US2313676A

US2313676A - Ventilating and circulating system

Info

Publication number: US2313676A
Application number: US300977A
Authority: US
Inventors: James B Shaver
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-10-24
Filing date: 1939-10-24
Publication date: 1943-03-09
Anticipated expiration: 1960-03-09

Description

March 9, 1943. J. B. SHAVER VENTILATING AND CIRCULATING SYSTEM Filed Oct. 24, 1939 Jam; TB $23523 Patented Mar. 9 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE] 2,313,678 VENTIIATINGAND cmcom'rma SYSTEM James B. Shaver, Cleveland, Ohio Application October 24,1939, Serial No. 300,977 Claims. (01. es -3s) This invention relates to ventilating and circulating systems.

An object of the invention is to provide an improved system or method of air distribution.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will distribute air.

Another object is to provide an improved ap dled.

Another object is to provide an improved ap.

paratus which will be simple in construction.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will be efllcient in operation.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus in which parts will be easily accessible.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which will be compact.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which may be easily installed.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus in which the air supply may be varied at will.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which may beeconomically produced.

Another object is to provide an improved apparatus which may be economically operated.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment accompanying drawing the side of the apparatus appearing at the left in Figure 2; and

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3, taken in the opposite direction therefrom.

Ventilating systems heretofore have quite customarily been caused to deliver air to rooms, generally by blowing it into the rooms, and it has, of course, been common practice to install electric fans which agitate the, air within a room.

While such means have obtained circulation in a measure, we all know that they are inadequate during the periods when circulation and ventilation is most required, as in the hotter days of summer, and, likewise in the colder days of winter when the proper distribution of heated air is necessary.

According to the system of the present invention, air is not merely pumped into a room, nor blown about promiscuously within this space, but certain definite currents are established. these being related to a main'current or stream of a large volume of air moving at relatively high velocity and traveling well over the heads of the occupants of the room. This current conveniently is caused to travel adjacent to the ceiling.-

An induced current, having the same volume of air, but of greater cross-section andso moving at much reduced velocity, returns along the lower part of the room, and air from the high speed main current moving out laterally and descending throughout the main volume of the room, reaches every part of it.

To achieve this result, it is necessary to proiect the highvelocity current in a fairly compact and well, defined stream in a direction which will cause it to pass with relatively little turbulence, being clear of obstructions or of impinging ab- 'ruptly on surfaces until it reaches the far end of the room.

. Of course. some eddies will be formed at the sides of and underneath the main stream, and these will abstract or divert quantities of air as the stream passes along, but some portion of the high velocity stream continues on its course substantially to the wall remote from the circulating apparatus, in order that the entire body of air within the room may be moved.

This is illustrated somewhat diagrammatically in Figure 1, in which the circulating apparatus is indicated generally at i, this being mounted in alignment with the closed position of the upper sash 2 of a window. The window also includes a lower sash 3 and frame 4 set into .a wall 5.

The circulating apparatus is, therefore, in the upper portion of the room, but not immediately adjacent the ceiling 6.

It is arranged to project air by means of circulating apparatus and directing vanes or the like, which will be described hereinafter, in an upwardly direction toward the ceiling. but not in such a direction that it will strike the celling so abruptly as to create turbulence.

The stream 1, when it reaches the ceiling,

therefore, continues along in contact therewith, as indicated generally by the arrows. 8 in Figure 1, throughout its course. This stream is above the normal headspace of the room, so that cupants are not subjected to discomfort from the rapidly moving current. Some of the air of the stream is separated therefrom by eddy currents and friction with surrounding air, falling toward the floor and spreading toward the sides. while the air which reaches the remote wall passes down along this wall, probbaly with some little turbulence at this point, due to its right angle change in course.

Air for re-circulation returns to the circulating apparatus, as indicated by the arrows 9 in the part of the figure, while fresh air from the outside may be drawn in the manner indicated by the arrows ID.

The circulating apparatus consists of a supporting frame comprising a rectangular plate ll, shown as supported on a Z-bar l2 adapted to be connected to the window frame, the plate being reinforced by two metallic angles [3.

The plate is cut away to provide a circular opening Hi, the central portion of which is covered by as aller circular plate l5 secured to the upright a les l3, while the space between the outer and inner plates is covered by a screen l6 such as of wire mesh.

Two horizontal channels I! are secured to'the angles, as by welding, and project inwardly, carrying at their inner ends a 'motor l8 provided with a fan or impeller i9.

Secured to the plate H and surrounding the circular opening is a cylindrical shell 2|], provided in its cylindrical surface with a number of apertures 2|.

