US2309171A - Vibratory motion producing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 26, 1943.

L. M. DE KANSKI 2,309,171 VIBRATORY MOTIONPRODUCING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 9, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

L EON M. DE KANSKI FIG. 3. BY

WM-M

1943- L. M. DE KANSK] 2,309,171

VIBRATORY MOTION PRODQCING APPARATUS Filed Sept. 9, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. LEON M. DEKANSKI BY Patented Jan. 26, 1943 VIBRATORY MOTION PRODUCING APPARATUS Leon M. De Kanskl, Milan, Italy Application September 9, 1938, Serial No. 229,226 In Italy September 25, 1937 13 Claims.

The present invention relates to an arrangement which is able to produce persistent mechanical oscillations of variable direction and intensity, to be applied to vibrating screens, vibrating separators, vibrating conveyors or to other cases where a harmonic or non-harmonic vibration of known and controllable direction, frequency and amplitude is to be obtained.

Theoretically the arrangement is built up from two masses bound together by resilient means which form a conservative oscillating circuit.

,, The features of uch an oscillating system include the fact that the oscillation of the masses is possible with extremely low power consumption, provided that the impulses from the motor occur in resonance with the natural frequency of the system. The vibrating energy travels between the two masses and the resilient medium and changes periodically from kinetic to potential, without leaving the system except for the slight friction loss. Thus no vibration is transmitted to the supporting structure on which the machine embodying the system may be suspended by means of relatively soft springs. This dynamic system including two resiliently interconnected vibrating masses or bodies is herein called a resonance vibrating system.

The various objects and features of the invention will be more apparent from a consideration of the accompanying drawings and the following description wherein several exemplary embodi-' ments of the invention are disclosed.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing one form of the vibrating means associated with a screening sieve, for adjusting the direction of vibration in one plane.

Fig. 2 is a cross-section through the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a side view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view showing another form of the vibrating means associated with a screen, and means for adjusting the direction of vibration in more than one plane.

Fig. 5 is a detail side view of the vibrating means shown in the embodiment of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a top view of the device shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is another form of vibrating means that can be substituted for the one shown in Figs. 4, 5 and 6.

Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a construction employing the dynamical principle applied to screens, conveyors or the like. An unbalanced shaft b rotates in the bearings 12 and has at the end a pulley p. Bearings v are connected by means of lamelled springs c, to a spider or adjustable frame portion d. 'The sieve, consisting of the frame a with screens 1', has a horizontal pipe e fixedly mounted in the frame a, through which pipe extends the shaft b. The spiders d are shown to be adjustably fixed on the pipe e as indicated by set screws d, and they are angularly adjustable in any position thus determining the direction of the oscillations which occur in a sense normal to the lamelled springs c and in the plane passing through the axis of the shaft b. In this case the oscillations are due to the centrifugal force of the eccentric weight m of the shaft b. Whereas in this embodiment the pipe e is indicated to be permanently fixed in the frame a, and the spiders d are adjustably fixed on the pipe e, it should be understood that vice versa the spiders d might be considered fixed on the pipe e which latter could be made rotatably adjustable relative to the frame a. or else adjustability could be provided between the pipe e and the frame a as well as between the spiders d and the pipe 6. The screen frame a is shown to be suspended by four springs I attached to studs t. ment the spiders d are angularly adjustable relative to thescreeu about an axis passing substantially through the center of gravity of the screen and extending co-axial with the axis of gyration of the unbalanced mass m. The path of vibration described by the screen in this embodiment and due to the construction of the springs shown, will not be a true straight line, but slightly elliptic, that is to say in the form of a long and very narrow ellipse, the long axis of which is substantially representative of what is herein considered to be the direction of vibration. Rotation is imparted to the shaft 17 by means of a belt, not shown, driving the pulley p. In this embodiment the resonance vibrating system comprises the screen frame as a. first body or mass, while the bearings v together with the unbalanced shaft b substantially constitute the second body of the resonance vibrating system.

Fig. 4 shows a vibrating screen unit operating on the same dynamic principle as the embodiment of Fig. 1. However, instead of being adjustable in only one plane, the direction of vibration in the embodiment of Fig. 4 is adjustable in more than one plane. That is to say, there is provided upon the screen an annular structure or ring k upon which in turn a vibrating unit, for instance of type shown in Figs. 5 and 6 or of the type shown in Fig. 7, can be mounted. It will be seen that the vibrating unit is adjustable upon the ring is about a vertical axis by way of the holes is in the ring it, and the fastening bolts or stirrups q onthe vibrating unit. The vibrating unit is furthermore adjustable about a horizontal axis, namely the axis of the pivots n of the vibrating unit, and the pivots n can be fixed with respect to the stirrup members q and thereby with respect to the annular frame struc- In this emboditure is by suitable means indicated by way of set'sorews q.

