US2321857A

US2321857A - Container

Info

Publication number: US2321857A
Application number: US312806A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harry F Rigerman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-01-08
Filing date: 1940-01-08
Publication date: 1943-06-15
Anticipated expiration: 1960-06-15

Description

CONTAINER Filed Jan. 8, 1940 INVENTOR HARRY F. RIGERMAN Patented `lune 15, 1943 UNITED 'EES P'EENT man QFFECE 10 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in containers, and particularly to the end closure meansy'thereof.

The provision of a container and end closure means therefor that is capable of safely carrying considerable loads has been a serious problem in the industry for a long period of time.

Another problem that has confronted the industry has been the provision of end closure means that are easy to apply at the time the container is loaded and also that are easy to remove When it is desired to gain access to the contents of the container after the closure member has been applied to the container.

The present invention is especially directed to the provisionof a, container and closure means therefor capable of carrying heavy loads and safely withstanding the rough treatment encountered by such containers in transit and otherwise,

While the number of materials that may be designated as heavy materials is of great magnitude, it will suice, for the purposes of this disclosure, vto mention one such type of material, namely, nails.

Nail kegs or containers must carry heavy loads and must withstand very rough treatment in handling. They must `be capable of withstanding the shocks incident to being dropped on their edges from considerable distances without collapsing and without permitting the end closure means to become disengaged, either partially or entirely, from the shell of the container.

The present invention will be better understood vby reference to the appended drawing, in which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of the top of a container embodying the present invention, and prior to being sealed; and

Figure 2 is a view similar to that of Figure l, except that the end closure means is shown in the fastened position; and

' Fig-ure 3 is a sectional view of a part of the container takenl along the` line of 3 3 of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 i's a perspective View of one modification of the sealing means embodied in the present invention; and

Figure 5 is a sectional View similar to that shown in Figure 3, but illustrating a different type of end closure plate; and

Figure 6 is a sectional view similar to Figures 3' and 5, but showing still another type of end closure plate; and

Figure 7 isv a perspective View, showing in detail a portion of another sealing means embodied in the present invention.

In the drawing, the same reference numerals will be used throughout for the same parts.

The container illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a shell I of any suitable material, a reinforcing band 2, also of any suitable material, tightly embracing the shell I at the top thereof, a top'closure means 3, comprising a disc-like member or plate 4 having a concentric inwardlyprojecting corrugation 5 formed therein and a chime strip 6 attached to said .disc-like member or plate, and a plurality of detents 'I projecting above the top of the container. In Figure 2, the elements illustrated are the same, excepting that the detents 'I have been turned down from their upright positions so that, as illustrated, they engage the chime strip 6 and, by such engagement, hold Vthe end closure means 3 in close engagement withthe shell I.

The elements briey referred to in connection with Figures 1 and 2 are shown in more detail in Figures 3, 4 and 5.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the shell I is shown as having an inwardly-projecting bulge I0 running circumferentially thereof, and the band 2 as having a similar inwardly-projecting bulge II registering with the concave side of the bulge Ii] of the shell.

The end closurev means illustrated in Figure 3 comprises a metal disc-like member 4 having an inwardly-projecting corrugation 5' formed therein and a circumferential channel I2 also formed therein and tightly embracing a chime strip 6 of any sui-table material. Located between the inner face of the shell I', Aon the one hand, and the chime strip 6 and channel i2 of the end closure plate, onthe other hand, is shown the lower portion I3 of the .detent l. of the detent 'I shown as projecting beyond the top of the container in Figure 1 is shown bent down in Figure 3.` As shown in Figure 3, one

leg I4 of the detent 'I is shown bent over the top of the drum and downV on the outside of the drum in engagement with the reinforcing band 2. The other leg. i5 of the detent 'l is shown bent over the topof the-chime strip 6 and down and against the inner face of the chime strip The details ofthe particular detent shown' in Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and. 6 are more fully shown in Figure 4i. As shown there, thedetent- 'll comprises the main body portion I3,` two upwardly-extending leg portions I5 and I6, respectively, a leg portion Ul extending normally to the main body portion I3 and downwardly with respect thereto,

The portion and a channel portion I'I having one edge I8 thereof serrated. The detent thus illustrated and described is formed of any suitable material, for example, a metal such as iron or steel, and is placed in the position, as shown in the drawing, between the inner face of the shell I and the chime strip 6, with the inner face of the channel I1 registering with the bulge Iil of the shell I. Vhen so positioned, the leg I4 extends over the top of the shell and the reinforcing band in engagement therewith, and then projects downwardly in engagement with the top outer face of the reinforcing band 2. When the detent is lirst positioned between the shell and the chime strip, the upwardly-extending legs will be in the positions illustrated in Figure l. Then, when it is desired to fasten the end closure plate 4, the upwardly-projecting legs I5 and IE are bent over the top of the chime strip and downwardly along the inner face of the chime strip and into engagement therewith.

