US2291215A - Combination cap and container - Google Patents

Description

July 28, 194-2. iu 2,291,215 COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 5, 1934 9 shems sheet 1 Z'mventor fwd M 55W July 28, 1942. ENKUR 2,291,215

COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 5, 1934 9 sheets sheet 2 v 3nnentor .4

July 28, 1942. E ENKUR 2,291,215

COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 5, 1934 9 s s 3 Zmbentor W W (momeu;

July 28, 1942. E. M. ENKYUR COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed'May 5, 1934 9 s t s t 4 llllllllll mm U :H

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lj Ella/(212% /V/. '[7'/ (/1111 11kt (Ittornegs July 28, 19.42. EM. ENKUR 2,291,215

COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 5, 1934 9 s t s t 5 Z'mventor E. M. ENKUR COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER July 28, 1942.

9 Sheets-Sheet 6' Original Filed May 5, 1934 Edward MEVW,

July 28, 1942. ENKUR 229L215 COMBINATION 'CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 5, 1934 9 sheets sheet 7 10 l l llllllllllllllllllllll u Enventor Zdu/ard Min 606/;

(Ittomegs July 28, 1942.. E. M. ENKUR 2,291,215

COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original Filed May 1954 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 3nnentor I J attorney July 2 8, 1942. E. M. ENKUR 2 L COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Original FiledMay 5, 1954 9 Sheets -Sheet 9 lnventor a 7, 42 4 Eda/m Patented July 28, 1942 STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBINATION CAP AND CONTAINER Edward M. Enkur, Baltimore, Md., assignor to Crown Cork & Seal Company, Inc., Baltimore, Md. a corporation of New York 13 Claims.

This invention relates to lug caps, that is, caps of the type having a plurality of spaced indentations in the skirt thereof and adapted to be rotated into engagement with threads or projections upon the neck of a container to produce the desired seal.

Conventional lug caps are satisfactory but possess structural defects in that difiiculty is frequently experienced due to cracking of the threads, for example of a glass container, and breaking or outward wedging of the cap lugs with resultant distortion of the cap. These defects develop under the high sealing pressures required for commercial packaging, for example in vacuum sealing, and destroy the value of the seal.

Lug cap sealing efiiciency depends (1) upon the rigidity of the cap body for the given thickness of metal used, and (2) upon the flexibility of the sealing bead and cap lugs.

The cap of the present invention is provided with an inwardly opening and outwardly projecting ridge contiguous with the free or open edge portion of the cap which is usually folded or rolled in the form of a bead and in which the container engaging lugs are formed. This ridge possesses a number of advantages in that: first, it reinforces the cap diametrically to maintain its roundness and in this respect cooperates with the bottom edge or bead of the cap; second, the ridge being immediately contiguous to the bottom edge or bead in which the lugs are formed, the lugs are flexibly and resiliently hinged upon the ridge; third, the ridge adds elasticity to the skirt so that down-pull strains tending to bulge and distort the cap and skirt or draw the lugs outwardly are effectively absorbed; fourth, the high downward sealing pressure or down-pull strain is uniformly distributed and inequalities in the top sealing surface are overcome without producing a bulging or strain upon the skirt or the container; and fifth, this ridge acts to absorb the strain upon the lugs and the strain upon the glass threads and to distribute the same so that at no point is the pressure abnormal or of such force as to crack the lugs or the glass, notwithstanding that high sealing pressures are used as in vacuum sealing.

When it is considered that packages are provided with lug caps, the contents of which are to be used from time to time, the advantages of a cap which may be continuously removed and replaced without destroying its sealing value and appearance or marring the glass threads of the container, will be readily appreciated.

