US2288420A - Carriage control means of machine tools - Google Patents

Carriage control means of machine tools Download PDF

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Publication number
US2288420A
US2288420A US312458A US31245840A US2288420A US 2288420 A US2288420 A US 2288420A US 312458 A US312458 A US 312458A US 31245840 A US31245840 A US 31245840A US 2288420 A US2288420 A US 2288420A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
carriage
slideway
rollers
vertical
guiding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US312458A
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English (en)
Inventor
Pegard Marcel
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Publication of US2288420A publication Critical patent/US2288420A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
    • B23Q1/26—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members
    • B23Q1/262—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports characterised by constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively movable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members with means to adjust the distance between the relatively slidable members
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T408/00—Cutting by use of rotating axially moving tool
    • Y10T408/91—Machine frame
    • Y10T408/93—Machine frame including pivotally mounted tool-carrier
    • Y10T408/935—Machine frame including pivotally mounted tool-carrier including laterally movable tool-carrier

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for guiding and looking carriages on their supports and especially, although not exclusively, carriages of machine tools carrying drilling heads, said carriages being, in this case, subjected to the reactions of the tool during the periods of work.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device of this kind which is better adapted to meet the requirements of practice than those used for the same purpose up to the present time.
  • the essential feature of the invention relates to the reduction of the frictional stresses between the carriage and its slideway. It consists in mounting the carriage on ball or roller bearings so as to transform most or the whole of the frictional stresses which are produced by the displacement of the carriage on its track into small rolling resistances, these rolling means and their roller tracks being arranged in such manner that the positions of the tool carrying spindle respectively before and after the locking of the carriage along its slideway correspond exactly.
  • the rolling means are so arranged with respect to the guiding surfaces that they are protected against the important reactions produced on said guiding surfaces by the tool when the latter is in operation.
  • a roller track of very hard steel is fixed along one slideway and cooperates with the rolling means above mentioned.
  • This band of steel eliminates both the wear and tear distributed over a certain zone of the total stroke of the carriage and which may result from more frequent displacements of the carriage along this zone, and the wear and tear localized to certain. points which might result from a deformation of the band protected slideway by the reaction of the tool if said points of the slideway were not protected. by said band.
  • the adjustment of the force serving to apply the rollers on their roller tracks is made particularly easy, which permits of maintaining the whole of the device in good working conditions.
  • Fig. 1 is an end elevational View showing in a diagrammatic manner the supporting arm and the carriage of a radial drilling machine made according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side sectional view on an enlarged scale showing the relative arrangement of the rollers and the upper slideway of the arm of the drilling machine, this section being made on the line IIII of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional View of the same device on the line IIIIII of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the application of the theoretical principles of the invention to a radial drilling machine.
  • the arm I movable about the axis of a supporting column which is not visible, supports a carriage 2 fitted with a Working head 3 on which is mounted a drill 4.
  • Carriage 2 moves along the arm, which is seen in end view, in a plane perpendicular to that of the drawing. It is guided by slideways or guiding faces 5 and 6.
  • the center of gravity G of carriage 2 is located ahead (on the left hand side on the drawing) of the vertical plane of guiding faces 5 and 6.
  • Carriage 2 is fitted with a first set of rollers l2, of horizontal axis X-X, bearing on the upper face M of the slideway of arm I. These rollers 12 are located in a vertical plane passing through the middle of the lower surface 8 of slideway 6, and they are therefore directly opposed to said surface.
  • a second set of rollers l3, of vertical axis ZZ, is mounted in carriage 2, in such manner as to be applied on the rear face of the upper slideway of the arm, that is to say in a position directly opposed to the front vertical surface 5.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show an example of arrangement of the two sets of rollers l2 and I3 on carriage 2 and with respect to the arm I of a radial drilling machine.
  • the carriage rests vertically on arm I through the intermediary of two double ball bearings In and I21) the supporting spindles of which are located symmetrically with respect to the axis C0 of the carriage, with a view to distributing the stresses in a suitable manner with respect to one another.
  • the horizontal spindles 22 which support rollers l2a and I211 include journals 2% and 26, housed in bearings l6 and I8, respectively, fixed to carriage 2, and a ball race 28 the axis of which does not exactly coincide with that of journals 24 and 26. It is thus possible to vary the height of rollers 12a and [2b in the carriage by turning through a certain angle the spindles 22 with respect to bearings l 6 and [8.