'Ihe modification of the present invention illustrated in Figure 5 comprises the same shell and reinforcing band construction as is illustrated in the other modifications of the invention and differs from such other modifications in that the end closure disc is Without the concentric inwardly-projecting corrugation 5 and has, instead, a plate in one plane and a chime strip 2| formed of the same material and integrally with the plate, as illustrated. The application of the detent 'I to the shell and to the end closure means is the same for the modification illustrated in Figure 5 as it is in the modification shown in Figure 3.

The modification of the present invention illustra-ted in Figure 6 differs from that of the other modifications in that the closure means comprises a wooden plate in place of the metal plates employed in the other modifications and in that each of the legs l5 and I6 of the detent is provided with a punched-out tooth 26, which is driven into the Wood, as illustrated. The section of the detent 1 as shown in Figure 6 differs from that shown in Figure 3 in that it is taken through the leg I6 instead of the leg I4, as is the case in Figure 3.

The detent embodied in this invention may be modified in various ways, one of which is that illustrated in Figure '7. As illustrated in that iigure, the detent has a number of upstanding legs 30, which is in excess of the two legs I5 and I6 as illustrated in connection with the modifications previously illustrated and described, and also a plurality of downwardly-projecting legs 3| instead of the one such leg illustrated in the previous modiiications.

The modification illustrated in Figure 7 may embrace any desired number of legs and may be of such length that it extends completely around the inner face of the shell of the container and has its ends abutting, or at least in close proximity.

'Ihe inward projection of the corrugation 5 of the closure plate or disc 4 and its location with respect to the outer edge of the plate or disc 4 are of importance in providing a suitable closure plate for a container. By providing an inwardlyprojecting corrugation located relatively close t0 the periphery of the plate or disc, a closure member of great strength is obtained.

The inwardly-projecting corrugation 5 is located so that its outer periphery has a maximum diameter equal to the over-al1 diameter (in inches) of the plate 4 less the product obtained by multiplying the over-all diameter of the plate (in inches) by 4 (2.31/1-1) in which d is the over-all diameter of the plate (inches), and a minimum diameter equal to the over-all diameter of the plate less the product obtained by multiplying the over-all diameter of the plate (in inches) by in which d is the over-all diameter of the plate (in inches).

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the plate or disc 4 is provided with a concentric inwardly-projecting corrugation whose outer periphery has a diameter equal to the arithmetric mean of the maximum and minimum values obtained as described above. Expressed differently, the plate 4 of the preferred embodiment has a concentric inwardly-projecting corrugation whose outer periphery is equal to the over-all diamter of the plate less the product obtained by multiplying the over-all diameter of the plate by 5 s (asu/d-n in which d is the over-all diameter of the plate.

Inasmuch as the depth of the inwardly projecting corrugation and its width at the Widest portion are functions of the diameter of the plate and of the thickness of the metal used for the plate, and since those skilled in the art of forming sheet metal objects know how to proportion a corrugation to give maximum rigidity to a metal plate oi a particular diameter and gauge, it is not considered necessary to specify such details for all cases. However, a corrugation having a depth of seven-sixteenths (fg) of an inch and a width at its open side of one and threeeighths (1%) of an inch provides satisfactory reinforcement for a ten and one-half (101/2) inch diameter plate of twenty (20) gauge steel.

The closure member of that embodiment of the present invention illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 is made by spinning or otherwise forming a iiat disc of metal, for example, steel, to provide a concentric corrugation located as described above, and to provide a channel at the outer portion for receiving a chime strip, which may be of any suitable material, such as Wood, vulcanized bre or paper board. The chime strip is placed in the channel I2 and fastened therein b-y pressing the walls of the channel into close engagement with the chime strip so that the chime strip is joined to the metal plate and can be removed therefrom only with difficulty.

While the shell I of the container may be of any suitable material, the preferred shell is made by tightly winding a continuous strip of paper onto a mandrel of suitable size until the desired thickness is obtained. At least the beginning portion and the end portion of the paper should be attached to the surfaces of the paper contiguous thereto by a suitable adhesive such as glue, and usually the entire strip is coated on one side with glue just prior to its being wound on the mandrel. While the thus-formed shell still is damp, the bulge II is formed therein near the top and a similar bulge is formed near the bottom, and then the shell thus formed is set aside they are formed to register with th'e peripheral depressions or concave sides ofthe bulges formed in the shell at the top andthe bottom. By thus forming the reinforcing bands on a previously dried shell, no adhesive is necessary for' joining the bands to the shell because they, too, shrink in drying and thus are intimately joined to the Shen' ,A .o

` A chime strip formed by tightly wrapping paper in the manner described yabove in connection with the container shell -is particularly suitable for a container embodying the'present invention. f

A container constructed in the manner herein described has great strength and is capable of carrying heavy materials because of the degree of yieldability existing in the structure, particularly at the ends thereof.

