US2310492A - Recovering resins from coal - Google Patents
Recovering resins from coal Download PDFInfo
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- US2310492A US2310492A US368737A US36873740A US2310492A US 2310492 A US2310492 A US 2310492A US 368737 A US368737 A US 368737A US 36873740 A US36873740 A US 36873740A US 2310492 A US2310492 A US 2310492A
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- coal
- resin
- resins
- specific gravity
- waxes
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 title description 97
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 title description 97
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title description 54
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 34
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 241000592335 Agathis australis Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 6
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[6-fluoro-2-methyl-3-[(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)methylidene]-1-indenyl]acetic acid Chemical class CC1=C(CC(O)=O)C2=CC(F)=CC=C2C1=CC1=CC=C(S(C)=O)C=C1 MLKXDPUZXIRXEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 241000016649 Copaifera officinalis Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000004859 Copal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000782205 Guibourtia conjugata Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-4-[(4-methyl-2-nitrophenyl)diazenyl]-N-(3-nitrophenyl)naphthalene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound Cc1ccc(N=Nc2c(O)c(cc3ccccc23)C(=O)Nc2cccc(c2)[N+]([O-])=O)c(c1)[N+]([O-])=O MCSXGCZMEPXKIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000131522 Citrus pyriformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009496 Juglans regia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017709 saponins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020234 walnut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F1/00—Obtaining purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins
Definitions
- This invention or discovery relates to recovering resins from coal; and it comprises a method of recovering kauri type hard copals existing as granular inclusions in various bituminous coals wherein such coal is granulated to small particle size and is admixed with an inert liquid of such specific gravity and with such adjustment of conditions that the resins and the coal are separated by sink-and-float action; the separated resin usually being given further sink-and-float treatments to free it from heavy, dark resinous impurities and to separate waxes and associated impurities, with recovery of the purified resin as a light colored uniform useful product capable of being run and worked into varnish vehicles such as linseed 011; all as more fully hereinafter set forth and as claimed.
- Hard copal resins of the kauri type exist as I have found, in granular form in various coals, notably the upper seams of Utah bituminous coal. The resins are scattered throughout the coal in small lumps, of size ranging from that of sand to walnut size. The lumps vary in color from light lemon yellow to deep red. Recovered ina pure condition these resins are useful in making oilvarnish and for similar purposes. These resins are insoluble in most solvents but, lik the kauri type copals, they can be run and are afterwards soluble in drying oils, such as linseed oil.
- the liquids employed for the separation are inorganic aqueous solutions and have no solvent effect on any of the constituents of the coal.
- the resin is unharmed. Sinceneither the coal itself nor the resin and waxes are readily wetted by water or aqueous solutions to a sufficient extent for ready flotation, I employ wetting agents in the solutions.
- the selection of a suitable wetting agent is an important step in achieving the desired results. With the small available differences in specific gravity, if the liquid fails to wet one of the components of the mixture, that component may float even though its real specific gravity is enough to make it sink. The apparent specific gravity of the unwet granule carrying air may be sufficient to make it buoyant.
- the coal from which the resin has been separated has lost practically all of its sootforming properties. It burns clean with a smokeless flame and commands a higher price than raw coal. Resin separation therefore gives a better coal as a byproduct.
- the coal after preliminary cleaning to remove gangue if necessary, is ground to a convenient size, and is then introduced into a suitable sink-and-float treatment vessel: an inverted open-topped cone, ar-
- the vessel contains a body of an aqueous solution of suitable specific gravity, between that of coal and resin, and containing dissolved therein a suitable wetting agent. Tannic acid, saponin, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are all good wetting agents for this step.
- the resin is separated from certain dark resinous components with the aid of a salt solution of specific gravity Just lower than that of the dark resin and higher than that of the valuable resin.
- the salt solution contains an agent such as saponin capable of wetting the resins.
- the wax is floated away from the valuable resin.
- the coal, wax and dark resinous impurity can all be recovered as useful byproducts.
- the purified resin is now dried and is market-- able for use by the varnish maker.
