US2301711A

US2301711A - Yarn package and method of producing the same

Info

Publication number: US2301711A
Application number: US266346A
Authority: US
Inventors: Warren A Seem; Stoddard Nicholas
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-04-06
Filing date: 1939-04-06
Publication date: 1942-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 1959-11-10

Description

Nov. 10, 1942. w. A. SEEM ET'1AHL mm PACKAGE AND umnon OF raonucme THE sum 4 Sheets-Sheet i Filed April 6, 1939 "mil mmllm ljwentvfis Warren/A .Seem mciwaw Stoddard Nov. 10, 1 J42.

W. A. SEEM ETAL YARN PACKAGE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed April 6, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 1 65 In 63% as V (4? Irwentors Warrenflfieemw Nicholas Stoddard Nov. 10, 1942. w A, E M ETAL 2,301,711

YARN PACKAGE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed April 6, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet s Inventors War/en .zifieem/ Mum Stoddard dittorjzgz NOV. 10, w A SEEM ETAL YARN PACKAGE AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed April 6, 1939 4 SheetS Sheet 4 Paclfqgc N 1.

Pas/Eggs 1B 512916. e )V-"IB M14 2" .15 Pao/( ge N 14 Warrenflfieem w Nicholas 5 wddard fittornrgy.

Patented- Nov. 10, 1942 YARN PACKAGE AND METHOD or rnonucmo THE SAME Warren A. Seem, Forty Fort, and Nicholas Stoddard, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.

Application April 6, 1939, Serial No. 266,346

24 Claims. (01. 242-159) The present invention generally relates to yarn packages and the method of winding the same. Particularly, the invention pertains to tapered end headless twisting packages of synthetic yarns, such as rayon, and aims to provide such a package mounted in a characteristic manner to assure the free and ready unravelling of the yarn over the end of the package with uniform tension.

One of the main objects of the invention resides in the provision of a twisting package of the kind mentioned wherein the yarn is wrapped in such a manner as to minimize the tendency of the yarn to slough off, and constructed for association with a twistingelement adapted for cooperation with the package to positively prevent sloughing off when the package is put to use.

It is also an important object of the invention to provide a tapered end headless twisting package 0 mounted that a twisting element may be associated in a readily calculable relationship with the package whereby said element acts on the yarn unravelling from the tapered delivery end of the package to draw said yarn downwardly or in a direction to counteract the normal tendency oi the wraps to slough off.

Another important object of the invention resides in the provision of a headless type of twisting package constructedof a plurality of groups ofwound layers of yarn, the layers in every other group progressing towards the nose or delivery end of the package, and the layers in every intermediate group progressing towards the base of the package, whereby the layers of one group overlap the layers 0 the receding group and thereby mutually act to protect each other against sloughing and shifting, such sloughing and shift ing being further prevented by providing the ends of the packages with a 22.5 degree, or less, slope.

A further feature of the invention resides in the provision of atwisting package wherein all knots are placed on the tapered portion at the delivery end of said package so as to prevent the yarn, when unravelling, from coming into undue contact with the knots.

A further feature of the invention aims to provide a twisting package so wound that variations in the yarn resulting from variations in tension in winding are uniformly intermittent, with the average remaining substantially constant.

Still another feature of the invention resides "in the provision of a twisting package having a reduced diameter for a given quantity of yarn so that variations imparted to a yarnas a result of tension or tension variations, or both, in winding will be reduced and increased winding speeds 55 machines.

made possible, with the result that the twisting of the yarn from the package may be performed at relatively high spindle speeds and with decreased tension and tension variations.

The invention is particularly characterized in that it provides a twisting package wherein the successive layers of yarn continually cover the entire surface of the package so that, during winding, all exposed surfaces of the package are continually renewed and during unwinding, new surfaces of the entire package are continually exposed.

The invention is moreover distinguished by the provision of a twisting package of the character mentioned built upon an inexpensive core which may be readily adapted forengagement with the spindles of a twisting machine.

Other important objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious and in part pointed out hereinafter.

