US2293190A - Stylus head carrier - Google Patents

Description

g- 1942. G. P. BRUBAKER 2,293,190 I STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed "July 5, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 0/ baker BY? 9 ATTORNEY Aug. 18, 1942.

G. P. BRUBAKER 2,293,190 STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed July 5, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 'IIIIIIIIIIA INVENTOR ATTORNEY 1942 G. P. BRUBAKER 2,293,190

STYLUS HEAD CARRIER Filed July 5, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN\/ ENT'OR BY Z/m/ fxowm UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE I i I "2,293,190 m smusnuncaaama George P. Brubaker, Ins

Ina, Beverly to Memovox,

poration of Ohio Angeles, Calif assignm- Hills, Call! a cor- Application Jul 's, 1941, Serial No. 401,138 1 12 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for the recording and reproduction of sound, and especially to apparatus of the type including a recorder .adapted to form a record groove on a suitable blank, as well as a reproducer adapted for playing back the recorded material directly after recordation.

Such a paratus is in general well known, one form being shown and described in an application filed in the name of Frank Rieber on April 28, 1941, Serial Na l-190,690, and entitled Phonograph apparatus, and assigned to the same assignee as the present invention. It is one of the objects of this invention to provide improved apparatus of this character, 1 It is preferredto use for the blank on which the record is formed, a thin disc of material which may be readily embossed by the recording stylus.

Thus, it is necessary to provide mechanism to cause the recording stylus to be positively traversed across the record surface, as the recording progresses. Due to the shallow depth of such a record groove, it is also desirable to cause the reproducing stylus to be positively traversed across the record surface.

It is another object of this invention to inter! link the motion of the reproducer with that of the recorder in a simple and effective manner, and further to provide an improved arrangement for adjusting the relative positions of the recorder and reproducer with respect to the record groove. In this way the reproducer may be so adjusted as to be in position to play back the immediately preceding recorded matter whenever desired, without the necessity of subsequent adjustments.

This invention possesses many other advantages, and has other objects which may be made more easily apparent from a consideration of one embodiment of the invention. For this purpose there is shown a form in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specification. This form will now be described in detail, illustrating the general principles of the inven tion; but it is to be understood that this detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, since the scope of this invention is best defined by the appended claims,

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view, partly in section, of a phonograph incorporating the invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view as seen on plane 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig, 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1, but with the deck and certain other parts broken away to show the operating mechanism;

5 due to lateral motion of frame I, the speed of Fig. 4 is a side elevation partly in section as seen from the right hand side of Fig. 3, and as indicated by arrow 4 in that figure;

Fig. 5 is a detail section asseen on plane 5-5 of Fig. 2; I

Fig. 61s a plan view of the structure of Fig. 5,

, with the protective cover removed, substantially the record blank 2.

as seen on plane 6-6 of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view on an enlarged scale, as seen on plane of Fig. 5;

' Fig, 8 is a fragmentary detail section as seen on plane 8-8 of Fig. 5;

Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 are fragmentary detail sections as seen on the correspondingly numbered planes of Fig. 7

Fig. 13 is a. transverse I3-I 3 of Fig. 12; and

Fig. 14 is a detail Il-Il of Fig. 10. g

The phonograph apparatus is provided with a turntable I adapted to carry arecord receiving section as seen on plane blank 2 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) and supported for rotation about a vertical a ds by means of a spindle mechanism 3 (Fig. 2). Rotation is imparted to turntable I by means of a floating puck or idler 4 (Figs. 2 and 3), resiliently urged into frictional engagement with lower face of the turntable I and the surface of an elongated driving roller 5, driven by any suitable source of power, such as a small electric motor 8 (Fig. 3). Rotation of the turntable I serves to drive a feed screw 1 (Fig. 3)

through-suitable gearing 8, the rotation of the feed screw causing a slidably supported frame or carriage 9 to move transversely with respect to the turntable I. Frame 8 by means of arm In (Figs. 1, 2 and 3) carries the recorder II, which may be preferably an electrically operated type recording head with a stylus I2-which bears upon The recorder II and frame 9 are so arranged that the stylus I2 moves across the recordin a substantially radial direction.