- the wetting agents employed at some of the stages may be those acting preferentially.
- coal is readily wetted by water containing tannic acid in proportion only 1 part per million, but the resin and 'waxes are not so easily wetted.
- the resin and 'waxes are not so easily wetted.
- they In the step of separating the coal from the resin and wax it is not important that the resin and wax be wetted: they float anyway. But provision is made to wet the coal as otherwise it would tend to float.
- wetting of the resins is important. Addition of saponin or tannic acid to the brine in a proportion of 1 part in 100,000 insures wetting.
- saponin in proportion 1 part in 100,000, is satisfactory. The waxes do not need to be wetted as they float anyway.
- any salt or other compound can be used. that is inert with respect to the resin and that is sufficiently soluble to enable preparation of solutions of the required density.
- Common salt (NaCl) and CaClz are cheap and convenient.
- Resins Specific gravity about 1.05 to 1.08; the lighter fractions corresponding to the valuable resins.
- the ground coal was introduced into a conical vessel provided with an efficient stirring agitator and containing a body of salt brine of specific gravity 1.100 containing tannic acid 1:1000000 After a suitable period of agitation the agitator was shut ofi and the coal allowed to sink, while the resin floated to the top and was discharged by displacement. (Without the Wetting agent the coal would ordinarily float rather than sink in this bath, due to non-liquid-filled pores. The separated resin, amounting to about 5 per cent of the weight of the coal, was washed with water and introduced into a second vessel containing a salt solution of specific gravity 1.07 with saponin dissolved therein in a proportion of 1:100000.
- the purified recovered resin had a specific gravity close to 1.059 and was hard and light colored. Made into varnishes in .the usual way, it gives good glossy finishes of high durability and inert .to acids and alkalies in reasonable concentrations and to alcohols.
- the amount of driers employed is the same as with high-grade kauri and like resins. Linseed oil is the best vehicle at present known to me for utilizing the (run) resin in varnishes.
- the specific gravities of the several components of the coal do not always bear the same relation to each other as in the specific example.
- the specific gravities or the sink-and-fioat baths are adjusted, following the principles described, for proper gravital separation of the components of the'particular coal under treatment.
- the coal, wax and dark resinous impurities can all be recovered as useful byproducts.
- coal contains different kinds of resins and sometimes difierent resins occur in the same coal. There is sufficient difference in specific gravity between the difierent kinds of resins to allow gravital separation, according to the principles set forth, of the resin most suitable for a particular need.
- a method of recovering kauri-type varnishmaking resins capable of being run and dissolved in varnish vehicles, from coal containing resins associated with waxes which comprises granulating the coal to small particle size, introducing the granules into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound of specific gravity between that of coal and resin containing therein a wetting agent in amount to wet the coal whereby the resins and waxes float and the coal sinks, recovering the floating resins and waxes and introducing them into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin having a specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, and a. wetting agent in amount to wet the resin whereby the waxes float and the resins sink, and recovering the resins.
- aqueous solution is a salt brine containing a wetting agent of such character as to cause the brine to wet the coal and fill the pores thereof, thereby to facilitate separation due to differences in specific gravity.
