US2299061A - Binder - Google Patents

Description

l. sPlNNER Oct. 13, 1942.

BINDER Filed March 25, 1940 Patented Oct. 13, 1942'v BINDER Isidore Spinner, Chicago,y lll., assignor to Plastic Binding Corporation, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application March 25, 1940, Serial No. 325,692

Claims. (Cl. 281-25) This invention relates to binders, more particularly to mechanical binders of the type comprising a longitudinally extending back from -which a plurality of spaced 'curled fingers extend, the curled fingers. constituting binding rings or loops. The rings are adapted to be passed'through aligned registering perforations in a stack of pages to bind the pages into bock form. A

When the teeth of the binder are inserted through the aligned perforations in the stack of pages to be bound the back of the comb-like structure constitutes the means for holding the teeth together. Where the back is of considerable width it may interferewith the turning of the pages through an arc of almost 360, as may sometimes be desired. This difficulty is sometimes overcome by forming the binder with the back extending radially inwardly or outwardly of the binder so that it lies in a plane parallel to lan adjacent sheet` 'The machinery required for forming the back in Ithis manner is more complicated than that required for forming a binder wherein the back is not bent radially and, in addition, the time required for forming such a binder is increased by reason ofthe needv of an additional operation.

It is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a binder having the advantages of a binder of the above mentioned character, that is, one wherein the back extends outwardly of the binder, and yet not subject to the increased cost. This result is obtained by' forming the binder with a back'that extends tangentially of the rings, rather than radially thereof. A tangentially extending back .can be obtained in a very simple manner. In accordance with the teachings of the present invention the comb for forming the binder is curled from the free ends of the fingers towards the back, rather than in the opposite direction as was heretofore practiced. The fingers are curled to form rings or loops extending through an angle exceeding 360, and the back is not curled at all. The curling operation stops when the lingers form complete rings and before therback is curled. 'Ihis not exerts a resilient pressure against the portion of the loop overlapped thereby. A liquid which acts as an adherent may then be paintedy over the edges of the tooth Ain contact with the part of the tooth overlapped thereby to adhere thev two together.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide a binder of the above mentioned charonly produces a binder wherein the back eX-l-i tends tangentially of the rings'but, also, reduces the time required for curling the binder.

After the binder has been formed in the manner above set forth the fingers may be uncurled` to receive a stack of pages having aligned perforations, and will recurl under their own elasticity to resume the tubular form. In the preembodying the present invention;

Figure 2 is another longitudinal view taken at right angles to Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a sectional View. taken along line 3 3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of an end portion ot the binder of Figure 1;

Figure 5'is a diagrammatic View illustrating the manner of rolling the binder of Figure `1;`

Figure 6 isa sectional view through the end of a book bound by the binder of Figure 1 but before completion of the binding operation; and

Figure 7 is a transverse sectional view of a the book bound in accordance with the present invention. y

Reference may now` be had more particularly to Figures 1, 2 and 3. 'Ihe binder is formed from a piece of material that is stamped or cut out to form a comb comprising a continuous flat back portion from which a plurality of parallel fingers extend. In the completed comb the back is i1- lustrated at I ,and the fingers at 2. If desired, the back I may be very much narrower than illustrated, even less than half the width illustrated. The iingersvare uniformly spaced apart and are curled to form rings, as may be seen in Figure 3, 'All of the rings 2-2 are concentric. 'I'he fingers are comparatively wide and spaced apart a distance equal to the width of a finger, as may be seen from Figure 1. The outer ends 4 of the fingers are curved, as are also the spaces between adjacent fingers at the back, as indicated at 5. When the comb is curled the binder ferred embodiment the free endof each tooth takes on a cylindrical form, each finger being curled convolutely upon itself through an angle exceeding 360 so that the free end l of each finger overlaps a portion of the loop, as may be seen from Figures 3 and 4.

In Figure 5 I have illustrated, diagrammatically, one manner of forming the binder in that construction wherein the binder is made of thermo-plastic material. The blank for forming the binder is indicated at I0. The preferred material is such that it becomes plastic when heated so that it may be formed to the desired shape. This shape is retained when the material cools. Suitable thermoplastic material such as, for instance, Celluloid, pyroxylin, or the various other plastics of nitro-cellulose, cellulose acetate, ethyl cellulose, or the vinol types of plastics may be used. The blank rests on a flexible sheet I5 upon a heated table I6. The sheet I5 is rolled around a mandrel I'I and passes around a rod I8, the end at being held fixed and the opposite end I5 being held taut. The mandrel II and the rod IB roll from right to left upon the table I6 to curi the binder. A machine for thus forming a binder is illustrated in the pending application of Christian B. Nelson and Isidore Spinner, Serial No. 91,090, led July 17, 1936, to which reference may be had. In making a binder such as is illustrated in Figure l the blank is placed upon the flexible sheet I5 with the rounded edges d of the fingers directed towards the mandrel Il instead of away from the mandrel, as in the Nelson and Spinner application above referred to. The apparatus is rolled until the center of the mandrel II is adjacent and above the inner edge 5 of the back I but the back is not curled.

