US2293136A - High frequency loop type antenna - Google Patents

High frequency loop type antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
US2293136A
US2293136A US402099A US40209941A US2293136A US 2293136 A US2293136 A US 2293136A US 402099 A US402099 A US 402099A US 40209941 A US40209941 A US 40209941A US 2293136 A US2293136 A US 2293136A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
antenna
transmission line
members
loop
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US402099A
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English (en)
Inventor
Robert A Hampshire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Federal Telegraph Co
Original Assignee
Federal Telegraph Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE469343D priority Critical patent/BE469343A/xx
Application filed by Federal Telegraph Co filed Critical Federal Telegraph Co
Priority to US402099A priority patent/US2293136A/en
Priority to GB9209/42A priority patent/GB558473A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2293136A publication Critical patent/US2293136A/en
Priority to CH262129D priority patent/CH262129A/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path

Definitions

  • This invention relates to broadcasting antennae and more particularly to high frequency broad-- ⁇ - casting antennae of the loop type.
  • antennae ⁇ elements are each less than a half-wave length long and arranged in the form of a substantiallyclosed ⁇ periphery.
  • the separate elements are coupled end to end by capacitive coupling and alternate ones of said elements are positively energized by transmission lines coupled at spaced points on either side of the voltage nodal points, Metallic supporting struts are connected to the-voltage nodal points ofthe elements and to the supporting mast.
  • Such types of antennae are illustrated in the copending application toA Andrew Alford, Serial No.v358',214, led September 25, 1940".' Y l i This proposed antenna had many advantages such as freedom from insulators in exposed places, and relative simplicity of construction. It was also found to have certain shortcomings. It was also found to have certain shortcomings. It
  • the desired objects maybe accomplished by providing an antenna structure in which the antenna is made of radiant acting' elements each'being ⁇ short relative to the operating wave-length.
  • the lements are arranged in the form ofa substantially t closed periphery and capacitively coupled at their 55 1n the plane of the antenna is not produced, the
  • Each radiant acting element is divided at its center and provided with a parallel transmission line which may act as a support, short circuited at an adjusted position to secure the de- 1"fsired tuning of the loop as a whole, together with the coupling' capacities.
  • Energy may be supplied to the loop by a transmission line coupled at a point intermediate the short circuiting bar and the associated radiant acting element of one of 16 'Zthe units.
  • a tie line may be provided from this coupling point to alternate ones of the remaining elements so that losses in the elements may be compensated.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic showing of a preferred antenna arrangement in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a plan View of a practical working em- 2'fbodiment of an antenna constructed in accordance with my invention
  • Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a portion of the antenna shown in FigjB to illustrate the construc- Wtion
  • Fig'. ⁇ 5 is an actual experimental radiation pattern derived from an antenna constructed in accordance with my invention.
  • Fig. l is shown an antenna arrangement formed of four radiant acting members, I, 2, 3 and V4, that isfrnembers which may be used either for 40 tively coupled together at their ends by condensers Il, I2, I3,4 I 4,
  • a translating device I5 which may be either a transmitter or a receiver is connected by a transmission line I6 to spaced points I'I on radiant acting member 2.
  • a substantially half-wave length line I8 isprovided for interconnecting points Il and corresponding points I9 onradiant acting member Vil.
  • may be provided in transmission line I6 at av point adjacent the radiant acting member i'n order to provide the impedance match between the transmission line and the antenna.
  • the impedance match betweenAV the transmission line I6 and the antenna is very poor'for ordinary spaced conductor arrangements.
  • condensersy such as 20, 2I may be provided in thel transmission line, This has been found to reduce the mismatch so that the line canV be matched ⁇ completely to the antenna.
  • Fig. 1 The arrangement of Fig. 1 is'unsatisfactory in some respects due to the fact that thematching condensers must be mounted'at aA point'V adjacent the antenna and therefore, are generally relatively inaccessible. Accordingly, special precautions must be taken in order to Vassure freedom from leakage of these condensers at' the time they are installed, since atmospheric con.- ditions or sleet formations might otherwise impair their operation; Such constructions are, generally cumbersome and are not easilyV ⁇ a1'- ranged on the mast portion arrangement'.
  • the translating device I5 is then coupled by transmission line I6 to points Il arranged along the short circuiting section at a point dependent upon the desired impedance.
  • the coupling points II should generally be substantially at the junction point of the radiant acting parts and the transmission line section, since the short lcircuitedv section generally is not sufficient to produce an impedance match, and consequently all its impedance must be used.
  • Figs- 3v and 4 is shown an actual practical construction of a loop embodying the features shown diagrammatically in Fig. 2.
  • the antenna units be self-supporting and that they be arranged so that they may be fastened directly to a metal mast or support without the necessity of providing insulators;
  • members IA, IB, 2A, 2B, ⁇ 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, are made of metallic pipe, fastened directly to a split collar Vwhich clamps directly onto the mast.
  • each of 'the ⁇ radiant acting members is dividedY atA its midpoint Yto form two parts IA, IB, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B; the members being capacitively coupled by' condensers II', I2; I3, I4; Between each of the parts IA, IB, 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, are arranged transmission line sections 5A, BA', 1A, 8A, each terminated by short circuiting bars 3l, 32, 33 and 34. These short circuiting bars are adjusted to provide a suitable terminating i'mpedance for the transmission line feeding the loop.
  • the short circuiting bars areV made in the form of adjustable clamps BIA, 32A, j 33A, 34A, as
  • the dimension from side to side' of the loop' is' '72, the diameter of the members IA, IB, is approximatelyZl/z, theY plates IIA, I IB are about 14" inY diameter, the spacing between these plates is aboutV 8".
  • the loop can be ⁇ made quite different in size; As the loop is made larger, the radiation pattern departs from -circularity and tends tobecome square. As the loopY is made smaller, the radiation pattern remainscircular but the resonant characteristics' of the loop become similar to ⁇ thoseA of aV high quality tuned circuit. It is preferred, therefore, to' have the dimensionsfrom sideto sideof'the loopbetween and 110 electrical degrees.
  • Fig; 5 Ia curve of aV radiationpattern produced by experimental. measurements of the radiation. from a loop in accordance with" my invention. This loop was made withY theA same wave lengths proportions as those given for the particular" example outlined' above; but scaled down for operation ati megacycles.'
  • An antenna unit comprising four radiant acting members each being short with respect to a half Wavelength at the operating frequency, said members being arranged to forma substantially closed periphery, capacitive reactance means coupling together adjacent ends of said members, a translating device, a transmission line interconnecting said translating device and one of said radiant acting members, and a substantially half wavelength line interconnecting the junction points of said transmission line and said one radiant acting member and corresponding points on the oppositely positioned member.
  • An antenna unit according to claim 1 further comprising capacitive reactance means in series with said transmission line adjacent said one radiant acting member.
  • An antenna unit comprising a plurality of radiant acting members each being short with respect to a half wavelength at the operating frequency, said members being arranged in the form of a substantially closed periphery, capacitive reactance means coupling together adjacent ends of said members, each radiant acting member being formed of a pair of substantially equal length elements, a section of parallel transmission line extending from the adjacent ends of ea-ch of said pairs of elements, a short-circuiting bar arranged at a predetermined point along each of said transmission line sections, a translating device, and means for coupling said translating device to a point on one of said transmission line sections intermediate said elements and said short-circuiting bar.
  • An antenna unit comprising a four of radiant acting members each being short with respect to a half wavelength at the operating frequency, said members being arranged vin the form of a substantially closed periphery, capacitive reactance means coupling together adjacent ends of said members', each radiant acting member being formed of a pair of substantially equal length elements, section of parallel transmission line extending from the adjacent ends of each of said pairs of elements, a short'l circuiting bar arranged at a predetermined point along each of said transmission line sections, a translating device, and means for coupling said translating device to a point on one of said transmission line sections intermediate said elements and said short circuiting bar.
  • An antenna unit according to claim 7 further comprising capacitive reactance means in series with said transmission line adjacent said one radiant acting member.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
US402099A 1941-07-12 1941-07-12 High frequency loop type antenna Expired - Lifetime US2293136A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE469343D BE469343A (en)) 1941-07-12
US402099A US2293136A (en) 1941-07-12 1941-07-12 High frequency loop type antenna
GB9209/42A GB558473A (en) 1941-07-12 1942-07-03 High frequency loop type antennae
CH262129D CH262129A (de) 1941-07-12 1947-09-26 An einem Träger angebrachte, mit einer Übertragungsleitung gekoppelte Antenne.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US402099A US2293136A (en) 1941-07-12 1941-07-12 High frequency loop type antenna

