US2288302A - Razor - Google Patents

Description

m June 30, 1942. .1. R. REYBURN Erm. 2,288,302

RAZOR Filed March 29, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l Nr PP. www www NRf. WHW. www. HM @W V..

ATTORNEY June 30, 1942.

J. R. REYBURN ETAL 2,288,302

RAZOR Filed MarCh 29, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY shape in plan view.

Patented June 30, 1942 RAZOR John R. Reyburn, Fairfield, and William H. Ebelhare, Nichols, Conn.,

assignors to Magazine Repeating Razor Company, New York, N. Y., a

corporation of New Jersey Application March 29, 1941, Serial No. 385,904

7 Claims.

The invention relates to razors of the so-called "detachable magazine injector type, the essential characteristics of which comprise a bladeretaining channel which is enlarged by the insertion oi. the ringer of a blade magazine injector` to permit of the injection into the channel of a blade, whereupon the blade aligning nger is withdrawn permitting the parts through spring action to come together and drive the blade edge against stops properly placed to effect uniform alignment of the blade edge with the guard.

One of the objects of the invention is a razor construction of this type, whereby substantially uniform regulated pressure of the blade edge with the stops can be secured.

Another object is a razor construction of the lil type described, whereby upon insertion ci the magazine linger to release the blade, the latter is dragged from the stops, thus permitting a blade in the razor head to be ejected therefrom with the edge free from contact with the stops.

Another object is a razor head and blade construction combining the two advantages that have just been stated.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a type of razor and detachable magazine therefor in which the invention may be incorporated;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a blade that may be used in the described embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional View of the razor showing the parts in one of their positions;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3 but showing the parts in another of their operative positions;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing a modied form of blade that may be used;

Fig. 6 is a perspective View of still another modified form of blade;

Fig. 7 shows a modified form of razor.

Referring to the drawings more in detail:

One form of blade suitable for use in the razor will rst be described.

As shown in Fig. 2, the blade is of the single cutting edge type, the cutting edge being indicated by the numeral I0, and is rectangular in It differs however from conventional blades of this type in that it is provided with protuberances in the form of nubs II and I2 projecting fromone surface. Preferably the nubs exhibit the contour of a convex spherical arc for reasons which will presently appear. Two of these nubs are suiiicient to insure their functioning as will be presently described, but there may be more if desired, and infact the nubs, whatever their number, may be replaced by a single protuberance in the form of a continuous ridge 12a of a cross-section conforming, as shown in Fig. 6, to the Vertical median section of the nubs. A single nub located about half-way between the ends of the blade and midway between the edge and heel of the blade may be used if desired though it does not function as well as do two or more nubs or a ridge. The nubs, and for that matter the ridges, may of course be struck up from the opposite side of the blade by conventional stamping operations carried out prior to heat-treating. As an inch dent to lthe stamping operation as usually performed, the reverse side of the blade is provided with spherical are indentations one of which im shown at i221, whereby a number of blades can be stacked in nesting relation as shown at i2c (Fig. l). This serves a useful purpose not only when the blades are packaged in a stach but also when the stack is used for loading a blade magaaine I 2d as shown in Fig. 1. The same applies to the modication employinga ridge in place ci nubs.

The razor head comprises the usual handle (not shown) from which extends a shank I3 on which the parts composing the shaving head are mounted. These parts comprise the blade-supporting platform I4 terminating in the guard I5, the blade-supporting platform consisting as shown of a right-angled extension oi the platform support I 6. At the ends of the guard are located stops I l', end portions of the cutting edge of the blade abut when the blade is properly positioned, and they thus serve uniformly to locate the cutting. edge of the blade with respect to the guard regardless of variations in the width of the blade or variations in the dimensions of the component parts of the razor.