A further structural feature of the present cap resides in the provision of a sealing bead in the top of the cap which assures an efficient seal at all times and whereby the cap may be employed with either a minimum or a maximum diameter thread finish without producing bulging of the top or the skirt and without distorting the cap should inequalities be present in the sealing lip of the container. This sealing bead, which renders the top flexible and elastic, cooperates with the circumferential ridge produced in the skirt body and also imparts strength and elasticity to the skirt, as above described, in absorbing the cracking and breaking strains experienced in connection with the cap lugs and the threads or projections of the glass finish. Briefly, (1) the circumferential ridge in the skirt body maintains the shape of the cap diametrically and distributes the down-pull strain uniformly so that it does not reach a breaking tension at any point as re- .gards either the cap lugs or the container finish The invention comprises further novel features which will be fully described in the accompanying specification.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top elevation of a hat-shaped blank having my improved sealing bead formed therein.

Figure 2 is a section on the line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a top elevation of a cap in a preliminary stage of its manufacture from a hatshaped blank.

Figure 4 is a section on the line 44 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of my improved cap.

Figure 6 is a bottom elevation of the cap shown in Figure 5.

Figure 7 is a side elevation of my improved cap shown in Figures 5 and 6.

Figure 8 is a bottom elevation partly broken away, of a modified form of cap.

Figure 9 is a sectional view partly broken away on the line 99 of Figure 8.

Figure 10 is a bottom elevation of a further modified form of cap.

Figure 11 is a side elevation of the cap shown in Figure 10.

Figure 12 is a detailed perspective View partly in section, of the lug shown in Figures 10 and 11, taken with the cap upside down.

Figure 13 is a side elevation of the cap shown in Figures 10 and 11, partly broken away, particularly showing the lug,

Figure 14 is a section on the line |4-l4 of Figure 13.

Figure 15 is a section on the line I'd-l5 of Figure 13. t

Figure 16 is an elevational view of a further modified form of lug, looking at the interior wall of the cap and with the lug engaging a helical glass thread.

Figure 1'7 is a similar view of a conventional type of lug.

Figure 18 is a view looking at the top of the lug of Figure 16, with the top of the cap removed.

Figure 19 is a sectional View of the dies employed for forming the lug of Figure 16.

Figure 20 is a sectional view partly in elevation showing the assembly of the lug forming dies, particularly for forming the lug of Figure 16.

Figure 21 is a top view of the stationary lug forming tool.

Figure 22 is a side elevation of the stationary lug forming tool.

Figure 23 is a section on the line 23-23 of Figure 19.

Figure 24 is a sectional view showing the second operation, first stage, in the forming of the cap.

Figure 25 is a sectional view showing the formation of the cap in the second stage of the second operation.

Figure 26 is a sectional View showing the cap in the third stage of the second operation.

Figure 27 is a sectional view showing the cap applied to the container.

Figure 28 is an elevation looking upward showing the container neck partly in section, with,

the cap applied thereon.

Figure 29 is a sectional view partially broken away showing a cap having a modified type of hollow bead applied to a container, the parts broken away.

Figure 30 is a sectional view partially broken away showing the cap of Figure 29 having a lug as shown in Figure 16, applied to a container.

Figure 31 is a side elevation partly broken away of a container having a novel type of glass finish and pry-off ledge for receiving any of the caps of the present invention.

Figure 31a. is a top plan view of the finish shown in Figure 31.

Figure 32 is a top elevation of a container having an improved type of glass finish.

Figure 33 is a side elevation of a container partly broken away showing the finish of Figure 32.

Figure 34 is a sectional view of a container partly broken away and taken on the line 3434 of Figure 33.

Figure 35 is a similar view taken on the line 3535 of Figure 33, and

Figure 36 is a sectional view of a container partly broken away showing the cap of the present invention modified to form a side seal.)

Referring to Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, I have illustrated a hat-shaped blank having a top ID, a skirt II and a rim 12. This blank is suitably stamped from sheets or discs of proper gauge metal and in the forming operation the sealing bead I3 is produced in the top of the cap. This sealing head is in the form of a concentric groove spaced inwardly from the skirt wall, as shown, having a short side I4 and a long side l5. It will be noted that the long side 15 is inclined at an obtuse angle to the top of Y the cap toward the skirt and extends to the skirt as in Figure 9, or merges with a marginal area of the top adjacent the skirt, as in Figure 1, forming a substantially continuous arch.