  • These spindles carry a threaded extension 30, with an end 32 of square section on which a key of corresponding shape can be fitted, whereby it is possible to turn the whole each spindle 22 so as to adjust the position of the rollers.
  • the second set of rollers l3a, i319, of vertical axis, is mounted close to the first set.
  • the ball bearing rollers 13a, I31) run, like those above described, on tracks carried by piece as. They are mounted on rolling bearing surfaces 23 which are each slightly eccentric with respect to the axis of the supporting spindle 2i housed in a corresponding bearing 25 of the carriage, which permits of adjusting the horizontal position of rollers I311, I311 by rotating their spindles 23 in their respective bearings.
  • are each provided with a threaded extension 21 on which is screwed the locking nut 31, and with a portion 29 of square section, on which acts a key, which permits of controlling the adjustment of the position of rollers 13a and I3b with respect to the carriage.
  • rollers lZa, 42b and [3a, l3b, run respectively on the horizontal face 40 and the vertical face of a band 30 of very hard material, fixed on the top of the slideway 5 of arm I by means of bolts IS.
  • a longitudinal projection or tenon H serves to adjust the roller track band 45 on slideway 5.
  • This band, which is fixed on arm I, after a treatment such as case-hardening or the like, is rectified simultaneously with the slideway, which ensures a perfect parallellism between the faces 49' and thereof and the corresponding surfaces of slideway 5.
  • a support including top and bottom slideways disposed respectively toward the top and bottom of said support, both including guiding faces extending in substantially vertical planes, the top slideway further including a horizontal surface and a second vertical guiding face parallel and opposed to the first mentioned guiding face thereof, a carriage having guiding surfaces adapted to cooperate with the guiding faces of said support, the center of gravity of said carriage being located on the opposite side of said first-mentioned vertical guiding face to said second vertical guiding face of the top slideway, and rollers of vertical axis journalled on said carriage adapted to run along said last mentioned vertical guiding face of said top slideway, to balance one of the horizontal reactions of the torque produced by the weight of said carriage, the bottom slideway being adapted to oppose movement of the carriage about a horizontal axis.
  • a support including top and bottom slideways disposed respectively toward the top and bottom of said support, both including guiding faces extending in substantially vertical planes, the top slideway further including a top horizontal roller track and a vertical roller track parallel and opposed to the above mentioned vertical guiding face thereof, and the other slideway including an oblique guiding face on the side opposed to the vertical guiding face thereof, a carriage having guiding surfaces adapted to fit along the guiding faces of said support, the center of gravity of said carriage being located at one side of said top slideway opposite to said vertical roller track, rollers of horizontal axis journalled in said carriage adapted to run along said horizontal roller track, said rollers having their common middle plane in coincidence with the middle plane of the oblique guiding surface of the lower slideway, and rollers of vertical axis journalled on said carriage adapted to run on said vertical roller track, to balance one of the horizontal reactions of the torque produced by the weight of said carriage.
  • a support including top and bottom slideways, both including vertical guiding faces located in the same plane, the top slideway further including a horizontal surface and a vertical guiding face parallel and opposed to the first mentioned guiding face thereof, and the other slideway including an oblique guiding face on theside thereof opposed to the first mentioned guiding face, a carriage having guiding surfaces adapted to cooperate with the guiding faces of said support, said carriage having a transverse vertical plane of symmetry, the center of gravity of said carriage being located on the opposite side of said first-mentioned plane to said second vertical guiding face of the upper slideway, and rollers of vertical axis journalled on said carriage symmetrically with respect to said plane of symmetry and adapted to run along said last mentioned vertical guiding face of said top slideway, to balance one of the horizontal reactions of the torque produced by the weight of said carriage.
  • a support including top and bottom slideways both including vertical guiding faces located in the same plane, the top slideway further including a top horizontal roller track and a vertical roller track parallel and opposed to the above mentioned vertical guiding face thereof, and the other slideway including an oblique guiding face on the side opposed to the vertical guiding face thereof, a carriage having guiding surfaces adapted to fit along the guiding faces of said support, the center of gravity of said carriage being located on one side of said vertical plane opposed to said vertical roller track, rollers of horizontal axis journalled in said carriage adapted to run along said horizontal roller track, said rollers having their common middle plane in coincidence with the middle plane of the oblique guiding surface of the bottom slideway, and rollers of vertical axis journalled in said carriage adapted to run on said vertical roller track, to balance one of the horizontal reactions of the torque produced by the weight of said carriage, said rollers being adjustable with respect to said carriage by displacement of their axes parallel to themselves.
