US2304456A - Self-cleaning orifice member - Google Patents

Self-cleaning orifice member Download PDF

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Publication number
US2304456A
US2304456A US218719A US21871938A US2304456A US 2304456 A US2304456 A US 2304456A US 218719 A US218719 A US 218719A US 21871938 A US21871938 A US 21871938A US 2304456 A US2304456 A US 2304456A
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Prior art keywords
diaphragm
liquid
orifice
pressure
self
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Expired - Lifetime
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US218719A
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Keith W Hall
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Toledo Scale Corp
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Toledo Scale Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3426—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels emerging in the swirl chamber perpendicularly to the outlet axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • B05B15/522—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings
    • B05B15/5223—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings the cleaning element, e.g. a needle, and the discharge opening being movable relative to each other in a direction substantially parallel to the flow of liquid or other fluent material through said opening
    • B05B15/5225—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles using cleaning elements penetrating the discharge openings the cleaning element, e.g. a needle, and the discharge opening being movable relative to each other in a direction substantially parallel to the flow of liquid or other fluent material through said opening the cleaning element being located upstream of the discharge opening or being actuated upstream therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
    • B05B15/50—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter
    • B05B15/52—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles
    • B05B15/528—Arrangements for cleaning; Arrangements for preventing deposits, drying-out or blockage; Arrangements for detecting improper discharge caused by the presence of foreign matter for removal of clogging particles by resilient deformation of the nozzle