In order that the invention and its mode of operation may be readily understood by persons skilled in the art, we have, in the accompanying drawings and in the detailed description based thereupon, set out a possible embodiment of the invention. 1

In these drawings:

Figure 1 is a face elevation of a tapered end headless twisting package built in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is a diagrammatic illustration of the initial layer of yarn wound about the core.

Figure 3-is a view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the second layer of yarn wound about the core.

Figure 4 diagrammatically illustrates, on an enlarged scale, the relation of the groups of yarn layers on the foundation core.

Figure 5 is a side elevation of a twisting machine spindle associated with one type of adaptor for mounting our improvedpackage on the twisting machine.

Figure 6 is a longitudinal section taken on line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Figure '7 is a side elevation of another twisting machine spindle associated with a modified type of adaptor for mounting our improved package on the twisting machine.

Figure 8 is a longitudinal section taken on line 8-8 of Figure 7.

Figure 9 is a side elevation of a specially built spindle devised for association with our twisting package and intended to replace spindles now in common use on present-day types of twisting- Figure is a section taken on line Ill-l0 of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is an enlarged elevation of the top portion of the package showing its cooperative relationship when in use with a flyer for the twisting of the yarn.

Figure 12 is a longitudinal section of the twisting package engaged with a spindle and associated with a twister cap and fiyer.

Figure 13 diagrammatically illustrates the various positions of the flyer eye or twister cap in relation to the package, depending upon the variations in the revolving speed of the package.

Figure 14 graphically illustrates the intermittent tension which progressively increases during the winding of, and spinning from bobbins or headless packages.

Figure 15 graphically illustrates the intermittent tension to which a yarn is subjected in winding of our twisting package.

Figure 16 graphically illustrates the intermittent tension which is more constant during the winding of, or spinning from, our twisting pack- In the art of producing synthetic yarns such as rayon, it has been the practice of producers to impart a small amount of twist (usually less than 5 turns) to the yarn prior to any further processing. This small amount of twist is usually sufficient,-or intended only, to cause adhesion of filaments constituting the yarn, but insufficient for most practical uses for which the yarn may be put. This twist, commonly called preliminary twist, is imparted to the yarn by various methods such as pot spinning, bobbin spinning, etc. Such 1 synthetic yarns with preliminary twist generally have been delivered for further processing in skein form. The delivery was made in skein form to permit sizing and lubrication of the yarn. These skeins, when received by the purchaser or processor, were sized and then wound onto bobbins ready for spinning. A more recent development in the art has been for the producer to size the yarn and deliver same on a shipping cone. When it is intended that additional twist be added to the yarn in such cones, it has been the practice to wind the yarn from the cone onto bobbins ready for spinning. These cones in their present state could not be put on twisting spinr dies for up twisting.

Our invention makes it possible for the synthetic yarn producer to wind his yarn onto our twisting package instead of onto cones, and our twisting package, in turn, may be placed directly on the spinning spindles for up twisting, thus 'shipping spool ordinarily used in this art.

In the art of processing strand material, up twisting from a headless package has heretofore never been accomplished satisfactorily. Jlhe structural features of the tapered end twisting package constructed in accordance with the prescut invention aids materially in accomplishingthis. This desired result is accomplished by our unique and novel method now to be describedwith reference to the drawings, wherein like characters of reference will designate corresponding parts throughout.

As shown in the drawings, our improved twisting package In is built preferably about a tubular supporting body or foundation core or support I! such as a paper tube. 1 of the drawings, the yarn package H! has a tapering configuration, that is, the package has I a gradually increasing lower end portion [4, known as the base, a substantially straight body portion I6 of a predetermined thickness, and a gradual reducing upper end portion l8 known as the nose. This characteristic formation of the package It] is had because ofthe particular relation of the successive superposed yarn layers in the manner to be described hereinafter.

As indicated in the drawings, the superposed layers of yarn are all substantially the same length but, as will appear from comparison of Figures 2 and 3, they start and stop at different points along the foundation core I 2, that is, those layers 20 (Figure 2) which extend from the base to the nose of the core (2 start at one point W and stop at point X, whereas those layers 22 (Figure 3) which extend from the nose to the base of said core 12 start at a point Y located slightly below the point X and stop at a point Z located slightly below 'the point W. Also, as represented in Figures 3 and 4, the wraps of yarn in each layer are closer together near the nose l8 of the package than at the base M. The layers are progressively widened towards the base of the package; this progression starts at-a point about half way between the nose and base of the package.

