US2304900A - Process of producing lightsensitive systems - Google Patents
Process of producing lightsensitive systems Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2304900A US2304900A US338640A US33864040A US2304900A US 2304900 A US2304900 A US 2304900A US 338640 A US338640 A US 338640A US 33864040 A US33864040 A US 33864040A US 2304900 A US2304900 A US 2304900A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- systems
- light
- producing
- sensitive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052946 acanthite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940056910 silver sulfide Drugs 0.000 description 7
- XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] XUARKZBEFFVFRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-azaniumyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 JKFYKCYQEWQPTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910021612 Silver iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229940045105 silver iodide Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000007469 Actins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010085238 Actins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/494—Silver salt compositions other than silver halide emulsions; Photothermographic systems ; Thermographic systems using noble metal compounds
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process of producing light-sensitive systems, and particularly is directed to improvements in the lightsensitive substances, which are obtained by the process of my U. S. application, Ser. No. 306,896, filed Nov. 30, 1939. a
- the light-sensitive substances described in my prior application are produced by the introduction of alien sensitizing substances into metal halides, for example silver sulfide into silver halide or into mixtures of them, in such a man ner, and heating the mixture to a temperature at 'which said alien substance is incorporated into the silver halide by fusion, and in which the halogen liberated by dissociation during the heating, is removed.
- alien sensitizing substances for example silver sulfide into silver halide or into mixtures of them, in such a man ner
- lightsensitive systems oi. silver chloride and silver bromide, or of mixtures of them, by sensitizing them with silver sulfide.
- These light-sensitive systems may then be mixed with suitable colloids, such as gelatine and the like, to prepare photographic emulsions.
- new-light-sensitive systems may be' obtained by introducing the iodide or silver into the described light-sensitive systems 01 silver chloride or silver bromide, or of.their mixtures.
- the light-sensitive systems 01' silver chloride or silver bromide, sensitized by silver sulfide, or mixtures 01' them are molten.
- the iodide or silver is added to the molten mass and uniformly distributed in the same.
- the mass, now containing the iodide of silver is cooled, and after cooling, is treated by heating at temperatures not exceeding 150 C. This heating results in a substantial increase in the light sensltiveness', of the systems.
- the process of thepresent invention may be varied. It is possible, for instance, to add the iodide of silver to the other silver halides before present invention maybe the sensitizing alien substances are introduced into them, or in any other stage of the preparation of the light-sensitive systems. more the light-sensitive systems, containing the silver iodide, may be obtained in a state of a fine powder by atomizing the systems when molten, for example, with the aid of atomizing gases and/or vapours as described .in my copending application Serial No, 338,639, filed .June 3, 1940 or in any other convenient manner.
- the properties of the products of the invention may be further influenced by an oxidizing treat.- ment.
- This oxidizing treatment may be carried out in different ways and by using different oxidizing substances, e. g. oxygen, if desired at high temperatures and at high pressures.
- oxidizing substances e. g. oxygen
- the above described atomization of the lightsensitive systems maybe effected by oxidizing gases or vapours.
- the light-sensitive products produced in accordance with the process of the present inven, tion, may be employed without binding substances by cementing the same to suitable supports.
- colloids serving as binding agents or carriers.
- colloids serving as binding agents or carriers.
- emulsions are prepared, which are similar to the photographic emulsions.
- These mixtures of the light-sensitive products and the colloids may be poured as sheets, foils or the like, or may be applied on suitable supports.
- the introduction of the light-sensitive systems into the colloids is done by carefully mixing them, e. g., by strongly stirring them. by treating them by vibrations, and/or by using the distributing, dispersing and wetting agents and processes which are known in colloidal chemistry.
- the pouring of the emulsions of the lightsensitive substances and colloids in sheets or on supports may be effected by the usual methods of making photographic plates, films, papers and.
- the emulsions may be applied on one side of the support or both. They may be poured in one layer or more.
- the usual measures in the manufacture of photographic plates, films, papers and the like are to be provided for, such as back-, adhering-, anti-halo-, filtering-, intermediary-, protectingand covering layers.
- optical photographic sensitizers and dyestufis for coloring the layers may be added. 'to' the emulsions or incorporated in the layers, e. g., by bathing them in the solutions of the dyestufis.
