US2310178A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

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4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS R. J. JAUCH ETAL PUMP Filed June 28, 1940 jgf Feb. 2, 1943.

Feb. 2, 1943. R. J. JUCH TAL PUMP Filed June 28, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 65. 2, 1943. R 1 AUCH ETAL 2,310,178

PUMP

Filed June 28, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTORS. foberz JJM/L,

BY Rdffdr/ZO l,

Feb. 2, 1943. R. .1. JAUCH ETAL PUMP Filed June 28, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTORS. Jober fJaac/z, E055 H @Haag 1 @WAV 4RM, I I

Patented Feb. 2, 1943.l

UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE PUMP Robert J. Jauch and Ross H. Arnold, Fort Wayne, Ind., asslgnors to The Wayne Pump Company, Fort Wayne, Ind., a corporation of Maryland Application June 28. 1940, Serial No. 342.992

9 Claims. (Cl. 10B-113) This invention pertains to liquid dispensing apparatus and more particularly to a pump.

It is an object of this invention to provide a pump as for a liquid dispensing apparatus wherein entrained air is separated from the liquid to be dispensed before the apparatus is operable to dispense clear liquid.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump as for a liquid dispensing apparatus wherein liquid is dispensed only after a predetermined pressure is built up.

Yet another object o! the invention is to provide a pump as for a liquid disrpnsing apparatus so constructed and arranged that entrained air is separated on the suction side of the pump.

Another further object of the invention is to provide a pump as for a liquid dispensing apparatus operable to dispense liquid only after a predetermined pressure is built up, but one which is eil'ective without a substantial adjustment regardless of the lift of liquid from a source oi supply to the pump of said apparatus.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a pumping unit operable after a predetermined pressure is built up but remaining operable under another predetermined pressure.

A further object is to provide a pump made with substantial clearances, but which is so constructed-and arranged as to be self-priming.

A still further object is to provide a pump wherein the vapor is separated by action of the pumping means.

A yet further object is to provide a pump having few movable parts, yet which fulfills all re quirements of manufacture and service.

Another object is to` provide a pump directly driven by an electric motor or other means wherein no thrust is taken by the motor, thereby q (liminating the use of thrust bearings.

Yet another object is to provide a pump which eliminates the use of a by-pass valve and one in which no gears are necessary and no moving parts are in close contact.

Still another different object is to provide a pump which is of balanced construction so that there is no vibration or pulsation, and wherein substantially little power `s necessary for operation thereof.

Another object is to provide a pump wherein the by-pacsing wattage is less than the operating wattage.

With these and various other objects in view,

the'invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation as will be .more fully described and particularly pointed outI and claims append-l -ing toward the left as viewed in Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a sectional plan view of the pump taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 4-4 of Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the pump taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 5 5 of Figure l;

Figure 6 is a fragmentary sectional elevation o! the pump taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 8-8 of Figure 1;

Figure 7 is a sectional plan view of the pump taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 1 1 of Figure 5; Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional elevation oi the pump taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 8-8 of Figure 1.

A pump of this character may be used for a number of installations. For example, it may be used as a bulk station pump, or it may be used in a liquid dispensing apparatus ordinarily used for servicing automotive vehicles, airplanes, etc. When used in a liquid dispensing apparatus said apparatus embodies a suitable casing, such as illustrated in Patent No. 2,159,625, issued May 23, 1939, and a meter similar to that illustrated in Patent No. 2,144,748, issued January 24, 1939, the

meter being used to drive a registering mechanism such as shown in Patent No. 2,111,996, issued March 22, 1938. In this instance a source of liquid supply such as en underground tank (not shown) is adapted to be connected through a suitable pipe to the pump inlet in the base casting 20 as at 22, and the meter is adapted to be connected through a suitable pipe to the pump outlet as at 24. The base casting is provided with the passage 26 communicating with the strainer housing 28. The opposite end of the strainer housing is connected through the passage 30 tothe suction chamber 32. The passage 30 extends through the members 34 and 3B which, together with the base 20 and the member 38. make up the pump casing 39. The suction chamber 32 is provided in the upper member 38 on which the motor 40 is supported and secured as at 44.