The idler or puck 4 is so carried by frame 9 that it remains in fixed lateral relationship with stylus I 2. Thus, as stylus I2 traversesrecord 2,

rotation of the record 2 and the turntable I progressively ch'anges due to the movement of idler 4 toward or away from the axis of the turntable I. In this way, a substantially constant linear speed of the record 2 past the recording stylus I2 is provided.

The reproducer I4 (Figs. likewise be preferably an 1, 2, 5, 6 and 7) may electrical type head,

arranged for radial movement across the rec-- ord surface at some convenient angle with the SBCtiOn as seen on plane path of the recorder head II. The reproducer head I4 is supported by frame I5 (Figs. 6 and 7), its stylus I6 engaging the surface of record 2. Reproducer I4 is connected with frame 9 so that it moves simultaneously with recorder II, this connecting means being so arranged that the reproducer follows the recorder in the rec- 0rd groove with a small adjustable amount of lag. Means are provided for optionally lifting either stylus out of contact with the record, as well as disconnecting frame 9 from the feed screw, and stopping rotation of the turntable I.

As Nearly shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the entire apparatus is secured to a rectangular deck plate 20, which may be supported in any convenient manner. Secured to plate 20 beneath opposite end edges thereof by any suitable means are frame members 22 and 23 (see particularly Figs. 3 and 4). Tubular members 24, 25 and 26 extend between frames 22 and 23, the ends of these members being secured in the frames 22 and 23 in any convenient manner.

These members 24, 25 and 26 serve to support various parts of the mechanism.

As best shown in Fig. 2, the turntable I may be secured to the spindle proper 30 of spindle mechanism 3 as by being attached to a plate 3I on spindle 30 in any convenient manner. Spindle 30 is supported at its lower end on a single ball 34 forming a thrust bearing and resting on an adjustable plug 35 in the bottom of a hous ing 36. Spindle 30 is radially guided by a long bearing sleeve 31 formed in the top cover 38 of a housing 36, This housing is seen to best advantage in Fig. 2. Housing 36 is secured to tubular members 24 and 25 by means of split arms 39 and 40 (see Fig. 3) through which members 24, 25 respectively pass. Set screws 4| serve to clamp the arms about their respective supports.

The record member 2 may be ofthe form described in a prior application filed in the name of Frank Rieber, on September 19, 1939, Serial No. 295,613, and entitled Sound record carrier. Such a record may be very thin, having a thickness of the order of .015.

A pin 42 is provided in plate 3I extending upwardly through a suitable opening in the turntable I to engage opening 44 in record 2, for ensuring that the record 2 rotates with turntable I.

The recorder II is of a conventional electrical type and includes a casing 45 (Figs. 1 and 2) enclosing the actuating mechanism from which stylus I2 projects. Casing 45 is suitably secured as by screws 46 in arm 41 which in turn is pivotally carried at 49 by the arm I0 on frame 9 (see Fig. 1). v,

A bracket 56 in arm I0 rotatably carries a shaft 65 which has a small operating or thumb lever 66 at its outer end. A cam 61 is pinned on shaft 65 and is adapted to engage a push rod 68 pivotally connected as by a clevis 69 to an ear on arm 41.

If it is desired to raise stylus I2 above the record surface, cam 61 is turned approximately 90 clockwise by means of handle 66, bringing the high part of cam 61 into contact with rod 66 and swinging arm 41 upwardly about its pivot 49 in arm I0 and raising recorder II.

