US2284759A

US2284759A - Sash and frame construction

Info

Publication number: US2284759A
Application number: US338704A
Authority: US
Inventors: Judson C Murphy; Howard B Coldren
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-06-04
Filing date: 1940-06-04
Publication date: 1942-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 1959-06-02

Description

June2, 1,942. y J. c. MURPHY Erm. u. 2,234,759A

sAsH Aim MAMEl coNsfnnUcI'IoN Filed June 4, 1,940 2 Sheets-*Sheet l a7; 1 E 4 a a7 a2 32 I ZZ' f2l 11v Era. J. g

4 Hon/,4m omar/v INVENTOR5 ATTORNEY June '2, 1942. J. c. MURPHY ETAL. 2,284,759

sAsH AND""FRAME vc'oNsTRuJTIQN Filed June 4, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I f f I7 3 25.1257341607 *7j 2f 26 Z I7 j :fama/v 6. Mak/wr UNITED TEs .PATENT OFFICE 2,284,759 sAsH AND FRAME CONSTRUCTION Judson C. Murphy, San Marino, and Howard B. Coldren, Compton, Calif.

`Application June 4, 194i), Serial No. 338,704

` (Ci. :2o- 52) V5 Claims. Our invention relates to a sash and frame construction andhas particular reference to a sash and frame construction including an improved means for obtaining a weather seal between the sash and the frame.

It is common practice in present day building constructions to mount Window sashes within a Window frame for vertical sliding movement between open and closed positions and to guide these sashes during such sliding movement by means of vertically extending stop strips secured to the vertical members or jambs of the frame to define channels within which the sash may slide. The sash should be closely tted between the jambs and between the stop strips in order to provide a weather seal between the sash and the frame. v

It has been found, however, that due to tem perature and humidity changes and aging of the wood from which the sash and trame are constructed the .parts tend to swell and warp so as to cause the sash to bind and be difficult to slide. I n order to avoid this diiculty, it is the common practice to provide relatively loose fit between the sash and the frame so as to permit swelling and Warpage to occur without causing the sash to bind. This expedient permits considerable leakage of air and heat .between or other defective so as to impair the usefulness of the sash and frame construction.

It is therefore an object of our invention to provide a sash and frame construction in which a one-piece sash is removably supported in a one-piece frame.

It is also an object of our invention to provide a sash and frame construction of the character set forth in the preceding paragraph in which a means is included for normally retaining the sash in place within the frame.

It is anv additional object of our invention to provide a sash and frame construction of the character set forth in the preceding paragraphs which includes a means for establishing a weather seal between the sash and the frame.

It is another object of our invention to provide a sash and frame construction in which a means is provided on the sash for engaging the frame with a predetermined sealing pressure to provide a weather seal between the sash and the frame.

the sash andl the frame and recourse has been .had to special weather-stripping devices intended` to reduce this leakage to a minimum.

This diflculty has been overcome to a considerable extent in steel4 or metal sash constructions wherein the parts do not have the same tendency to change shape and size as is the case with wood frames. Metal sash is, however, considerably' more expensive than wood construction and for this reason wood construction is usually preferred in spite of the attendant disf advantages.

Another dimculty which is encountered in sash and frame constructions is common to bothV metal and wooden sash. This diiiiculty resides in the necessity for making the stop strips removable from the jamb in order to permit the sash to be removed from the frame. In the case of metal sash constructions this adds to the eX- pense involved in the manufacture and installation of the sash, and in the case of wood sash, results in the spoiling of the iinish of the window frame whenever it is required to remove the stop strips to permit the sash to be removed from the frame.

Present sash and frame constructions are also formed of a considerable number of pieces, thus adding to their cost of manufacture and installation. Furthermore, the relatively large number of parts employed require a corresponding number of joints which may in time become loosened It is also anobject of our invention to provide a sash and frame construction of the character set forth in the preceding paragraphs which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and install.

It is a still further object of our invention to provide a weather-strippingunit for use on. slid ing sash which includes a meansY engageable with the Aframe jambs to Y effect the desired Weather sealing operation, together with a coacting means for maintaining a predetermined pressure engagement between the sealing means and the jambs.