blades, and.- in the The member 34 is provided with the rotor chamber 46 which is of general elliptical shape provided with oppositely disposed dead spots, lands or sealing arcs 48 and'50, the centers of said dead spots being disposed substantially 180 apart and on the short axis oi the ellipse. The top and bottom of the rotor chamber are formed by the members and 36 which are so spaced by the member 24 that small clearances for the rotor are provided. The motor is provided with the vertical shaft 62 disposed substantially at the intersection of the extending through a suitable seal or stufng box 53 into the rotor chamber. The rotor 64 is provided with the sleeve 66 keyed as at 66 to the motor shaft but slidably mounted thereon. As viewed in Figure 4 the rotor revolves in a counterclockwise direction.

The rotor or impeller 64 shown is provided with straight blades wherein the planes 60 oi the driving faces of the blades pass the impeller shaft, and the tips o! said blades are adapted to move in close proximity to the dead spots 48 and 50 for a purpose to be later described. The rotor housing is so designed that the greatest distance of space between the inside of the rotor housing and the tip of the blades is substantially midway between the sealing arcs. It is of course understood that a curved type, or a hooked type, of blade may be used. depending upon" the purpose for which the pump is designed. The hooked blade will give a higher delivery pressure,l but then the motor will use a greater number of watts than if a corresponding straight or curved blade is used.

A curved blade will give the lowest delivery pressure with the lowest number of watts consumed by the motor, whereas with the straight type of blade an intermediate delivery pressure is attained and an intermediate number of watts is used.

By connecting the rotor to the motor shaft in the manner herein contemplated no thrust is transferred to the motor, thus eliminating the use of a thrust bearlngdue to the tact that the sleeve 56 floats on the motor shaft 52. Theoretically, of course, the rotor is in hydraulic balance. but in practice, should a diil'erentlal occur resulting in a thrust, this thrust will be taken on the casing rather than by the rotor.

The liquid inlet ports 62 and 64 are provided in the member 36,'forming a communication between the suction chamber 32 and the rotor chamber 46. said ports being disposed adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edges 66 and 66 of said ports being disposed ln substantial radial alignment with the rear edges 10 and 12 of the dead spots and 48. 'I'he rear edges 14 and 16 of said inlet ports are disposed in substantial radial alignment with the forward edges 18 and 80 of the liquid discharge ports 82 and 04. It is preferred that the inlet portions be so proportioned that, without undue iiow restriction, very little more liquid is supplied than is desired to be dispensed.

The liquid discharge ports 82 and 84 are disposed substantially midway between the dead spots 50 and 48 and adacent the tips of the embodiment shown, substantially overlap the tips of the blades. The rear edges 86 and 88 of the liquid discharge ports are in substantial radial alignment with the leading edges 90 and 92 of the vapor discharge ports 94 and 96, and the rear edges 98 and |00 of said vapor discharge ports are in substantial radial axes of the ellipse, and

through the axis oialignment with the forward edges |02 and |04 of the dead spots 48 and 50.

The liquid discharge ports 82 and 04 are connected through the passage |06 to the vertical passage |08 extending to the-'discharge chamber ||0. The discharge chamber is provided with the discharge opening 24 provided with the valve seat ||2 for accommodating the valve ||4. The valve ||4 is provided with the valve stem ||6 extending upwardly into the guides ||8 provided in the piston chamber |20 of the piston housing |22. Said valve stem ||6 is provided with the piston |24 adapted to move vertically in the cylinder |26 provided in the pump body member 38. 'I'he piston may be of any suitable construction. In the embodiment shown it comprises the plate |28, the leathers |30, the spring |82 for urging the leathers |30 against the cylinder wall. and the retainer plate |34. The spring |36 is interposed between the plate |28 in the housing |22 and urges the valve toward closed position. The piston chamber |20 is connected through the passage |36 to the suction chamber 32.

