US2305812A - Boring machine - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 22, 1942. P. 'REGUL BORING MACHINE Filed ooi. 30,1940

4 Sheets-Sheet l JNVENToR. PAU/ Rael/L m @L 4 7' TOR/VEYS De. 22, 1942.' v P REUL, 2,305,812

BORING MACHINE Filed Ooi. 30, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR. PA UL E EGUL A 7 TOENEKS Dec. 22, 1942. P. REGUL BORING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Oct. 50, 1940 WP W P p Dec. 22, 1942. P. REGUL.

BORING-MACHINE 4 sheets-sheen 4 Filed Oct. 30. 1.940

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Patented Dec. 22, 1942 BORING MACHINE Paul Regui, Dessau-Alten, Germany: vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application October 30, 1940, Serial No. 363,441 y In Germany June 6, 1939 14 claims.

required for the drilling of a bore hole which is closed at one end take place entirely fautomatically.

Another object is the provision of steering and switching means enabling a boring machine to perform automatically all the boring operations necessary during the boring of a bore hole which is closed at one end.

A further object isthe provision of an automatically operable boring machine capable of drilling a bore hole having a roof-like bottom surface.

Other objects will become apparent in the course of the following specicatlon.

The drill of a boring machine of the described type should be capable of carrying out two difierent feed movements, namely, a longitudinal feed movement and a transverse feed movement. l'n accomplishing the objects of the present invention it was found desirable to provide a common steering device for actuating the means causing the two feed. movements. Furthermore. in accordance with the present invention, the longitudinal feed movement is provided by the main drive of the machine which rotates the drilling tool. The common steering device infiuences the operation of the main driving motor. A separate drive which is influenced by the common steering device is provided for the transverse feed movement.

In accordance with the present invention, th steering device causes by mechanical means the longitudinal feed movement of the tool, while it provides for the transverse feed movement' by electrical switching means.

The invention will appear more clearly from the following detailed description when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings showing, by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the inventive idea, namely. a boring machine aggregate used for providing compression chambers within cylinder heads of internal combustion engines;

A boring machine capable of drilling such compression chambers must be able to provide the roof-like bottom surfaces of these chambers. This roof-like bottom surface should not extend uniformly on both sides of its ridge. but must be comprised of inclined surfaces one of .which has a lesser angle of inclination than the other one.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section through a boring machine constructed in accordance with the principles of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section through the boring machine taken at right angles to the section of Figure l.

Figures 1 and 2 show the position at the end of the transverse feed movement and shortly before the beginning of the quick return movement.

Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating the electrical connections of the boring machine and also showing a single aggregate consisting of three boring lmachines operating simultaneously upon three cylinder head bore-holes formed one nextto the other. in a w'orkfpiece'. Figure 3l illustrates the position at the beginning of the longitudinal feed movement.

' Figure 3a is similar to Figure 3 and illustrates the position at the beginning of the transverse feed movement.

i Figure 3b is similar to Figure 3 and illustrates the position at the beginning of the Yquicl: return movement.

Figure 4 is a section along the line IV--IV of Fig. 3. v

Figure 5 is a perspective view, partly in section, illustrating a work piece. Y

As shown in Figure 3. the aggregate has three boring machines A. B and C.

The boring machine A shown in Figures 1 and 2, has a tubular casing I. The device operating the transverse feed of the tool 3 is situated in that part of the casing I which is close to the work piece AW while the device producing the longitudinal feed movement of the tool l issituated at the opposite end of the casing I.

The drilling tool 3 is rotated by the main motor 45 (Fig. 3), the shaft 50 of which carries a pulley 5I. vAnd endless belt 52 passes over the pulley 5I and over the pulley 2 situated within the casing I and illustrated in Figures 1 and 2.

The steel tool 3 is held within a tool holder 53 which is integral with one end of a swinging lever I. The lever I is pivoted at 54 intermediate its ends in a sleeve or tube 5. The steel holder 53 is enclosed by a lsupport 55 having a round surface which is slidable upon inner supportingv surfaces Y of the casing I.