Referring to Figure 5, I have illustrated the complete cap having an offset portion I6 providing a liner seat I1, circumferential knurling [8 extending throughout a substantial height of the skirt, a circumferential inwardly opening and outwardly projecting ridge I9 immediately below the knurling and a rolled bottom edge 20 contiguous to said ridge and in which the lugs 2| are produced.

In the manufacture of the cap, the offset portion l6, knurling l8, ridge l9 and precurling of the rim 12, as shown in Figure 4, are preferably produced as a simultaneous operation. Thereafter the curling of the rim is completed, forming a closed hollow bead 20 in abutting or contacting relation with the ridge l9 and the lugs are pressed in the bead 20 extending radially inward of the skirt as shown in Figures 6, 8 and 9.

In Figures 6 and '7, the bead is collapsed upwardly against the ridge l9 and pressed inwardly, while in Figures 8 and 9 the head is collapsed and bent inwardly of the cap by a radial pressure only.

Referring to Figure 25, I have illustrated the head 20 as hollow and substantially circular in cross-section and closed with a portion of the free end of the curl contacting with the underside of the lower wall 22 of the ridge l9. In Figure 11, I have illustrated the bead 20 as being oblong or ovular in cross-section, with its free end in contact with the lower wall 22 of the ridge IS. The free edge 23 of the bead 20 may extend a greater or lesser distance within the curl as desired.

The lugs are pressed in the bead 20 by a method which will be later described, wherein the portions at spaced points are collapsed upwardly against the underside of the lower wall of the ridge [9 and then pressed radially to produce flattened, thickened, inwardly projecting lugs. Referring to Figures 26 and 27, it is to be observed that the upper face 24 of each lug is flat and parallel with the top of the cap and forms an extension of the lower wall 22 of the ridge so that the strain upon the lug is directly translated to the ridge. The upper face 24 of the lug is preferably inclined radially as shown, and when the cap is rotated, a surface to surface contact between the thread and top face of the lug is obtained.

Referring to Figures 16, 1'7, 18 and 30, I have illustrated a lug similar to that previously described but wherein the fiat upper face 24 of the lug is formed with an upstanding convex projection 25. The top surface of the lug on either side of the projection 25 is flat and parallel with the top and the lug is radially inclined as shown in Figure 30. The advantage of this construction is illustrated-upon reference to Figure 17 wherein one end of the lug at 29.

structure is progressive and. gradual. This is 'it will be noted that with the conventional lug, the engagement with the glass finish or thread 21 takes place at one end of the lug 28' and this I find, in some instances, tends to distort the lug and strain it as well as the glass whence the lug may be projected outwardly to destroy the seal or the glass may become cracked. Referring to Figure 16, however, it will be noted that with my improved cap having lugs provided with a centrally disposed projection 26, the engagement is between such projections and the glass so that the strain upon the lug is distributed throughout the area of the lug on either side of the projection and is not concentrated at one end of the lug, as is' the case with the structure shown in Figure 1'7.

Referring to Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15, I have shown 3, lug of a somewhat different type from that previously described, in that the lug is of different structure and is relatively elongated circumferentially, being slightly less in length than the circumferential distance between the lugs.

The lug illustrated in these figures has a combined vertically and horizontally flattened structure. That is, the lug has a progressively changing cross-sectional structure, whereby it is vertically flattened at one end and horizontally flattened at the other end. The interior upper or glass engaging face of the lug is flat, but slightly radially inclined uniformly throughout, and also inclined in accordance with the angle of helix of the finish to which the cap is applied. The inward radial extent or projection of the lug is equal at all points, i. e., uniform.

Referring to Figure 14, I have illustrated, in section, the vertically flattened portion adjacent This vertically flattened portion is produced in the lug by pressing the bead upwardly and radially inward to crush the bead into a substantially triangular shape, and, at the same time, the upper glass engaging face 24 of the lug is produced as a continuation of the ridge, and extends radially inwardly and downwardly at a relatively slight angle approximately ten degrees to the vertical axis of the cap.

