US2287151A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

June 23,. q J. A. v. TURCK' CALCULATING MACHINE Fil ed Sept. 21, 1940 5 sun ssheet l W Rumor? d 1/ Tara/6 June 1942- I J. A. v. TURCK CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 w d ww.

June 23,1942 J, A, v, TURCK CALCULATING mdnmn Filed s t. 21-, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 June 23, 1942.

J. A. v. TURCK 2,287,151

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 fade/Z6277? $52,072 917. 7200? IX- June 23, 1942. J, A. v. TURCK 2,287,151

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1940 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fatented June 23, 1942 oanoumrmo mom Joseph A. V. Tux-ck, Wilmette, lll.,' assignor to Felt a Tarrant Mtg. (70., Chicago, 11]., a. corporation of Illinois Application September 21,1940, Serial N0. 357,878

21 Claims.

This invention relates in general to calculating machines, and more particularly to the provision of means for facilitating the use of power-driven, key-responsive machines in subtractive operations.

In calculating machines of the type shown in my prior United States Letters Patent. No. 2,063,962, issued December 15, 1936, and in other machines having actuating mechanism adapted to drive the registering or accumulating mechanism in only one direction, subtraction is performed by a process of complemental addition. For example, if it is desired to subtract 12'1" from the number 8241' the latter is registered in the numeral wheels of the accumulator, and the nines complement of the subtrahend less one, or the tens complement of the units order and the nines complement of all other orders of the subtrahend, namely, 873," is added to the minuend. This would normally leave a result of "1697 in the accumulator. In certain of the prior art machines, such as those disclosed in the patents to D. E. Felt No. 767,107 and No. 960,528, issued on August 9, 1904, and June '7, 1910, respectively, a subtraction or carry cut-out lever is provided in association with each denominational order or accumulator mechanism, except the units order, which is selectively operable to prevent a transfer or a carry of the tens thereto. In this manner, the tens added to the left of the highest order of the minuend in subtractive operations performed by complemental addition are eliminated. These subtraction levers are manually operable, and must be held in operative position in order to prevent a transfer to the associated order of accumulator mechanism. In performing the above problem on such a machine, by actuating the subtraction lever in that order to the left of the first figure of the subtrahend and manually retaining the same in operative position, the carrying of the tens to such order of the accumulator is prevented, and the correct result, 697, will appear on the numeral wheels of the accumulator.

In the instant invention, however, the operator is relieved of the responsibility and efiort of selecting and holding the proper subtraction lever in operative position while performing the subtractive operation. This is accomplished by means of a subtraction control key operative to condition the machine to automatically add 9s" in all columns to the left of that in which an adding or digital key is first depressed after the 1 depression of said control key. The subtraction levers of the prior patents referred to are eliini nated, and the resulting carry is allowed to take place. In the problem above referred to, this carry will leave the figure l in the column to the left of that in which the first figure of the complement of the subtrahend has been added, and to eliminate it, and bring the numeral wheel to zero, 9 is automatically added. This results in a carry to the numeral wheel in the next column to the left, so it will be readily seen that it is necessary to add 9's in all columns to the left of that in which the first figure of the subtrahend occurs, in order to bring all of the higher denominational wheels to zero position.

A principal object of the instant invention, therefore, is the elimination of the individual columnar subtraction or carry cut-out levers heretofore used in calculating machines, and the provision of a subtraction control key, depression of which conditions the machine for automatic subtraction.

Another important object of the invention is the provision of means which relieve the operator of the necessity and responsibility of selecting and holding the proper subtraction or carry cut-out lever in operative position while performing a subtractive operation.

A further important object of the invention is the provision of means for conditioning a calculating machine for automatic subtraction, whereby subsequent operation of the digital key representing the first or left hand figure of the subtrahend will cause 9s to be automatically added in all denominational orders of the accumulator to the left of that of the operated key.

Another important object of the invention is the provision in such a machine of means for maintaining the subtraction control key in operative position, and for automatically releasing it in response to the depression of any digital key of the denominational order of keys.

Another important object of. the invention is the provision of means for automatically resetting the machine for additive actuation, after a subtractive operation has been accomplished.

