US2315363A

US2315363A - Plural scoop scraper

Info

Publication number: US2315363A
Application number: US333154A
Authority: US
Inventors: Raymond Q Armington; Stewart F Armington
Original assignee: Euclid Road Machinery Co
Current assignee: Euclid Road Machinery Co
Priority date: 1940-05-03
Filing date: 1940-05-03
Publication date: 1943-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 1960-03-30

Description

March 30, 1943. R, Q- ARMlNGTON TAL 2,315,363

PLURAL SCOOP S CRAPER Filed May 3, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet l PLURAL SCOOP SCRAPER Filed May 5, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEYS March 30, 1943.

R. Q. ARMINGTON ETAL PLURAL scooP SCRAPER Filed May 3, 1940 Fla-4- 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Maw/W ATTO RNEY March 30, 1943 R. Q. ARMINGTON ET A1. 2,315,363

PLURAL SCOP SCRAPER Filed May 5, 1940 4 sheets-sheet 4 FIG.- 5

Flo-6 76 66 INVENTORS RAYMOND Q. ARMINGTON a sTEwA5T F. ARMlNcroN Piamed Mar. 3o, 1943 Raymond Q. Armingto n, Shaker Heights, and

Stewart F. Armington, Willoughby, Ohio, asslgnors' to The Euclid Road Machinery Company, Euclid, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application May 3, 1940, Serial No. 333,154

4 Claims. This inventionv relates 'to improvements in scrapers for moving earth'or the like; and par- A ticularly where one scraper frame lsupports a plurality of scoops, buckets or other working elements.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a self-powered scraper unit having front and rear wheels, wherein the irontwheels are used for driving and the rear wheels for steering, and a forwardly opening scoop is provided in front of the front wheels. Such a scraper provides a maximum of tractive effort, enables the operator to fill in ditches and culverts, provides easy maneuverability and provides a vehicle well adapted to cooperate with another vehicle where the tractive effort of two vehicles is required to produce a given result.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-contained scraper unit providing earth moving scoops located on opposite sides of a driving axle and wherein each scoop is equipped with a iront closing gate, a rear ejecting gate and independent means for raising and lowering the scoop. A

Another objecty of the present invention is to provide a self-powered scraper unit having the driving axle at the forward end, a power unit at the rear end, an earth moving scoop carried at an intermediate portion of the scraper and driving means comprising a drive line from the rear power unit to the forward driving axle and arched over the intermediate scoop.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a scraper unit wherein an earth moving scoop is hung in cantilever fashion with respect to a driving axle behind it so that every bit of load added to the scoop increases the tractive effort on the vdrive wheels so that the heavier the load in the scoop the greater the effort which may be produced to complete the iilling of the scoop.l

Another object of the present invention is to provide a scraper in which an earth moving scoop is supported adjacent an axle by draft links which extend to the other side of that axle whereby novel and important operating characteristics are provided.

Other objects and advantages in the present` vinvention consist in the novel arrangement of a in a wheel driven vehicle A wherein the scoops are wide enough to clear a l plurality of scoops track for the wheels, together with special structural arrangements providing novel raising and lowering characteristics of the scoops and a novel arrangement of the parts whereby a scoop located at the forward end of a scraper maybe used as n a bulldozer blade, all of which will appear from the accompanying specification and drawings and the essential features thereof will be summarized in the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of one form of scraper embodying the present invention; Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of the iront scoop of Fig. 1 showing the scoop in digging position; Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevational view of the rear scoop of Fig. l showing the scoop in digging position; Fig. 4 is an enlarged top plan view of the rear portion of Fig. 1 with the bowl in digging position and WithV certain parts removed so as to more clearly indicate the steering mechanism and -scoop structure; Fig. 5 is an env larged top plan view of the front scoop of Fig. 2

and operating mechanism therefor; while Figs. 6 v

and 7 are sectional views taken substantially along similarly numbered lines of Fig. 2.

