US2285662A - Tube cooling means - Google Patents

Tube cooling means Download PDF

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Publication number
US2285662A
US2285662A US357355A US35735540A US2285662A US 2285662 A US2285662 A US 2285662A US 357355 A US357355 A US 357355A US 35735540 A US35735540 A US 35735540A US 2285662 A US2285662 A US 2285662A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
core
anode
discharge device
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US357355A
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English (en)
Inventor
John A Hutcheson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority to US357355A priority Critical patent/US2285662A/en
Priority to CH226802D priority patent/CH226802A/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2285662A publication Critical patent/US2285662A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/54—Amplifiers using transit-time effect in tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/28—Non-electron-emitting electrodes; Screens
    • H01J19/32—Anodes
    • H01J19/36—Cooling of anodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0027—Mitigation of temperature effects

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electrical discharge tubes and circuits therefor, and in particular to tubes and circuits of this type which are designed to operate at extremely high frequencies.
  • One object of my invention is to provide an arrangement for efiiciently cooling the anode of an electrical discharge device.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a structure for supporting an electrical discharge device and for efficiently connecting it to an oscillation circuit of the concentric line type.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a structure which performs the combined functions of efficiently cooling the anode of an electrical discharge device while coupling it for efficient operation in conjunction with an oscillation circuit of the concentric line type.
  • Still'another object of my invention is to provide an electrical discharge device adapted to act as an oscillator, amplifier or'detector of radio currents of extremely high frequencies with a composite structure which'performs thefunctions of supporting the discharge tube efliciently cooling its anode and providing a tunable oscillation-circuit of the concentric line type which is so coupled to the discharge tube as to permit efficient operation in conjunction therewith.
  • One typical tube of the type just discussed has an anode comprising a copper shell forming a portionof the tube Wall, the control electrode and cathode being positioned in the interior of this shell and sealed thereto by a glass wall portion positioned at one end of the copper shell.
  • the anode shell constitutes a major portion of the side walls and also forms one end of the tube, and the cathode and grid leads project from this glass wall portion atthe other end of tbetube;
  • oscillation circuits comprising variable plate-condensers and inductances which are conventional inordinary radio circuits, create "difficulties and-that much more satisfactory operation for ultra-short wave work results if oscillation circuits of whatmay becalled the concentric transmission-line type are employed.
  • oscillation circuits may comprise a tubular conductor having a cylindrical conductor of smaller diameter positioned along its axis, the two conductors being connected with each other by a plate at one end.
  • the expedient has been resorted to of surrounding the radiating fins which cool the anode of thedischarge tube device by a dielecin the capacitorand a considerable power 1055 in the capacitor dielectric and elsewhere.
  • the capacitance inherent in these large dimensions constitutes a fixed capacitance which amounts practically to a limitation on the magnitude of the highest frequency to which it is possible to tune the circuit.
  • I avoid the use of radial cooling-fins on the anode of the discharge tube but instead employ the structure of the concentric line, in effect, as a cooling device to dissipate the heat set free at the tube anode.
  • the drawing shows an electrical discharge tube I having an anode 2 comprising a copper shell forming the wall over the entire upper end of the tube.
  • a control electrode 3 and an incandescent cathode 4 of. conventional type are located in the interior of the anode portion 2 and are sealed vacuum-tight to the lower end thereof by means of glass in a manner too well known in the art to require description.
  • Current to heat the cathode 4 is supplied from a transformer 5 having a grounded casing and the cathode leads are grounded through two condensers 6, I near their point of entrance to the tube I.
  • the control electrode 3 is connected to one terminal of a conventional input circuit, the other terminal of which may be grounded and this ground is connected to the grid through a condenser 8 and a resistor 9.
  • the connections of the tube I so far described are conventional ones and may be replaced by any other suitable connections for impressing the voltage of an input circuit between the cathode 4 and the control electrode 3.
  • the tube I. may conveniently be mechanically supported by the concentric line structure com.- prising a grounded metallic tube II which may be aflixed to a grounded supporting frame.
  • the tube II may have one end closed by a metal plate I2 which supports in the central axis of the tube II a cylindrical core I3.
  • the end of the core I3, which is opposite to the plate I2, is machined out to receive with a perfect lit the anode 2 of the tube I'. Since the core I3. tightly fits the tube anode 2, it constitutes an enicient means for conducting away the heat dissipated within said anode. during operation of the tube I.
  • a structure comprising a collar I5, a disk l6, and an annular ring I? is arranged to slide along the core I3.
  • Theouter diameter of the ring I! is made slightly less than the internal diameter and the tube II, as a result of which the structure I5, I6, I! is capacitively coupled to the tube II- by the annular spacing last mentioned.
  • the collar I5 forms a tight sliding fit with the core I3 and if necessary to. maintain good electrical contact thereto, sliding brushes such as element I8 may be provided in a manner well known in the electrical art.
  • the adjusting arrangement comprises a rod 2I which may beef metal, or may be of some insulating material such as micarta, which is preferably of a very small diameter, and which extends through a small hole bored in the central axis of core I3.
  • a rod 2I which may beef metal, or may be of some insulating material such as micarta, which is preferably of a very small diameter, and which extends through a small hole bored in the central axis of core I3.
  • Two deep and narrow slots connecting the central hole in member I3 with its periphery extend for a considerable distance. of the length of member l3, and permit a pin 22. which is set in the end of the rod 2
  • a source of voltage 23 is connected through a choke. coil 24 with the lower end of the rod I3.
  • the core I3 is preferably made of copper or some other good heat conductor and the size of its central hole and appurtenant slots is made as small aspossible.
  • the temperature difference between the lower and the upper .end of the core I'3 may be kept to any desired low value increasing the diameter of the core I3 to the necessary diameter.
  • the tube I was of the type sold under the trade designation WX-3005. and operated. to dissipate 150 watts of power at its anode in conjunction with a core I3 having a length of 12 inches and a diameter of 1.6 inches, the temperature difference between the upper. and lower ends of the core I3 was less than. C..with ordinary room temperatures. surrounding the apparatus. This provides a safe operating temperature for the tube I.
  • air-cooling means including an oscillation circuit comprising a substantially solid central core having a high heat conductivity in goodheat exchanging relation with said anode having a surrounding tubular portion connected to said core at the end remote from said discharge device by an end plate.
  • air-cooling'means including an oscillation circuit comprising a substantially solid central core having a high heat conductivity in good heat exchanging relation with said anode having a surrounding tubular portion connected to said core at the end remote from said discharge device by an end plate, said oscillation circuit being provided with an annular member slidable upon said core and separated from said tubular member by an annular gap.
  • air-cooling means including an oscillation circuit comprising a substantially solid central core having a high heat conductivity in good heat exchange relationship with said anode surrounded by a tubular conductor connected at one end to said core, said oscillation circuit being provided with an annular member I slidable upon said core and separated from said tubular conductor by an annular gap, and cooling vanes upon the end of said core adjacent said metal plate.
  • air-cooling means including an oscillation circuit comprising a substantially solid central core having a high heat conductivity and a recess at one end accurately fitting the exterior of said anode, a metal tube surrounding said core and a metal plate at the other end of said core connecting it to said metal tube,
  • air-cooling means including an oscillation circuit comprising a substantially solid central core having high heat-conductivity and having a recess at one end accurately fitting the exterior of said anode, a metal tube surrounding said core and a metal plate at the other end of said core connecting it to said metal tube, an annular member making a sliding fit upon said core and having an annular gap of small dimensions between its periphery and the internal surface of said tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
US357355A 1940-09-19 1940-09-19 Tube cooling means Expired - Lifetime US2285662A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US357355A US2285662A (en) 1940-09-19 1940-09-19 Tube cooling means
CH226802D CH226802A (de) 1940-09-19 1941-10-08 Vorrichtung mit einer Entladungsröhre zur Erzeugung und Verstärkung von Ultrakurzwellen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US357355A US2285662A (en) 1940-09-19 1940-09-19 Tube cooling means