Numerous other subjects and advantages of the invention will be apparent as it is better unthereof In the drawings,

Figure 1 is a top plan view, broken away centrally from front to'back, of acalculating machine embodying my invention showing the add and subtract keys locat'ed to the left of the several denominational orders of digital keys;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal, vertical section taken through the calculating machine shown in Fig. 1, to the left of the add and "subtract keys, showing certain details of the mechanism. for conditioning the machine for subtraction;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal, vertical section taken through the calculating machine shown in Fig.1 on a plane adjacent acolumn'of digital keys;

Figure 4 is an enlarged, transverse section taken at the rear of the machine with certain parts omitted to show the details of the subtrac tion control mechanism;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of the automatic subtraction control setting mechanism in subtractive ,position, as distinguished from the additive position illustrated in Fig. 2; and

Figures 6, 7,. 8 and 9 are enlarged, detail views of the subtraction control mechanism in various stages of operation. I

Figure 10 is a fragmentary elevational view of the overflow column carry cut-out lever at the instant of performing the carry transfer pawl in inoperative position.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in thedrawings a key-responsive, power-driven calculating machine similar to that shown and described in Patent No. 2,063,962,

hcreinbefore referred to. Referring more particularly to the drawings, the calculating machine is shown as having an outer casing 2| within which the various instrumentalities of the machine are mounted on skeleton frame members I or partition plates 22 disposed between the actuating mechanisms of the several denominational orders and secured together in spaced relationship at suitable points by tie-rods 23. A plu-' rality of columns of digital keys 24 are arranged to extend through a keyboard 25, positioned as I part of the upper wall of the casing 2|, which keys are adapted for manipulation to determine the digital degree of actuation to be imparted to the different denominational orders of accumulator' mechanism. Each column of keys 24 controls the rotation of an accumulator actuating pinion 26 (Fig. 3) journaled upon a transverse shaft 21 that extends across the machine and is supported by the frame members 22. Rotation of each of the actuating pinions 26 is transmitted through an internal ratchet-mechanism to a combined lantern wheel and accumulator gear 28 (Figs. 2 and 3) which is also journaled on the shaft 21. The gear of thelantern wheel 28 meshes with a carrying gear (not shown) journaled on a shaft 29 (Fig. 2), which is disposed in parallel relationship to the shaft 21. The carrying gear also meshes with an intermediate gear 3| journaled on a transverse shaft 32, which in turn meshes with a. numeral wheel pinion 33 journaled on a transverse shaft 34 and fixed to a numeral wheel 35. I

Carrying mechanism is provided in each denominational order of the accumulator mechanism for the purpose of imparting a digital unit of actuation thereto each time that a tens transfer is to take place from the next lower denominational order of the accumulator. This mechanism, as well as that hereinbefore described, is more fully disclosed in United States Letters Patent No. 1,357,747 and No. 1,357,748, issued on November 2, 1920, and includes a carrying-cam member 36 (Fig. 2), which is given a 180 rotation by a suitable carrying motor spring 31 assothe function of latching ciated with a carrying gear of the next lower denominational order for each tens transfer that is to be effected. The carrying-cam member It acts upon a dolly roll carrying-lever 8! to swing the latter in a clockwise direction, viewing Fig. 2. Such swinging of the carrying-lever .20 causes a carrying pawl 4| pivotally. mounted on said lever to throw the lantem wheel and accumulator gear a suiilcient distance to impart, through the train of gears,

a digital unit of actuation to the numeral wheel K The adding is accomplished upon depression ,of the keys 24 and corresponding actuation of rack sectors 42 (Fig. 3)which are in mesh with the pinions 25, a said sector being associated with each denominational section of the accumulator unit in association with its controlling column of keys. The rack sectors and the'controi and actuating mechanism for them are duplicated for each denominational order of the calculating machine, and a general description of a single set of such mechanism will be sufilcient for an understanding of them all, except that they haveto be arranged and adapted to cooperate selectively and collectively with the power members.