Other objects and advantages of our invention will be apparent from a study of the following specications, read in connectionwith the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is an elevational View illustrating the n appearance of one form of sash and frame construction of our invention;

Fig. 2 isa fragmentary vertical section taken through the upper rail and lintel substantially along the line II-II of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of one corner of the frame and sash construction showing the manner in which a spring type sash counter-balance is installed;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken substantially along the line IV-IV of Fig. 1 to illus` trate the manner in which the sash is supported betweenv the jambs and the manner in which a weather seal isV obtained between the sash and the frame;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross sectional view taken substantially along the line V-V of Fig. 1 to show-the manner in which the lower sash railcooperates with the sill to provide the necessary weather seal at that point; and

Fig. 6 is a perspective view illustrating one form of weather-stripping unit which may be incorporated in the sash construction of our invention to provide the desired weather seal between the sash and the frame.

Referring to the drawings, we have illustrated in Fig. 1 a window opening which is provided in a wall I and framed by means of

vertical jamb members

2 and 3 surmounted at their upper ends by a stile member 4 and resting upon a lower horizontal sill member 5. These may comprise separate members or constitute an integral onepiece frame as desired. Within the frame thus defined is mounted a pair of

window sashes

6 and 1, each sash preferably including horizontal rails 8 and 9 held in the required vertical spaced relation to each other as by means of stiles IU and I I, the sash thus defined serving to support a window light, such as a pane of glass I2 or other suitable window light material. The sashes may similarly be formed of separate pieces secured to each other or be of integral, one-piece construction as desired. As is more clearly shown in Fig. 4, each of the

jambs

2 and 3 may be supported in their required positions within the wall I as by securing them to suitable window bucks or studs I3 and I4.

It is customary to form the interior surface of the wall I by securing to the studs I3 and Iii a suitable insulating lath material I upon which is placed plaster or other suitable cementitious finish material I6. In order to prevent chipping and cracking of the plaster I6 adjacent the window opening and in order to provide a neat appearing finish at this point, we prefer to form the outer side of the

jamb members

2 and 3 with outwardly facing grooves, such as those indicated at I1 in Fig. 4, into which the plaster I3 may be forced to provide, when hardened, a plaster lock preventing relative movement between the plaster and the

jamb members

2 and 3. It will be observed also that by this means the plastered surface is caused to die within the groove I1 so that the resulting rough edge is completely hidden from view. The interior appearance may also be enhanced by grooving or otherwise tooling the interior edge of the

jamb members

2 and 3 as indicated at I8.

A similar construction may be employed at the outer surface of the wall I as by providing an outwardly directed groove I9 within which the stucco or exterior finish material may be locked. It is customary in building constructions to interpose between the stucco material 20 and the studs I3 and I4 immediately adjacent window openings, a metal flashing 2 i. The flashing material should be sealed to the window frame and for this purpose we provide each of the

jambs

2 and 3 with a groove or slot 23 extended inwardly from the outer surface of the

jamb members

2 and 3 for receiving the inner edge of the flashing 2 I. The exterior appearance may be enchanced, as desired, by grooving or tooling the exterior edge of the

jamb members

2 and 3 as indicated at 24.

The

aforementioned window sashes

6 and 1 may be supported between the

jambs

2 and 3 for vertical sliding movement as by providing in the inwardly directed face of each of these jamb members a vertically extending channel having a rectangular cross section substantially conforming to the width of the stile members II) and I I. Each of the channels may be defined by pairs of stop members 25a formed either separately or integrally with the jambs. The channels are preferably made somewhat wider than the thickness of the stile members so that swelling and warping of these members is permitted without causing a bind between the sash and the frame.

The sash receiving and guiding channels 26 which are formed in the jamb member 2 are preferably made enough deeper than the corresponding channels 25 in the jamb member 3 to permit the

sashes

6 and 1 to be slid to the right; as indicated in Fig. 4 to the bottom of the channels 2E and free the left hand edges of the sashes 6 and 'I from the channels 25. When this condition obtains, the sash may be pivotally moved about the right hand stile members II to swing the sash out of the window opening which is delined by the

jambs

2 and 3, thus permitting the sash to be bodily removed from the window frame.