.The end of the shell remote from the plate is flanged inwardly, as indicated at 22.

Supporting arms 23 are secured to channels 11 and support a second cylindrical shell 24 of smaller diameter than and concentric with the first mentioned cylindrical shell 20.. This shell terminates in an outwardly extending flange 25 in alinement with the flange 22 of the first mentioned shell, and at its other end terminates in a ring 26 supporting a plurality of transverse able fastenings, such as wing nuts 32, tumbuttons, or the like, so that its filter 80 can be revanes or louvres 21 which direct the air upwardly.

An annular baflie 28 is carried by the interior of the second cylinder, approaching closely adjacent the tips of the impeller blades Hi.

This bafile, together with the cylindrical casing 24, forms a kind of nozzle, concentrating the stream of air as it passes through the impeller, and causing it to move with substantially no internal turbulence in a relatively compact mass or stream. The inclination of vanes 21 is such that they d rect this stream upwardly without noticeably agitating it.

A circular plate 29 having a concentric-circular opening theret-hrough is arranged to overlie the space between flanges 22 and 25, and to it is secured a hollow cylindrical body 30 of filtering material, which may be metal mesh, mineral wool or other fibrousmaterial, or any desired substance through which air may pass and which will remove dirt therefrom.

A cylindrical shutter 3| is arranged to be selectively moved to position covering or uncovering the openings 2|, while the opening through plate ll may be covered or uncovered by raising or lowering the window sash 2, so that air may be caused to enter the space between the shell and the filter cylinder either through the end moved easily for cleaning or replacement without disturbing other parts of the apparatus.

I It will be noted that the filter is on the intake side of the fan, and so does not in any way create turbulence in the stream of air discharged, or in any other way impair the efilciency of the fan.

The louvres, while directing the air upwardly, are set at a low angle of incidence to prevent their imparting so abrupt a change in direction as to cause turbulence of the air in any marked degree at this point.

If desired, heating and cooling elements may be included with the circulating apparatus shown which may be of any desired or well known type. such as coils of tubing, resistance wiring and the like, and therefore need no illustration.

If, because of the shape of the room, or for any other reason, it is desired to change the course of the main stream, a second circulating device, similar to that above described, may be positioned with its intake arranged to receive the main stream, and so that the second circulating device projects it in an altered direction. This device may correspond precisely to that above described, but it will be apparent that the need for the filter will be much less, and that this may be omitted without very noticeable results.

However, it is important that the air stream, upon such change in course, again be projected through a concentrating and directing outlet such as a Venturi-nozzle-like baflie 28.

A second circulating device may also be used, if desired, when extremely long spaces are to be ventilated, to pick up the stream, imparting additional force to it at an intermediate point.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment of my invention in some particularity, obviously many others will readily occur to those skilled in this art, and I do not therefore limit myself to the precise details shown and described herein, but claim as my invention all embodiments, variations and modifications coming within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing having an air inlet adjacent the periphery thereof and closed at its end adjacent and centrally with respect to said inlet, a tubular filter within the casing and spaced inwardly from said air inlet, 'an impeller having its intake arranged to draw air from within the filter, and driving means operably connected to said impeller.

2. Ventilatingapparatus comprising a tubular casing having an air inlet adjacent the periphery thereof and closed at its end adjacent and centrally with respect to said inlet, a tubular filter within the casing and spaced inwardly from said air inlet, an impeller having its intake arranged to draw air from Within the filter, a nozzle-like element concentrating the air delivered by said impeller, and driving means operably connected to said impeller. I

3. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filter therein and concentric therewith, the casing being provided with an inlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, a closure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mounted adjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding the impeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spaced inwardly of the filter, and driving means connected to the impeller.

4. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filter therein and concentric therewith, the casing being provided with an inlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, a closure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mounted adjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding the impeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spaced inwardly of the filter, and driving means connected to the impeller, the filter being detachably secured in place and removable bodily and axially over the last mentioned casing.

5. Ventilating apparatus comprising a tubular casing, a tubular filter therein and concentric therewith,'the casing being provided with an inlet communicating with the space between the casing and filter, a closure preventing air entering the filter axially, an impeller mounted adjacent one end of the casing, a cylindrical casing surrounding the impeller and concentric with the first mentioned casing and spaced inwardly oi the filter, driving means connected to the impeller, the filter being detachably secured in place and removable bodily and axially over the last mentioned casing, and means controlling said inlet to the first mentioned casing.

JAMES B. SHAVER.