The rack sectors 42 are mounted upon a shaft 48 which extends through the partition plates 22 of the machine, and are adapted to be moved downwardly (viewing Fig. 3) on an idle or setting stroke in amount determined by the value of the particular digital key 24 of the associated column depressed, this amount increasing in graduating steps from one to nine. The'keys 24 in addition act through a power trip mechanism to effect a connection whereby power supplied by. an electric motor, indicated generally at 44 (Fig. 3), through a power shaft 45, which is connected to the motor in any suitable manner, is effective to extend a spring 48 associated with the par-.

ticular order of mechanism with, which the key depressed is identified. Release of this spring thereafter accomplishes adding movement in amount determined by the particular digital key of the order depressed. Upon depression of said hey, the rack segment 42 is moved through its idle or downward stroke by the power shaft 45 into position to impart proper and accurate digital accumulation to the adding mechanism upon its return movement, which' is accomplished by the associated spring 45. I

In the calculating machine shown in the drawings, depression of a key 24 causes its stem 41 (Fig. 3) to engage. a parallel motion bar 48 which is pivoted at the front at 49 and at the therefore thought to, be unnecessary. Each of the rack sectors 42, as stated above, is pivoted upon a cross shaft 43, and is respectively connected to a hook 58 by a link 59 (the hook and link '59 being pivotally connected to a vertical guide member) ,and to a movement controlling bar Si by a link 52 (Fig. 3), the former said connection being through a compensating device 63. 'The operation of the parts is such I 3| secured to a bell crank answer that upon depression of a key a, the stem :1 engages and depresses the, bar 48, imparting motion to the parallel motion device, and through suitable control mechanism which it is thought need not be described herein in detail, but which includes a dog 84 pivoted on the bar 48, moving the hook Bl down into engagement with a toothed wheel I which is fastened to the power shaft 45. The engagement ofthe hook it with the wheel 88 pullsthe link 58 toward the rear of the machine, or toward the left, viewing Fig. 3, which imparts'downward motion to rack sector '42 and link 02 through the compensating device 63. Forward motion is thus imparted to the digitalcontrol ba'r 6|, until one of several lugs projecting laterally therefrom is stopped by the stem 4% of the key 24 depressed.

The link 5! extends the spring 46, which is connected at its rear end to the guide member 60 and at its forward end to a partition plate 22, and moves the rack sector 42 downwardly on an idle stroke and into position to impart an adding movement upon release of the hook 58 and contraction of the spring. The downward movement of the rack sector 42 is under the con- I trol of the digital control bar SI, and the rack sector is halted when it has been moved downwardly the proper distance, enabling it upon return to impart the degree of digital advancement to the adding mechanism which corresponds to the particular key depressed. The compensating device 63 permits the continuation of the rearward movement of the link 59 after downward movement of the rack sector 42 has been stopped, and until the end of the power stroke and the automatic release of the hook 58. The release of the hook 58 is accomplished automaticallyin each instance, after a set increment of action has been imparted to the link 59, by the teeth of the wheel 65. Upon the return stroke (the operative stroke of the rack sector), the compensating device 63 permits movement of the parts in reverse direction to the beginning of the adding movement and thereafter the adding actuation is accomplished.

It is apparent, therefore, that upon depression of a key 24, the digital control bar 6! determines the degree and extent of the downward movement of the rack sector 42, and the bar 43 efiects connection of the latter to the power mechanism. been operated is held depressed until release of the hook 58 from the wheel 65, when the key will be released andu'eturned to normal raised position. It will be understood that, while no two keys 24 of the same column or denominational order may be operated simultaneously, any key of one order may be operated at the same time as any desired l-xv of any other denominational order or orders.

Having in mind the general construction and arrangement of the machine elements above described, the novel subtraction control mechanism provided by the present invention will now be described. In general the invention contemplates the provision of mechanism for each denominational order of the machine conditioned for op- In this operation, the key 24 which has eration by the nonselective actuation of a sub- I traction control device such as a key and op-1 erated selectively after such conditioning as an incident to the registration of the first or left hand figure of the subtrahend for preventing any apparent change in the setting of the accumulators and associated numeral wheels in orders higher than said first figure.

More specifically, the invention contemplates the provision of mechanism for automatically adding 9s" across the machine in all columns to the left of that in which the first key is depressed in entering the subtrahend, for the purpose already mentioned. This is accomplished by utilizing the powerderived from the power action, in response to the depression of a digital key 24 in any denominational order to actuate through a suitable power transmitting connection, the power trip mechanism in the next higher denominational order. The means for establishing the connection is conditioned for operation by the subtraction-control device and operated in response to the depression of the digital key 24. In the exemplary embodiment a power transmitting connection is established between the actuating mechanism of one order and the parallel bar device of the next higher order to cause the hook 58 in the latter order tobe engaged with its associated toothed wheel 85, thus imparting downward motion to the rack sector 42 controlled thereby and subsequent accumulative actuation upon its upstroke. Asno key has been depressed in said next higher denominational order duringsuch action, the digital control bar 6| therein will receive a full throw, with a consequent maximum downward movement of the associated rack sector 42 sufficient to add "9" into such order of the accumulator upon its upstroke. This action of adding "9's" is, of course, repeated in all columns to the left of that in which a key 24 is first depressed.