The inner free end of the lever 4 carries a roller t lengaging a spatial cam 9, the form of which determines longitudinally as well as transversely the form of the roof-like bottom surface 5t' of the bore-hole 51.

'I'he tube 5 encloses the lever 4 and constitutes a. supportl for the tool 3. A spring 6 is situated between the tube 5 and an outer tube l, so that the tube 5 rests by means of the spring 6 upon the tube l which transmits thepressure of the spring B to the casing I At the same time, the spring 6 maintains the roller 8 in contact with the surfaces of the cam 9.

When the steel 3 is brought to bear against the work piece W, the cam 5, due to its form, steers the reciprocatory longitudinal movement of the lever t, the extent of this movementdetermining the height of the side surfaces of the bore hole.

The cam 9 is mounted upon a rod i3 which is movable longitudinally within the casing I but which cannot rotate relatively thereto. The rod I carries a pin II extending transversely through the rod I0 and carrying a roller I2. The roller I2 is situated within an annular groove I3 provided in a hollow steering element or drum M which is rotatably mounted within the casing I.

The pulley 2 is rigidly connected with a gear Wheel I5 the teeth of which mesh with the teeth of a pinion I6 mounted upon a shaft I'l. The shaft I'I is rotatably mounted in the casing i and carries a worm I6 which meshes with a worm gear i9.

The worm gear i9 is firmly connected with a worm 2! which meshes with the worm-gear 2i. The worm-gear 2| is iirmly connected with the drum it. Thus the rotation of the pulley 2 is transmitted to the drum i4.

The guide groove I3 of the drum Il) has an upwardly extending portion I3a (Fig. 2) which is used to provide the forward feed movement. The

groove I3 also has a portion I3b extending parallel to the planing surface, and the roller I2 runs through this part of the groove without effect during the transverse feed. Finally, the groove H includes a downwardly extending portion I3c which is situated next to the portion I3a and which causes the return movement of the tool 3.

The gears i5, I6, i8, i9, 23 and 2| situated between the pulley 2v and the drum I4 have transmission ratios which are so selected with a view to the required form of the roof-like bore hole that the drum I4 carries out one revolution during the entire boring operation.

The pulley 2 drivesthe tube l so that the latter rotates along with the pulley 2. The tube i carries elongated pins 22 which project into corresponding bore-holes provided in the tube 5. Thus, the tube 5 rotates along with the tube 1 while it is capable of longitudinal motion relatively to the tube l.

The tube 5 carries a shaft 23 and a gear wheel 24 is keyed upon the shaft 23. The gear wheel 2d meshes with the inner teeth 25a of a driving element or a worm gear 25.

The shaft 23 also carries a. worm 26 which meshes with a worm gear V2l connected with a worm 28. A worm gear 29 meshes with the worm 28 and is connected with a worm 3B. The worm 3@ meshes with a toothed element SI which is firmly connected with the lever 4.

When the worm gear23 does not move, the gear wheel 24 carries out a planetary movement While meshing with the inner teeth 25a of the swinging lever is actuated bythe gears 25 to 29.

same. 32 is provided which is in engagement with a contact ring 32a and, during the transverse feed movement, slides over a resistance 33 (Fig. 1) which is connected with the driving motor 45 (Fig. 3) This arrangement is substantially similar to that used in electric street cars. Due to the diminution of the operative resistance of the motor 45 caused by the movement of the contact 32 over the resistance 33 (Fig. 4), the number of revolutions of the motor 45 is gradually increased. This increase of the speed of rotation of the motor 45 compensates for the described speed drop so that actually the cutting speed of the tool 3 remains the same. movement upon the resistance body 33 when the motor 45 has its greatest resistance and terminates it when the resistance is a minimum, so that, whenv the machine is switched on again, the contact 32 bridges a small gap between two ends of conducting strips.