- Colloids that may be used for the manufacture of the emulsions oi the light-sensitive systems, are the diiierent species of 'gelatine, among Furtherinto the molten mass inert gelatine, albucollodion, celluloslc esters and ethers, natural and artificial resins and polymerisates, and the like. v
- the emulsions of the lightsensitive systems and the colloids there may be used plates of glass, films of cellulose, collodion, cellulosic derivatives, e. g., cellulosic esters or cellulosic ethers, of resins or polymerisates, sheets of metals, paper and the like.
- cellulosic derivatives e. g., cellulosic esters or cellulosic ethers
- resins or polymerisates sheets of metals, paper and the like.
- the pouring of the light-sensitive emulsions may be eifected according to the methods known in the photographic industry for the production of photographic films, plates, and papers.
Description
Patented Dec. 15, 1942 mocnss or PRODUCING LIGHT- snnsrnvr: srs'rrms Ostap Stasiw, Dresden, Germany; vested in the Custodian Allen Pr rty No mam.
dclaims.
Application June a, 1940, Serial No.
In Germany June 15, 1939 The present invention relates to a process of producing light-sensitive systems, and particularly is directed to improvements in the lightsensitive substances, which are obtained by the process of my U. S. application, Ser. No. 306,896, filed Nov. 30, 1939. a
The light-sensitive substances described in my prior application are produced by the introduction of alien sensitizing substances into metal halides, for example silver sulfide into silver halide or into mixtures of them, in such a man ner, and heating the mixture to a temperature at 'which said alien substance is incorporated into the silver halide by fusion, and in which the halogen liberated by dissociation during the heating, is removed.
According to the process of my above named prior application there may be produced lightsensitive systems oi. silver chloride and silver bromide, or of mixtures of them, by sensitizing them with silver sulfide. These light-sensitive systems may then be mixed with suitable colloids, such as gelatine and the like, to prepare photographic emulsions.
I have found, that new-light-sensitive systems may be' obtained by introducing the iodide or silver into the described light-sensitive systems 01 silver chloride or silver bromide, or of.their mixtures.
These new light-sensitive systems excel the systems, produced according to my prior applica- .tion Ser. No. 306,896, in the possibility of varying and regulating their photographic and other properties in a high degree. 1
80 their sensibility, their stability, the stability oi. the photographic emulsions, prepared from them, the characteristics of the photographic images, obtained by using them, may be influenced and regulated in a high extent.
The process of the accomplished for example in the following manner.
The light-sensitive systems 01' silver chloride or silver bromide, sensitized by silver sulfide, or mixtures 01' them are molten. The iodide or silver is added to the molten mass and uniformly distributed in the same. Then the mass, now containing the iodide of silver, is cooled, and after cooling, is treated by heating at temperatures not exceeding 150 C. This heating results in a substantial increase in the light sensltiveness', of the systems. V
The process of thepresent invention may be varied. It is possible, for instance, to add the iodide of silver to the other silver halides before present invention maybe the sensitizing alien substances are introduced into them, or in any other stage of the preparation of the light-sensitive systems. more the light-sensitive systems, containing the silver iodide, may be obtained in a state of a fine powder by atomizing the systems when molten, for example, with the aid of atomizing gases and/or vapours as described .in my copending application Serial No, 338,639, filed .June 3, 1940 or in any other convenient manner.
The properties of the products of the invention may be further influenced by an oxidizing treat.- ment. This oxidizing treatment may be carried out in different ways and by using different oxidizing substances, e. g. oxygen, if desired at high temperatures and at high pressures. Furthermore the above described atomization of the lightsensitive systems maybe effected by oxidizing gases or vapours.
The light-sensitive products, produced in accordance with the process of the present inven, tion, may be employed without binding substances by cementing the same to suitable supports.
Furthermore they may be introduced into colloids, serving as binding agents or carriers. Hereby emulsions are prepared, which are similar to the photographic emulsions. These mixtures of the light-sensitive products and the colloids may be poured as sheets, foils or the like, or may be applied on suitable supports.
The introduction of the light-sensitive systems into the colloids is done by carefully mixing them, e. g., by strongly stirring them. by treating them by vibrations, and/or by using the distributing, dispersing and wetting agents and processes which are known in colloidal chemistry.