The subtraction control device in its preferred form comprises a set of keys including "add" and "subtract" control keys II and I2, respectively. (Figs. 1, 2 and 5) located to the left of the ordinal series of keys 24 for convenient access. The keys are provided with the usual stems 13 extending through the keyboard 25 and pivotally secured in any suitable manner to the opposite ends of a walking-beam lever 14, iournaled on a short transverse shaft 15. Pivotally secured to the lower end of the walking-beam lever 14 is one end of a connecting link 16, the opposite end of which is pivoted to a centering plate or disk 11 securely fixed to a transverse shaft 18 extending transversely across the several denominational orders of the machine. It will be apparent that depression of either of the keys H or 12 by means of the walking-beam lever I4, link 16 and plate 11 will rock the shaft 18. The shaft I8 is resiliently maintained in either position to which it is so rocked (Figs. 2 and 5) by means of an arm 19 which is journaled on a stub shaft 8| and is provided with a centering stud 82 adapted to engage either one of a pair of notches 82 provided in the edge of the centering disk 11. The arm "is resiliently maintained in engagement with one of the notches II by means of a spring 84, until it is moved out of engagement therewith by depression of key H or key 12.

Provided in association with each denominational column or order of digital keys 24 are a pair of upper and lower lugs and 86, respectively, which are rigidly secured in any suitable mannerto the shaft I8 (Figs. 4 and 6 to 9). The shaft 18 and lugs 85 and 86 are normally maintained in their positions of Figs. 6 and 8 by the stud 82 of arm 19 engaging the lowermost notch 83 in plate 11, such parts normally being in their positions of Fig. 2, with the add key H depressed. In such normal position, each lug 8S 'arm 89, opposite that .whilethe opposite end is retained by a lug movement of lever I01 under tension "of is in engagement with the forward end 'of a horizontal arm 81 pivotally mounted at 88 on one upstanding arm of a substantially U-shaped lever, which is indicated generally by reference numeral 88 and is .joumaled on a transverse .shaft 9|. The rear end of each arm 81 is connected to one end of a coil spring 82, end of which is connected to the transverse porthe other on the lower end.of a vertical lever 95 pivoted on a transverse shaft 98 and provided with a slightly offset, bifurcated upper end 91 adapted to embrace a stud 88 secured to the" associated link 55. As has been earlier described herein, upon depression of a key 24, link 55 is movedto the right, viewing Figs. 3 and 6, thereby causing vertical lever 95 to swing clockwise on its pivot 90, causing its lower, bent end 94 to contact shouller 93 on arm 81 and lock lever 89 in a counterclockwise direction to Fig. 7.

. ach lever 89 is provided with an upstanding I povotally secured to the arm 81, which has a lateral extension IOI in engagement with the lo'we'r' end of a depending latch I02, journaled on shaft 98. Upon rocking lever 89 from its position of Figs. 6 and 8" to its position on Figs. '7 and 9, a shoulder I08 on the latch I02 is urged out of engagement with a lateral shelf I04 formed on a double-hooked latch I05 which is pivotally mounted at I08 (Figs. 8 and 9) on the lower end of a vertical lever I01, also journaled on shaft 95. The latch I02 is normally maintained in its forward position of Fig. 8, where it engages with the shelf;I04 on lever I05, by a spring I08 (Figs. 4 and 9), but upon being urged rearwardly by arm 99, it allows the its operative position of rearward portion of the double-hooked latch I05 to rise to its position of Fig. 9 under tension of a spring I09, one end of which engages an upright portion I II of the double-hooked latch I0I5, I 2 (Fig. 3) formed on the adjacent intermediate frame member 22. Thus, a hook II9 formed on the rearward portion of latch I05 engages a pin Ill secured to an'arm of the associated vertical guide member 80 which is pivotally connected to the hook 58 and link 59, as has been previously described, and is pivotally mounted at its lower end on a transverse shaft II5. An arm IIG formed on the lever I01 normally rests against a stud II1 secured to the adjacent intermediate frame member 22. to limit counter-clockwise spring I09, viewing Figs. 8 and 9. As has been earlier described, upon depression of a digital key 24, hook member 58 is allowed to drop into the path of the teeth of the power drive wheel 55 and be moved thereby toward the rear of the machine, or to the left (viewing Fig. 3). Simultaneously, the guide member 50, which, together with hook member 58, is pivotally secured to the link 59, is swung to the left (viewing Figs.