As previously mentioned, arm I0 is carried by the carriage structure 9. Thus the arm I0 includes a vertical column-like portion 90 terminating in a foot 9I which rests on the carriage 9. A long stud 92 passes downwardly through column 90 and threadedly engages carriage 9, a cap nut 93 serving to secure the arm I0 on the carriage. Suitable dowel pins (not shown) are provided to prevent the arm I0 rotating about the stud 92 as a pivot.

The carriage 9 is of a triangular or A-shaped form as shown in Fig. 3 and is slidably supported at each of its extremities on the tubular members '25, 26. i

The mechanism for advancing carriage 9 as the recording progresses will now be described in detail. Due to the thinness of the record 2 which it is intended to use, it is preferable to have the recording proceed'from near the center toward the periphery of the record 2 to ensure against buckling (in the direction indicated by arrow II5, Fig. 1).

As clearly shown in Fig. 3, lead screw 1 extends from near the spindle structure 3 to frame 22. One end of the lead screw I is rotatably supported in a suitable bushing H6 in frame 22, the other end being suppported in a similar bushing H1 in the housing 36.

Mounted on lead screw I near one end thereof so as to be disposed within housing 36 is a gear wheel IIB having spiral teeth adapted to engage the teeth of a cooperating spiral pinion II9 secured on spindle 30. Accordingly, the lead screw 1 is driven by the turntable spindle, and the angular motion of screw I is at all times proportional to the angular motion of the turntable I. By appropriate choice of the pitch of the threads on lead screw 1 and of the ratio between gears H8, H9, the pitch of the grooves formed on record 2 may be of anydesired value. Further, by altering the direction of rotation of the lead screw' 1, or of the screw threads on the lead screw, the recording could be'formed from the periphery of the record inwardly.

As previously pointed out, rotation of the lead screw produces a corresponding movement of the recorder I I. This is accomplished by the aid of a feed nut I20 carried by the carriage or frame 9.

The nut I20 has a pair of fragmentary internally threaded and axially spaced bands I2I and I22, joined by a yoke I23. Bands I2I and I22 occupy oppositely disposed angular portions of a complete circumference, so as to engage the threads of lead screw I on diametrically opposite portions thereof. In this way a rotation of yoke I23 about an axis I24 radial to screw 1 serves either to engage or disengage the threads of bands I2I and I22 with or from thethreads of screw I.

In order to permit such rotation, as well as to connect the nut I20 operatively to carriage 9 so that movement of the nut I20 will advance the carriage, a shaft I25 is fastened to ,yoke I23. Shaft I25 is supported for rotation aboutaxis I24 by a guide I26, secured to carriage 9, in any convenient manner.

Shaft I25 is resiliently urged about its axis I24 to move the interrupted bands I2I and I22 into engagement with lead screw I. This may be accomplished for example by the aid of a tension spring I35, one end of which is secured to crank arm I31, the other end being anchored to a post I36 on carriage 9. When it is desired to disengage the nut I20 from screw 1, the shaft I25 is turned counterclockwise through a small angle, as viewed from the top. The means for accomplishing this will be described hereinafter.

The mechanism for rotating the turntable I will now be described (see Figs. 2 and 3). As previously mentioned the source of power for this aaoafeo rotation may be an electric motor 6 (Fig. 3). The shaft or motor 6 carries a small pulley I40 connected by belt I to a large pulley I42 mounted on one end of shaft I43 which shaft carries drum 5. Shaft I43 is rotatably supported in frame 23 by a suitable bushing I44. The other end I55 of shaft I43 is journalled in the bushing II 1 supported by housing 36. The lead screw 1 and shaft I43 together with driving roller are coaxial. The idler 4 is in' driving relation with roller 5 (which may be of metal) as well as with the underside of table I. Idler 4 may have a resilient rim I45 of rubber or other suitable material. An opening I46 is formed in plate 20 to permit the idler 4 to engage the underside of table I.