The change from the forward feed movement ol' the transverse feed movement is carried out by electrical and mechanical means, which include a drive for the worm gear 25.v The worm gear 25 is rmly mounted upon a worm shaft 35 serving as a motor shaft for two electric motors 4I and 43 (Fig. 3) The motor 4I runs with a smaller number of revolutions than the motor 43 which rotates in the opposite direction and many times as quickly. The rotors of the two motors 4I and 43 are rigidly connected with the shaft 35.

A ring 3S (Fig. l) is keyed upon the drum I4 so that it can be adjusted longitudinally. A cam 31 (Fig. 3) is provided in one part of the ring 3i. A steering lever or switch 38 which may be pivoted upon thecasing I, is actuated by the cam 31.

The switch 33 is included in an electrical circuit which comprises a relay 40 operating a switch 58 vand connected with a hand lever 39. The switch 53 is situated in the circuit of the motor 4I, said circuit including the mains a and b, the wires a, f, e' and e and a relay 69.

The drum I4 carries another ring 42 provided with a cam 5s which is used to close a switch In connected by a wire g with a relay SI which is adapted tc actuate a switch 1I situated in the circuit of the motor 43, to rotate the shaft 35 in the reverse direction and with a greater speed than the motor 4I to effect a quick withdrawal of the tool 3 from the bore hole 51.

The drum I4 carries a third ring 44 which is provided with a cam 52 adapted to close a switch 83 connected to a relay 54 actuating a switch 58 which is situated in the circuit c, d and c' of the main driving motor 45. The relay $4 is also connected with the switch 53 through the relay 33 and wire e' and with the relay 5I through the Normally, the cutting speed would drop during wires r and s and the relay 10. The arrangement is such that when the switch 53 actuated by thev cam 62 of the ring 44 is closed, the relays 34 and l 16 are both energized so that the main motor 45 and the motor 43 are stopped as the same time.

TheV machine operates as follows: When the lever 39 is switched on, the motor 4I is energized by current flowing from the mains aA and b through the wires e and e', the electromagnet 39, and the wires f and g (Fig. 3). The coil of the relay 53 is energized and attracts the core (59a in a direction opposite to that of the arrow x.

lSince the core 63a is connected by insulation with the core 34a, the latter is moved out of the coil of the relay 64; At the time the lever 39 is switched on, the relay 84 remains energized, since the cam Si closes the'switch 63. However, since the relay In order to avoid this drawback, a contact` The sliding Contact 32 begins its Y The rotation of the main motor 45 is trans` mitted by its shaft 50 and the pulley 5I tothe endless belt 52, embracing the pulley 2 of the machine A (Fig. 2). The gear wheel I5 rotates with the pulley 2 and turns `the pinion I6. The rotation of the pinion I6 is transmitted by the shaft I1, the worm I8, the worm gear I9, the worm 20 and the worm gear 2I to the drum I4 which is rrnly connected with the worm gear 2l. Thus, the drum I4 rotates along with the pulley 2. However, the transmission ratios of the worm gears I9 and 2i and the worms I8 and 20 are so selected that the drum I4 will carry out one revolution during the entire boring operation.

Since the roller I2 is situated within the groove i3 of the drum I4, the rotation of the drum I4 will cause a longitudinal movement of the piston I and the cam 8 connected therewith while the roller I2 is situated in the inclined vgroove portions ita and I3c.

Since the pulley 2 is firmly connected with the sleeve l, the latter will rotate along with the pulley 2 and due to the provision of the pins 22, the tube 5 will be also rotated along with the lever i and the tool 3.

The shaft 23 is eccentrically mounted in the tube ti so that it will rotate along with the latter.

The portion i3d of the groove i3 will move forward the piston iii, the sleeve 5 and the lever il,

so that the tool 3 will carry out its forward feed movement. Since the motor 4i is energized, it will rotate the shaft 35. The motor @I and its power transmitting means are so constructed that the shaft 35 and the worm gear 25 carried thereby will rotate with a speed equal to that of the tubes 5 and l. Consequently, the shaft 23 and the gear wheel 2d carried thereby will rotate with the same speed as the worm gear 25 the inner teeth 25a of which mesh with the gear wheel 24.