Also included in the parts referred to is the back plate I8 of resilient sheet metal attached to the shank by the screw or rivet I9 and terminating in an approximately right-angled bend, thus forming the clamping plate 20. The underside of the edge portion of the clamping plate is formed to provide a recess-e. g., the longitudinal groove 2| of a curvature in cross-section which may be substantially that of the nubs, although preferably somewhat greater. The resiliency of the back plate is exerted in a direction to carry the blade clamping plate in the direction of the stops I1 and also the resiliency of the blade clamping plate is downward so that a blade l0catvIl against which the extremev siliency being, of

2 ed between it and the blade supporting plate will be clamped `firmly in position.

In Fig. 3 is shown the aligning nnger 22 of a blade magazine injector inserted in the aligning slot 22a between the blade platform support I8 and the back plate I8. This causes the back plate I8 to be forced rearwardly and consequently causes the grooved edge portion 2l of the blade clamping plate to be retracted. Also by reason of the fact that the back plate I8 virtually pivots on the screw or rivet I9 the pressure of the blade clamping plate on the nubs II and I2 is at the same time slightly relieved, the proportions of the parts and their degree of recourse, adjusted to that end.

While the blade magazine finger 22 is in the aligning slot 22a, as shown in Fig. 3, a blade may be inserted in the blade channel between the blade clamping plate and the blade supporting platform preferably, although not necessarily, by the usual operation of the injector. 'Ihe blade, as it is being injected, is guided by cooperation between its protuberance or protuberances, as the case may be, and the groove in the blade clamping plate, so that it travels true without contact of the cutting edge with the stops I1. When the blade magazine aligning'lnger 22 is withdrawn after a blade has been injected, the parts have the relationship shown in Fig. 4, wherein the extreme ends of the blade edge are in abutment with the stops I1, having been driven to that position by the resilient action of the back plate I8, which comes into operation on withdrawal of the finger. At the same time the clamping pressure on the blade is increased because of the pivotal mounting of the back plate I8. Consequently, the blade is held firmly in xed position and is secure against vibration in shaving.

The first advantage of the spherical arc contour of the nubs and the curvature of the channel in the end region of the blade clamping plate is that a substantially uniform adjusted pressure of the blade edge against the stops can thereby be effected and maintained. To amplify, the stops for razors of this character, and for that matter the razors themselves, are usually made of metal comparativelysoft in comparison with the material of the blades, and the pressure of the blade edge against the stops is with repeated use, if not carefully regulated-by accuracy of manufacture, very likely to cut off the stops or at least cut into them deeply enough to destroy the predetermined alignment of the blade edge with the guard-e. g., if the forward motion of the blade clamping plate that takes placev when the magazine finger is removed from the aligning slot is excessive and is exerting a positive pressure against the blade, the pressure of the blade edge on the stops will .be correspondinglygexcessive. However, with the nub or ridge and the groove shaped as has been described, any excessive motion or tendency to motion on the part of the blade clamping plate is taken up by the riding up of the blade clamping plate on the nutse. g., in the relationship shown in Fig. 4, the line- 23 indicates the point of tangency of the nubwith the surface of the groove. If the normal throw of the clamping plate were greater, this line of tangency would travel slightly further down toward the base of the nub after the blade edge abutted the stops without, however, resulting in any material increase in the pressure of the blade edge against the stops. The forward pressure on the nubs,

however, changes less and less as the cross-section curvature of the groove 2l is increased with respect to the curvature of the nubs.

On retraction of the blade clamping plate, brought about by inserting the blade magazine finger in the aligning slot, the blade is dragged back to the position-e. g., shown in Fig. 3. This, too, is a great advantage in preserving the stops from cutting. To explain, in magazine injector razors already known, the insertion of the magazine flngerin the aligning slot usually draws back the blade-clamping plate but without disturbing the blade in the blade channel.

The fact is that the blade remains in contact with the stops with a considerable degree of firmness owing to the fact that the blade clamping plate lfrequently merely slides over it, although bearing heavily enough upon it to preserve a large part of the pressure against the stops which has been created as a result of the operation of injecting it into the razor and releasing the blade-clamping plate by withdrawal of the magazinenger 22.