The idler 4 is freely rotatable on stub shaft I41 which is secured on arm I48, slidable with respect to frame 9. Thus arm I48 is pivoted in an inverted U-shaped link I49 which in turn is pivotally attached to a lug I50 on frame 9 (see Fig- 3). .The rear end of bar I48 is slidable befirst lifts the recording stylus I2 from the record surface, then stops rotation of the turntable I, and finally frees the nut I20 from the feed screw 1.

The reproducer or playback head I4 is arranged to traverse the record 2 in a direction tween 9. pair of cylindrical posts I51 and I52, each secured to the top of frame 9 by a screw I53. A bar I54 joints the tops of posts I5I, I52. The idler 4 is urged resiliently toward the right, into the driving position, by the aid of a tension spring I56, one end of which is secured to the pivoted link I49, the other end being anchored to a post I51 on carriage 9. When it is desired to disconnect the drive to the table I bar I48 is moved toward the left, from the position of Fig. 3. Convenient means are provided for lifting the recording stylus I2 from the record 2, as well as to stop rotation of the turntable I, and disengage the feed nut I20 from the feed screw 1. Thus, the position of the recorder as well as the reproducer on the record may be adjusted.

This control mechanism will now be described. As best shown in Figs. land 3, a vertical shaft I60 is rotatably supported within column 90. This shaft carries a crank arm I63, to which is pivotally attached a clevis I64. A connecting rod I65 is in turn pivotally attached at one end to clevis" I64 and at the other end to crank 83 which is mounted on the end of the cam shaft 65 (Fig. 1). Thus when crank 83 is rotated by movement of lever 66, rotation .is imparted to shaft I60.

When lever 66 is in the forward horizontal position of the drawings, the recorder stylus I2 is in contact with the record, as previously described, and crank 83 is perpendicularly upward with respect to lever 66. When lever 66 is moved through 90 to raise the recorder head, crank 83 by means of the described connections swings shaft I 60 in a clockwise direction about its axis. Shaft I60 carries a lever I66 (Fig. '3) near its lower end to which is pivoted one end of a link I61. The other, or left hand end, of link I61 op-- erates a lever I68 pivoted on a post I69 on the top of frame 9. The free end of lever I68 is arranged to cooperate with a stop I secured to the top of bar I48. Sufficient clearance must be provided between stop I10 and lever I68 to ensure that the recording stylus I2 is clear of the surface of record 2 before the idler 4 is driving engagement.

It is necessary that this movement of thumb moved out of lever 66 also disengage feed nut I from feed screw 1. In order to accomplish this, shaft I60 carries another crank I13 to which one end of a link I14 is connected. The opposite end of link I14 is slidably supported in a bracket I15carried by frame 9. The free extremity of link I14 is transverse to the direction of movement of the recorder 'I I, and as indicated by arrow I8I, Fig. 1.

- The reproducer I4 may also be of the electrical type, having a stylus I6, which may be permitted at will to rest upon the record 2 by gravity. Reproducer I4 has a rearwardly extending shank I82 (see Figs. 2 and 7) adapted to be secured in A counterweight I is secured to the rear end' of tube I83 and forms a shoulder I9I, between which and block I84 a compression spring I92 is accommodated. Spring I92 acts to urge tube I83 axially in block I84, causing pin, I86 to engage notch I85. This serves to maintain the stylus I6 in a plane normal to the record surface. If desired, the head I4 may be lifted slightly and togetherwith tube I83 rotated half a turn about the axis of the tube. This turns the head I4 over with the stylus I6 on top, the pin I86 and notch I85 serving to maintain it in this position, when such operations as replacement or repair of parts may be effected.

Block I84 is mounted for universal movement with respect to supporting frame I (Figs. '1 and 9), by an inverted T-shaped hanger I96. The.

vertical leg I91 of this hanger passes through a hole I 98 in carriage or frame I95 and is supported by means of adjustable pintle or bearing screws 202 carried by the block and engaging the ends of part 20I. The block I84 and hanger I96 form a freely adjustable universal joint for the reproducer arm assembly, permitting the reproducer stylus I6 to follow any minor vagaries of the record groove.