Thus, during the forward feed movement the worm gear 25 rotates along with the sleeve 5 and the pulley 2, and with the same number of revolutions, so that the gear wheel 2@ cannot carry out its planetary movementalong the inner teeth 25a of the gear worm 25. Therefore, the entire transverse feed drive 26 to 3l is then at a standstill.

Since the machine A'is connected by endless belts 66 and 61 with the machines B Aand C, the

drums ill of the three machines begin their rotation at the same time. The drums It, the cam discs 36, 12 and it and the contact 32 sliding between the contact ring 32a and vhe resistance 33 begin their rotation simultaneously and turn once during the entire operation.

At the end of the forward feed movement steered by the inclined groove i3a, namely, at the moment the roller i2 begins to be guided by the straight groove portion i312, the cam 3l of the ring @t closes the switch St, thereby 4closing the circuit of the wires h, i, and lc, switching off the switch 58 of the relay it and stopping the motor 6H along with the shaft 35 and the worm gear 25 carried thereby by interrupting the circuit of the wires 6, e', f, and g (Fig. 3a).

As soon Aas the motor tI is brought to a stop, the gear 2li of each machine begins to carry out its planetary movement while meshing with the inner teeth 25a of the worm gear 25. The worm gear will actuate by means of the shaft 23, the worm 2t, the worm gear 2, the worm 2t, the worm gear 29, the worm 30, the toothed element 3l and the lever 4 which will swing about its pivot 54, while the spring 6 presses the roller 8 against the surfaces of the cam 9. Thus, the driving of the sleeves 'I of the three machines by the motor 45 causes a gradual swinging movement of the levers 4 to cause the tools 3 to carry out their transverse feed movement inwardly from their outer positions.

The oscillatory movements of the lever 4 are determined by the cam 9 and in the course of these movements, the cutting edges of the tools 3 can move in two planes necessary to permit it to Y shape the roof-like bottom surface 56 of the borehole 51.

VWhile this transverse feed movement of each tool 3 is carried out by the swinging movement of the lever 4, the contact 32 -assumed the position a' (Fig.l 4)' in contact with the resistance 33, and

its further movement upon this resistance in the direction of the arrowy diminishes continually the amount of resistance electrically connected with the motor` in order to increase the rotation of the motor gradually while the edge'of each tool 3 approaches the central axis of the bore hole, in order to maintain substantially uniform the cutting speed of the tool 3.

` During the transverse feed movement the roller i2 is situated within the portion i3b of the groove i3.

The ring 2 is so arranged upon the drum it that its cam 59 closes the switch 60 as soon as the planing operation, i. e. the transverse feed move ment, has been completed and the roller I2 be gins to be guided by the groove I3c. The switch Eil operates the relay 6I, closing the circuit of the motor d3, since the core 'Ia is withdrawn from the currentless coil of the relay 'I0 and is attracted along with the core Bla by the coil of the relay BI. The switch 10 connected with the core Sla closes the circuit consisting of the wires a, a and b and the motor t3.

Since the motor (I3 is so constructed that it rotates'quicker than the motor SI and in an opposite direction, it will actuate the shaft 35 and the gears 2d to 3I, so that each lever fl along with the tool 3 carried thereby will return quickly to their original position.

In the meantime, the steering drum it con-l tinues its rotation and the roller i2 is situated within the inclined part H3C of the groove i3. This will move the roller I2 along with the piston It. in the direction away from the workpiece. Since the spring (i presses against the tube 5, the tube 5 and the lever il carried thereby will move along with the piston it, while the roller 8 remains in contact with the cam t. Thus, the tools 3 are withdrawn from the bore holes 57.- The sliding contact 32 leaves the windings of the resistance 33 and moves over a contact with the same maximum velocity (Fig. 4)

Pit the time when the roller i2 finds itself at the end of the inclined groove portion itc, the piston it] and the lever t are'situated in their extreme withdrawn position, which is. also their position at the beginning of the drilling operation.