'8 and 9) on itspivot II5, carrying with it the double-hooked latch I05, due to engagement of hook II3 with the pin Ill secured to the guide member. Such rearward movement of hook H8 pivot, the arm of the double-hooked latch I05 swings its associated lever I01 clockwise on its pivot 981mm its conditioned position of Fig. 9. Viewing Figs. 4, 8 and 9, it will be noted that vertical lever I01 is provided at its upper end with an cflset arm H8 in engagement with the stud 98 on the link 55 of the next higher denominational order. As the lever I01 is thus swung clockwise on its II8 urges the link 55 forwardly, or to the right viewing Figs. 3 and 9. Thus power from the actuating mechanism of one denominational order is transmitted through the connection provided by the hooked. latch I05 and lever I01 to the power trip mechanism of the next higher denominational order.

Movement of the link 55 imparts motion to the parallel motion device which controls depression of the hook 58 into the path of its associated toothed wheel 85, which results in an adding actuation. Movement of the parallel motion device not having resulted from depression of a key 24 in such higher order, it will be readily apparent that bar 8| which controls the digital setting of the rack sector ward movement, with a consequent maximum downward movement of the rack, sector sumcient to add 9" into the accumulator upon the upstroke of the sector under tension'of spring 48.

Such rearward movement of the doublehooked latch I05 is also utilized to reset shaft 18 to its normal position of Figs. 6 and 8, and condition the machine for additive actuation.

This is accomplished by means of a hook 9 (Figs. 4, Band 9) formed at the forward end of the latch I05 which is off-set laterally so that the intermediate portion thereof clears the lug which, however, is disposed in the path of the hook H9. The shaft 18 is thus rocked from the position of Fig. 9 in which it was set by depression of subtraction keyffll, to the position shown in Fig. 6. It will be apparent that upon rearward movement of the latch I05, the hook II9 will engage the lug 85and rock the shaft 18 in a counter-clockwise direction from its position of Fig. 9 to its position of Fig. 8. Such rocking of the shaft 18 pulls link 18 to thedeft and rocks the walking-beam lever I4 from the position of Fig. 5 to the normal position shown in Fig. 2, where it is maintained by engagement of the stud 82 of arm 19 in the upper notch 83 in plate 11.

The shaft 18 having'been rocked to the position shown in Fig. 2, the shoulder 93 of arm 81 is out'of the path of the lower portion of the vertical lever 95 in its position of Fig. 6. Other therein to allow the hooks N3 of latches I05 to enter the path of the pins Ill on the associated guide members 80. In addition to performing the function of imparting motion to the parallel motion device of the next higher denominational order through link 55 thereof, the lever I01, in all higher denominational orders or all columns to the left of that in which the key 24 representing the first figure of the subtrahend has been depressed, also serves to release the doublehooked latch I05 from its latch I02 and allow hook II9 to enter the path of the pin ill of the guide member 50, for the purpose already described. A in I2I mounted on the lower extremity of lever I01 (Fig. 8) is adapted to engage an upright finger I22 formed on the lever 89 tional order and swing the lever 89 counter- 42 will receive full forspa-1,151,

clockwise from its position of Fig. 6 against the tension of spring 92, as the lever I" of the lower gage stud H4 and be moved rearwardly thereby, when link 59 is pulled rearwardly by engagement of hook member 59 and toothed wheel 99. The

' action Just described is successively repeated in all higher denominational orders or columns to shelf I94 on lever I39, allowing hook II3 to enthe left of that in which the first figure of the subtrahend is introduced.