- a method of recovering kauri-like varnishmaking copals or resins from coal containing resins associated with resinous impurities and waxes which comprises introducing the coal in granular form into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin, having a specific gravity between that of coal and resin, and a wetting agent in amount to Wet the coal whereby the coal sinks and the resins and associated matters float, recovering the floating resins and associated matters, introducing them into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin, having a specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, and a wetting agent in amount to wet the resinous impurities,
- a method of recovering vamish-making copals or resins from coal containing resins associated with resinous impurities and waxes which comprises introducing-the coal in granular form into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between that of coal and resin containing a coal wetting agent in amount to wet the coal, whereby the coal sinks and the resins and associated matters float, recovering the floating resins and associated matters, introducing them into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between that of resins and 01' the heavier resinous impurities associated therewith, said aqueous solution containing a wetting agent in amount sufficient to wet the resins, whereby the resinous impurities sink and the resins and waxes float,introducing the floated resins and waxes into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, said aqueous solution containing a wetting agent in amount suflicient to wet the resin whereby the waxes float and the resins sink, and recovering the
- the step which comprises introducing granulatedresiniferous coal into an inert aqueous liquid bath of specificgravity intermediate that of the resin and the coal and contain-.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
Patented Feb. 9, 1943 RECOVERING BESINS FROM COAL Adriaan Nagelvoort, Salt Lake City, Utah No Drawing. Application December 5, 1940,
- Serial N0. 368,737
5 Claims. (Cl. 209-173) This invention or discovery relates to recovering resins from coal; and it comprises a method of recovering kauri type hard copals existing as granular inclusions in various bituminous coals wherein such coal is granulated to small particle size and is admixed with an inert liquid of such specific gravity and with such adjustment of conditions that the resins and the coal are separated by sink-and-float action; the separated resin usually being given further sink-and-float treatments to free it from heavy, dark resinous impurities and to separate waxes and associated impurities, with recovery of the purified resin as a light colored uniform useful product capable of being run and worked into varnish vehicles such as linseed 011; all as more fully hereinafter set forth and as claimed.
Hard copal resins of the kauri type exist as I have found, in granular form in various coals, notably the upper seams of Utah bituminous coal. The resins are scattered throughout the coal in small lumps, of size ranging from that of sand to walnut size. The lumps vary in color from light lemon yellow to deep red. Recovered ina pure condition these resins are useful in making oilvarnish and for similar purposes. These resins are insoluble in most solvents but, lik the kauri type copals, they can be run and are afterwards soluble in drying oils, such as linseed oil.
No successful attempts have been made to separate the resin from coal in commercial quantities and recover it for use in varnishes. Mineral flotation methods, in which attempt is made to film particles of one constituent of a mixture with oil with introduction of air to float the constituent as a froth, have not proved practicable. Both the coal and the resin float. Solvent extraction is impracticable because of the small solubility of hard copal resins in any ordinary solvent. In using solvents on these coals there is an extraction of waxes of the type of montan wax and only the softer and less valuable resins are attacked. Kauri type copal remains undissolved. All extracts made with the ordinary solvents are dark and soft; a good hard resin is not recovered.
I have, however, found that there are slight be floated away from the resin. It is furthermore possible by repetition of separation to achieve a purification of the resin itself, by a separation of dark resinous impurities. Here again, the differences in specific gravity can be utilized, even though the difference in specific gravities there available is very slight. Such separation of resinous impurities is best carried out between the two steps; between the first separation of resin from the coal and the final removal of waxy impurities.
The liquids employed for the separation are inorganic aqueous solutions and have no solvent effect on any of the constituents of the coal. The resin is unharmed. Sinceneither the coal itself nor the resin and waxes are readily wetted by water or aqueous solutions to a sufficient extent for ready flotation, I employ wetting agents in the solutions. The selection of a suitable wetting agent is an important step in achieving the desired results. With the small available differences in specific gravity, if the liquid fails to wet one of the components of the mixture, that component may float even though its real specific gravity is enough to make it sink. The apparent specific gravity of the unwet granule carrying air may be sufficient to make it buoyant.
With suitable operation, separation is clean and complete. On the average, from a ton (2000 pounds) of raw Utah bituminous coal from upper seams, pounds of high-grade varnish resin can be recovered. The resin is comparable with the better grade kauri resins and similar copals, and is commercially acceptable; it is accepted by varnish makers as a high-grade copal or varnish resin. Varnishes made with it give hard glossy, permanent films remarkably resistant to weathering; so much so in fact that paints and pigmented varnishes made with the resin obtained accord ing to the invention stand up exceptionally well as highway markings. This is an exceptionally severe test for a paint or varnish.
. As an-incidental but important advantage of the invention, the coal from which the resin has been separated has lost practically all of its sootforming properties. It burns clean with a smokeless flame and commands a higher price than raw coal. Resin separation therefore gives a better coal as a byproduct.