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2285662A true US2285662A (en) 1942-06-09

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ID=23405246

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US357355A Expired - Lifetime US2285662A (en) 1940-09-19 1940-09-19 Tube cooling means

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US2285662A (de)
CH (1) CH226802A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2425738A (en) * 1941-10-23 1947-08-19 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Tunable high-frequency electron tube structure
US2435984A (en) * 1944-06-02 1948-02-17 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2458650A (en) * 1944-09-20 1949-01-11 Philco Corp Coaxial line generator
US2492155A (en) * 1945-08-11 1949-12-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Tuning system
US2530089A (en) * 1946-06-28 1950-11-14 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency resonant circuit
US2557391A (en) * 1942-10-07 1951-06-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Coupling device for micro-wave energy
US2558463A (en) * 1946-03-01 1951-06-26 Jr John C Reed Tunable cavity oscillator
US2693538A (en) * 1946-02-15 1954-11-02 Jr John C Reed Oscillator
US3558969A (en) * 1967-12-13 1971-01-26 Philips Corp Electron discharge tube having an anode forming part of a lecher-line with a heat dissipating element
US5260623A (en) * 1991-03-23 1993-11-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Electron collector for an electron beam tube

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2425738A (en) * 1941-10-23 1947-08-19 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Tunable high-frequency electron tube structure
US2557391A (en) * 1942-10-07 1951-06-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Coupling device for micro-wave energy
US2435984A (en) * 1944-06-02 1948-02-17 Raytheon Mfg Co Tunable magnetron
US2458650A (en) * 1944-09-20 1949-01-11 Philco Corp Coaxial line generator
US2492155A (en) * 1945-08-11 1949-12-27 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Tuning system
US2693538A (en) * 1946-02-15 1954-11-02 Jr John C Reed Oscillator
US2558463A (en) * 1946-03-01 1951-06-26 Jr John C Reed Tunable cavity oscillator
US2530089A (en) * 1946-06-28 1950-11-14 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency resonant circuit
US3558969A (en) * 1967-12-13 1971-01-26 Philips Corp Electron discharge tube having an anode forming part of a lecher-line with a heat dissipating element
US5260623A (en) * 1991-03-23 1993-11-09 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh Electron collector for an electron beam tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH226802A (de) 1943-04-30

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