Definitions

  • the principal object of the invention is to provide an orifice construction that is efiiciently selfcleaning, simple, and inexpensive. More specific objects and advantages are apparent from the description, in which reference is had to the accompanying drawing illustrating preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • Fig. I is a longitudinal section of the jet and rotor type
  • Fig. II is an end elevation thereof, with portions broken away to show the interior construction.
  • Fig. III is a plan, partly in section, of a centrifugal'ly dispersing type of spray head
  • Fig. IV is an elevation thereof, partly in section.
  • An apparatus embodying the invention is selfcleaning by virtue of a resilient diaphragm in which the orifice is formed, which moves from one position to another as the liquid pressure varies.
  • the diaphragm may be adapted to snap from one position to the other with such force as to dislodge obstructing particles from the orifice, or a fixed, tapered member may be so associated with the orifice that the tapered member cleans the orifice as the diaphragm moves.l
  • the body ID of the device shown in Fig. I has a pipe tap in one end and has its other end externally threaded. Seated in the externally threaded end of the body are a series of diskshaped filtering screens ll held apart by a series of spacers l2.
  • the lowermost screen in Fig. I is the coarsest and the screens are successively finer, with the finest screen on top. Thus the lower screen catches the coarse particles, and the fine particles are caught by the other screens. If all the screens were of the same mesh, the lowermost screen would catch all the particles and the eliective filtering area would be about one-fourth as great as it is in the construction shown.
  • a spray head an ordinary spray 7 Bearing upon the uppermost screen and upon the upper rim of the body i0 is a hard rubber gasket 13 upon which is1a sleeve 14.
  • the resilient diaphragm i5 is clamped upon the sleeve it by meansof a collar l6 threaded upon the body it.
  • Fixed in a seat I! integral with the sleeve 14 is a standard 18 having a tapered portion extending through the aperture in the diaphragm.
  • a dispersing rotor l9, having its axis coinciding with that of the standard I8, is journaled upon the upper end of the standard.
  • the body 2d of the device of Fig. III has an enlarged hexagonal end provided with a pipe tap. Threaded into the body 29, instead of the pipe tap, is a disc 21 in which is fixed a pointed pin .22. A resilient diaphragm 23 is held in place by the threaded disc 2
  • a cap 24 is threaded into the body 20 with its axis at right angles to the pin 22, and a bore 25 co-axial with the pin 22 registers with a tangential opening in the side of the cap 24.
  • a stream of liquid discharged through the orifice in the diaphragm 23 passes through the bore 25 and enters the cap 24 tangentially.
  • the cap 24 holds in place a second apertured diaphragm 26.
  • Bearing against the outside of the diaphragm 26 is a spiral spring 21 which is applied with variable tension by a collar 28 threaded into the body 20.
  • the resilient diaphragm 23 When liquid enters the body 20 under pressure, the resilient diaphragm 23 is flexed out- Ward and a stream of liquid is discharged from the orific in the diaphragm into the cap 24.
  • the cap 24 fills with liquid, which is kept rapidly whirling by the tangentially entering stream, and the pressure of the liquid in the cap snaps the second diaphragm 26 outward against the pressure of the spring 21. Because of the whirling motion of the liquid in the cap 24 a conical spray instead of a stream or jet is discharged through the second diaphragm 26.
  • each of the resilient diaphragms may be stamped in a die that gives the diaphragm the proper shape.
  • the second diaphragm 26 in the device of Fig. IV should be-so formed that it moves past a dead center position with sufficient snap to dislodge obstructions from the orifice.
  • the diaphragms l5 and 23 are provided with positively acting cleaning members,'but it is preferable that they move with a snap also.
  • the orifice in the'diaphragm 23 is preferably formed by means of the needle 22.
  • a thick metal washer is placed inside the diaphragm. The washer is removed afterthe diaphragm has been pierced by the needle. 7 V
  • the diaphragm 26 is intended to be so formed that the pressure which causes it to snap outward is. only slightly greater than the pressure which allows it to snap back to its inward position.
  • the diaphragm 26 may be so formed that it snaps outward when the liquid pressure rises to 10 pounds per square inch and snaps back whenthepressure falls to 5 pounds per square inch.
  • the purpose of the spring 21 is to raise the operating range of the diaphragm 26.
  • the spring may be applied with such a pressure that the working range of the diaphragm 26 is 35 to 40 pounds per square inch.
  • the spring pressure should be so adjusted that the operating range is within the normal variation in the pressure of the liquid supply. Then thediaphragmlfi will snap back and forth as the liquid pressure rises and falls during the day, and the device of Fig. IV may be operated continuously without clogging of the spray nozzle.
  • the diaphragm l5 in Fig. I is intended to remain in its outward position all during the time while the liquid is being supplied. Thus the device of Fig. I keeps the orifice clean if the liquidis simply turned off and on occasionany.
  • the resilient diaphragms, the standard I8 and the pin 22 are preferably made of stainless steel, and the other metal parts may be made of brass.
  • a chamber to which liquid may be supplied under pressure a resilient metal diaphragm closing the chamber at one end an d provided with an orifice in the diaphragm proper for ejection of liquid from the chamber, which is bulged to a slight enough extent so that it is adapted to snap inward and outward past dead center with normal variations in the pressure of the liquid supply, said orifice being open for free passage of liquid in both its inward and outward positions, and resilient means for exerting pressure upon the diaphragm from the exterior, the pressure exerted by said resilient means being small enough to permit the diaphragm to snap outward when the liquid pressure rises above its average value, and great enough to cause the diaphragm to snap inward when the liquid pressure falls below its average value during normal fluctuations in pressure.