This action of the lug forming tools causes the ridge at the extreme end 29 of the vertically flattened portion of the lug to slightly bend the adjacent lower wall of the ridge upwardly as at 29' and reduce the distance between the upper and lower walls of the ridge. Stated briefly, the lug begins at the vertically flattened portion 29 within the normal area defined by the ridge or, in other words, extends into the ridge slightly, as best shown in Figures 12 and 13 and as indicated at 29'.

The opposite end of the lug is horizontally flattened as shown at 30 in Figure 15. This horizontally flattened portion is produced by crushing the bead upwardly and then moving the horizontally collapsed portion inwardly. The upper glass engaging face 24 of the lug at the extreme end 30 is below the normal plane of the lower wall of the ridge to which it is joined by the slightly downwardly curved extension 30 of the lower wall of the ridge.

The horizontal inclination of the fiat radially inclined glass engaging face 24 to the vertical axis of the cap is defined by the high point 29' and the low point 30' at the ends of the lug as just described and is in accordance with the angle of helix of the container finish.

As shown in Figure 13, the change from a vertically crushed structure to a horizontally crushed accomplished by making the forming tools so that they produce the combined lug structure progressively and smoothly.

The fiat upper face 24 of the lug is widest at the end 29 and slightly narrower at the end 30. This decrease, as will be understood, is gradual, the extent of the jointure portion 30 being likewise gradually correspondingly progressively increased toward the end 30.

Exteriorly, the under-flat face 2-2 of the lower wall of the ridge is gradually decreased in width from the end 29 to the end 30 of the lug.

By forming the cap with an elongated lug of the character described, the structural strength of the cap is considerably increased. In other words, the cap is prevented from distortion due to the turning application strains and retains its shape, particularly, in the presence of a force such as is obtained in applying caps in the sealing operation. The lug, moreover, is strengthened throughout its arcuate extent and will resist forces or strains tending to distort the true are on which the lug is formed.

The present elongated lug will resist forces tending to shift the lug from under the finish and distort the cap because the lug arc' is of substantial length, and the normally weakened areas at the ends of the lug are widely separated. Therefore, outward wedging strains acting on the lug and of very considerable force will be resisted and the lug by reason of the elongated arc will not be shifted by normal outward wedging forces encountered with glass containers.

Furthermore, by having a lug with an elongatedarc which has line surface contact with the finish, strain on the finish is distributed so that the force at any one point will not be sufiicient to result in breakage of the glass.

It should be understood that the circumferen-- tial ridge in the skirt permits the formation of an elongated lug having the strength and resistance imparting qualities above described. The ridge, moreover, cooperates with the lugs to assure that the lugs and the cap will be adjusted to conform to inequalities in the finish without distorting the cap. Likewise, the ridge resiliently supports the lugs at all times and simultaneously enhances the sealing qualities of the cap.

Because of the inclination of the lugs. which is similar to the pitch of the helical threads onthe neck of a container, I find it possible to have the entire length of the lug engage under the glass thread to produce a very effective seal, particularly for process sealing, i. e., a surface line contact.

Referring to Figure 36, the cap is formed to engage a container having a bevelled sealing lip 3| on the container neck and has an angular offset liner seat 32 in which is disposed a ring liner 33 of suitable resilient sealing material forming a side seal, It will be noted that a top sealing head 13 is not necessary with this construction and further that because of the ridge, the downpull is directly exerted upon the sealing liner 33.

In Figure 33, I have illustrated a type of thread which I prefer and which I find substantially eliminates the difllculties heretofore encountered with multiple lugs or spaced knobs or projections. That is to say, the thread construction shown in Figure 33 will resist the sealing pressures, for example in vacuum sealing, without cracking, a difiiculty encountered with conventional multiple thread finishes and also eliminates the necessity for stops as where spaced knobs or projections are employed and positioned in the same plane. In Figure 34, the helical threads 34 are of the multiple type and disposed in overlapping relation, the angle of helix of the opposed overlapping surfaces of the projections being the same as shown. The entrant portion 35 of each thread is progressively enlarged in the direction of the helix so that it is gradually increased in vertical cross section directly in accordance with the increase in strain of the lugs upon the glass as the cap is rotated thereover in its application to the container for producing a sealing relation.