After the double-hooked latches I99 in such higher denominational orders have performed their functions as described, it is necessary that the hooks II3 be disengaged from the studs II4 when the hook members a are released from toothed wheels "after 9s" have-been added into the accumulator. As the lower end of each lever I91 is pulled rearwardly, shelf I94 of the associated lever I95 rides under the shoulder I93 on latch I02, so that during the return movement of lever I91 under contraction of spring I99, the hook H3 is moved downward out of the path of pin II4 against further engagement therewith until shaft 19 is again set for subtraction by depression of key 12. I As the lever I91 iii thus swung counter-clockwise in its return movement from its position of Fig. 9 to its position of Fig. 8, the pin I2i rides away from arm I22 of lever 99 and allows the lever 99 to return to its normal position under contraction of spring 92. Conse quently, all of the subtraction mechanism is returned to inoperative position and the machine is automatically reconditioned for additive actuation.

In machines of the type in which the present invention is embodied, there is usually provided an overflow" numeral wheel -I23 (Fig. 1) to which is transferred the carry of the tens resulting from depression of keys 24 in the last or highest denominational order. Actuating mechanism may or may not be provided in this order, but as it serves no real purpose, it may be omitted. It is apparent, therefore, that if the carry of the tens was allowed to take place in a subtractive operation in the manner hereinbefore described, and 9" could not be added into .this order, the numeral wheel I23 would not be returned to zero as in the other orders in which actuating mechanismis provided. Therefore, in the embodiment disclosed inthe drawings, it is desirable that the carry be foiled to this overflow numeral wheel I23 when subtraction is beingperformed. This is accomplished by means of a subtraction or carry cut-out lever I24 (Figs. 2 and 10) which is pivotally supported upon a transverse shaft I25. The lower end portion I26 of the carry cut-out lever I24 curves forwardly and terminates in a tail which engages under a lateral extension I21 on the forward end of the carrying pawl M. In the normal position of the parts shown in Fig. 2, this forwardly extending tail portion I28 of the lever I24 will not interfere withthe rearward and upward movement of the carrying pawl M in the usual swinging .of the carrying lever 39 to impart a carrying impulse to the lantern wheel and accumulator gear 29.

In order to prevent a carrying impulse from being given to the gear 29 of the overflow nuits normal or inoperative position of Fig. 2 to its operative position of Fig. 5. In the latter position,'the upper surface of the forwardly extending tailportion I26 of the lever I2 8 contacts the lateral extension I21 and lifts the forward end of the carrying-pawl H to swing the latter in a counter-clockwise direction into inoperative position, where it is adapted to be held until released by the rearward motion of the carrying transfer lever 39 in a foiled carrying operation.

In order to accomplish this result, the carry cut-out lever I24 functions to cause the carrying pawl 4| to be latched in inoperative or carry foiling position during the rearward swing of the carrying lever and to be unlatched after an attempted carry has been foiled. To this end a link I29 is pivotally secured at one end to an upright arm I29 provided on the lever I91 in the highest denominational order and at the other end to the carry cut-out lever at I3I (Figs. 2 and It will be apparent that clockwise motion of the lever I91 resulting from engagement meral wheel I23, however, it is only necessary of the hook II3 with thepin II4 of the guide member 99, as previously described, will, through the link I29, cause the carry cut-out lever I24 to engage the lateral extension I21 on the forward end of the carrying pawl M. This engagement rocks the rearward end of the carrying pawl downward, and engages a lateral extension I32 thereon under a shoulder I33 provided on a latch I34 pivotally mounted on the carry transfer lever 39, as shown in Fig. 10. The latch I34 is held in engagement with the lateral extension I32 of the carrying pawl H by means of a spring I35. Consequently, subsequent rearward movement of the upper end of the carrying pawl II will be below the pins of the lantern wheel 28, and the carry attempted by such movement of the carrying pawl will be foiled.

As has been mentioned, rearward swing of the carrying lever 39 in an attempted carrying operation is utilized to release the latch I34 and allow the carrying pawl H to return to its normal posilever 39 swings rearward in the carrying operation earlier described, the lower extension I31 of the latch I34 will'contact the stud I36 mounted on the carry cut-out lever I24 and, as the carrying lever continues its rearward movement, the lateral extension I32 will ride from under the shoulder I33 on the latch I34 to allow the rear ward end of the carrying pawl, to rise to its normal or active position of- Fig. 2. The carry cut-out lever I24 will, of course, have been returned to its normal inoperative position of Fig. 2 by counter-clockwise movement of lever I91 under contraction of spring I09.