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Description

Dec. 8,1942;
K. w. HALL SELF-CLEANING ORIFICE MEMBER Filed July 11, 195
W yak/ VENTOR ATTORNEYS Patented Dec. 8, 1942 -CIAEANING ORIFICE MEMBER Keith W. Hall, Ann Arbor, Mich, assignor to Toledo Scale Compan ration of New Jersey y, Toledo, Ohio, a corpo- Application July 11, 1938 Serial No. 218,719
2 Claims.
Devices provided with orifices for expelling a jet or spray of liquid are subject'to frequent breakdown due toclogging of the orifices with particles of scale, sediment, and the like. There has long been a need for a self-cleaning spray head,.but the self-cleaning heads that have been devised heretofore have been very expensive, and so complicated that they did not stay in operatingcondition much better than head.
The principal object of the invention is to provide an orifice construction that is efiiciently selfcleaning, simple, and inexpensive. More specific objects and advantages are apparent from the description, in which reference is had to the accompanying drawing illustrating preferred embodiments of the invention.
Fig. I is a longitudinal section of the jet and rotor type;
Fig. II is an end elevation thereof, with portions broken away to show the interior construction.
Fig. III is a plan, partly in section, of a centrifugal'ly dispersing type of spray head;
Fig. IV is an elevation thereof, partly in section.
The specific drawing and the specific description that follows merely disclose and illustrate the invention and are not intended to impose limitations upon the claims.
An apparatus embodying the invention is selfcleaning by virtue of a resilient diaphragm in which the orifice is formed, which moves from one position to another as the liquid pressure varies. The diaphragm may be adapted to snap from one position to the other with such force as to dislodge obstructing particles from the orifice, or a fixed, tapered member may be so associated with the orifice that the tapered member cleans the orifice as the diaphragm moves.l
The body ID of the device shown in Fig. I has a pipe tap in one end and has its other end externally threaded. Seated in the externally threaded end of the body are a series of diskshaped filtering screens ll held apart by a series of spacers l2. The lowermost screen in Fig. I is the coarsest and the screens are successively finer, with the finest screen on top. Thus the lower screen catches the coarse particles, and the fine particles are caught by the other screens. If all the screens were of the same mesh, the lowermost screen would catch all the particles and the eliective filtering area would be about one-fourth as great as it is in the construction shown.
of a spray head an ordinary spray 7 Bearing upon the uppermost screen and upon the upper rim of the body i0 is a hard rubber gasket 13 upon which is1a sleeve 14. The resilient diaphragm i5 is clamped upon the sleeve it by meansof a collar l6 threaded upon the body it. Fixed in a seat I! integral with the sleeve 14 is a standard 18 having a tapered portion extending through the aperture in the diaphragm. A dispersing rotor l9, having its axis coinciding with that of the standard I8, is journaled upon the upper end of the standard.
When liquid under pressure enters the body it, the resilient diaphragm i5 is flexed upward and a stream of liquid is discharged through the orifice. Rotation of the dispersing rotor I9 is produced by the stream of liquid, and as a resultthe liquid is dispersed in the form of a spray. Each time the diaphragm I5 is allowed to return to its inward position the tapered portion of the standard l8 cleans out the orifice.
The body 2d of the device of Fig. III has an enlarged hexagonal end provided with a pipe tap. Threaded into the body 29, instead of the pipe tap, is a disc 21 in which is fixed a pointed pin .22. A resilient diaphragm 23 is held in place by the threaded disc 2|, and the tapered point of the pin 22 extends into a central orifice in the diaphragm, helping to direct the stream of liquid.
A cap 24 is threaded into the body 20 with its axis at right angles to the pin 22, and a bore 25 co-axial with the pin 22 registers with a tangential opening in the side of the cap 24. Thus a stream of liquid discharged through the orifice in the diaphragm 23 passes through the bore 25 and enters the cap 24 tangentially. The cap 24 holds in place a second apertured diaphragm 26. Bearing against the outside of the diaphragm 26 is a spiral spring 21 which is applied with variable tension by a collar 28 threaded into the body 20.
When liquid enters the body 20 under pressure, the resilient diaphragm 23 is flexed out- Ward and a stream of liquid is discharged from the orific in the diaphragm into the cap 24. The cap 24 fills with liquid, which is kept rapidly whirling by the tangentially entering stream, and the pressure of the liquid in the cap snaps the second diaphragm 26 outward against the pressure of the spring 21. Because of the whirling motion of the liquid in the cap 24 a conical spray instead of a stream or jet is discharged through the second diaphragm 26. Whenever the water pressure is shut off, the first diaphragm 23 snaps to the right, causing foreign matter It is desirable that a small aperture be used for the tangential discharge of liquid into the bore 25in order that theliquid in the cap 24 may be kept whirling at a high velocity. V 5 Each of the resilient diaphragms may be stamped in a die that gives the diaphragm the proper shape. The second diaphragm 26 in the device of Fig. IV should be-so formed that it moves past a dead center position with sufficient snap to dislodge obstructions from the orifice. The diaphragms l5 and 23 are provided with positively acting cleaning members,'but it is preferable that they move with a snap also. The orifice in the'diaphragm 23 is preferably formed by means of the needle 22. When the parts are first assembled, a thick metal washer is placed inside the diaphragm. The washer is removed afterthe diaphragm has been pierced by the needle. 7 V
The diaphragm 26 is intended to be so formed that the pressure which causes it to snap outward is. only slightly greater than the pressure which allows it to snap back to its inward position. For example, the diaphragm 26 may be so formed that it snaps outward when the liquid pressure rises to 10 pounds per square inch and snaps back whenthepressure falls to 5 pounds per square inch. The purpose of the spring 21 is to raise the operating range of the diaphragm 26. Thus the spring may be applied with such a pressure that the working range of the diaphragm 26 is 35 to 40 pounds per square inch. The spring pressure should be so adjusted that the operating range is within the normal variation in the pressure of the liquid supply. Then thediaphragmlfi will snap back and forth as the liquid pressure rises and falls during the day, and the device of Fig. IV may be operated continuously without clogging of the spray nozzle.
The diaphragm l5 in Fig. I is intended to remain in its outward position all during the time while the liquid is being supplied. Thus the device of Fig. I keeps the orifice clean if the liquidis simply turned off and on occasionany. The resilient diaphragms, the standard I8 and the pin 22 are preferably made of stainless steel, and the other metal parts may be made of brass.
The construction illustrated in the drawing may be modified and various embodiments of the invention may be devised to meet various requirements.
Having described my invention, I claim:
1. In an apparatus of the class described, in combination, a chamber to which liquid may be supplied under pressure, a resilient metal diaphragm closing the chamber at one end an d provided with an orifice in the diaphragm proper for ejection of liquid from the chamber, which is bulged to a slight enough extent so that it is adapted to snap inward and outward past dead center with normal variations in the pressure of the liquid supply, said orifice being open for free passage of liquid in both its inward and outward positions, and resilient means for exerting pressure upon the diaphragm from the exterior, the pressure exerted by said resilient means being small enough to permit the diaphragm to snap outward when the liquid pressure rises above its average value, and great enough to cause the diaphragm to snap inward when the liquid pressure falls below its average value during normal fluctuations in pressure.
2. In an apparatus of the class described, in
combination, two chambers to which liquid may be supplied under pressure, and a resilient metal diaphragm closing each chamber at one end and provided with an orifice in the diaphragm proper for ejection of liquid from the chamber, which is adapted to snap from one position to another as the liquid pressure varies, said chambers being so arranged that the liquid from one chamber is discharged from the diaphragm orifice tangentially into the other chamber, and the tangentially discharging diaphragm orifice being provided with a fixed member that has its free end extending through said orifice when the diaphragm is in its inward position and is free of said orifice when the diaphragm is in its outward position.
KEITH W. HALL.
US218719A 1938-07-11 1938-07-11 Self-cleaning orifice member Expired - Lifetime US2304456A (en)