The ring it which is provided with the cam 62, is so disposed upon the drum Ili that as soon as the return movement of the piston i@ is completed, the cam 62 closes the switch 63 which opens stop. After the automatic stopping of the machine and just beforev the starting position of the new cycle shown in Figure 3, the positions of the cams 3l, 59 and 62 are suchrthaty only the'cam 62 y connected with the mst-mentioned means for actuating the same, the slot in said drum being so formed that the second-mentioned means are inder heads of a motor are concerned, the number of the machine units carrying out this operation should correspond to about one-half of the number of the cylinders.

In the arrangement shown in Figure 3, three units A, B and C are operated simultaneously. The motor d5 drives the pulley 2 of the unit A by means of an endless belt 52. A belt transmission 56 transmits the drive from the unit A to the unit B, while the belt transmission 6l transmits the drive from the unit B to the unit C.

All the units A, B and C have a common worm shaft 35 which, at the same time, constitutes the driven shaft and the rotor-carrying shaft of the two motors All and 43.

It is apparent that the specific illustrations shown above have been given -by way of illustra- -tion and not by way of limitation and that the structures above described are subject to wide variation and modification without departing from the scope or intent of the present invention; all of such variations and modifications are to be included within the scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

l. In a drill, a tool holder, means connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, means connected with the first-mentioned means for rotating said tool holder, steering means actuated by the sec-V ond-mentioned means and operatively connected with the first-mentioned moans for causing the tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement, a main motor driving the second-mentioned means, and means operativelyconnecting said main motor with the third-mentioned means.

-2. In a drill, a tool holder, means'connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, means causing the tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement, an electrical device connected with the first-mentioned means for actuating the same, a mechanical device connected with the secondmentioned means for actuating the same, and a common steering device connected with said electrical device and said mechanical device for actuating said devices. I

3. In a drill. a tool holder, means connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out'a transverse feed movement, a steering drum having a curved slot formed therein, movable means having an element engaging the first-mentioned means and another element in contact with said slotA to impart a forward longitudinal feed movement and a longitudinal reverse movement to the first-mentioned means and the tool holder when said drum is rotated, means connected with the first-mentioned means for rotating the rstmentioned means and said tool holder, means operatively connecting the third-mentioned means with said drum for rotating the latter, and means moved' only to effect a forward longitudinal feed movement and the longitudinal reverse movement.

4. In a drill, a tool holder, means connectedl with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, a steering drum having a curved slot formed therein, reciprocable means having an element engaging the first-mentioned means and another element in contact with said slot to impart a longitudinal feed movement to the first-mentioned means and the tool holder when said drum is rotated, means connected with the first-mentionedv means for rotating the first-y mentioned means and the tool-holder, means operatively connecting the third-mentioned means with said drum for causing said drum to carry out one revolution during an entire boring operation, and means connected with the first-mentioned means for actuating the same.

5. In a drill, a tool holder, a lever having one end carrying said tool holder, a longitudinally movable tube, means carried by said tube for pivotally supporting said lever within the tube, means connected with said lever for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, means connected with said tube for rotating the same, whereby said lever and said tool holder are rotated, and means engaging the other end of said lever for causing said lever and said tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed-movement.

6. In a drill, a tool holder, a lever having one end carrying said tool holder, a longitudinally` surface of the bore hole to be drilled, said cam surface being engaged by the other end of said lever, resilient means engaging said tube to press said lever against said cam surface, means connected with said lever for swinging the same to cause said tool holder to carry out a transverse feed movement, means connected with said tube for rotating the same, whereby said lever and said tool holder are rotated, and means moving said cam longitudinally to cause said lever and said tool iolder to carry out a longitudinal feed movemen 7. In a drill, a tool holder, a swinging lever having one end carrying said tool holder, an electric motor, means operatively connecting said motor with said lever to move said lever and cause said tool holder to carry out a transverse feed movement, a rotary steering element, means actuated by said steering element to cause said lever and said tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement, cam rings carried by said steering element and rotatable therewith, and means contacting said cam rings and operatively connected with said motor for switching it on and oil?.