The binder of Figures 1 and 2 is considerably more flexible in bending, than it would be if the back Il were curled around the fingers. Because of the greater flexibility there is less likelihood of breaking or cracking of the back either before or after the binder has been inserted in a stack of pages to be bound.

In Figure 6 I have illustrated a stack of pages 25, including covers 26 and 2l, bound by the binder of Figure 1. The stack of pages has a row of aligned perforations through which the fingers 2 extend. The binder maybe inserted through the ngers by use of a machine such as is shown in the United States patent to Nelson et al., No. 2,108,136, issued February 15, 1938, and in accordance with the method of operation described in that patent. To bind the book the two covers `Ii--ZI 'are preferably adjacent one another, as illustrated in Figure 6. The lower cover 2l may then be swung through an are of substantially 360 so that it lies over the top sheet 28 and constitutes a cover therefor. At this time the back I lies between the cover 21 and one end sheet 28. The back I holds the rings of the binder while at the same time permitting flexing of the book without stressing the binder. The pages of the book may be .turned through an angle approximately 360.

When the binder is made of thermo-plastic material, such as above set forth, the ends 4 of the fingers may be adhered to the adjacent part of the loop. This may be done merely by holding the book vertically, with the binder horizontal and lowermost, and dipping the lower end of the binder into a suitable adherent solution. The preferred solution is one which includes a soluble base which is a solvent for the material of the binder. In the case of a Vinol binder, one suitable material to be used for adhering the teeth to the back is vinci-chloride mixed with vinolacetate. This material is a solvent for the VinoL As the solvent evaporates the material dissolved thereby solldifles and binds the overlapped part of the loop.

The binder hereinshown may, lf desired, be made on a machine such as is shown in the pending application of Harold G. Barrett, Serial No. 310,081. If made on this machine the fingers of the blank are of sufficient length to form the shape illustrated in Figure 3, the operation or the machine being stopped each time that the binder has been curled to that shape, and before the back I is curled.

While I have here spoken of a binder of thermoplastic material, which is the preferred material, the invention is not limited to the use of this material. If desired any other types of material may beused as, for instance, spring steel or the like.

In compliance with the requirements of the patent statutes I have here shown and described a preferred embodiment of my invention. It is, however, to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise construction here shown, the same being merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. What I `consider new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. An article of manufacture comprising a binder for insertion into a stack of sheets provided with aligned perforations along one of their edges, said binder being of resilient material preformed to substantially the ultimate shape it is to have after complete insertion into the stack and including a back and -a plurality of teeth integral with the back and extending from one longitudinal edge thereof, said teeth being curved to constitute a plurality of closed substantially circular loops adapted to be flexed, within their elastic limite-.out of their normal. positions for receiving the sheets between them and automatically recurled under their own resiliency to pass through the aligned perforations, said back projecting so as to lie in a plane substantially tangent to the loop and parallel to the plane of an adjacent sheet.

2. A book of perforated sheets provided with aligned perforations along one of their edges and a binder for said sheets, said binder being of plastic elastic material and including a back and a plurality of teeth integral with the back and extending from one longitudinal edge thereof, said teeth being curved to constitute a plurality of substantially circular loops passed through the aligned perforations to bind the sheets, the free end of each tooth overlapping the loop and curved along substantially the same curvature as the rest of the teeth, the back of thebinder projecting tangentially from the periphery of the loop, and the free ends of the teeth being adhered to the portion of the loop overlapped thereby.

3. A book of perforated sheets having a binding comprising a backbone having a plurality of lingers extending therefrom, said fingers being generally circular ring-shaped and formed to extend through the perforations of said sheets, and said backbone lying in a plane extending tangentially of the rings defined by saidy fingers.

4. A binding device comprising a comb-shaped member having a backbone and a plurality of integral fingers extending therefrom, said fingers being shaped to provide a plurality of substantially circular rings lying in parallel planes perpendicular to said backbone, said backbone lying stack and including a back and a plurality of teeth integral with the back and extending from one longitudinal edge thereof,v said teeth being curved to constitute a plurality of substantially circular loops adapted to be liexed, within their 9,209,150: u mamme tangential: to the rings at their Juneelastic limit,-out of their normal positions for receiving the sheets between them and automatically recurled under their own resiliency to pass through the aligned perlorations. the free end oi each tooth extending beyond-the back and in contact with the adjacent part of the loop along.

a curve having substantially the same center as the rest of the tooth, each loop extending through an arc greater than 360, said back being on the outside oi said loops and lying in a plane substantially tangent to said loops.

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