US2310144A - Valve cooling means - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 2, 1943. EB YINGLING VALVE cooLme VMEANS Filed June 3, 1941 (Itt orne g Patented Feb. 2, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2 Claims.

The present invention relates to improvements in valve cooling means for internal combustion more especially applied to engines of the two cycle type. The subject matter of the present invention and application for patent is a continuation in part of one of the inventions disclosed in my copending application for patent Serial Number 350,750 filed August 3, 1940.

In the physical embodiment of the present invention in a two cycle multi-cylinder internal combustion engine I employ a set comprising two pairs of hollow exhaust valves for each cylinder of the engine, and each hollow valve is fashioned with a tubular stem for circulation of the cooling medium, as oil. After the power stroke of the reciprocating piston in its cylinder, the spent gas is exhausted from the cylinder through the seats of these four valves which open inwardly into the cylinder. These valves, together with their operating means are located in the cylinder head or engine head, and in the system for cooling the valves, and for lubricating the valves and other operating parts within a housing over the cylinder head, I employ a pump which circulates oil under pressure, and in connection with a sump and suitable piping.

In the accompanying drawing I have illustrated one set of valves, cooling means, and lubricating means therefor, in which my invention is embodied, and the invention consists in certain novel combinations and arrangements of parts as will hereinafter be more fully set forth and claimed. The drawing shows one complete example of the physical embodiment of my invention, but it will be understood that changes and alterations may be made in the exemplifying drawing without departing from the principles of my invention.

Figure 1 is a top plan view showing a portion of a cylinder head with its top housing removed, and disclosing a set of four oil-cooled valves and part of the valve operating means embodying my invention. I

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view as at line 2-2 in Figure l and transversely of the engine, showing a pair of exhaust valves and operating means therefor, together with the means for delivering the cooling and lubricating oil to the valves.

Figure 3 is an enlarged vertical sectional view as at line 3-3 of Figure 1 showing one of the reciprocating, hollow, exhaust valves with its tubular stem, and also disclosing one of the stationary or fixed oil supply pipes within the valve ure 1 showing the arrangement of the pipes supplying oil to the duplex oil troughs or chambers.

In order that the general arrangement and relation of parts may readily be understood I have shown in Figures 1 and 2 a portion of the cylinder head I having four valve seats as 2, and it will be understood that a set of two pairs of inwardly or downwardly opening exhaust valves 3 control these openings or valve seats. The four diametrically arranged valve openings or seats 2 communicate through exhaust chamber 4 of the cylinder head with the usual exhaust manifold that is mounted alongside the engine head.

For supporting the valves and guiding the re ciprocating movement of the tubular stems, four cylindrical sleeves 5 are mounted in the engine head and they pass down through the water chamber 6 and a depressed partition 1 which separates the exhaust chamber 4 from the water spaces 6.

As best seen in Figure 3 each hollow valve 3 has a tubular stem 8 which reciprocates in a guide bushing 9 that is rigidly mounted in one of the sleeves 5, and the upper open end of the tubular valve stem is provided with a collar in threaded thereon.

Directly beneath the collar the stem is fashioned with a reduced neck portion, and atapered, split resilient washer II is mounted about the neck portion for the support of an open center disk I2, and the valve spring i3 is coiled about a portion of the stem and a portion of the bushing and interposed between this disk i2 and a complementary disk l4. This disk l4 encircles an annular flange l5 exterior of the bushing 9 and both the disk I4 and flange I5 are supported on the upper or outer face of the top of the cylinder head I. Thus itwill be understood that the spring tends to lift the valve and holdit up against its seat 2 to close the exhaust port from the cylinder.

For lubricating the valve stem 8 as it reciprocates in its guide bushing 9, the latter is fashioned with an interior enlargement that forms an oil chamber l6 within its inner bore, and nal ports are shown at H extending outwardly to an annular oil groove [8 whi h i fashioned in the top face of the flange l5 of the bushing. Sprayed oil, in a shower, is collected the oil chamber, and in this manner the valve stem is lubricated.

The valves are depressed from their seats, and opened, in pairs, through operating mechanism actuated in suitable manner from the cams of the cam shaft of the engine. For imparting the opening movement to the pairs of valves I employ two T-shaped cross heads l9 each having a depending sleeve 20 that telescopes over a fixed tubular post 2|, and a spring 22 (dotted lines Fig. 2) is mounted in this telescoping structure to lift the depressible, resiliently supported. cross-head after it has been depressed to open a pair of valves.