The sash may be retained in a normal position such as that illustrated in Fig. 4 by providing each of the stile members II with a vertically extending recess 21 within which is secured a spring pressed weather-stripping unit 28. This unit is preferably constructed along the lines illustrated in Fig. 6 and comprises a channelshaped member 29 to the back of which is secured one or more leaf springs 30 adapted to bear against the bottom of the recess 21 and urge the channel member 29 outwardly against the bottom of the sash receiving channel 26. The vertical movement of the channel member 29 relative to the stiles I I may be prevented by loosely securing the back of the channel member 29 to the bottom of the recess 21 as by means of a screw or similar attaching means 3 I.

Between the flanges or legs of the channel member 29 we pivotally support a plurality of rollers 32, the rollers 32 being spaced along the length of the channel member 29 as desired. The outer ends of the legs of the channel member 29 are preferably turned back as indicated at 33 to provide a smooth rounded surface to bear against the bottom of the sash receiving channel 26. Similar devices are preferably employed in connection with each of the stiles I, these devices (indicated by reference character 34 in Fig. 4) being identical with the weather-strip unit 28 with the exception that the leaf spring 30 is omitted and the channel portions 29 thereof are secured in fixed position in a recess 35 formed in the edge of the stiles I0.

Each of the

jambs

2 and 3 are preferably provided with a track means for receiving the flanges 33 and roller 32, which track means may conveniently comprise a plurality of longitudinally extending grooves 35a, one for the rollers 32 and one for each of the flanges 33. The grooves 35a are preferably formed with a cross section conforming to the shape of the periphery of the roller 32 and the shape of the flanges 33, this conformity being obtained in the device illustrated herein by employing grooves having an arcuate cross section. This track means may comprise separate members secured to the jambs, or may (as in the form shown) comprise grooves which are cut into the jambs themselves. If desired, such grooves may be lined as with metal or as by spraying a suitable plastic material such as Bakelite upon the material of which the

jambs

2 and 3 are formed so as to provide a smooth, slick surface.

It will be observed that the springs 30 operate to force the sash to the left as indicated in Fig. 4 to bring the rollers 32 and flanges 33 of the weatherestrip units. 34 into engagement with the bottoms of the grooves 35a in the jamb 3 and at the same time bring the corresponding portionsV of the weather-strip units V2liv into engagement with the bottom of the grooves in the j amb 2.

In order that adequate sealing pressure may be obtained between the cylindrical flanges 33 and the

jarnbs

2 and 3, the rollers 32 are so positioned between the flanges 33 that the flanges will be iirst brought into engagement withthe grooves provided therefor and then flexed sufciently to permitI the rollers 32 to engage the grooves provided therefor as the springrSforces the unit 29 outwardly; The amount of Vflexure which is imparted to the flanges 33 thus determines the amount ol sealing pressure which is applied between Vthese flanges and the

jambs

2 and 3.

It will be observed that by this construction the sash is held in place within the guiding channels 25V and 26 and adequate weather seal is provided around the edges of the sash. It will be furthermore observed that the engagement of the rollers 32 and flanges 33 with their track means or grooves 35a serves to hold the sashes against movement transversely of the plane of the window opening, thus permitting the

channels

25 and 23 to be made considerably wider than the thickness of the Stiles so that later swelling and warping will not cause the sash to bind or stick. The construction described provides an adequate weather seal at the sides of the window even though the

channels

25 and 26 are thus widened. Y

Leakage of air or moisture down channels 21 behind the back of the channel members 29 may be prevented as by extending a piece of metal 33 rearwardly to overlie the upper end of the channel 2l'. The piece 36 maybe form-ed integrally with the channel member 29 and comprise a portion of the stock from which Ythe channel member 29 is formed. y

Each of the sashes E and 'i may be counterbalanced to permit them to remain in any position in which they may he placed by providing a that when the clip member 4l is disposed in such upright position, the legs 43 and 4l will be prevented from passing beneath the overhanging portions of the clips M and 45. This construction permits the spring type counter-balances to be readily `and -speedily connected or disconnected from the sashes at' such times as it isdesired to remove or re-install the sashes within the frame.