The primary reason for the difi'erence between the spacing of the wraps in the layers 20 and the spacing of the wraps in the corresponding layers 22 is to assure the free unravelling 0f the yarn and to prevent sloughing It will be appreciated that since the layers 29 are wrapped in the same direction in which the yarn unravels, that is, toward the nose or delivery end of the package, the wraps may be wound close to each other without danger of causing sloughing by frictional contact of the unravelling yarn with its adjacent succeeding wraps. By winding the yam so that a relatively wide space exists between the wraps of the layers 22 wound toward the base, the unravelling yarn will pass over the adjacent preceding wraps without disturbing the latter and, therefore, without causing sloughing.

As more fully shown in Figure 4, the layers of yarn are assembled into overlapping groups A, B, C, D, and E, each group consisting of sets of

layers

20 and 22, such sets being respectively designated at la, 2a, 3a, 4a, 5a; lb, 2b, 3b, 4b, 5b; lo, 20, 3c, 40, Id, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d; le, 26, 3e, 4e, 5e. Of course, it is to be understood that the number of layers in each set, the number of sets in each group, and the number of groups in each package are actually much more numerous than represented in the figure, but the relation shown will be sufficient clear understanding of the general construction of the package.

It is to be noted particularly that the layer sets in the spaced groups A, C, and E progress towards the nose of the cone, whereas the layer sets in'the intermediate groups B and D progress towards the base of the cone. In this manner, it

will be appreciated that the successive layer sets As represented in Figure of one group overlap the successive layer sets of the preceding group, thereby covering, interlocking and protecting the wraps against sloughing. From the foregoing description of our improved package construction, it will be understood that the relative spacing between the wraps of the superposed layers of yarn, together with the progressive overlapping of the groups of layer sets alternately towards the nose and base of 'the package are essential features whlchimpart to the package its gradual increasing lower end portion l4, substantially straight central portion l6, and gradually reducing upper end portion l8 hereinbefore referred to, and represented in Figure 1. a

In accordance with the invention, the winding of the yarn in its progressiveand retrogressive movements is controlled so that the slant of the upper and lower end portions of the package will not exceed an angle of 22.5 degrees which, it has been found, assures the proper positioning of the yarn layers and also permits a predetermined relationship to be established between the package and the cooperating portion of the marginal edge, or of a twisting element when used in uptwisting.

It is customary in the art'to use a flyer in conjunction with a bobbin when up twisting. The location of the flyer eye is not very important when used with a bobbin since the primary purpose of a flyer is to obtain the desired tension. However, when using a flyer in conjunction with our twisting package when up-twisting, the location of the flyer eye is of utmost importance since the flyer acts as a means of providing tension and guides the yarn in a downward direction to prevent sloughing of the convolutions of yarn forming this portion of the package.

In up-twistlng from a bobbin, it is not customary in the art to use a twister cap as hereinafter described. We have discovered in up-twisting from our twisting package that improved results warddirection to prevent sloughing when unravelling from the delivery end, and that of providing means for balancing the tension when unravelling from the delivery end of the package.

We have found a decided advantage in using the twister cap and flyer in conjunction with our twisting package when up-twisting, but when both of these twisting elements are used together the chief purpose of the twister cap is to divert the yarn in a downward direction and to compensate for tension variations while the flyer merely acts as a tensionlng device and need not have the eye located in any specific relation to the package at the delivery end.

The construction and association of the twister cap and flyer and their cooperation with the twisting package will .be described more fully hereinafter.

In order that our improved package may be readily mounted on present-day types of twisting which may be conveniently associated with 'spindles now commonly in use. In ,Figures 5 and 6, we hav illustrated one iorm of adaptor particularly intended for association with relatively short spindles, designated by the reference character 40, whereas in Figures 7 and 8, we have 11-- lustrated another form of adaptor particularly devised for use with relatively long spindles, designated by the reference character fill.

