US230872A - Haeey l - Google Patents
Haeey l Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US230872A US230872A US230872DA US230872A US 230872 A US230872 A US 230872A US 230872D A US230872D A US 230872DA US 230872 A US230872 A US 230872A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- nickel
- solution
- acid
- formate
- oxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 90
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid Chemical compound OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M methanoate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 6
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N AI2O3 Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001427 coherent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005712 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- My invention relates to an improvement in the art of nickelplating; and it consists in the employment of a solution containing formate of nickel, with excess of acid, as hereinafter more fully set forth.
- the oxide of nickel is 2 then dissolved in formic acid.
- the resulting solution is the formate of nickel.
- This solution should be diluted. I have obtained excellent results when such solution has a specific gravity of 1.050, water being 1.000; but use- 0 ful results may be accomplished within a wide range of strength of the solution, and. good results may be obtained when the solution is much weaker than is above stated. The weaker the solution, however, the longer time is required to obtain the deposit under the same conditions.
- Formate of nickel is capable of crystallization, and therefore can be manufactured and sold in a cheap and convenient form ready for use, and could be used by any nickel-plater simply by dissolving it in water.
- the solution is prepared the anode and cathode are immersed in it, and the electric battery is applied.
- the specific gravity of 1.050 I have used a Daniell battery of three cells or a Bunsen battery of one cell. m
- the action of the battefiupon the formic acid in the solution of the formate of nickel is such that carbonic-acid gas and oxygen go to the anode and metallic nickel and hydrogen go to the cathode, and the nickel is deposited.
- the hydrated oxide of nickel may be employed, and such hydrate may be precipitated from any solution of nickel by an alkali, such as potash.
- the hydrate so formed may be washed, and when dried is dissolved in the formic acid.
- the process is a continuous one, and the solution needs no replenishing with salts of nickel, the nickel being supplied from the anode.
- the deposit may be of any thickness, 0 and will always be firm, flexible, and white.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
Description
UNITED STATES PATENT rFrcE.
HARRY L. HAAS, OF NEXV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR OF ONE-FOURTH OF HIS RIGHT TO ALEXANDER LEVETT, OF SAME PLACE.
SOLUTION FOR NICKEL-PLATING.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 230,872, dated August 10, 1880. Application filed February 18, 1880.
To all whom it may concern:
Be itknown that I, H. L. HAAS, of the city, county, and State of New York, chemist, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Nickel-Plating, consisting of a new process of securing the electro-deposition of nickel.
In order to enable others to practice my invention, I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.
My invention relates to an improvement in the art of nickelplating; and it consists in the employment of a solution containing formate of nickel, with excess of acid, as hereinafter more fully set forth.
I use as an anode an ordinary cast nickel plate prepared in any of the usual methods. I take the green oxide of nickel, well known as an article of commerce, or I form oxide of nickel by dissolving commercial nickel (the purer the better) in nitric acid, thereby forming a nitrate of nickel. This should be evaporatedto dryness, and when heated leaves the green oxide of nickel. The oxide of nickel is 2 then dissolved in formic acid. The resulting solution is the formate of nickel. This solution should be diluted. I have obtained excellent results when such solution has a specific gravity of 1.050, water being 1.000; but use- 0 ful results may be accomplished within a wide range of strength of the solution, and. good results may be obtained when the solution is much weaker than is above stated. The weaker the solution, however, the longer time is required to obtain the deposit under the same conditions.
Formate of nickel is capable of crystallization, and therefore can be manufactured and sold in a cheap and convenient form ready for use, and could be used by any nickel-plater simply by dissolving it in water.
WVhen the solution is prepared the anode and cathode are immersed in it, and the electric battery is applied. With the solution of 5 the specific gravity of 1.050 I have used a Daniell battery of three cells or a Bunsen battery of one cell. m
The action of the battefiupon the formic acid in the solution of the formate of nickel is such that carbonic-acid gas and oxygen go to the anode and metallic nickel and hydrogen go to the cathode, and the nickel is deposited.
Instead of using the oxide of nickel in forming the solution, the hydrated oxide of nickel may be employed, and such hydrate may be precipitated from any solution of nickel by an alkali, such as potash. The hydrate so formed may be washed, and when dried is dissolved in the formic acid.
It is not necessary that the solution which I employ should be free from potash, soda, lime, or alumina, or even from traces of nitric acid, for articles which have been cleaned by such alkalies or acid, and which are left by careless workmen with a little of such substances adhering, will not affect my solution.
The result of using the solution aforesaid is the electro-deposition of a firm, coherent, and continuous deposit of clean and white nickel, 7c and the use of such solution possesses the following advantages over any previous process with which I am acquainted:
First, it is an acid solution, and the battery-currentdoes not affect it within any reasonable limits of intensity.
Second, it contains no ammonia. Hence there is no liability to decomposition and the liberation of free ammonia by the use of a high battery power, which impairs the value of other solutions.
Third, the process is a continuous one, and the solution needs no replenishing with salts of nickel, the nickel being supplied from the anode.
Fourth, no precautions need be taken to see that the solution is free from the presence of potash, soda, alumina, lime, or nitric or other acid.
Fifth, the deposit may be of any thickness, 0 and will always be firm, flexible, and white.
It will be perceived that the-basis of my invention is the use of a diluted solution of formate of nickel containing an excess of acid, and that this solution requires less care and is 5 cheaper in management than anysolution with which I am acquainted.
When the formate of nickel is used as above specifically described the only precaution which it is necessary to observe is that the ar- :00
What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1 In the art of nickel-plating, a solution eon-. taining formate of nickel with excess of acid, and diluted to the required strength, substangially as described, and for the purpose set orth.
HARRY L. HAAS.
Witnesses:
SAML. R. BETTS, J. L. HAAS.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US230872A true US230872A (en) | 1880-08-10 |
Family
ID=2300247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US230872D Expired - Lifetime US230872A (en) | Haeey l |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US230872A (en) |
-
0
- US US230872D patent/US230872A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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