It is thought that the invention and its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description, and it will be apparent that various changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the parts without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention or sacrificing all of its material advantages, the form hereinbefore described and illustrated in the drawings being merely a preferred anisms, and settable mechanism operable in response to the operation of any said digital control key for initiating the operation of said actuating mechanisms in all denominational orders higher than that 01' said key.

2. In a calculating machine having an" accumulator, denominational orders oi mechanism for actuating said accumulator, and keys for controlling said actuating mechanisms; means settable to condition the machine for subtraction, and means operable in response to the setting of said settable means and the subsequent operation of any said control key for initiating the operation of the actuating mechanisms in .all denominational orders higher than that of said operated key to register 9's in said accumulator.

3. In a calculating machine having anaccumu lator, denominational orders oi'mechanism ior actuating said accumulator, and keys' for controlling said actuating mechanisms; normally inoperative means conditionable for actuation'in response to the operation of any said control key for initiating the operation or said actuating mechanisms in all denominational orders higher than that of said operated key, and means for returning said first mentioned means toinopera- 'tive position.

4. In a calculating machine having'an accumulator, denominational orders of mechanism for actuating said accumulator, and -a pluralityof denominational orders ofkeys, each of said orders being associated with one of said orders of actua'ting mechanism to initiate and control operation thereof; additional means for initiating operation of each of said orders of actuating mechanisms and means operable in response to the depression or any said keyi'or initiating operation 01' said operation initiating means in all denominational orders higher than that of said depressed key.

5. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational orders of mechanism for actuating said accumulator, and columns of depressible keys for controlling operation of said actuatingmechanisms; means settable to condition the machine for subtraction, and means conditioned by said settable means and operable in response to the depression of any said key and by the actuating mechanism associated therewith to cause operation of the next higher denominational order of actuating mechanism.

6. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational orders of mechanism for actuating said accumulator, and depressible keys for controlling operation of said actuating mechanisms; means settable to condition the machine for subtraction, means'conditionable by said first means for operation by depression of any said key, and means conditioned by said conditionable means for operation by thejactuating mechanism associated with said depressed key to enact op.-

eration of thenext higher denominational order of actuatingmechanism; I

'i. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational orders of mechanism for actuating said accumulator, and depressible keys for controlling operation of said actuating mechanism; normally inoperative means settable to condition the machine for subtractive operation, and means conditioned by said settable means and-operable in response to the depression of any said key to successively and automatically effect operation of said actuating mechanisms in all denominational orders higher than that of said depressed key.

8. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational sorders oi mechanism foractuating said accumulator, and depressible keys for controlling operation of said actuating mechanism; normally inoperative means settable to condition the machine for subtractive operation, means conditioned by said settable means and operable in response to the depression of any said key to successively and automatically efl'ect operation of said actuating mechanisms in all denominational orders higher than that of said depressed key, and means operable upon operation of said conditioned means to recondition the machine ior additive actuation.

9. In a key-responsive calculating machine having denominational columns of depressible keys, an accumulator, denominational orders of mechanism for actuating said accumulator,

means for determining differential operation of said actuating mechanism in accordance with the digital value of the key depressed, manually settable control mechanism, and mechanism operable under control of said settable mechanism in response to the depression of a said key for initiating the operation of said actuating mechanism independently of said differential means .to add 9's in all denominational orders, oi. the

accumulator higher than that of, the key depressed.

' 10. In"a calculating machine, anaccumulator, denominational orders of actuators for said accumulator, means for driving said actuators, power means, means for connecting said power means and said driving means, keys for effectin said connection and for controlling the digital actuation of said actuators, manually settable control mechanism, and mechanism conditioned for operation by said settable mechanism and initially operated by depressing any said control key for automatically connecting said power means and said driving means in all denominational orders higher than that of said depressed key.

11. In a calculating machine, an accumulator, denominational orders of actuators for said accumulator, means for driving said actuators,

power means, means for connecting said power means and said driving means, keys for eflecting said connection and for controlling the digital actuation of said actuators, manually settable control means, and mechanism operated under control of said settable means in response to the operation of any said key to successively, and automatically connect said power means and said driving means in all. denominational orders higher than that of said operated key.