  • a machine of the type described which comprises, in combination, a support including top and bottom slideways including vertical guiding faces located in the same plane, the top slideway further including a top horizontal roller track and a Vertical roller track parallel and opposed to the above mentioned vertical guiding face thereof, and the other slideway including an oblique guiding face on the side opposed to the Vertical guiding face thereof, a carriage having guiding surfaces adapted to fit along the guiding faces of said support, the center of gravity of said carriage being located on one side of said vertical plane opposed to said vertical roller track, rollers of horizontal axis journalled on said carriage adapted to run along said horizontal roller track, said rollers having their common middle transverse plane in coincidence with the middle plane of the oblique guiding surface of the bottom slideway, rollers of vertical axis journalled on said carriage adapted to run on said vertical roller track, to balance one of the horizontal reactions of the torque produced by the weight of said carriage and jounals for said rollers pivoted to said carriage about axes parallel to but distinct from the respective axes of said
  • a machine including, for each of said rollers, a pivot, a spindle rigid with said pivot journalled in said frame about an axis parallel to, but distinct from, the axis of said pivot, a threaded part rigid with said spindle, a lock nut screwed on said threaded part, and an end of square section on said threaded part adapted to receive a key for turning said spindle.
  • a machine of the type described which comprises, in combination, a support including a slideway, a carriage mounted on said support and movable with respect thereto along said slideway, a tool mounted on said carriage, said support and said carriage being provided with respective cooperating guiding surfaces for keeping them in predetermined relative positions with respect to each other, rollers mounted on said carriage for transmitting thereto the reactions exerted by said support as a result of the action thereon of the weight of said carriage, a roller track consisting of a band of hard steel fixed to said support along the said slideway, adapted to cooperate with said rollers, said rollers being arranged to keep said cooperating guiding surfaces of the support and the carriage applied against one another, said guiding surfaces being so arranged, with respect to said rollers, as to protect the latter against the reactions of the tool when said tool is working.
  • a machine including a set of rollers of horizontal axis and a set of rollers of vertical axis, said steel band including a horizontal face and a vertical face adapted to cooperate with said rollers, respectively.
  • a combination according to claim 2 further including a hard steel band fixed to said carriage along said top slideway, the top horizontal roller track and vertical roller track of claim 2 being constituted by faces of said steel band.
  • a combination according to claim 2 further including a hard steel band fixed to said carriage along said top slideway, said carriage being provided with a longitudinal groove parallel to said slideway, and a longitudinal rib carried by the under face of said steel band adapted to fit in said groove, the top horizontal roller track and vertical roller track of claim 2 being constituted by faces of said steel band.
  • a combination according to claim 2 further including a hard steel band fixed to said carriage along said top slideway, said carriage being provided with a longitudinal groove parallel to said slideway, and a longitudinal rib carried by the under face of said steel band adapted to fit in said groove, the top horizontal roller track and vertical roller track of claim 2 being constituted by faces of said steel band rectified simultaneously with the guiding faces of said top slideway.
  • the combination comprising a horizontally-disposed elongated support member, a carriage member disposed at one side of said support member and adapted for horizontal movement therealong, two slideWays, comprising coacting portions of both said members, adapted for preventing rotation of said carriage member about a horizontal axis, one of said slideways comprising weight-carrying means for carrying th vertical downward thrust of the weight of the carriage member and separate means, including a roller, for carrying the force generated by the tendency of the weight of said carriage member to cause the latter to turn about an axis which is substantially coincident with the other one of said slideways.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Units (AREA)
US312458A 1939-08-29 1940-01-05 Carriage control means of machine tools Expired - Lifetime US2288420A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR862485T 1939-08-29

Publications (1)

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US2288420A true US2288420A (en) 1942-06-30

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US444066D Pending USB444066I5 (en, 2012) 1939-08-29
US312458A Expired - Lifetime US2288420A (en) 1939-08-29 1940-01-05 Carriage control means of machine tools

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US444066D Pending USB444066I5 (en, 2012) 1939-08-29

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US (2) US2288420A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE444066A (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR862485A (en, 2012)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801888A (en) * 1956-05-14 1957-08-06 Michael F Najmowski Antifriction device for tool carriage of metal working machine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2801888A (en) * 1956-05-14 1957-08-06 Michael F Najmowski Antifriction device for tool carriage of metal working machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR862485A (fr) 1941-03-07
USB444066I5 (en, 2012)
BE444066A (en, 2012)

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