As represented in Figures 5 and 6, the adaptor consists of two parts, that is, a sleeve 42 adapted to slip over the blade of the spindle 40, as shown at 44, and over the spindle whorl 46 for rigid engagement therewith, as indicated at 48, and a tubular member 50 for engagement; with the upper end portion of the spindle blade and having a spindle extension 54 for accommodating the twister cap or flyer or both at one time.

In order to assure the rigid engagement of the package 10 with the spindle 40, the sleeve 42 is preferably provided with a laterally extending flange 56 having a pair of diametrically opposed upwardly projecting points 58 disposed to press into the lower edge of the package core I! and thus lock the latter to the spindle.

Th adaptor shown in Figures 7 and 8, intended for use with the long type of spindle 40', consists of a tubular member 60 adapted to snugly fit about the blade of said spindle, as represented at 62 and resting upon the top portion of the spindle whorl 46'. The upper end portion 54 of the spindle blade extends outwardly of said member so that the twister cap or flyer, or both, may be engaged with said extended end portion 54. An annular plate 64 is aflixed, for instance,

5 by means of screws 66 to the lower portion of the member 60, said plate projecting slightly beyond the peripheral surface of said member and having upwardly directed points 68 for engagement with the core [2 of the package In when placed on the 40 spindle 40' provided with its adaptor.

In Figures 9 andv 10, there is shown a specially built one-piece solid spindle intended to replace the spindles now in common use on the presentday types of twisting machines.- of course, the

, specially built spindle which, for convenience herein, is designated in its entirety by the reference character 40a, does not require the use of adaptors, but is so constructed as to receive our improved twisting package. For that purpose, as clearly illustrated in Figures 9 and 10,

the spindle Illa comprises a cylindrical body 6011' of sufficient diameter to snugly fit within the package core l2. The lower portion of the spindle is formed with a whorl 46a separated from the body 60a by a rigid circumferentially extending flange 64a preferably provided-with upwardly extending points 68a suitably set therein for engagement with the package core 12 when in position on the spindle. The upper end of the spindle terminates with a restricted projection 54a adapted to accommodate. the twister cap or flyer, or both.

The package In being engaged upon the Ver tical spindle of the twisting machine in the manner stated, a flyer 25 with its eye 26 may be positioned in corelation with the upper end por tion or nose of the package in the manner. .indicated in Figure ll of t he drawings;'

The eye 26 of the flyer 25'through which the yarn is unraveled continuously causes the yarn to feed in a particular direction. In this connection, it is to be noted that the yarn unravelling from the upper or delivery end portion of the package is drawn downwardly, or in a direction to counteract the normal tendency of the wraps to slough off.

Instead of the flyer 25, there is used (of preference) the twisting cap 70 which is associated with the spindle and the twisting package in the manner more clearly represented in Figure 12.

As clearly shown in said Figure 12, the cap 10 consists of a rigid inverted cup-shaped member having a fiat circular top 12 and a downwardly flaring annular skirt M. The top 12 is formed with a central aperture 16 adapted to receive the spindle extension 54 or the extended end 54 of the spindle 40', or the extended end portion 54a of the special spindle 40a, depending upon the type of spindle used. The cap 70 is intended to revolve bodily with the spindle and, for that purpose, diametrically exposed recesses 18 are formed in the underside of the top 12 and arranged for engagement with pins 80 of the adaptor member 50, or pins 80' of thef'adaptor member 60, or pins 80a of the special spindle 40a. I

With the cap 10 positioned on the spindle as in Figure 12, it will be understood that the mar-' ginal edge 82 of said twister cap wiliengage the unravelling yarn, attention being directed to the fact that the marginal edge 82 engages the yarn in a manner to always draw the same downwardly in relation to the tapered nose of the package, thus counteracting any sloughing tendency of the convolutions forming the nose portion of the package.

As also shown in Figure 12, a flyer of the type designated by the reference character 25 may be used in conjunction with the twister cap ill, but in such a case the flyer 25, as hereinbefore stated, serves only as a tensioning device.