In practicing the invention, the coal, after preliminary cleaning to remove gangue if necessary, is ground to a convenient size, and is then introduced into a suitable sink-and-float treatment vessel: an inverted open-topped cone, ar-
ranged for overflow of floating material at the top and withdrawal of sunken material at the bottom. The vessel contains a body of an aqueous solution of suitable specific gravity, between that of coal and resin, and containing dissolved therein a suitable wetting agent. Tannic acid, saponin, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol are all good wetting agents for this step. The coal sinks and the resin, together with waxes, etc., floats.
In the next step, the resin is separated from certain dark resinous components with the aid of a salt solution of specific gravity Just lower than that of the dark resin and higher than that of the valuable resin. The salt solution contains an agent such as saponin capable of wetting the resins. In the purification step, the wax is floated away from the valuable resin.
The coal, wax and dark resinous impurity can all be recovered as useful byproducts.
The purified resin is now dried and is market-- able for use by the varnish maker.
The wetting agents employed at some of the stages may be those acting preferentially. For example, coal is readily wetted by water containing tannic acid in proportion only 1 part per million, but the resin and 'waxes are not so easily wetted. In the step of separating the coal from the resin and wax it is not important that the resin and wax be wetted: they float anyway. But provision is made to wet the coal as otherwise it would tend to float. In separating the light from the dark resin, wetting of the resins is important. Addition of saponin or tannic acid to the brine in a proportion of 1 part in 100,000 insures wetting. In separating the waxes from the resin, saponin, in proportion 1 part in 100,000, is satisfactory. The waxes do not need to be wetted as they float anyway.
For the aqueous solutions almost any salt or other compound can be used. that is inert with respect to the resin and that is sufficiently soluble to enable preparation of solutions of the required density. Common salt (NaCl) and CaClz are cheap and convenient.
In a specific example illustrative of a typical procedure within the purview of the invention, a batch of upper-seam Utah bituminous coal was ground to 20 mesh particle size. Analysis of the coal showed the specific gravities of the constituents to be as follows:
Waxes: Specific gravity about 0.800
Resins: Specific gravity about 1.05 to 1.08; the lighter fractions corresponding to the valuable resins.
Coal: Specific gravity about 1.l50+
The ground coal was introduced into a conical vessel provided with an efficient stirring agitator and containing a body of salt brine of specific gravity 1.100 containing tannic acid 1:1000000 After a suitable period of agitation the agitator was shut ofi and the coal allowed to sink, while the resin floated to the top and was discharged by displacement. (Without the Wetting agent the coal would ordinarily float rather than sink in this bath, due to non-liquid-filled pores. The separated resin, amounting to about 5 per cent of the weight of the coal, was washed with water and introduced into a second vessel containing a salt solution of specific gravity 1.07 with saponin dissolved therein in a proportion of 1:100000. After agitation, the mixture was allowed to stand and a small proportion of dark off-color resin settled to the bottom, leaving the valuable resin floating. The floated fraction was washed with water and introduced into a third agitated vessel containing plain water with a little saponin; 1:100000. Wax and woody matters floated and the purified resin was withdrawn at the bottom and was washed and dried. The wax amounted to a few per cent by weight of the resin. The wash waters from the three operations were saved. Those from the first two operations were made up to proper specific gravity for reuse by additions of salt.
The purified recovered resin had a specific gravity close to 1.059 and was hard and light colored. Made into varnishes in .the usual way, it gives good glossy finishes of high durability and inert .to acids and alkalies in reasonable concentrations and to alcohols. The amount of driers employed is the same as with high-grade kauri and like resins. Linseed oil is the best vehicle at present known to me for utilizing the (run) resin in varnishes.
The specific gravities of the several components of the coal do not always bear the same relation to each other as in the specific example. The specific gravities or the sink-and-fioat baths are adjusted, following the principles described, for proper gravital separation of the components of the'particular coal under treatment.
The coal, wax and dark resinous impurities can all be recovered as useful byproducts.
Various kinds of coal contain different kinds of resins and sometimes difierent resins occur in the same coal. There is sufficient difference in specific gravity between the difierent kinds of resins to allow gravital separation, according to the principles set forth, of the resin most suitable for a particular need.