In the drawings, Fig. l represents a scraper embodying many of the featuresv of the present invention and comprising generally a rigid frame I0 having a pair of front driving wheels ii which in the present instance are nonsteerable, and a pai-r of rear wheels I2 with means for steering the latter. An internal combustion engine mounted upon the frame is indicated at I3 and having a drive shaft I4 leading to a transmission case i5 and thence through an arched driving shaft i6 to the front axle l1. It is thought special details of the drive-need not be illustrated save to point out that the drive shaft i8 includes universal joints IB where necessary, the drive being to the usual diierential axle housed .in the casing I9 surrounding the axle il.' The frame i0 as best seen in Figs. 4 and 5, comprises a pair of rigid members Ia extending from front to rear of the scraper and having a supporting structure 20 for carrying the axle I1 and housing I9 in suitable position beneath the forward portion of the frame. The steering arrangements will' be best understoodvfrom Figs. 1 and 4 and comprise a steering column' 2i connected by a transfer arm.22 with column 23 which in turn is connected by drag link 24 with the usualsteering knuckles 25 for steerine the wheels i2 which are supported by the usual kingpin structure. It will be `noted vthat the wheels I2 are much smaller'than the wheels li because the bulk of the load is concentrated on the wheels Il and smaller wheels are easier to steer.. Preferably rubber tires are used on all wheels and those on Wheels Il are generally tractor-type tires which give a powerful digging effect which is later described. The rear axle 28 is suitextend the full width of the scoop.

ably supported beneath the frame i8 by the substructure.

The rear scoop 28 comprises a pair of substantially parallel side walls 28 connected by means of a bottom 88' providing a scoop which is normally open at both the front and the rear thereof.

' the walls 28 and Just to the rear of the cutting blade 88 is provided another box beam 84 which ties together the side walls, strengthens the boty tom and reinforces the cutting blade. 'I'he vscoop 28 is supported for vertical movement relative to the frame I by'means of two drag links, one at each side of the scraper. These drag links are pivotally connected at 86 by means of pins l cutting edge 89.

88' with a box beam structure 88 which in turn is rigidlymounted at the forward ends of the frame members |0a. The drag links 88 are welded to and form 'a portion of the side walls 28 of the scoop 28. It will be noted that the connection of these drag links is at the ends of the beams 8| and 82 which gives a very strong construction. A web 81 is welded to each side' wall 28 at right angles thereto and extends from the drag link 85 to a point near the box beam 84. A bracket -88' welded to the drag link 38 and to the web 81 supports at each side of the scoop the pivot pins 88 for the front gate 48. This gate comprises side arms 48a connected with the pivot pins 88, which arms oscillate outside the plates 28 between the position of Fig. 1 and that of Fig. 3. The arms 48a are reinforced by plates 4| welded to the outside thereof and the gate 48 is reinforced by a plate 42 U-shape in section and best seen in Fig. 3. 'I'his plate as well as gate 40 and another reinforcing plate 48 near the bottom of the gate a plate 4l. 'I'he ejector gate 44 comprises a curved plate 44a supported between a pair of side arms and reinforced by an L-shape member 44b which is welded to the rear wall thereof and extends from side to side of the scoop. The means for manipulating the scoop 28 comprises a hoisting jack 48, the cylinder of which is mounted on trunnions` v48 which are supported by a bracket structure 88 mounted on the frame members Ila near the center line oi' the scraper. The piston.

rod 8| of this jack is pivotally connected at 82 with a bracket mounted upon the beam 8|. I'he front gate 48 is operated by a jack 88, the cylinder of which is pivotally mounted on trunnions 84- lwhich are supported by bracket ears 88 mounted on the beam 8| near one side of the scoop. 'I'he piston rod I8 of this jack is pivotally connected at l1 to a bracket on the gate 48. The rear ejector gate 44 is operated by means of a jack 88 which is mounted on trunnions 88 supported byl bracket 88 on beam 8|. The piston rod 8| of this jack 88 is pivotally connected at 82 to a bracket 88 on'reini'orcing member 44h. 1

vIl'lg. 2.

