal impulse, selector switch means for routing the received impulses, and means for .progressively actuating the selector switch means each time l0 the receiving relay is actuated, including a nor-v mally torsioned ratchet wheel, a pair of dogs alternately cacting with the ratchet wheel t'o permit stepped rotation of the wheel, a constantly energized relay normally urging one of the dogs into holding engagement with the ratchet wheel,

and a second relay energized upon actuation of y the receivingrelay for releasing the first dog and engagirm the other dog with the ratchet wheel.

12. In a printing code receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses, a local l energized circuit controlled bythe receiving relay, banks of key actuating solenoids in the local circuit, slow acting space relays in circuit with said solenoids, switch segments progressively connecting the solenoids of each bank in the circuit, selector switch means for the solenoids, and a slow acting dash relay controlling the local circuit to the selector switch means.

13, In a printing code receiver, a receiving relay responsive to code signal impulses, a local energized circuit controlled by the receiving relay, banks of key actuating solenoids in the local circuit, slow acting space relays in circuit with said solenoids, switch segments progressively connecting the solenoids of each bank in the circuit, solenoid selectorswitch means for each' bank of solenoids,'a holding relay for each of said switch means, a selector switch for the holding relays, and a slow acting dash relay con- 40 trolling the circuit to the selector switch.

14. In a. printing code receiver, a receiving ,velay responsive to code signal impulses, va

local circuit controlled by the receiving relay, banks oi independent `key actuating solenoids in the local circuit, switch segments for progressively connecting each bank of solenoids in the local circuit, selector switches for the solenoids of each bank of solenoids, and actuating means for the switches responsiveto impulses of long duration.

l5. In a printing code receiver a local energized circuit controlled by code signal impulses, two normally energized parallel connected retarded space relays one beingoperable upon intervals ottime between code groups oi' impulses and thether of said relays being slower in action than the ilrst and operable upon intervals o! time between words, a retarded dash relay operable upon impulses of long duration, im-

pulse controlled means alternately connecting the space relays and the dash relay in circuit, and a printing circuit controlled by said relays.

' Loma sQnosE.

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