In Figure 13 are diagrammatically shown various locations in which the fiyer eye or rim of the twister cap is to be positioned, depending upon the revolving speed of the packing. As indicated, for operation of the tapered end twisting package, the fiyer eye or rim of the twister cap in running position may be positioned anywhere along, but must not be located closer to the package than, the line formed (and represented in dot and dash) between the points:

21, 29, 30 with a spindle speed of 12,000 RP. M. 21, 29, 3| with a spindle speed of 10,000 R. P. M. 21, 29, 32 with a spindle speed of 8,000 R. P. M. 21, 29, 33 with a spindle speed of 6,000 R. P. M. 21, 29, 34 with a spindle speed of 4,000 R. P. M.

From the foregoing, it will be understood that the distance between the package and the flyer ascertaining the distance from the top edge 35 of the package to the point 28 which is where the taper begins, and then ascertaining the distance from the point 28 to the point 217 and to the point 29, each of which is about one-fourth of the vertical distance from the point 20 to the top edge 35 of the package, and finally ascertaim ing the distance between each of the points $0, 36, 32, 33, and 34, each of which is about one-third of the vertical distance from point 27 to point 20.

By reason of the particular relation of the successive layers constituting the package, and the particular location of the flyer eye 26 or cap rim 82 in relation to the tapered end portion of a slant not exceeding 22.5 degrees, the yarn will unravel without danger of the convolutions sloughing ofi'.

Attention is called to the fact that the particular mode of winding the yarn upon the core permits the winding of more wraps in each layer so that it becomes possible to form a package of increased length and reduction of diameter which results in decreasing the tension variations from the inside tooutside of the package.

Figure 14 graphically illustrated the intermittent tension to which a yarn is subjected in uptwisting and also winding on either bobbins or headless packages. The tension on yarn from two bobbins or packages is represented in this graph, these being tied together at the knot 86.

The heavy line 83 indicates the average tension for both packages.

In winding yarn onto package No. I, the point 84 represents the minimum tension of 12 grams taken at a point where the yarn is traversed on thepackage midway between the ends of said package. This tension is on the first layer of yarn nearest to the foundation core or barrel at the center of the package. As the traverse advancesto the right the tension is increased to 20 grams at the extreme end of its movement at point 85; here the traverse reverses its motion to the left and the tension is reduced to the point 84a at the center of the package; continuing its motion to the left the tension is increased to the point 85A at the extreme end of its movement to the left; again reversing its motion to the right, the tension is reduced to 84b upon reaching thecenter of the package.

Above we have observed the tension variations in two layers of yarn, ortwo complete cycles of the traverse motion. It is to be understood that the number of complete cycles of tension'variation are much more numerous than represented between the point 84 and the knot 86 of the package No. I. The actual difference in tension between each cycle is hardly perceptible but this cycle, repeated a great number of times soon builds the package and the final result of tension In lip-twisting from such packages, the point 84 represents the minimum tension of i2 grams to which the yarn is subjected when unravelling from the outside upper portion of the package. As the unravelling continues. the tension is increased until the yarn is being delivered from the base of the package at which point the tension reaches its maximum of 20 grams. Here the yarn continues to unravel but moves towards the top of the package, gradually reducing in tension until the minimum is reached at 34, thus completing one cycle of yarn delivery from the outside of the package.

These cycles occur in periodic succession reaching the maximum tension at the base of the package represented by 85A, 85B, 85C, 85D, 85E, 85F, 85G, and 85H, and the minimum tension at the upper portion of the package represented by are, b, 04c, 84d, 84e, 84], 849, and 84h. A repetition of the cycle occurs in the package No. II, as represented by the reference characters 88, MH and 87, 81h.

From the foregoing explanations and illustrapresses the average tension curve 83 very rapidly from 22 grams to 16 grams. Fabric knitted or woven from such a yam will exhibit a marked contrast between the extremes in tension.

U 'Figure graphically illustrates the intermititent tension to which a yarn is subjected in winding our twisting package. The tension on yarn from two packages is represented in this graph, being tied together at knot 9|. The heavy line "i N indicates the average tension from both packages.