The pouring of the emulsions of the lightsensitive substances and colloids in sheets or on supports may be effected by the usual methods of making photographic plates, films, papers and.
the like. The emulsions may be applied on one side of the support or both. They may be poured in one layer or more. Here, the usual measures in the manufacture of photographic plates, films, papers and the like are to be provided for, such as back-, adhering-, anti-halo-, filtering-, intermediary-, protectingand covering layers. Also, optical photographic sensitizers and dyestufis for coloring the layers may be added. 'to' the emulsions or incorporated in the layers, e. g., by bathing them in the solutions of the dyestufis.
Colloids that may be used for the manufacture of the emulsions oi the light-sensitive systems, are the diiierent species of 'gelatine, among Furtherinto the molten mass inert gelatine, albucollodion, celluloslc esters and ethers, natural and artificial resins and polymerisates, and the like. v
As supports for the emulsions of the lightsensitive systems and the colloids, there may be used plates of glass, films of cellulose, collodion, cellulosic derivatives, e. g., cellulosic esters or cellulosic ethers, of resins or polymerisates, sheets of metals, paper and the like.
The pouring of the light-sensitive emulsions may be eifected according to the methods known in the photographic industry for the production of photographic films, plates, and papers.
What I claim'is: I 1. In a method of producing li t sensitive systems of silver halides, in which a mixture of silver halide and an alien substance actin as a sensitizer is heated to a temperature at which said alien substance is incorporated into saidsilver halide by fusion .and in whichthe halogen liberated by dissociation during the heating is removed and the resulting product is cooled, thesteps of incorporating silver iodide before cooling the same, and subjecting the cooled mass to a heat treat- ,ment at a temperature not exceeding 150 C.
2. In a method of producing light sensitive systems of silver halides, in which a mixture of silver halide and an alien substance acting as a sensitizer is heated to a temperature at which said alien substance is incorporated into said silver halide by fusion and in which the ,halogen liberated by dissociation during the heating is removed and the resulting product is cooled, the steps of incorporating silver iodide into the silver halide, and after the coolingstep reheating the resulting product, which now contains silver iodide, to a temperature not exceeding C.
3. In' a method of producing light sensitivesystems of silver halides, in which ,a mixture of silver bromide and silver sulfide is heated to a temperature at which said silver sulfide is incorporated into said-silver bromide by fusion and in which the bromide liberated by dissociation during the heating is removed and the resulting product is cooled, the steps of incorporating silver iodide into the molten mass before cooling the same, and reheating the cooled mass after the cooling step to a temperature not exceeding 150 C. 1
4. In a method of producing light sensitive systems of silver halides, in which a mixture of silver chloride and silver sulfide is heated to a temperature at which said silver sulfide is incorporated into said silver chloride by fusion,
and in which the chloride liberated by dissociation during the heating is removed and the resulting product is cooled, the steps of incorporating silver iodide into the molten mass before cooling the same, and reheating the cooled mass after the cooling step to a temperature not exceeding 150 C.
' OSTAP STASIW.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2304900X | 1939-06-15 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2304900A true US2304900A (en) | 1942-12-15 |
Family
ID=7994239
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US338640A Expired - Lifetime US2304900A (en) | 1939-06-15 | 1940-06-03 | Process of producing lightsensitive systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2304900A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2420956A (en) * | 1944-10-05 | 1947-05-20 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Optical bodies composed of silver chloride and silver sulfide and method of making same |
| US2756146A (en) * | 1954-07-28 | 1956-07-24 | Levy Marilyn | Sensitizer for photothermographic substances |
| US4246337A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1981-01-20 | Corning Glass Works | Photosensitive medium for optical information storage |
| FR2475244A1 (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-07 | Kodak Pathe | Photosensitive silver halide emulsion prepn. - by dispersing silver halide melt contg. melting pt. depressant in aq. medium contg. colloidal binder |
-
1940
- 1940-06-03 US US338640A patent/US2304900A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2420956A (en) * | 1944-10-05 | 1947-05-20 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Optical bodies composed of silver chloride and silver sulfide and method of making same |
| US2756146A (en) * | 1954-07-28 | 1956-07-24 | Levy Marilyn | Sensitizer for photothermographic substances |
| US4246337A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1981-01-20 | Corning Glass Works | Photosensitive medium for optical information storage |
| FR2475244A1 (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1981-08-07 | Kodak Pathe | Photosensitive silver halide emulsion prepn. - by dispersing silver halide melt contg. melting pt. depressant in aq. medium contg. colloidal binder |
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