Carriage I95 is slidably supported on rods 205, 206 of frame I5 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) for movement parallel to the surface of record 2. These rods are mounted in arms 201, 208 secured to the back frame member 22 and overhanging the deck plate 20. A sheet metal cover plate 209 for this described mechanism is supported on arms 201, 208. 0

Means .are provided to move carriage I95 along,

short tube 2 is mounted in suitable/bores formed in carriage I95; one end of the tube havbraces tube I83.

ing a flange 2I2 and being partially closed by a wall 2I3. The eccentric 2I0 is secured on the other end of tube 2 as by a set screw 2I5 so as to retain tube 2 on carriage I95. -A bar 2l6 normally rests on the eccentric 2I0.

A U-shaped strap 2II (Figs. '7, 10 and 14) is pivoted at 2I8 to carriage I95 and loosely em- The bar 2 I6 is pinned to strap 2" by means of screw 22I. Rotation of eccentric 2I0 from the position of Fig. 7 will swing strap 2II upwardly aboutits pivot 2I8, the strap engaging tube I83 and swinging the reproducer upwardly about pivots 202. Since it is necessary to prevent lateral displacement of the reproducer I4 relative to carriage I95 when it is suspended above the record, the lower end of strap 2H is provided with a deep V-notch 220, the sides of which are adapted to engage tube I83 and hold it against sideward movement.

When strap 2I'l is in its lower position so that the reproducer stylus I6 supports reproducer I4 on the record, the strap is sufficiently-below arm I83, to provide clearance between the arm I83 and notch 220, so that the arm and reproducer may have a certain amount of free lateral movement. To provide for accurately adjusting this clearance, the angular position of bar 2l6 with respect to strap 2H may be adjusted by loosening the screw 22I.

For conveniently rotating eccentric 2I0 to raise or lower reproducer I4, a knob225 (Fig. 6) is provided on the exterior of cover 209. Knob 225 is mounted on one end of a shaft 226 which is rotatably supported in the adjacent portion of cover 209. Shaft 226 passes through the end wall 2I3 of tube 2| I, so as to be splined therein and supported thereby, whereby rotation of the shaft 226 will rotate the tube 2 together with the eccentric 2I0. For example, shaft 226 may be square for almost its entire length, and wall 2I3 provided with a corresponding square hole.

The reproducer I4 is made automatically to follow the traversing motion of the recorder II by means of a flexible element or cable 230 (see Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7) to which the reproducer and the recorder are both joined. This element 230 is appropriately guided by suitable pulleys supported on the frame members.

Thus, a guide pulley 23I is rotatably supported near the end of tubular frame member 26 (see Figs. 3 and 4); similar pulleys 235 and 235 are supported near the middle of member 26 by a bracket 231 (see also Fig. 5). The top reach of element 230 passes between pulleys 23I and 235 and is secured to carriage 9 by a suitable clamp 233 carried on member IIO, which serves as one of the supporting elements of the carriage. The lower reach of element 230 passes between pulleys 23I and pulleys 236, a slot 234 being provided in member IIO to permit it to move freely with respect to the carriage. Cable 230 passes around pulleys 235 and 236 and upward to similar pulleys 238 and 239 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7), rotatably supported in the end of arm support 208. Element 230 passes from pulley 238 parallel with rod 206 and freely in front of carriage I95 to a pulley 240 mounted in the end of arm 201; thence from pulley 240 along the rear of bar 206 to pulley 239, being secured to carriage I95 in any convenient way. Thus, as frame 9 carries recorder II transversely of the record, a movement in the same sense and equal in amount is imparted to reproducer I4.

It may be desirable to vary the distance relative to the record groove by which the reproducer I4 follows the recorder II.

'254 for receiving cable 230.

It is possible to make such adjustment by appropriate manipulation of clamp 233, or the means securing cable 230 to carriage I95, but a simpler and more accurate method is desirable. A convenient way in which such lag can be varied will now be described.