12. In a calculating machine, an accumulator, denominational orders of actuators for said accumulator, means for driving said actuators,

power means, means. for connecting said power means and said driving means, keys for. effecting operation of said connecting means and, for controlling the digital actuation of said actuators, settable control means, and mechanism operated by the connection between said driving means and-said power means in response to the setting of said control means followed by operation of any said key to effect connection in the next higher denorninational order between the power means and driving means. v

l3. Ina calculating machine having, an accumulator, denominational orders of actuators ior said accumulator, means for driving said actuators, power means, means for connecting said power means and said driving means, and keys for effecting operation of said connection and for controlling the digital actuation of said actuators; a subtraction control device, and means conditionable by said control device for effecting operation of said connecting means upon operation of any said key, to effect connection between said power means and said driving means in all denominational orders higher than that of said key. v

14. In a power driven, key-responsive calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational orders of actuating mechanism therefor, driving mechanism for the said actuating mechanism, power means, means for connecting said power means and said driving mechanism, and ordinal keys for controlling the connection between said driving mechanism and said power means; a subtraction control device, means conditioned by said'device to effect operation of said connecting means in response to the operation of any said key, so as to automatically and successively connect the said driving mechanism and said power means in all denominational orders higher than that of said key, and means for returning said subtraction control device and associated connecting means to normal ineffective position.

15. In a power-driven, key-responsive calculating machine having an accumulator, denominational orders of actuating mechanism therefor, driving mechanism for said actuating mechanism, power means, means for connecting said power means and said driving mechanism, and ordinal kays for controlling the connection between said driving mechanism and said power means; other means operative upon depression of any ordinal key to successively and automatically effect connection between said driving mechanism and said power means to add 9s in all denominational orders higher than that afraid-key, and selec-.

tively operable means for making said connecting means operative or inoperative.

16. In a power-driven, key-responsive calculating machine having an accumulating, denominational orders of actuating mechanism for said accumulator, means for driving said actuating mechanism, power means, means for connecting said driving means and said power means, and columns of depressible keys-for effecting said connection and for controlling the digital degree of actuation of said actuating mechanism; a device selectively settable to condition the machine for subtractive operation, means conditioned by said device and operable upon depression of any said key for effecting operation of said connecting means to cause said actuating mechanism to add 9s in all denominational orders of said accumulator higher than that of said depressed key, and means operable upon operation of said last mentioned means to condition the machine for additive operation.

'17. In a calculating machine having an accumulator including tens transfer mechanisms and an overflow numeral wheel, denominational orders of actuating mechanism for said accumulator, and keys for controlling the operation of .said actuating mechanisms; means operable in response to the operation of any said control key for initiating operation of said actuating mechanism to add 9's in all denominational orders of said accumulator higher than thatof said up erated key, and means operated by the operation initiating means in the-highest denominational order in adding 9, for preventing operation tuating mechanism; means settable to condition the machine for subtraction, means conditioned by said settable means and operable in response to the depression of any said control key for initiating operation of said actuating mechanism to add 9's in all orders of said accumulator higher than that of said'depressed key, and means operated by said operation initiating means in the highest denominational order for disabling the tens transfer mechanism associated with said overflow numeral wheel when said machine is set for subtraction.

19. In a power driven calculating machine the combination of a multiple order accumulator, an actuating mechanism for each denominational order including a key responsive power trip device adapted when operated to initiate an adding cycle,.a power actuated member movable in such cycle, a subtraction control device, a motion transmitting device for each denominational order including an element shiftable from a normally inactive position into driving relation with the power actuated member of one order and operatively associated with the trip device of the next higher order, means operating under the joint control of said subtraction control device and the trip device of one order to shift said ele- 'ment into its active position, and means operable as an incident to the shifting movement of said element in any one order to cause a corresponding shift of the element in the next higher order.

20. In a power driven calculating machine, the combination of a multiple order accumulator, an actuating mechanism for each denominational order, including a key-responsive power trip device adapted when operated to initiate an adding cycle, a power actuated member movable in such cycle, a subtraction control device, a normally ineflective connection between the power actuated member of one order and the trip device of the next higher order, and means operable under the joint control of said subtraction control device of one order to render to actuate the trip order.

and of the trip device said connection eii'ective device of the next higher 21. In a power driven calculating machine the to establish a. connection between the power are-- of one order and the trip device of the mext higher order.

tuated member JOSEPH A. v. 'rcncx,

each denominational

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