Figs. 5 and 6 show detail views of the vibrating unit mounted on the ring k in Fig. 4. The unit comprises a weight w made of only one piece, connected with a frame :1 by means of four bundles of flexible springs c, the ends of which are fixed to deformable plates h forming a portion of the frame. This unit may be arranged as above explained, in any direction with regard to the operating machine, by mounting it on a frame as illustrated in Fig. 4. Within the said vibratory body disposed between them, the

weight w is provided a straight-line vibrating head of the cylinder, the one is unitary with the weight w, and the other is unitary by means of a stem 1, with the frame d. A connection I is shown on the weight b, whereby a fluid pressure medium can be introduced to operate the Vibration inducing device or vibrating motor.

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a vibrating unit that can be substituted for the one shown in Figs. 5 and 6, and mounted on the ring 70 as in Fig. 4. It comprises the frame d and pivots 11 similar to the corresponding parts in Figs 5 and 6. The weight w has a pressure fluid operated vibrating motor and a pressure fluid connection 1' and a stem Z corresponding to similar parts in Figs. 5 and 6. In distinction from Figs. 5 and 6, the unit in Fig. '7 is provided with coil springs 0 instead of with flat springs.

Although the disclosure of this invention (with reference to Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7) is not limited to any particular type of vibration producing means, and mainly outlines the advantages of the vibrating system as defined above, it is noteworthy to 12 .int out that this system (with reference to the embodiment shown in Figs. 4,6, 6

and '7) will provide particular advantages if used with a straight-line vibrator.

By straight-line vibrator is meant a vibrating motor producing a rectilinear reciprocation. Fluid pressure motors are in this category, and they may for example be of the kind that is operated by compressed air. In this general category also are electromagnetic and internal combustion motors.

The combination of the vibrating system as shown in Figs. 4, 5, 6 and 7, with a. straight-line vibrator will provide the further advantage of relatively lowest power consumption if the control means for the motor, that is, valves in case of fluid pressure motors and electric contacts prise a compensatory member for supporting one end of the spring on said first body, which member is deformable in a direction normal to that of the vibrations, and substantially unyielding in direction of the vibrations.

2. In a vibratory'apparatus, in combination a vibratory body, a pair of flexion springs having intermediateportions of said springs being operatively connected with saidvibratory body,

and a frame structure comprising a relatively rigid portion, and a pair of relatively more elastic compensatory portions to which the respective ends of said springs are attached, which compensatory portions are deformable in a direction normal to that of the vibrations and substantially unyielding in the direction of'the vibrations incident to the flexing of said springs.

3. In a vibratory apparatus, in combination a vibratory body, two pairs of flexion springs, each pair having a portion of said vibratory body disposed between thein, and having their intermediate portions operatively connected with said vibratory body, and a frame structure comprising a relatively rigid portion surrounding said vibratory body, and a pair of relatively more elastic com-' pensatory portions to which the respective ends of said springs are attached, which compensatory portions are deformable in a direction normal to that of the vibrations and substantially unyieldingin the direction of the vibrations incident to the flexing of said springs.

4. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a system a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, resilient means operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one another, vibration-inducing means associated with the second body, means for fioatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed between said resilient means and the first body and constituting with said second body and said resilient means a unitary structure adjustable as such with respect to the first body for varying the direction of vibration of one body with respect to the other, said adjustable means comprising a frame structure having a pair of pivots whereby it is angularly adjustable in a plane relative to said first body, and an additional frame interposed between the first mentioned frame and said first body, and means for adjusting said first mentioned frame upon said additional frame in another plane relative to said tem a first vibratory body, a second vibratory.

in case of electro-magnetic motors, be controlled directly by the two masses.

With this arrangement the vibrating system will automatically operate substantially at its natural frequency, under which conditions the system will require the minimum energy to maintain a given amplitude.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in whatmanner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is:

1. In a vibratory apparatus, in combination a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, a flexion spring having its intermediate portion operatively connected with the second vibratory body, means for mounting each end of said spring upon said first vibratory body, which means comfirst body.

5. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a sysbody, resilient means operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one an other, vibration-inducing means associated with I the second body, means for floatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed between said resilient means and the body relative to the first body in more than one plane, each of which is fixed with respect to the first body.

6. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a system a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, resilient means operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one another, vi-

bration-inducing means associated with the second body, means for floatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed bctween said resilient means and the first body and constituting with said second body and said resilient means a unitary structure adjustable as such with respect to thefirst body for varying the direction of vibration of one body with respect to the other, said vibration-inducing means comprising a rotary unbalanced mass, the adjustable means comprising a frame angularly adjustable relative to the first body about an axis passing subtantially through the center of gravity of both bodies and substantially coaxial with the axis of gyration of said unbalanced mass.

7. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a system a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, resilient means operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one another, vibration-inducing means associated with the second body, means for floatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed between said resilient means and the first body and constituting with said second body and said resilient means a unitary structure adjustable as such with respect to the first body for varying the direction of vibration of one body with respect to the other, the said vibrationinducing means comprising an unbalanced rotary mass, said adjustable means comprising a frame rotatably adjustable with respect to the first body, the resilient means comprising a fiexion spring the ends of which are attached to said adjustable frame, and the intermediate portion of which operatively supports said rotary unbalanced mass. g

8. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a system a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, resiiientnreans operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one another, vibration-inducing means associated with the second body, means for fioatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed between said resilient means and the first body and constituting with said second body and said resilient means a unitary structure adjustable as such with respect to the first body for varying the direction of vibration of one body with respect to the other, said adjustable means comprising a frame extending across the first body, the resilient means comprising two units disposed at respective opposed sides of said first body and mounted upon corresponding ends of said frame, the second body comprising an ele ment also extending across said first body, each end of said element being operatively interconnected with a corresponding adjacent end of said frame by way of said respective resilient units.

9. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a system a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, resilient means operatively interconnecting said vibratory bodies and deformable in accordance with the direction of vibratory movement of said bodies towards and away from one another, vibration-inducing means associated with the second body, means for floatingly supporting said system, and adjustable structural means interposed between said resilient means and the first body and constituting with said second body and said resilient means a unitarystructure adjustable as such with respect to the first body for varying the direction of vibration of one body with respect to the other, said vibration-inducing means comprising an unbalanced rotor, said adjustable means comprising a frame portion disposed at each end of said rotor and rotatably adjustable with respect to the, first body and substantially coaxially wtih said rotor, a hollow cylindrical member surrounding said rotor, upon the respective ends of which hollow member said frame portions are mounted, the resilient means being operatively disposed between each frame portion and the adjacent end portion of the rotor.

10. Vibratory apparatus embodying a fioatingly supported resonance vibrating system, comprising a first vibratory body, body comprising a pair of bearings and an unbalanced shaft, the respective end portions of which are rotatably supported by said bearings, and resilient energy storing means connecting each bearing with the first body, which resilient means are deformable substantially in the direction of the vibrations of the said system, said resilient means comprising a curved flexure spring the ends of which are attached to said first body, and the intermediate portion of which spring is connected with the respective bearing,

11. Vibratory apparatus embodying a floatingly supported resonance vibrating system, comprising a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body comprising a pair of bearings and an unbalanced shaft, the respective end portions of which are rotatably supported by said bearings, and resilient energy storing means connecting each bearing with the first body, which resilient means are deformable substantially in the direction of the vibrations of the said system, said resilient means comprising a pair of curved flexure springs straddling said shaft, the ends of which springs are attached to said first body, and the intermediate portions of which springs are connected with the respective bearing,

12. Vibratory apparatus comprising as a float ingly supported system, a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body, a. fiexion spring having its intermediate portion operatively connected with the second vibratory body and constituting therewith a rotatably adjustable unit, means for mounting each end of said spring upon said first body, which means comprise a compensatory member for supporting one end of the spring with respect to said first body, said memberbeing deformable in a direction substantially normal to that of the vibrations, and substantially unyielding in the direction of the vibrations incident to the flexing of said spring, and means for rotatable adjustment of said unit with respect to the first body.

13. Vibratory apparatus embodying a floatingly supported resonance vibrating system, comprising a first vibratory body, a second vibratory body comprising a pair of bearings and an unbalanced shaft the respective end portions of which are rotatably supported by said bearings, and resilient energy storing means connecting each bearing with the first body, which resilient means are deformable substantially in the direction of the vibrations of said system.

LEON M. DE KANSKI.

a second vibratory

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