8. In a drill, a tool holder, a swinging lever having one end carrying said tool holder, an electric motor, means operatively connecting said motor with said lever to move said lever and cause said tool holder to carry out a transverse feed movement, a rotary steering element, means actuated by said steering element to cause said lever and said tool holder to carry out a forward feed movement, at least one cam ring carried by said steering element and rotatable therewith, yand means contacting said cam ring and operatively connected with said motor to actuate the means carrying out the transverse feed movement after v motor, means operatively connecting said electric motor with said rotary driving. element for rotating said rotary driving element with a speed equal to that of said tube, a rotary steering element, means actuated by said steering element to cause said-lever and said tool holder to carryout a forward feed movement, at least one cam ring carried by said steering element and rotatable therewith, and means contacting said cam ring and operatively connected with said motor tostop the rotation of said rotary driving element as soon as .the forward feed movement has been completed.

10. In a drill, a tool holder, a lever having one end carrying said tool holder, a longitudinally movable tube, means carried by said tube for pivotally supporting said lever within the tube, means connected with said tube for rotating the same, whereby said lever and said tool holder are rotated, a rotary shaft eccentrically mounted in said tube, means operatively connecting said rctary shaft with said lever to cause said lever and the tool holder` carried thereby to carry out a transverse feed movement when said shaft is rotated, a gear Wheel keyed upon said shaft, a worm gear meshing with said gear Wheel, an electric motor, means operatively connecting said electric motor with said worm gear for rotating said worm gear, whereby said shaft does not rotate about its own axis when said worm gear is ro-s tated, a rotary steering element, means actuated by said steering element to Acause said leverand said tool holder to carry out a forward feed movement, atleast one cam ring carried by said steering element and rotatable therewith, and means contacting said cam ring and operatively connected with said motorto stop the rotation oi" said worm gear as soon as the forward feed movement has been completed. l

11. In a drill, a tool holder, a lever having one end carrying said tool holder, a longitudinally movable tube, means carried by said tube for pivotally supporting said lever within the tube,

means connected with said tube for rotating the same, whereby said lever and said tool holder are rotated,` a rotary driving element, means operatively connecting said rotary driving element with said lever to cause said lever and the tool holder carried thereby to carry` out a transverse feed movement when said rotary driving element is at a standstill and said tube is rotated. two electric motors rotatable with different speeds and in opposite directions, means operatively connecting said electric motors with said rotary driving element, a rotary steering element, means actuated by said steering element to cause said lever and said tool holder to carry out a forward feed movement and a reverse movement, cam rings carried by said steering element and rotatable therewith, and means contacting said cam rings and operatively connected with said motors for switching on the slower motor during the forward feed movement, for switching oni lboth motors during thetransverse feed movement and for switching on the faster motor during the reverse movement.

l2. In a drill, a tool holder, means connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, means connected with the flrst-mentioned means for rotating said tool holder, a steering device actuated by the second-mentioned means and operatively connected with the first-mentioned means for causing the tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement, a main electrical motor driving the secondmentloned means, a resistance connected with said motor, and means connected with said steering device and varying said resistance during the transverse feed movement to increase gradually the speed of said motor. i

13. In a drill, a tool holder, means connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse feed movement, means connected `with the rst-mentioned means for rotating said tool holder, steering means'actuated by the second-mentioned means and operatively connected with the firstmentioned means for causing the tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement, a main electrical motor driving the secondmentioned means, and means actuated by the third-mentioned means for switching oii said motor after the completion of a -g operation.

le. in combination, an aggregate comp plurality of drills, each of said drills comps a tool holder, means connected with said tool holder for causing the same to carry out a transverse i movement, means connected with the first-mentioned means for rotating said tool holder, and

steering means actuated by the second-mentioned means and operatively connected with the firstmentioned means for causing the tool holder to carry out a longitudinal feed movement; said aggregate further comprising a single electric motor for rotating the tool holders of all the drills, and

a single pair of electric motors connected with the y means causing the transverse feed movement of the tool holders for actuating the same.

PAUL naam.. y

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