In Figures 31 and 31a I have illustrated a neck or glass finish comprising a plurality of spaced knobs or cap engaging projections forming spaced cap engaging lugs or threads 36 of progressively increasing vertical cross section. The upper surfaces of the knobs are horizontal and the lower surfaces are disposed at the desired angle of helix, h

as shown.

The spaces between the ends of the projections 36 will freely receive the lugs 2| which will frictionally contact under the projections when the cap is rotated in the usual manner.

A secondary set of spaced knobs or ledges 36, extending radially outward a greater distance than the knobs 36, are located in spaced relation to the knobs 36 and at a lower level on the finish.

The knobs 36' are disposed horizontally and are preferably of a length to subtend the space between adjacent ends of the knobs 36, as shown, being located at the spaces defined by the meeting ends of the threads or cap engaging projections 36. The upper faces 31 of the knobs 36' are rounded and inclined downwardly and form tool resting surfaces substantially entirely confined between lines projecting downwardly from the opposed ends of adjacent cap engaging projections.

The function of these lower level knobs 36 is to serve as a pry-off ledge, and they are very useful in the cap removal operation, particularly when the closure is vacuum sealed. Under such circumstances, it is sometimes necessary, after the cap has been turned to position the cap lugs opposite the spaces between the knobs 36, to pry the cap off with a suitable tool, due to the vacuum or the adhesive nature of the contents. The proper location of the pry-off ledges horizontally below the knobs 36 and within the space defined by lines projected downwardly from the meeting ends of the knobs 36, precludes the breaking of the cap engaging projections by the tool which invariably takes place with the commercial circumferential pry-off ledge. This difiiculty is eliminated with my invention by locating the pryofi ledges 36' in the spaces between the cap engaging knobs 36 as shown.

The pry-off ledges 36 are located in relation to the finish so that a pair of ledges is bisected by the parting line 38' of the mold for making the container, as shown in Figures 31 and 31a and it is noted that substantially the entire portion of the neck beneath the cap engaging projections is devoid of tool pry-off engageable means so that one prizing the cap must apply the pry-off tool on the ledge beneath the space between opposed ends of adjacent projections.

The finish illustrated in Figure 31, while particularly useful in connection with caps of the type shown in Figures to 15, is equally satisfactory with any of the other of the caps illustrated and described in this application.

. In. the manufacture of my improved cap, the

hat-shaped blanks of Figure 2 are supplied to a machine of the general type shown in the patent to Kramer, No. 1,900,880, wherein a revolving turret carrying a plurality of rotating chucks supporting the blanks is employed. The chucks have forming tools and during their revolution and rotation are passed successively past segments supporting stationary tools or dies cooperating with the chuck tools for accomplishing the several operations incident to the complete forming of the cap from the hat-shaped blank.

The hat-shaped blanks in their movement of revolution and rotation are first provided, i. e., in th first segment of their path of revolution, with the liner receiving seat H5 or a seat 32 as shown in Figure 36, and simultaneously the knurling I8 is produced, the outwardly projecting inwardly opening circumferential ridge l9 and curved in cross-section is formed directly in the body of the skirt and the rim is partially curled. This first stage of the operation is illustrated in Figure 24, the stationary tool being indicated as a whole at 31 and the revolving and rotating chuck at 38. The cooperating tools of the fixed and movable members for formig the offset liner receiving seat are indicated at 39 and 40, the knurling dies at 4| and 42, the ridge forming dies at 43, and 44, and the curling dies at 45 and 46.

In the second stage of the forming operation, 1. e., in the second segment, the precurled rim as shown in Figures 4 and 24 is completely curled and closed, and positioned relative to the ridge, as illustrated in Figure 25. It is to be noted that the circumferential ridge l9 and the bead 20 are immediately contiguous and parallel and are substantially in alignment with each other, so that the lower portion of the skirt is substantially S- shape in cross-section. The same procedure is followed in producing the ovular or oblong bead, as shown in Figure 29.