The desired weather seal at the top of the sash 3 may be provided by grooving the upper rail 8 as indicated at 63' and by disposing within this groove a horizontally extending strip of spring material 53 so that when the sash E is moved toits uppermost position, as illustrated in Fig. 2, the spring material 5t may be brought into engagement with the under surface of the lintel 4 to provide the desired weather seal.

As was described in connection with the jambs :i and 3, the lintel l may also be channeled as indicated at 5l and 52 to receive the Width of the rails 3 and the upper surface of the lint'el 4 may be channeled as lindicated at 53 to provide a plaster lock at the junction of the interior finish ES with the lintel. At the exterior surface, the aforementioned flash-ing El may be turned outwardly over the upper surface of the lintel 4 which is at this point preferably sloped out-` spring type of counter-balance 3l which may be inserted upwardly through a recess or slot 38 provided in the lintel il. The end of the tensioned tape or cord 33 may be secured to the sash 6 as by means or" a detachable clip construction constructed along the lines illustrated in Figs. 2 and G. This construction may include a clip member 40 secured to the upper end of the channel members 29 and a coacting clip member 4I secured to the end of the tape 39. The clip member fill may include a downwardly extending portion l2 secured as by spot welding or riveting to the back of the channel member 23 and a forward horizontally extending portion 43 Which'is bifurcated and turned back upon itself to provide ears mi and d5, These ears are adapted to engage outwardly extending legs 45 and 41 formed on the lower end of the clip member 4|, which clip member also includes an upper portionA adapted to be secured to the end of the tape 39.

The ears la and [l5 are preferably bent back somewhat more than a half` circle and the legs i6 and fil are made of an elongated rectangular cross section so that these legs may be rst laid flat and slipped under the overhanging portions ol' the ears all and 45 and then turned to an upright position as is illustrated in Fig. 2. The relative proportions of the parts are so adjusted wardly and downwardly as indicated at 54 to provide gravity drainage of any moisture that may get through the stucco 23 and be caught by the hashing 2l. If desired, the outermost edge of the lintel i may be provided with a slight overhang or eave 55 to cause. such moisture to drip freely rather than flow downwardly over the outer edge of the lintel.

A similar scheme may be employed for obtaining the desired weather seal at the lower edge of the inner sash l. As .indicated in Fig. 5, the lower edge o f the indicated at 5t and a narrow strip of spring material 57 is secured in this groove so as to be brought into engagement with the upper surface of the sill 5 when the sash l is moved to its closed position. As in conventional constructions,'the sill 5 is preferably angularly disposed so as to provide for `the outward drainage of water collecting thereon.

From the foregoing it will be observed that we have provided a unique one-piece sash and frame construction which permits the sash to be removed from the frame without dismantling or removing any of the frame parts.

It. will be furthermore observed that the sash construction of our invention includes a weatherstripping unit which not only establishes the desired weather sealV between the sash and. the frame, but permits the sash to be otherwise loosely supported within the frame so that swelling of the wooden parts will not result in binding and sticking of the sash.

Attention is called to the fact that the weather-stripping unit above described may also be employed on existing window structures of con ventional construction and when so employed will provide an adequate weather seal which has hitherto been unobtainable.

It will also be noted from the foregoing that the sash and frame construction of our invention employs a minimum number of parts and that these parts are so arranged as to permit thev ready and inexpensive manufacture and instale lation of the sash and frame while including Vade-` quate means for effecting a neat and satisfaclower rail 3 is preferably grooved asl tory junction between the frame parts and the interior finish material.

While we have shown and described the preferred embodiment of our invention, we do not desire to be limited to any of the details of construction shown or described herein, except as defined in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In a sash and frame construction, the combination of a frame including a pair of spaced parallelly extending jambs each carrying a longitudinally extending track means on the inward- 1y directed face thereof; a sash slidably retained between said jambs; and a weather sealing unit for each of said jambs including a stiff resilient member extending longitudinally of said jamb carried by said sash for slidable movement therewith in a position engaging said jamb and having an outwardly directed portion conforming to the shape of said track means, spring means urging said resilient member into pressure engagement with said jamb, and means carried by said mem'- ber in a position to also engage said jamb for limiting said pressure engagement to a predetermined value.