What I claim is:
1. A method of recovering kauri-type varnishmaking resins capable of being run and dissolved in varnish vehicles, from coal containing resins associated with waxes which comprises granulating the coal to small particle size, introducing the granules into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound of specific gravity between that of coal and resin containing therein a wetting agent in amount to wet the coal whereby the resins and waxes float and the coal sinks, recovering the floating resins and waxes and introducing them into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin having a specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, and a. wetting agent in amount to wet the resin whereby the waxes float and the resins sink, and recovering the resins.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the aqueous solution is a salt brine containing a wetting agent of such character as to cause the brine to wet the coal and fill the pores thereof, thereby to facilitate separation due to differences in specific gravity.
3. A method of recovering kauri-like varnishmaking copals or resins from coal containing resins associated with resinous impurities and waxes which comprises introducing the coal in granular form into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin, having a specific gravity between that of coal and resin, and a wetting agent in amount to Wet the coal whereby the coal sinks and the resins and associated matters float, recovering the floating resins and associated matters, introducing them into an aqueous solution of an inorganic compound inert to resin, having a specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, and a wetting agent in amount to wet the resinous impurities,
whereby the resinous impurities sink and the resins and waxes float, introducing the floated resins and waxes into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between that of resin and wax containing a wetting agent in amount to wet the resin, whereby the waxes float and the resins sink, and recovering the resins.
4. A method of recovering vamish-making copals or resins from coal containing resins associated with resinous impurities and waxes which comprises introducing-the coal in granular form into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between that of coal and resin containing a coal wetting agent in amount to wet the coal, whereby the coal sinks and the resins and associated matters float, recovering the floating resins and associated matters, introducing them into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between that of resins and 01' the heavier resinous impurities associated therewith, said aqueous solution containing a wetting agent in amount sufficient to wet the resins, whereby the resinous impurities sink and the resins and waxes float,introducing the floated resins and waxes into an aqueous inorganic solution of specific gravity between the specific gravity of resin and wax, said aqueous solution containing a wetting agent in amount suflicient to wet the resin whereby the waxes float and the resins sink, and recovering the resins from said bath.
5. In separating valuable copal resins from coal by utilizing diflerences in their speciflc gravities, the step which comprises introducing granulatedresiniferous coal into an inert aqueous liquid bath of specificgravity intermediate that of the resin and the coal and contain-.
ing a dissolved substance which is characterized by the property of causing the aqueous liquid to wet the coal whereby the coal sinks and the resin floats, separating resinous impurities and waxes from the floated resin in inert aqueous inorganic solutions of specific gravity intermediate the specific gravities of the separable components, such inert solutions containing selective wetting agents in amount sufficient to wet the component to be depressed.
ADRIAAN NAGELVOORT.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US368737A US2310492A (en) | 1940-12-05 | 1940-12-05 | Recovering resins from coal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US368737A US2310492A (en) | 1940-12-05 | 1940-12-05 | Recovering resins from coal |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2310492A true US2310492A (en) | 1943-02-09 |
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ID=23452518
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US368737A Expired - Lifetime US2310492A (en) | 1940-12-05 | 1940-12-05 | Recovering resins from coal |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2310492A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2461551A (en) * | 1946-01-11 | 1949-02-15 | Interchem Corp | Composition comprising a rubbery copolymer of butadiene and styrene and a resin occurring in utah resinbearing coal |
US2527481A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1950-10-24 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
US2540978A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1951-02-06 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
US2605900A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1952-08-05 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
-
1940
- 1940-12-05 US US368737A patent/US2310492A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2461551A (en) * | 1946-01-11 | 1949-02-15 | Interchem Corp | Composition comprising a rubbery copolymer of butadiene and styrene and a resin occurring in utah resinbearing coal |
US2527481A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1950-10-24 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
US2540978A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1951-02-06 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
US2605900A (en) * | 1948-05-15 | 1952-08-05 | Johnson & Son Inc S C | Refining of vegetable wax powder |
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