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3051199A (en) * 1958-05-24 1962-08-28 Magneti Marelli Spa Anticlogging device particularly for calibrated holes in pneumatic pipe fitting of moor vehicles
US3623660A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-11-30 Elicopter Soc Trasporti Aerei Dripproof valve for preventing the leakage of liquid products
US4022286A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-05-10 Leeco, Inc. Auger
US4214707A (en) * 1979-07-23 1980-07-29 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Trap-port for rotary kilns
US5547281A (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and process for preparing fluids
US6106145A (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-08-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Adjustable homogenizer device
US11794218B2 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-10-24 Kathy Waller Faucet cleaning assembly

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3051199A (en) * 1958-05-24 1962-08-28 Magneti Marelli Spa Anticlogging device particularly for calibrated holes in pneumatic pipe fitting of moor vehicles
US3623660A (en) * 1969-03-27 1971-11-30 Elicopter Soc Trasporti Aerei Dripproof valve for preventing the leakage of liquid products
US4022286A (en) * 1975-09-05 1977-05-10 Leeco, Inc. Auger
US4214707A (en) * 1979-07-23 1980-07-29 Allis-Chalmers Corporation Trap-port for rotary kilns
FR2461908A1 (en) * 1979-07-23 1981-02-06 Allis Chalmers NOZZLES WITH SELF-CONTAINABLE SUPPLY LINES, IN PARTICULAR FOR ROTARY FURNACES
US5547281A (en) * 1994-10-11 1996-08-20 Phillips Petroleum Company Apparatus and process for preparing fluids
US6106145A (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-08-22 Baker Hughes Incorporated Adjustable homogenizer device
US11794218B2 (en) 2021-09-14 2023-10-24 Kathy Waller Faucet cleaning assembly

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