I n Fig. 5 is shown a modification wherein the blade nubs 24 are of the form of very low truncated cone tapering away from the surface of `the blade. Indentations corresponding to the nubs are found in the reverse side of the blade. Play between the clamping blade and the nub is preserved, however, by retaining the curved cross-section of the channel as inthe previous figures.

Now that the functional relationship between the groove and the clamping plate and the nubs or ridge has been explained, it will be clear that its object is to take care of the situation wherein the blade edge abuts the stops before the back plate I8 has come in contact with the extended part 23a and platform support I6. When that happens, the clamping plate can of course travel no further, but, if the blade edge abuts the stops when there is still clearance between the back plate I8 and'extended portionA 23a, the full force exerted by the back plate is exerted against the nubs and thru them against the stops, resulting in the cutting action before referred to. The intensity of pressure thus created is diiiicult to regulate in commercial production with even a fair degree of uniformity. In some cases it will be light to which there is no objection, but, on the contrary, in other cases it will be excessively heavy. An important factor in causing this trouble arises out of the necessary shortness of the back plate which is essentially a spring which, by reason of being short, changes ,its tension very rapidly through a small range of ilexure. Another contributing cause is diiiculty in locating the nubs uniformly with respect to the edge of the blade. With a given razor head a variation in the position of the nubs with respect to the blade edge will make a great difference in the pressure of the blade on the stops. Still another contributing factor is the difliculty of keeping the dimension between the stops and the edge of the supporting plate to a close tolwhether or not as perfectly as the rounded shape.

Another form that has not been mentioned is one of upwardly tapering full cone shape, the groove in the clamping plate being shaped to correspond, or at least shaped to function in the desired way. The same is true when the blade is provided with a continuous ridge instead of a plurality of nubs. The ridge may be rounded or V-shaped in cross-section and the groove in the clamping plate may also be either rounded or V-shaped, the V-shape in the clamping plate co-operating with a curved 4nub or ridge; or vice versa, a rounded groove in the clamping plate co-operating with rounded nubs or a V-shaped ridge on the blade.

The particular shape of the protuberance is not important in retracting theblade from the stops. For that purpose a sliding or riding up action is not necessary. In point of fact, insofar as withdrawing the blade from the stops is concerned, the engagement may be positive.

One factor that determines the extent to which uniformity of pressure of blade edges on the stops can be attained is the slope of the surface of the protuberance. While, as above stated, the engagement between the clamping plate and the protuberance may or may not be positive on retraction of the clamping plate from the stops, it is of course essential that, on the advance movement of the clamping plate, the engagement be non-positive. The more moderate the slope, the less positive is the resistance offered by the protuberance to the overthrow of the blade clamping plate. The slope should not however be s slight that the clamping plate rides over the protuberance so easily that it fails to drive the blade edge against the stops. In other words, it is preferable that the slope be made as little as possible provided the engagement of the blade clamping plate with the protuberance is firm enough to move the blade toward the stops until the blade edge abuts them. The same, of course, applies to the slope of the groove in the clamping plate.

If, for any reason, it be desired to dispense with the function whereby the blade is retracted from the stops upon insertion of the magazine finger in the aligning slot, the clamping plate may take the form shown in Fig. 7, wherein the curve of the groove stops at its deepest portion, as indicated at 25, and the clamping plate then extends substantially parallel with the plane of the blade, as shown at a. In this construction, the advance of the clamping plate toward the stops carries the blade with it and any excess motion of the clamping plate after the blade edge abuts the slope is taken care of as in the previous constructions. On the other hand, retraction of the clamping plate from the stops does not withdraw the blade from the stops. Obviously this form does not lend itself to accurate guidance of the blade during insertion as do the previous forms.

We have described above certain embodiments of our invention and a preferred process with certain modifications thereof, but we wish it to be understood that these are illustrative and not limitative of our invention and that We reserve the right to make various changes in form, construction and arrangement of parts, and also to make various changes in process of manufacture falling within the spirit and scope of our invention, as set forth in the claims.