The final operation in the third segment consists in producing the lugs and reference is had to Figures 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 and 26. I prefer to collapse the hollow bead upwardly against the ridge and bend the collapsed bead radially inwardly of the cap. This is accomplished by using the stationary lug forming tool indicated at 41 in Figure 20, having a stepped foot indicated in detail in Figures 19, 21, 22, 23 and 26. The lower step 48 is adapted to strike the rotating and revolving cap so as to crush or collapse the bead thereof upwardly against the underside of the lower wall of the ridge and the shoulder 49 serves to radially bend the lug inwardly as shown in Figure 26. The lug may be flattened to a greater or less degree as desired, and it will be observed that'the top face of the final lug is fiat and constitutes an extension of the lower wall of the ridge as illustrated in Figure 26.

'Referring to Figures 19 and 30, I have illustrated the manner of producing the lug shown in Figures 16 and 18, having a convex centrally disposed projection 26 in the flat upper face 24. To produce this convex projection, the chuck is formed with a multiplicity of pockets 50 in its underside of the desired contour as shown in Figures19, 20 and 23. The pressure exerted upon the metal bead by the stepped foot of the fixed tool 41 will cause the metal of the upper face of the lug to flow into such pockets 50 and produce the desired projection 26. This will be understood upon reference to Figures 19 and 23. The operation of forming a lug of this type is otherwise similar to the procedure heretofore described.

Referring. to. Figure 27, I have illustrated the cap of. the present. invention applied to the neck of a containeri. It will be noted that: the flat upper surface of the lug being a continuation of the lower wall of the ridge, and bothinclined radially in accordance With the, helical pitch of the threads, permits of a smooth surface, to surface contact with the inclined undersurface of the helical threads 34. Furthermore, it will be observed that the lug is hinged upon the extension of the lower Wall of the ridge and therefore is flexibly and resiliently mounted. As shown in Figure 2'7, the lower Wall of the'ridge overlies the space defined by the indentation of the lug so that the lug is, thereby strengthened in cooperation with the bead 20. Moreover, the ridge l9 and bead 20 are contiguous to each other and parallel, so that the ridge cooperates with the bead to augment'the diametric strengthening of the skirt, at the same time permitting the downpull strain to be absorbed-without forcing either the skirt or the lugs outwardly with respect to the container. This is important in that regardless of inequalities in the glass finish, the lugs will always have a secure engagement with the thread undersurface and the turning of the cap; to wedge the same upon the glass finish will not be accompanied by bulging of the cap, nor will the sealing pressure wedge the lugs outwardly and break them.

Further, upon reference to Figure 2'7 it will be noted that while a high downward sealing pressure is obtained and a secure wedging of the lugs with the thread is secured, nevertheless the cap willnot stick tothe container as sometimes happens with conventional structures. Regardless of how tight the wedging engagement may be between the lugs and the container thread, a slight tapping on the ridge l9 will be translated. to the lugs and cause the same to be released from their contact with the underside of the thread so that the cap may be readily turned and removed.

Referring to Figure 30, I have shown a cap having lugs of the type shown in Figures16 and 18 in engagement with the threads on the neck of the container 50. and it will be observed that the. contact between the lug and. the underside of the thread 34. is substantially a radial line contact due to the presence of thecentrally disposed substantially convex projection 26 on the lug.