Probably the vgreatest difficulty in providing a container lfor heavy materials has been that of obtaining a suitable closure member and fastening means therefor because containers laden with heavy materials are handled roughly and fre- -quently are permitted to drop considerable distances, and on one edge of the container.

A container having a rigid closure member fails under such treatment because of its rigidity. One frequent cause of failure of the end portion of a container is that upon being dropped, while heavily laden, onto one edge, the shell naturalljr yields somewhat and goes out of round. An end plate, on the other hand, that is rigid and unyielding does not yield with the shell and either buckles or rips out the means by which the end closure member is attached to the body, or both buckling and such ripping out of the attaching members, takes place.

The closure member of the present invention has none of the defects of the closure members heretofore known and, when joined to a shell of suitable strength, provides a structure that is capable of carrying heavy loads and withstanding exceedingly rough treatment.

The inwardly-projecting concentric corrugation of the closuremember reduces the buckling of the plate to a minimum and is not to 'be confused with an outwardly-projecting corrugation. The inwardly-projecting corrugation located as herein described introduces sufficient yieldability to avoid the defects of a rigid plate, and at the same time, provides sufficient strength to keep the plate in shape.

While it is difficult to denitely explain why an end plate with an inwardly-projecting concentric corrugation will with stand more abuse than one having an outwardly-projecting corrugation, it is a fact that such is the case. Actual dropping tests have proved conclusively that a plate with an inwardly-projecting concentric corrugation will withstand many more falls than a closure member having an outwardly-projecting corrugation.

Without meaning to limit the invention in any way, the action of the closure member of the present invention may -be attributed to the manner in which the closure member acts, due to the momentum of the material contained in the container. Actual dropping tests indicate that the Vclosure member 'ofthev present' invention tends to'expand and thereby maintain intimate 'Contact .bet e' 'the 'C hline 'Strip' andV the'Shell when themomentum of the' contents 'of'the contain'erls directed Lagainst the' end Closure means by virtue oi the Sudden Stopping of the container when it ldrops uponth'e licor Jor other surface. On the other hand, actual dropping tests indicate that 'an end closure member having an outwardly-projecting corrugation buckles in the center portion, an'dsuch'buckling causes the plate to exert a lever actionon the chime strip and thereby causes'the rivets, clips, staples or stitchingsto' pull out and thereby permit disengagement of the end closure means from the shell.

Having'thus described my invention,`I`claim:

LA container comprising ay shellhaving a shoulder onits interior and near its end, a closure in engagement with said shoulder and a detent located`between the inner face ofsaid shell and the edge portion of ysaid closure plate, said detent comprising a channel portion registering with and in engagement with the in* wardly-projecting shoulder of said shell and'having bendable legs projecting beyond the top of said shell.

2. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on'its interiorand near its end, a closure in engagement with said shoulder and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the edge portion of said closure plate, said detent comprising a serrated channel portion registering with and in engagement with the inwardly-projecting shoulder of said shell and having bendable legs projecting beyond the top of said shell.

3. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the chime strip of said closure plate.

4. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interi-or and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said Plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the chime strip of said closure plate, said detent comprising a channel portion registering with and in engagement with the inwardly-projecting shoulder lof said shell and having bendable legs projecting beyond the top of said shell.

5. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement ,With said shoulder, said closure plate com-prising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the chime strip of said closure plate, said detent comprising a serrated channel portion registering with and in engagement with the inwardly-.projecting shoulder of said shell and having -bendable legs projecting beyond the top of said shell.

6. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, said concentric corrugation having a mean radius greater than one-half of the radius of the end closure plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the edge portion of said closure plate.

7. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, said concentric corrugation having a mean radius of from ve-eighths to three-fourths of the radius of the end closure plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the edge portion of said closure plate.

8. A container comprising a shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal lplate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, said Vconcentric corrugation having a mean radius of approximately eleven-sixteenths of the radius of the en'd closure plate, and a detent located between the inner-face of said shell and the edge .portion of said closure plate.

9. A. container comprising a continuously wound'paper shell having a shoulder on its interior and near its end, and a closure plate in engagementwith said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a continuously wound lpaper chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, and a detent located between the inner face of said shell and the edge portion of said closure plate.

10. A paper shell and a continuously wound paper reinforcing band tightly embracing said shell at an end thereof, and a closure plate in engagement with said shoulder, said closure plate comprising a metal plate with a concentric corrugation projecting inwardly of the container, and a chime strip fastened into a channel located at the periphery of said plate, and a detent lo cated between the inner face of said shell and the edge portion of said closure plate.

HARRY F. RIGERMAN.