In winding yarn onto twisting package No. IA, the point 89 represents the minimum tension of 15 grams taken at the foundation core of the first yarn layer. It will be seen that the intermittent variations occurring during the winding are hardly perceptable in comparison to the variations in tension of yarn packages in Figure 14, but these intermittent tensions finally reach their maximum at the point 90 in package No. IA, and 93 in package No. IIA. This represents a mean difference of two grams between the yarn nearest to the core and the yarn from the outside of the package. A repetition of the cycle in periodic succession occurs in package No. IIA.

It is interesting to note that the tension increases very gradually until the packages are full and the tension is maximum at point 90. Here the yarn with maximum tension from package No. IA is tied to yarn of minimum tension from package No. IIA which depresses the average tension 84 very slightly. I

The graphic illustrations in Figure 16 represent the spinning tension to which a yarn is subjected to in unravelling from the twisting package No.

ID. The tension on yarns from two twisting packages is represented in this graph, these being tied together at the knot 96. The heavy line 95 indicates the average tension from both packages.

In unravelling yarn while simultaneously uptwistlng from our twisting package, the point 91 represents the minimum tension of 12 grams to which the yarn is subjected when unravelling from the outside upper portion of the package. As the unravelling continues toward the base, the tension increases with the greatest tension at the point 98; here the yarn continues to unravel but moves towards the top of the package, gradually reducing the tension until the minimum is reached at the point 91a, thus completing one cycle of yarn delivery from the outside of the package. These cycles occur in periodic succession reaching the maximum tension at the base of the package represented by 98A, 98B, 98C, 98D, "E, 98F, 98G, $81!, 581, and the minimum tension at the upper portion of the package represented by 91a, 91b, 91c, 91d, 91c, 91 91g, 91h, 912'. A repetition of the above cycle occurs in package No. 1128.

It is to be understood that the number of complete cycles of tension variations are much more numerous than represented between the point 91 and the knot 96 of package No. 1113. It is also to be noted that for the same maximum and minimum tension variations in unravelling while uptwisting from package No. 13 as compared with package No. I of Figure 14, that the intermittent tension variations are greater, but the average is much more constant. This results in less variation oftension where package No. IB and package No. 1113 are tied together at knot 96 in Figure 16, as compared with the variations occurring at knot 86 in Figure 14. Any variations in fabric resulting from tension variations are not noticeable when the variations are gradual, but are very noticeable when the variations are abrupt. Thus the fabric produced from yarn shown in Figure 14, packages I and II, would appear uniform when observing the rabric produced from each package individually, but at the point in the fabric where yarn from packages No. I and II was'joined by knot at 85, there would be a decided contrast in the appearance of the woven or knitted fabric.

In the art of winding bobbins preparatory to up-twisting, it is customary to place knots near the top or bottom head of the bobbin in order to as much as possible frictional contact of the unravelling thread with the knots. However, due to.the straight surface of the bobbin package, the location of the knots anywhere thereon does not prevent the yarn from becoming entangled therewith, but the construction of our package, having a tapered portion at the top, makes it possible, as indicated at luu in Figure 1, to place all knots on this tapered portion, with the result that very little frictional contact occurs, especially because the flyer 25 or twister cap 10 associated with the package in the manner hereinbeiore stated causes the unravelling yarn to be lifted off the package surface rather than dragged thereon. The detrimental effects of undue frictional contact between the unravelling thread and a knot are split filaments, elongation of the yarn, and breakage of the yarn. In the case of knitting, tight stitches and press-ofis occur.

We have previously pointed out that our twisting package makes possible the elimination of one operation. The operation eliminated is the winding of yarn from the conventional cone to our twisting package. This additional winding operation imparts variations to the yarn and, therefore, it can be readily appreciated that less detrimental variations and an improved yarn 'can be obtained by winding the yarn. directly onto our twisting package.

Heretofore, bobbins have almost invariably been used for all up-twisting purposes as a yarn support. These bobbins have a head at each end to prevent the yarn from falling off over the end. The chief objection to their use is the constant frictional contact with the yarn in unravelling from the package. In our twisting package, it is not necessary to use heads to keep the yarn from falling off over the end. This is accomplished by the tapered ends and the particular relationship of the yarn wraps and the layers.