It will be noted that the particular mounting of the scoop 28 on the long drag links 85 pivoted on the frame at the other side of axle i1, permits the mounting of scoop 28 close to the wheels and adapted for movement in a vertical direction in a very shallow arc about the pivot points 38.

The front scoop 84 comprises a pair of parallel side plates 85 connected together by an arcuate bottom 88. At their upper rear portions the side plates are connected by the torque tube 6l somewhat triangular in section and providing a box beam extending between the side plates. Along the outside of each side plate is welded a channel 88 with its web outermost, the channel being of deeper section at the upper rear portion of the side walls 88 and becoming shallower as it extends forwardly and downwardly to a point near the A box beam l0 ties the side walls and bottom together just to the rear of the cutting edge. Welded to each side wall is an A frame 1| comprising channel members 12 welded at their bottoms to the plate 65 near the front andl rear of the scoop and converging at the top where they are united by a plate 18 which supports the pivot pins 14 for arms 'l5 upon which is mounted the front ejector gate 16. As best seen in Fig. 2 this comprises a straight plate 16a relnforced at the top by a bent plate structure providing a box beam 11 extending from side to side of the scoop along the top of the ejector gate.

The side plates v65 are also connected together by a box beam 'I8 hexagonal in section which supports the jacks for operating the front and rear gates. At their upper extremity the plates 88v are connected together by a box beam 18 Vhexagonal in section. Means is provided for moving the scoop 84-in a vertical direction from the carrying position of Fig. 1 to the digging position of Fig. 2. 'Ihis means comprises a pair of links 88 and a pair of links 8|. The links 88 are pivotally mounted at their forward end on brackets 82 carried by beam 18. The links 88 are pivotally mounted at their rear end on bosses 88 mounted on forward extensions of the frame members Illu. The links 8| are vertically below the links 88 and are pivotally connected at their forward ends on bosses 85 mounted on the frame projections 84. The links 8| at their rear ends are pivotallyk connected to brackets 86 carried by beam 81. It will be noted that in ,moving from the position of Fig. 1 to that of Fig. 2, the links 8| pass from a position just above the horizontal to a position just below the horizontal, or in other words, through a dead center position, while the links 88 pass from a position of inclination about 45 to the vertical in Fig. 1 to a position nearer the horizontal in It results from this particular arrangement that the cutting edge 88 moves in a slight 8 curve practically in a vertical direction.

'Ihe operating means forthe scoop 84 is as follows: A jack 8l is mounted by trunnions 88 on brackets 88 which are carried by the vbeam 88. The connecting rod 88 of this jack is pivotally connected at 8| to brackets 82 mounted on beam 87. A gate 88 similar to gate 48 serves to close the front of scoop 84. 'Ihis gate is reinforced'along its entire length by a box member 84 near its upper edge and by a V-shape member 88 near its lower edge. The side arms 86 of this gate pass through openings 12' in the forward A frame member 12 and are pivotally connected at 81 with brackets 88 which are welded to the channels 88. This front gate is operated by a jack 88 mounted by trunnion |88 on bracki ets carried by beam 18. A piston rod |02 of this jack is pivotally connected at |03 to a bracket |04 connected to gate 83 alongside the reinforcing member 84.` The ejector gate 18 is operated by jack |05 which is mounted by trunnions |08 on brackets |01 carried by beam 18.

It willbe understood that all of the jacks here described are double-acting and are. provided with suit ible pressure fluid lines and control valves not shown. The operation of the scoops 28 and V64 is entirely independent of each other. Either scoop may be raised or lowered at will. Its associated front gate may be raised and lowered as required and the associated ejector gate may be swung forwardly to clear material out of the scoop or rearwardly when the scoop is to be filled with material.