We claim:

stops associated with 1. A razor comprising a blade platform, blade stops associated with the platform, a blade clamping plate mounted for motion toward and f rom the stops and pressing resiliently toward the blade platform, said clamping plate being provided with a recess on the side facing the blade platform, a blade provided with a protuberance projecting from one face thereof clamped between the clamping plate and the blade platform, the protuberance and the recess being in engagement with each other.

2. A razor comprising a blade platform, blade the platform, a blade clamping plate mounted for motion toward and from the stops and pressing resiliently toward the blade platform, said clamping plate being provided with a recess on the side facing the blade platform, a blade provided with a protuberance projecting from one face thereof clamped between the clamping plate and the blade platform, the protuberance and the recess being in non-positive engagement .with each other.

3. A razor, comprising a blade platform terminating in a guard, the guard being provided at each end with a stop, the stops being adapted to serve as abutments for the cutting edge of a blade, a resilient plate for clamping the blade against the blade platform, said plate being movable toward and away from the guard, a blade provided with a protuberance projecting from one of its surfaces, the clamping plate being provided with a longitudinal groove in its blade contacting face, the said groove and the protuberance being adapted to effect nonpositive coengagement between the clamping plate and the blade.

4. A razor comprising a blade platform terminating in a guard provided at each end with a stop, the stops being adapted to serve as abutments for the cutting edge of a blade, a blade clamping plate adapted to co-operate with the blade platform for clamping a blade between it and said platform, said plate being movable toward andf'away from said stops, a blade provided with a protuberance projecting from one of its surfaces and sloping back from the stops, the clamping plate being provided with a groove into which said protuberance may be received, and the slope being steep enough so that forward movement of the clamping plate when in engagement with the blade will drive the blade edge against the stops, but moderate enough so that the blade clamp will slide over the protuberance when the forward movement of the blade is arrested by abutment with the stops.

5. A razor comprising a blade platform terminating in a guard provided at each end with a stop, the stops being adapted to serve as abutments for the cutting edge ofa blade, a blade clamping plate adapted to co-operate with the blade platform for clamping a blade between it and the said platform, said plate being movable toward and away from the stops, a blade provided With a plurality of protuberances equi-distant from the edge thereof projecting from one of its surfaces and sloping back from the stops, the clamping plate being provided with a groove by which said protuberances may be engaged, and the slope being steep movement of the clamping plate when in engagement with the blade will drive the blade edge against the stops but moderate enough so that the blade clamp will slide over the protuberenough so that forward` toward and away from ances when the forward movement of the blade is arrested' by abutment with the stops.

6. A razor comprising a blade platform termi-l nating in a guard provided at each end with a v stop, the stops being adapted to serve as abutments for the cutting edge of the blade, a blade clamping plate adapted to co-operate with the blade platform for clamping a blade between it and the said platform, said plate being movable the stops and exerting a resilient pressure in the direction of the blade platform, a blade provided with a plurality of rounded nubs equi-distant from the edge thereof projectingA from one of its surfaces and sloping back from the stops, the clamping plate being provided with a grooveby which said nubs may be engaged, and the slope of the nubs being such that forward movement of the clamping plate when in engagement with the blade will drive the blade edge against the stops and when the blade is arrested by abutment with the stops will ride over the nubs to the limit of the forward motion of the blade clamping plate.

'7.'A razor comprising a blade .platform terminating in a guard provided with blade stops. a blade clamping plate mounted to co-operate with thevblade platform for between it and the platform. saidplate being movable toward and away from the stops and exerting a resilient pressure in the direction of the blade platform and also in the direction of the stops. a blade provided with a plurality of nubs equi-distant from one of the edges thereof projecting from its surface and sloping back from the stops, the clamping plate being provided with a groove by which said nubs may be engaged, and the slope of the nubs being such that forward movement of the clamping plate when in engagement with the blade will drive the blade edge against the stops and when the blade is arrested by abutment with the stops will ride over the nubs to the limit of the forward mo- 20 tion of the blade clamping plate.

JOHN R. REYBURN. WILLIAM H. EBELHARE.

clamping a blade

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