The vapor discharge ports 94 and 96 are connected through the passages |40 and |42 to the passage |44 communicating with the settling or float chamber |46. The settling or float chamber |46 is provided with the iloat valve |48 controlling the valve opening |50 communicating with the return |52, which in turn communicates with the suction chamber 32 whereby said settling chamber also* serves as a reserve liquid chamber.

The valve |48 may be of any suitable type. In the embodiment shown it is provided with the valve rod |54 pivoted as at |56 to Iche pedestal |68, and said valve rod is provided with the float |60. The settling chamber is closed by means of the cover plate |62 provided with the vent opening |64 for attachment to a suitable vent tube. if that is desirable, and said cover plate is likewise provided with the iill opening |66 adapted to be closed by the plug |68.

In the operation of this type of pump, assuming the pump to be dry, the plug |68 is removed and priming liquid is introduced into the pump casing 39, the liquid passing through the vapor discharge ports 94 and 96 into the rotor chamber 46 and past the float control valve |48 into the suction chamber 32 through the passage |52. Operation of the motor 40 then will cause rotation of the rotor, and liquid in the rotor chamber is carried along by the blades of the rotor. Centriiugal action will throw the liquid out toward the walls oi the rotor chamber, and thus the air and vapor will occupy a space inwardly of the liquid between said liquid and the hub of the rotor.

As before pointed out, the rotor is revolving in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure 4, and as the liquid flows in the direction of movement of the rotor its momentum keeps lt moving ahead in a counterclockwise direction. As the liquid nears the seal points or dead spots 48 and 50, the converging walls of the elliptical rotor chamber force the liquid inwardly between the rotor blades, thus in eilect forming liquid pistons which compress the air and vapor in the space between the rotor blades toward the center. A portion of this compressed air and vapor will be forced through the vapor discharge ports 94 and 96, and through the passages |40 and |42 to the passage |44 where it will enter the float chamber |46. 'Ihe vapor and air will then pass out of the settling chamber through the vent |64. The vent |64 may be provided with a ilne mesh screen |83 to tend to cause precipitation of liquid entrained in the vapor passing out of the vent, although in most instances this screen is not necessary. As the liquid level in the settling chamber |46 rises, the iloat |80 will rise, opening the valve |48. permitting the excess liquid to be returned to the suction chamber 82 through the passage |52. f

Continued rotation oi the rotor blades past the head spots will cause the blades to pass over and gradually uncover the inlet ports 62 and 54, and the liquid forming the liquid pistons will move outwardly in a radial direction causing a suction or vacuum action whereby air and vapor i will be drawn from the suction line connected to the source of supply through the inlet 22, the strainer 28, the passage 3|, the suction chamber 82, and through said ,inlet ports to the space between the blades. This action will be continued until practically solid liquid reaches and illls the suction chamber 32. While this action has been taking place the pressure in the discharge chamber generated by the rotor has not been suillcient, because of the low density of the liquid in the rotor chamber, to open the discharge valve ||4 against pressure of the spring At the start of the priming operation atmospheric pressures exist throughout the pumping system, and the piston chamber |20 is in communication with the suction chamber 32 through the channel |38. Therefore the fluid pressures on the top and bottom of the piston |24 are balanced, and the pressure of the spring |38 is the net force holding the valve |'|4 closed. As priming proceeds suction vacuum increases or pressure on top of the piston |24 decreases and pres sure on the bottom of the piston |24 increases because of the increase in pressure built up by the rotor on account of the increasing specific gravity of the fluid in the rotor chamber. As the fluid in the rotor chamber at and beyond the discharge ports becomes solid liquid, the rotor generated pressure, acting on the bottom of the piston |24, with the suction acting on the top of the piston |24 to overcome the spring pressure acting on the top oi the piston |24 to open the valve H4. In normal operation of the pump, whenever sumcient vapor enters the rotor so that the iluid at the discharge ports 82 and 84 is not solid liquid, the rotor generated pressure is so lowered, because of the decrease in speciiic gravity of the fluid in the rotor, that the force of the spring closes the valve ||4 until the uid in the vicinity of the discharge ports 82 and B4 is cleared of vapors.