By referring to Figs. 6, 7, 12 and 13, it will be seen that a threaded bar 245 is rotatably supported on carriage I95 adjacent cable 230. Bar 245 has a portion 246 of reduced diameter at one end rotatably carried in a suitable opening 241 in one side member 258 of carriage I95. The opposite end of bar 245 has a similar reduced portion 248 rotatably mounted in a bushing 249. Bushing 249 has an outside diameter slightly in excess of the diameter of bar 245 and is secured in a suitable opening 250 in the other side member 259 of carriage I85, in any convenient manner, fonexample as by a set screw 25I. The purpose of bushing 249 is to permit assembly of bar 245 on the carriage I95. Side members 258 and 259 are joined by a sleeve or tubular piece 266 which slidably supports the carriage on bar 206.

A nut 252 threadedly engages bar 245 and has an extension 253 with a horizontal groove Nut 252 may be secured to move with the cable 230 by means of a screw 255 arranged to press a washer 256 against cable 230, the cable thus being clamped between the washer 256 and the bottom of groove 254. Thus, nut 252 is moved by. movement of cable 230, and due to the connection between nut 252 and carriage I by bar 245, the car- I riage will be moved by the cable.

Obviously, rotation of bar 245 will cause nut 252 to move relative to carriage I95, which alters the position of carriage I95 with respect to cable 230, and hence with respect to carriage 9. Thus, the position of reproducer I4 with respect to the recorder II is altered, varying the amount of lag between the reproducer and recorder with respect to the record groove.

To prevent any rotational movement of nut 252 when bar 245 is rotated, a guide bar 251 slidably supports the nut.

To provide for convenient rotation of the threaded bar 245, a knob 210 adjacent knob 225 is provided. Knob 210 is mounted on a shaft 2', rotatably supported in cover 209 similarly to shaft 226. Shaft 2' passes through bar 245 so as to be supported thereby, and is splined therein, so that the bar may slide along the shaft as the carriage I95 moves. Thus shaft 2'" may be square for most of its length, bar 245 being provided with a corresponding square hole 212 for receiving the shaft.

By appropriate setting of the lag of reproducer I4 it is possible to reproduce the immediately preceding recorded matter at any time by simply lifting the recorder I I, and by dropping reproducer I4 to active position. Then by appropriate electrical switching, the reproducer I4 may be placed into electrical operation. During recording the reproducing head I4 may be raised by appropriate manipulation of the knob 225.

It may be required to make it possible to set the reproducer I4 so that it complies with a desired portion of the record disc 2. Logging cards may be used for this purpose, upon which may be indicated the material that is recorded. Thus for example the reproducer carriage I95 may have a projection 260 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) extending through a slot 26I in the cover member I these graduations on the record coHe sponding to the card in use.

The card 263 may be utilized, during the process of recording, for notation of the recorded material, since the pointer 262 also corresponds to the position of the recorder II.

The card 263 may be held appropriately in place on cover member 209 (Figs. 1 and 28) as by the aid of a spring pressed button 266.

As previously mentioned, one end of shaft 2" is rotatably supported in a portion of cover 209, and this support also secures the shaft 2" against axial movement. Referring to Fig. 8, it

I will be seen that the end portion 212 of shaft 21! is of circular cross section. Knob 210 has a bushing 213 secured therein adapted to fit over this circular portion 212 and which extends through a suitable opening 214 in cover 209, thus rotatably supporting the knob 210 and shaft 21L A set screw 215 serves to secure the knob 210 and bushing 213 on shaft 2". Confined between the shoulder on shaft 2" formed where the circular portion 212 meets the square portion of the shaft and the outer face of bushing 213 is a washer 216. This washer 216 cooperates with hub 211 on knob 210 to prevent axial movement of shaft 2". Shaft 226 and knob 225 are arranged in a similar-manner.