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2293136A true US2293136A (en) 1942-08-18

Family

ID=23590519

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US402099A Expired - Lifetime US2293136A (en) 1941-07-12 1941-07-12 High frequency loop type antenna

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2293136A (en))
BE (1) BE469343A (en))
CH (1) CH262129A (en))
GB (1) GB558473A (en))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2467961A (en) * 1946-02-20 1949-04-19 Electronies Res Inc Antenna
US2467991A (en) * 1947-06-06 1949-04-19 Electronics Res Inc High-frequency antenna
US2490815A (en) * 1945-01-27 1949-12-13 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Loop antenna
US2493569A (en) * 1946-05-13 1950-01-03 Gen Electric Composite loop antenna system
US2618746A (en) * 1948-08-13 1952-11-18 Rca Corp Antenna system
US2932026A (en) * 1945-08-28 1960-04-05 Moffett Le Roy Antenna
US4169265A (en) * 1978-05-04 1979-09-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army P-Band loop antennas in radial array

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8919283D0 (en) * 1989-08-24 1989-10-04 Phase Track Limited Active loop antenna

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2490815A (en) * 1945-01-27 1949-12-13 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Loop antenna
US2932026A (en) * 1945-08-28 1960-04-05 Moffett Le Roy Antenna
US2467961A (en) * 1946-02-20 1949-04-19 Electronies Res Inc Antenna
US2493569A (en) * 1946-05-13 1950-01-03 Gen Electric Composite loop antenna system
US2467991A (en) * 1947-06-06 1949-04-19 Electronics Res Inc High-frequency antenna
US2618746A (en) * 1948-08-13 1952-11-18 Rca Corp Antenna system
US4169265A (en) * 1978-05-04 1979-09-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army P-Band loop antennas in radial array

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB558473A (en) 1944-01-06
BE469343A (en))
CH262129A (de) 1949-06-15

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