2. In a sash and frame construction, the combination of a frame including a pair of spaced parallelly extending jambs having longitudinal channels formed in the inwardly directed faces thereof, each of said jambs having a longitudinally extending groove of arcuate cross section formed in the bottom of said channels; a sash disposed between said jambs including a pair of spaced parallelly extending stiles received in said channels, each of said stiles having a longitudinally extending recess formed in the outwardly directed edge thereof; a stiff resilient member mounted in each of said recesses, each of said resilient members extending parallel to said jambs and having an outer portion curved to conform to the cross section of said grooves and received therein; means mounting lat least one of said resilient members for movement in said recess outwardly toward said jamb; spring means interposed between said sash and said movable resilient members for urging both of said members into pressure engagement with the bottoms of said grooves; and roller means carried by each of said resilient members in a position to simultaneously engage said jamb for limiting the pres- ,A

sure engagement between said resilient member and said jamb to a predetermined value.

3. In a sash and frame construction, the combination of: a frame including a pair of spaced parallelly extending jambs having longitudinal channels formed in the inwardly directed faces thereof, each of said jambs having three longitudinally extending grooves of arcuate cross section formed in the bottom of said channels; a sas-h disposed between said jambs including a pair of spaced parallelly extending Stiles received in said channels, each of said stiles having a longitudinally extending recess formed in the outwardly directed edge thereof; a channel-shaped member formed of resilient material mounted in each of said recesses with the legs of said channel extending outwardly therefrom, each of said legs being turned back upon itself to provide an outer portion curved to conform to the cross section of the outer ones of said three grooves and received therein; means securing one of said channel members in its recess in a fixed position relative to said stile; means mounting the other of said channel members in its recess for movement outwardly toward said jamb; spring means interposed between said sash and said movable channel member for urging both of said members into pressure engagement with the bottoms of said grooves; and a plurality of rollers disposed between the legs of both of said channel members in a position to engage the center ones of said grooves for limiting the pressure engagement between the legs of said channel members and said jambs to a predetermined value.

4. In a sash and frame construction, the combination of z a frame including spaced parallelly extending jambs; a sash disposed between said jambs and having a width less than the distance therebetween to leave a space of predetermined width between"` said sash and jambs; a pair of stop members carried by each of said jambs on opposite sides of said sash, one pair of said stop members having a width greater than said space for deiining a deep channel and the other pair of said stop members having a width less than said space for dening a shallow channel; and a Weather sealing unit carried by said sash in said deep channel including weather sealing members engageable with said jamb, spring means interposed between said sash and said weather sealing members for urging said members intov pressure engagement with said jamb, and means carried by said weather sealing members in a position to also engage said jamb and limit said pressure engagement to a predetermined value, whereby removal of said sash from said frame by movement of said sash to the bottom of said deep channel is permitted without exceeding said predetermined value of said pressure engagement between said jamb and said weather sealing members.

5. In a sash and frame construction, the combination of: a frame including a pair of spaced parallelly extending jambs; a sash disposed between said jambs including a pair of spaced stiles disposed parallel to said jambs, each of said stiles having a longitudinally extending recess formed in the outwardly directed edge thereof, said sash having a width less than the distance between said jambs to leave a space of predetermined width between said sash and jambs; a pair of stop members carried by each of said jambs on opposite sides of said stiles, one pair of said stop members having a width greater than said space for deiining a deep channel and the other pair of said stop members having a width less than' said space for deilning a shallow channel; a stiff resilient member mounted in each of said recesses, each of said resilient members extending parallel to said jambs and engageable therewith; means mounting the one of said resilient members associated with said deep channel for movement in said recess outwardly toward said jamb; spring means interposed between said sash and said movable resilient member for urging both of said members into pressure engagement with said jambs; and roller means carried by each of said resilient members in a position to simultaneously engage said jambs for limiting the pressure engagement betweensaid resilient member and said jamb to a predetermined value, whereby removal of said sash'from said frame by movement of said sash to the bottom oi said deep channel is permitted without exceeding said predetermined value of said pressure engagement between said jamb and said resilient members.

JUDSON C. MURPHY. HOWARD B. COLDREN.