The discharge valve will remain open even though a small amount of air is supplied to the pump, though' a condition may be reached where, if enough air enters the casing, it will cause throttling of the discharge valve; or, in the event enough air is introduced, the valve will be closed and it will be necessary to repeat the cycle of air elimination in order to open the valve to permit discharge.

In the embodiment shown, it may be said ythat a pump is provided wherein adjacent blades operate on a two cylinder principle. Of course. a pump may be designed using only one sealing arc, in which case the load on the rotor would not be hydraulically balanced, or three or more sealing arcs could be used with the peripheral wheel of the rotor chamber being ellipticlly formed between adjacent sealing aros. The number of arc seals is limited by the fact that for each seal there should be one each of intake, liquid dischargeand vapor discharge ports.

Further, the size of the air discharge P0rt is v limited practically because if it is too large more liquid will pass over into the settling chamber than is necessary to eiiect proper air elimination, thus causing a decrease inelciency of the pump. Thus, it has been found desirable to form the rotor casing with the ilnaly abrupt entrance to the dead spots in ord er to give the air a ilnal push out oi the air discharge port.

When the blades leave the dead spot, the liquid piston quickly reverses its movement, the liquid moving outwardly by centrifugal force, causing liquid to be suppliedto the rotor from the suction chamber through the suction port. In other words, this is the suction stroke of the liquid piston. Y

The suction stroke takes place from substantially the instant that the blade leaves the dead spot until the next succeeding blade has passed the point where the clearance between the tip ,f

of the blade and the rotor case is greatest. At

that point the inlet port is closed.

This pump controls two different kinds of uids, and it eliminates the air and vapor by pumping it out of the vapor discharge port. This port is located adjacent the root of the blades and is essentially a vapor discharge port, and, though only a small amount of liquid will pass out of this port While priming, a much larger amount of liquid will pass through this port when pumping. This port, or similarly located ports, could not be used as a large volume liquid discharge port, as it would not be properly placed for the liquid outlet. Further, it would not be practical to oppose the centrifugal action suiciently to force the liquid inwardly a sufficient amount to reach any liquid outlet port ex cept adjacent the tip of the blades as has been described. This must be at some point where not too much opposition is given .to the centrifugal force of the liquid which will be somewhere near the tip oi' the blades.

Since the pump is designed to handle a combination of air and liquid, it is necessary that pressures he developed by the turbine, land pressures are obtained through the diameter and speed, whereas, the thickness of the impeller determines largely the capacity. Thus it will be seen that if the pump were to be used purely as an air pump, a much smaller diameter impeller could be used since it would only be necessary to develop suiilclent pressure to overcome atmospheric pressures and the depth of the impeller would determine the capacity of the pump.

Where this pump is used in a liquid dispensing apparatus, the priming action -is only for a relatively short period, and after priming action there is always some liquid supplied to the settling chamber, the liquid being returned to the impeller through the opening controlled by the float valve and suction chamber. Due to the disposition of the ports, not enough liquid is lost during priming to necessitate providing any means for replenishing this liquid. It is to be noted that the air discharge ports are so located that after priming has been effected, vapor having a larger liquid content is supplied to the settling chamber so that -any air that may be entrained in the liquid will necessarily be supplied to the settling chamn ber from which it is Vented, insuring a. more perfect air separation and that no air will be dispensed from the outlet side of the pump.