It will be noted that both scoops are wide enough to cut a track as wide as the distance between the wheels or lI2. Thus the scraper .20

can dig a trench with vertical sides. It will be noted also that with a loaded scoop on each side of the driving axle |1, maximum tractive effort is provided on the wheels Il. Attention is called to the fact that with scoop 64 pointed forwardly ahead of the driving wheels and in cantilever position relative to axle that every bit of material added to scoop 64 adds more than its own weight to the tractive effect of the wheels This is due to the fact that additional load in the front scoop moves thecenter of gravity of the entire loaded scraper nearer to the axle I1. Thus the load added to scoop 84 when moving in a forward direction aids in further loadingof the scoop 84.

It will be noted that with the steering wheels |2 at the rear `and the scoop 64 out in front' facing forwardly, this machine is particularly adapted for filling in culverts, ditches, etc.l The gate 83 is strongly reinforced at 84 and 95 and is very ruggedly connected by .means of reinforced arms 88, beam 81 and links 8| with the frame extensions 84. 'Ihus the scraper unit here shownl is excellently adapted to be used as a bulldozer when the forward scoop is in the raised position of Fig. 1. It will be noted that the force exerted through arms 86 and links 8l is in parallel and in closely alined planes so as to eifectlvely transmit power frame members 84 to the gate 83. Alternatively, a pulling effort may be exerted on gate 93 so as to act on the frame members 84 to pull the present unit forward by means of a tractive vehicle ahead of it if de y'.sired.

Obviously a true bulldozer blade might be utilized in place of the front gate 03 but for illustrative purposes the gate 88 is to all intents and purposes a bulldozer blade in effect.

What we claim is:

1. A scraper comprising a frame, front wheel frame for driving said front wheelmeans, means for steering said rear wheel means including a manually operated steering member, a scoop carried by said frame between said wheel means, a scoop carried by said frame forwardly of said front wheel means, both of said scoops having cutting edges facing forwardly, means for'raising and lowering and for discharging material from each of said scoops, and said steering member being located to the rear of the cutting edge of said first named scoop, whereby the operator of the steering member can easily watch the loading of both scoops.

2. A scraper comprising a frame, front wheel means, rear wheel means, power means on said frame for driving said front wheel means, means for steering said rear wheel means, a scoop carried by said frame between said wheel means, a scoop carried by said frame forwardly of said front wheel means, both of said scoops having cutting edges facing forwardly, each of said scoops being open at the front, a front gate for closing each scoop, an ejector gate movable through each scoop from rear to front to discharge material, means for raising and lowering each scoop, and means for operating saidgates. 3. A scraper comprising a frame, wheel means therefor, driving means for said wheel means, a

scoop carried by said frame forwardly of said wheel means, and a front gate for said scoop extending ahead of said frame and forming the forwardmost portion of said scraper, there being connecting means between said front gate and said frame adapted to transmit force from said` means, rearv wheel means, power means on said frame to said gate. and reinforcing means extending from side to side of said" gate in position to adapt said gate for use as a bulldozer.

4. A scraper comprising a frame, wheel means therefor, a scoop facing in a fore and aft direction, and a support for said scoop comprising upper and lower links of approximately the same length pivotally connected between said scoop `and-frarrie, the upper of said links having its forward end connected with said scoop and'its rearward end connected with said frame, the lower of `said links having its forward end connected with said frame and its rearward end connected with said scoop, the rearward endsmf said llinks being substantially in vertical alinement, means forvmoving' said scoop in 'an up and down direction thereby causing oscillation of said links, the parts being so arranged that during said oscillation said lower link moves from a position slightly above the horizontal to a position slightly therebelow, and said upper link moving from a position steeply'r inclined to the horizontal in raised position of the scoop to a position near the horizontalin lowered position `of the scoop.

RAYMOND Q. ARMINGTON. STEWART I". ARMING'I'ON.