In delivering yarn overend from the conventional type of cone, it very often catches at the base. This is caused by underwinding, which usually breaks the thread before it can pull away and resume delivery. These .underwinds do not occur on our package by virtue of the gradual taper at the base. Even if the yarn does fall to the base, it can immediately resume delivery without any perceptible increase in tension.

On conventional cones, the yarn forming the ends is continually exposed, permitting collection of dirt and oxidation to this portion of the yarn. Due to the renewal of surfaces, our twisting package overcomes this detriment.

scribed, since we have discovered equally good spinning results may be obtained if certain modifications are made without exceeding a 22.5 degree angle subtended between the central axis of the package andltapered ends or any portion of the outside of the package. Accordingly, any modifications coming within the scope of the subjoined claims are to be considered within the spirit of the invention.

In concluding, it is pointed out that the term twist or twisting used in the description and claims is not to be interpreted in its meaning to include spinning or any other yarn processing operation which results in imparting to the yarn a certain amount of twist.

What we claim is:

1. A tapered end headless twisting package wherein the yarn is intended to be ravelled over one end thereof consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn layers, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction, the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, and the wraps of yarn in each 5 of said layers being closer to each other at the section of the layer nearest to said end than at the section farthest from said end.

2. A tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn 0 layers, the layers in every, other group progressing in one direction, the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, and the wraps of yarn in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps of yarn in the interposed layers.

3. A tapered end headless twisting package wherein the yarn is intended to be ravelled over one end thereof consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn layers, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each layer in said groups having substantially the same length but starting and ending at difierent points along the length of the package, and the wraps of yarn in each of.- said layers being closer to each other at the section of the layer nearest to said end than at the section farthest from said end.

4. A tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn layers, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction and the layers of every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each layer in said groups having substantially the same length but starting and ending at different points along the length of the pack-- age, and the wraps of yarn in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps of yarn in the interposed layers.

5. A tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn layers, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each layer in said groups having substantially the same length but starting and endingat different points along the length of the package, the wraps of yarn in each of said layers be-- ing closer to each other at the upper section of the layer than at the lower section thereof, and the wraps of yarn in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps of yarn in the interposed layers.

6. A tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of wound yarn layers, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each layer in said groups having substantially the same length but starting and ending at difierent points along the length of the package, the wraps of yarn in each of said layers being closer to each other at the upper section of the layer than at the lowersection thereof, and the wraps of yarn in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps of yarn in the interposed layers, the relative arrangement of the wraps and layers being controlled to impart to the package tapered ends extending on a slant of not more than 22.5 degrees.

7. The method of Winding yarn into a tapered end package-comprising: winding the yarn upon a foundation core in a plurality of progressively overlapping groups of layers; guiding the yarn during its winding so that the layers in every other group progress in one direction, and the layers in every intermediate group progress in the opposite direction, and each layer in said groups has substantially the same length but starts and ends at dificrent points along said core; controlling the progressively overlapping relationship of said layers to impart tapered ends to the package; and locating all knots .on the tapered portion at the delivery end of said package.

8. The method of winding, in a tapered end package, yarn to which twist is to be imparted by up-twisting simultaneously with the unravelling thereof, consisting in: winding the yarn upon a foundation core adaptable to twisting spindles in a plurality of overlapping groups of layers; guiding the .yarn during its winding so that the layers in every other group progress in one direction, and the layers in every intermediate group progress in the opposite direction, and each layer in said groups has substantially the same length, but starts and ends at different points along said core; controlling the progressively overlapping relationship of said layers to impart tapered ends to the package; and locating all knots on the tapered portion at the delivery end of the package.

9. A yarn package having layers of yarn wraps,

11. Ayarn package having layers of yarn wraps,

said layers being formed into groups, the layers in every other group progressing in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each layer layers in each of said groups 2,301,711 in each of said groups having substantially the same length, but starting and ending at different points along the length of the package, andthe wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the interposed layers.

12. A yarn package having layers of yarn wraps, said layers being formed into groups, the layers in every other group direction and the layers in every intermediate group progressing in the opposite direction, each having substantially the same length, but starting and ending at different points along the length of the package, the wraps in each of said layers being closer to each other at one section of the layer than at the other section thereof, and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the interposed layers.