It is to be understood that we do not wish to be limited by the exact embodiment of the device shown, which is merely by way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will of course be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a pump, the combination oi a casing, said casing having a rotor chamber, a suction chamber, a discharge chamber having an outlet, a reserve liquid chamber, said suction chamber being adapted to be connected to a source of supply, a rotor rotatably mounted in said rotor chamber, said rotor having blades, said rotor chamber being substantially elliptical and having lands forming dead spots the centers o1' which are substantially 180 apart, one of said lands being a forward land and the other of said lands being a rear land considered in the direction of rotation of the rotor, the apices of said ellipse being substantially midway between said dead spots, each part of said rotor chamber between said dead spots being provided with an inlet port, a liquid outlet port and a vapor outlet port, said liquid outlet port being adjacent the tips of the blades, the inlet and vapor outlet ports being' adjacent the roots of said blades, a connection between the reserve liquid chamber and said vapor outlet port, a connection between said reserve liquid and suction chambers, a connection between the suction chamber and said inlet port, a connection between said liquid outlet port and discharge chamber, the inlet and liquid discharge ports being so disposed that the rear edge of said inlet port is substantiallyradially aligned with the forward edge of the liquid discharge port and the rear edge of the vapor discharge port is substantially aligned with the forward edge of the rear land, and a valve for controlling the outlet from said discharge chamber.

2. In a pump, the combination of a casing, said casing having a. rotor chamber, a suction chamber. a discharge chamber having an outlet, a reserve liquid chamber, said suction chamber being adapted to be connected to a source of supply, a rotor rotatably mounted in said rotor chamber, said rotor having blades, said rotor chamber being substantially elliptical and having dead spots the centers of which are substantially 180 apart, the apces of said ellipse being substantially :nidway between said dead spots, each part of said rotor chamber between said dead spots being provided with an inlet port. a liquid outlet port and a vapor outlet port, said liquid outlet port being adjacent the tips of the blades, the inlet and vapor outlet ports being adjacent the roots of said blades, a connection between the reserve liquid chamber and said vapor outlet port, a connection between said reserve liquid and suction chambers,

a connection between the suction chamber andA said inlet port, a connection between said liquid outlet port and discharge chamber, the inlet, liquid discharge and vapor discharge ports being so disposed that the rear edge of said inlet port is substantially radially aligned with the forward edge of the liquid discharge port, and the rear edge of the liquid discharge port is substantially radially aligned with the forward edge of the vapor discharge port, the forward edge of the inletport and the rear edge of the vapor discharge port being substantially radially aligned with the rear and. forward edges respectively of opposite dead spots, and a valve for controlling the outlet from said discharge chamber.

3. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having along and short axis, said chamber being provided with oppositely disposed lands on the short axis of said chamber, a rotor having blades of equal length disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the lands as the blades rotate past said lands, an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edge of said inlet being substantially opposite the rear edge o1' one of said lands in a radial direction, the rear edge of said inlet being substantially on the long aids of said chamber, an outlet disposed adjacent the tips of said blades so that said tips terminate short of the outer edge of said outlet, the leading edge of said outlet overlapping with the rear edge of said inlet in a radial direction, said outlet extending past said long axis and being disposed so that the greater part of said outlet is on the side of the long axis opposite to that of the inlet, and a relatively small vapor outlet adjacent the roots of the blades and substantilly opposite the leading edge of another of said lands in a radial direction.

4. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having a long and short axis, said chamber being provided with oppositely disposed lands on the short axis of said chamber, a rotor having blades of equal length disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the lands as the blades rotate past said lands, the distance between adjacent` blades of said rotor at the outer periphery thereof being substantially less than the length of said lands, an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edge of said inlet being substantially opposite the rear edge of one of said lands in a radial direction, the rear edge of said inlet being substantially on the long axis o! said chamber, an outlet dis posed adjacent the tips of said blades so that said tips terminate short of the outer edge of said outlet, the leading edge of said outlet overlapping with the rear edge of said inlet in a radial directionI said outlet extending past said'long axis and being disposed so that the greater part of said outlet is on the side of the long axis opposite to that of the inlet, and a relatively small vapor outlet adjacent the roots of the blades and substantially opposite the leading edge of another of said lands in a radial direction.

5. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having a long and short axis, said chamber being provided with oppositely disposed lands on the short axis of said chamber, a rotor having blades of equal length disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the lands as the blades rotate past said lands, the distance between a pair of adjacent blades of said rotor at the outer periphery thereof being substantially less than the length 'of said lands, but the length of said lands being substantially less than the distance between more than a pair of said adjacent blades at the outer periphery thereof, an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edge of said inlet being substantially opposite the rear edge of one of said lands in a radial direction, the rear edge of said inlet being substantially on the long axis of said chamber, an outlet disposed adjacent the tips of said blades so that said tips terminate short of the outer edge of said outlet, the leading edge of said outlet overlapping with the rear edge of said inlet in a radial direction, said outlet extending past said long axis and being disposed so that the greater part of said outlet is on the side ofthe long axis opposite to that of the inlet, and a relatively small vapor outlet adjacent the roots of the blades and substantially opposite the leading edge of another of said lands in a radial direction.

6. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having a. long and short axis, a rotor having blades of equal length, said rotor being disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closelyy adjacent the sides of the chamber adjacent the short axis, the portions of the chamber in close proximity to the tips of the blades being substantially greater than half the distance between the tips of said blades in a circumferential direction on each side of said short axis, said chamber on each side of said short axis having an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades and at the forward part of the chamber taken in the direction of rotation of the blades from the short axis, the leading edge of each inlet being spaced from the short axis, the'rear edge of each inlet being adjacent the long axis, outlets adjacent the tips ofthe blades, the leading edges of said outlets overlapping the rear edges of said inlets in a radial direction, and relatively small vapor outlets adjacent the roots of the blades, said vapor outlets being disposed between the rear edges of said inlets and said-short'axis in a f circumferential direction.

7. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having a long and short axis, a rotor having blades of equal length, said rotor being disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the sides of the chamber adjacent the short axis, the portions of the chamber in close proximity to the tips of the blades being substantially greater than half the distance between the tips of said blades in a circumferential direction on each side of said short axis, said chamber on each side of said short axis having an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades and at the forward part of the chamber taken in the direction of rotation of the blades from the short axis, the leading edge of each inlet being vapor outlets adjacent the roots of the blades, said vapor outlets being disposed between the rear edges of said inlets and said shortaxis in a circumferential direction.

8. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber of generally elliptical shape having a long and short axis, said chamber being provided with oppositely disposed lands on the short axis of said chamber, a rotor having blades of equal length disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the lands as the blades rotate past said lands, an inlet adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edge of said inlet being substantially opposite the rear edge of one of said lands in a radial direction, the rear edge of said inlet being adjacent the longitudinal axis of said chamber, an outlet disposed adjacent the tips of the blades, the leading edge of the outlet being adjacent the rear edge of said inlet in a radial direction, said outlet extending beyond said longitudinal axis, and a relatively small vapor outlet adjacent the roots of the blades and substantially opposite the leading edge of another of said lands in a radial direction.

9. In a pump, the combination of a casing having a rotor chamber o f generally elliptical shape having a long and short axis, said chamber being provided with oppositely disposed lands on the short axis of said chamber, a rotor having blades of equal length disposed to rotate in said chamber whereby the tips of the blades are closely adjacent the lands as the blades rotate past said lands, an inlet on each side of the short axis adjacent the roots of the blades, the leading edge of said inlets being substantially opposite the rear edge of the land from which the blades are traveling and in a radial direction, the rear edge spaced from the short axis, the rear edge of eaeh of said inlets being adjacent the longitudinal axis direction.

ROBERT J. JAUCH. ROSS H. ARNOLD.

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