In Figure 2 it will be seen that the two valves are adjustable on opposite ends of the cross head through the instrumentality of externally threaded comparatively long bushings 23 that are threaded in the bearings 20 of the cross head l9, and the lower ends of these bushings are seated in recesses in the upper portions of the collars ID fixed at the upper ends of the tubular valve stems.

The collar 13, the cross-head bearing 29' and the bushing or gland 23 thus form a continuation of the upper end of the tubular valve stem 8, and the cooling oil flowing upwardly through the tubular stem is sprayed out through the upper open end 23 of the bushing 23.

The operating means for the two pairs of valves includes two rocker arms 24 and 25, each of which contacts with a cross head to depress it against the tension of its spring 22. These arms are pivoted in bearings at 26, mounted in suitable brackets on top of the cylinder head, and to the short arm 2'! of each rocker arm a spring rod 28 is pivoted. The lower end of this rod passes into a slide sleeve 29 upon the lower end of which sleeve a roller 39 is journaled and adapted for co-operation with one of the cams of the cam shaft in operating the valves.

The hollow valves and their tubular stems are internally cooled by the circulating and lubricating oil which is supplied under pressure from a suitable pump, through a system of pipes one of which pipes is indicated at 3| in Figure 4 and here referred to as the main oil supply pipe. This main pipe ha two branches 32 and 33 and together with suitable couplings and fittings the branch pipes are each connected with a closed oil distributing trough as 36 and 35. These troughs are arranged in parallelism, transversely of the cross heads and above them, and each trough is provided with two spaced outlet or distributing pipes 36 attached by a clamp nut 31 at the under side of the trough. Each of these fixed and stationary distributing pipes depends from the trough through one of the tubular valve stems and terminates in a nozzle 38 located in the hollow valve. Each trough is mounted at its opposite ends upon an upright bracket ,39 bolted on top of the cylinder head, and suitable fastening means, as a stud bolt 40 and nut 4| are employed for securing the troughs on their brackets.

In Figure 4 the branch pipe 42 is indicated as leading to the rocker-arm bearing 26 to supply lubricating oil thereto.

It will be understood that a cover or housing is employed over the valve units in Figure 2 to protect operating parts and also to prevent loss or waste of oil as it is sprayed from the upper open end 23 of the bushing 23 ,over the parts. The cooling and lubricating oil from the pump is supplied through the main pipe 3| and flows under pressure through the branch pipes 32 and 33 to the troughs from where the oil flows through the distributing pipes 36 to the interior of the cavity in the head and tubular stems. The oil thus fills the hollow valve and tubular stem and circulates upwardly through the stem and is sprayed from its upper end, the spraying action being enhanced by the reciprocating movement of the valve with relation to the stationary pipe 35. Thus the lubricating of the valve stem is accomplished at [6, I 1, and lBas before described, and other working parts of the operating means are also lubricated. After having been sprayed from the tubular stems the oil is returned to the usual sump below the crank case of the engine and again passed through the oil pump and supplied under pressure to the main pipe as 3|.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine the combination with a pair of spaced hollow exhaust valves mounted for reciprocatory movement each valve having a tubular stem open at its upper end, and means for supporting and guiding the reciprocal movement of the valves, of a pair of spaced upright brackets adjacent the valves, a liquid cooling trough supported on the brackets, means for supplying liquid to the trough, and a stationary pipe depending from said trough and extending through each of the'tubular stems respectively, for the supply of a cooling liquid from said trough to the head of said valve, said liquid overflowing through the upper end of the valve stems.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder-head and a post mounted thereon, a depressible cross head resiliently mounted on the post, said cross-head having two end bearings, and a bushing threaded in each bearing with its lower end below the bearing, of a pair of hollow exhaust valves mounted for reciprocatory movement and having tubular stems each with an open upper end, a collar rigid with the upper open end of each stem and forming a socket for the lower end of a bushing, a stationary liquid cooling supply-pipe depending through each tubular valve unit to the head of said valve, and a liquid supply trough connecting the upper ends of said supply pipes.

FRANK B. YINGLING.

Images