Referring to Figure 28, it will be noted that the provision of a lug having the convex projection 26 does not require that the cap be turned as completely as where the upper surface of the lug is free and uninterrupted. This is important since it decreases both the strain upon the lug and the strain. upon the glass thread. Where the lugs are not provided with the centrally disposed upward projections 26, a somewhat greater turning movement is necessary, but, by reason of the ridge I9 upon which the lugs are hinged, such additional strain is absorbed and distributed so that no breaking or distorting strain is present at any point, as would be true with a lug structure, as illustrated in Figure 17. In the latter view I have-illustrated a conventional lug which engages with the glass at one corner only and hence all the strain on the lug is at this, point tending to both distort the lug and bulge the skirt outwardly;

The lug illustrated in Figures 10, 11 and 12 and which is relatively elongated, as stated, has aninclination from topto bottom, as well as a radial inclination and can be used with substantially any type of thread or projection. By

reason of. the inclination of the lugs, they will engage beneath the undersurfaces of the helical threads and permit a smooth line surface contact. The elongated lugs are made possible by the ridge [9, since the lug can be extended into the ridge, as indicated in Figure 11, at the flattened portion 29, without distorting the skirt and without producing a tearing or straining of the metal. In otherwords, the ridge permits the formation of an elongated lug inclined from top to bottom and which, when applied to a container having a finish of the type exemplified in Figure 31 or'Figure 33, will have its fiat top surface in contact with the undersurface of the threads and not at one end or the other of the lug, as in Figure 17;

Referring to Figures 27 and 30, it is to be observed that the underside of the sealing bead I3 is adapted to engage the usual cushion liner 52 and compress the same upon the sealing lip 53 of the container neck 5|. The sealing bead I3 by reason of the elongated arch-like long side 15 will bend gradually as shown in Figures29 and 30, hence the bottom of the sealing bead will firmly engage the liner without being lifted, nor will the central area of the cap be bulged. As stated, the elongated side l5 extends at an obtuse angle to the top of the cap and may meet the skirt wall or merge with a marginal portion of the top adjacent the skirt wall. This sealing bead cooperates with the ridge IS in gradually absorbing any strains occasioned by the downward sealing pressure to prevent distortion of the top or the skirt, and particularly to remove any possibility of the lugs being outwardly wedged relative to the threads of the glass finish.

The scaling bead 13, because of its cooperative action with the ridge i9 is highly desirable, but may, in some instance, be omitted.

Referring to Figure 36, I have illustrated a side seal construction in which the sealing bead I3 is not necessary, since the ridge l9 will effectively absorb any abnormal strains and at the same time the downward sealing pressure is directly translated to the gasket 33. This produces a very effective construction and an unusually tight seal.

In the method of manufacturing the cap, the hat-shaped blank of Figure 2 having the sealing bead I3 therein is submitted to a single operation for producing the final cap. That is, the precurling of the rim I 2, the forming of the ridge [9 in the body of the skirt and the curving of same in cross-section, the knurling operation and the offsetting of the skirt adjacent the top to form a liner seat, are all produced simultaneous- 1y during the revolving and rotation of the blank on the chuck in the first segment of its path of revolution. The closing of the curl into a hollow bead and its bending and positioning immediately contiguous to the ridge l9 and parallel and in alignment therewith, i. e., forming the lower portion of the body of the skirt substantially S- shaped in cross-section as shown in Figure 11, is accomplished during the second stage of the revolution and rotation of the blank. In the third stage, the lugs are pressed into the bead 29 at the proper points.

In this manufacturing operation, there is little or no strain upon. the metal of the skirt, due to the pressing in of the lugs for the reason that the bead being under the ridge at the end of the second stage and the lower wall of the ridge being curved and extended inwardly, the pressing operation is simply a bending of the metal in the same direction in continuation of the lower wall of the ridge. Heretofore, in pressing in the lugs, they were pressed directly from the bead and necessarily the metal of the adjacent skirt portion is strained and frequently shears directly above the bead at the points of lug formation, due to bending the skirt at an acute or right angle to its vertical plane. Since, however, the curved and inward projection of the lower wall of the ridge constitutes, in effect a preformed element, its formation at the time of pressing the lugs is obviated, and hence the metal of the skirt adjacent the lugs is neither strained nor subjected to such a shearing pressure.

The present application is a division of my copending application, Serial No. 724,152, filed May 5, 1934.

I claim:

1. The combination of a cap and container, said cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened in the bead portion at one end and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other, with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix of the projections of the container which the cap is adapted to engage, said container having a body and a neck portion, the neck portion being provided with cap lug engaging projections of progressively increasing vertical cross section, the lugs on said cap engaging beneath the projections on said container to hold the cap in position on the container.