13. A yarn package having layers of yarn wraps, the wraps in each closer to each other at one direction of the layer than at the other section thereof, and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the interposed layers.

14. In a yarn package wherein the yarn is intended to be ravelled over one end; successive layers of yarn wraps respectively wound towards and away from said end of the package, the wraps wound in the direction away from said end being spaced further apart than the wraps wound in the direction towards said end.

15. In a yarn package wherein the yarn is intended to be ravelled over one end, successive layers of yarn wraps respectively wound towards and away from said end of the package, the wraps wound in the direction away from said end being spaced further apart than the wraps wound in the direction towards said end, and the wraps nearest to said end being wound closer to each other than the wraps farthest from said end.

progressing in one of said layers being,

ing of the yarn to space the wraps in each layer closer to each other at one section of the layer than at the other section thereof, and to space the wraps in every other layer further apart from each other than the wraps layers.

20. The method of making a yarn package comprising: winding yarn upon a foundation core in a plurality of progressively overlapping groups of layers; guiding the yarn during its winding so that the layers in every other group progress in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progress in the opposite direction; and controlling the winding of the yarn to space the wraps in each layer closer to each other at one section of the layer than at the other sectionthereof, and to space the wraps in every other layer further apart from each other than the wraps in the interposed layers.

21. A tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of associated layers of wrapped yarn, said layers progressively overlapping in controlled relationship in one direction, then in the other direction, to impart to said package tapered ends extending on a slant of not more than 22.5 degrees, and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the 16. The method of making a yarn package comprising: winding yarn upon a foundation core in a plurality of layers; and controlling the winding of the yarn to space the wraps in every other layer further apart from each other than the wraps in the interposed layers.

17. The method of making a yarn package comprising: winding yarn upon a foundation core in a plurality of progressively overlapping groups of layers; guiding the yarn during its winding so that the layers in every other group progress in one direction and the layers in every intermediate group progress in the opposite direction; and controlling the winding of the yarn to space the wraps in every other layer further apart from each other than the wraps in the interposed layers.

18. The method of making a yarn package comprising: winding yarn upon a foundation core in a plurality of progressively overlapping groups of layers; guiding the yarn during its winding so that the layers in every other group progress in one direction, and the layers in every intermediate group progress in the opposite direction, and so that each layer in said groups has substantially the same length but starts and ends at different points along said core; and controlling the windingof the yarn to space the wraps in every other layer further apart from each other than the wraps in the interposed layers.

19. The method of making a yarn package comprising: winding yarn upon a foundation core and controlling the windin a plurality of layers;

wraps in the intermediate layers.

22. An elongated tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of layers of wrapped yarn adapted to be twisted by uptwisting simultaneously with the unravelling thereof over one end of said package, said layers having a controlled relationship to impart to said end of the package a taper of not more than a 22.5 degree angle, and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the intermediate layers.

23. An elongated tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of layers of wrapped yarn adapted to be twisted by uptwisting simultaneously with the unravelling thereof over one end of said package, the layers in every other group progressing in opposite directions, the progressing movement of the layers being controlled to impart to said end of the package a taper of not more than a 22.5 degree angle, the wraps in each of said layers being closer to each other at said end of the package than at the other end thereof, and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the intermediate layers.

24. An elongated tapered end headless twisting package consisting of a plurality of groups of layers of wrapped yarn adapted to be twisted by uptwisting simultaneously with the unravelling thereof over one end of said package, the layers in every other group progressing towards said end of the package and the layers in every intermediate group progressing away from said end of the package, each layer in said groups being substantially of the same length but starting and ending at different points along the length of the package, the yarn wraps in each of said layers being closer to each other at said end of the package than at the other end thereof, the relative arrangement of the wraps and layers being controlled to impart to said end of the package a taper extending on a slant of not more than 22.5 degress and the wraps in every other layer being spaced further apart than the wraps in the intermediate layers.

- WARREN A. SEEM.

NICHOLAS STODDARD.

in the intermediate