What is claimed is:

1. In a phonograph, a recorder and a reproducer adapted for cooperation with a record, a pair of guided movable carriages respectively carrying the recorder and the reproducer, a flexible element, means connecting said carriages to said element for simultaneous movement, one of said connecting means including a pair of threadedly engaged members respectively carried by said element and the associated carriage, and means for rotating one of said members, whereby the position of said carriage with respect to the element may be altered.

2. In a phonograph, a recorder and areproducer adapted for cooperation with a record, a pair of movable carriages respectively carrying the recorder and the reproducer, guide means for each of said carriages, said guide for the recorder being arranged to guide the movement of the recorder carriage at an angle with the movement of the reproducer carriage, means to positively move one of said carriages, a flexible element joining the carriages whereby move ment of said one carriage is imparted to the other carriage, and means whereby the relative positions of said carriages with respect to said element may be altered, comprising a threaded member carried by one carriage and serving to connect said carriage with, said element.

3. In a phonograph including a sound head I adapted for cooperation with a record, a guided movable carriage for said head, a flexible element for moving said carriage having at least a portion extending in the direction of movement of the carriage, a pair of threadedly cooperating members respectively attached to said carriage and said element, the axis of said members extending generally in said direction of movement,

and means for causing relative rotation between the threaded members, whereby the carriage is moved along the element.

4. In a phonograph including a sound head adapted for cooperationwith a record, a guided movable carriage for said head, a flexible element for moving said carriage having at least a portion extending in the direction of movement of the carriage, said carriage including a pair of spaced side members, a threaded bar hav- -ing pintles at opposite ends for rotatably suption extending parallel with said guides, adjustable means connecting said carriage and said element for simultaneous movement, said means including-a rotatable member for altering the relative positions of said carriage and said element upon rotation, a shaft splined in said' rotatable member,and means forming a bearing in the frame for one end of said shaft.

6. In a phonograph, means forming a guide ord, said means including a bar, said carriage having spaced side members joined by a sleeve slidable along said bar,'a flexible element parallel with said bar passing through side members and closely spaced from said sleeve, a threaded bar extending between the side members and rotatably supported thereby, a nut threadedly engaging said bar, means securing said nut to the flexible element, and a guide for the nut.

7. In a phonograph, a sound head, a. guided movable carriage, a shank on the sound head, and means supporting the shank on said carriage, said means permitting universal movement between the shank and the carriage.-

8. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record, a guided movable carriage, a shank on the sound head, a block rotatably supporting said shank, means on said carriage supporting said head for movement in a plane normal to the record, said'shank and said block having cooperating detent means for positioning the sound head for use with the record.

I 9. In a, phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record, a guided movable carriage, a member supported on the carriage for movement about an axis, a block supported by said member for movement about an axis perpendicular to the first mentioned axis, means supporting the sound head in said block, and a counterweight for said sound head.

10. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record, a guided movable carriage, a member supported on the carriage for movement about an axis, 'a block supported by said member for movement about an axis perpendicular to the first mentioned axis, means supporting the sound head in said block, including a shank, a U-shaped strap pivotallysupported at its upper end on said carriage and embracing the shank, centering means for the shank carried by said strap, and means on said carriage to swing the strap about its pivot to engage the shank and lift the sound head.

11. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record, a guided movable carriage, a block supported on the carriagefor 7 6 aaasjeo universal movement with respect thereto, means rotatably supporting the sound head in said block, and detent means limiting the rotation of the sound head to approximately 180.

12. In a phonograph, a sound head adapted for cooperation with a record; a guided movable carriage, a block supported on the carriage, means forming a shank on the sound head, said block supporting the shank for axial as well as rotational movement, means forming a projection on said shank, means resiliently urging said projection against the face of the block, there being angularly spaced depressions formed in the face of the block for engaging said projection and restricting rotation of the shank.

GEORGE P. BRUBAKER.

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