2. The combination of a cap and container, said cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs,said lugs being each vertically flattened at one end and horizontally flattened at the other, with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix of the projections of the container which the cap is adapted to engage, the inward radial extent of the lug being equal at all points, said container having a body and a neck portion, the neck portion being provided with cap engaging projections of progressively increasing vertical cross section, the lugs on said cap engaging beneath the projections on said container to hold the cap in position on the container.

3. A cap having a top and a slnrt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened in the bead portion at one end and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix of theprojections of the container which the cap is adapted to engage.

4. A cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened at one end and horizontally flattened at the other with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix of the projections of the container which the cap is adapted to engage, the inward radial extent of the lug being equal at all points.

5. The combination of a cap and container, said cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a head, said head having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened at one end and horizontally flattened at the other, with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix of the projections of the container which the cap is adapted to engage, said container having a neck portion, a plurality of spaced cap engaging projections thereon progressively increasing in vertical cross section, and a plurality of spaced pry-off ledges on said neck disposed in a plane below said cap engaging projections, said ledges positioned in the spaces defined by lines projected downwardly from the opposed ends of the projections, the lugs on said cap engaging beneath the projections on said container to hold the cap in position on the container and said pry-oil ledges constituting a means for prying the cap from the container.

6. A container having a body and a neck portion, said neck portion provided with a plurality of helical projections in overlapping relation, the entrant portions only of each projection being progressively increased in vertical cross section in the direction of the helix and the angle of helix of the opposed overlapping surfaces of the projections being the same.

7. The combination of a cap and a container, said cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened at one end and horizontally flattened at the other, with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined and inclined in the direction of the angle of helix, said container having a body and a neck portion, the neck portion being provided with helical cap lug engaging projections in overlapping relation, the entrant portions only of each projection being progressively increased in vertical cross section in the direction of the helix and the angle of helix of the opposed overlapping surfaces of the projections being the same, the lugs on said cap engaging beneath the projections on said container to hold the cap in position on the container.

8. A cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a head, said head having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened in the head portion at one end to substantially triangular form and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other end with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined.

9. A cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened in the bead portion at one end and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat and widest at the vertically flattened end of the lug and being slightly radially inclined.

10. A cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced container engaging lugs, said lugs being vertically flattened in the bead portion at one end and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat and gradually decreasing in width from the vertically flattened end, said lugs being slightl radially inclined.

11. A cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a bead, said bead having formed therein spaced arcuate container engaging lugs of a length slightly less than the circumferential distance between the lugs, said lugs being each vertically flattened in the bead portion at one end and horizontally flattened in the bead portion at the other with the interior upper glass engaging face of the lug being flat but slightly radially inclined.

12. A container having a neck portion, a plurality of spaced cap engaging projections thereon, and a pry-off ledge on said neck below said projections, said ledge having a tool resting surface, said surface being substantially entirely confined between lines projected downwardly from the opposed ends of adjacent cap engaging projections, and substantially the entire portion of the neck beneath the cap engaging projections being devoid of tool pry-off engageable means whereby one prizing the cap must apply a pryoff tool on the ledge beneath the space between opposed ends of adjacent projections.

13. The combination of a cap and container, said cap having a top and a skirt, the free edge of the skirt terminating in a hollow bead which is substantially circular in cross section, said head having therein spaced container engaging lugs, and a container having a neck portion, a plurality of spaced projections thereon adapted to be engaged by said cap lugs beneath the projections to lock the cap on the container, a pry-off ledge on said neck below said projections, said ledge having a tool resting surface, said surface being substantially entirely confined between lines projected downwardly from the opposed ends of adjacent cap engaging projections, and substantially the entire portion of the neck beneath the cap engaging projections being devoid of tool pry-ofi engageable means whereby one prizing the cap must apply a pry-off tool on the ledge beneath the space between opposed ends of adjacent projections.

EDWARD M. ENKUR.

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