US2284484A

US2284484A - Brake mechanism

Info

Publication number: US2284484A
Application number: US346076A
Authority: US
Inventors: Carolus L Eksergian
Original assignee: Budd Wheel Corp
Current assignee: ThyssenKrupp Budd Co
Priority date: 1940-07-18
Filing date: 1940-07-18
Publication date: 1942-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 1959-05-26
Also published as: FR917580A; GB549378A

Description

C. L. EKSERGIAN 'B'RAKEMECHANISM Filed July 18, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Carvlusi .Eiise rgzan ATTORNEY May 26, 1942.

May 26, 1942. c. L. EKSERGIAN BRAKE MECHANISM Filed ul 18, 1940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR CaroZzwiZ Elils'ergmn flfW ATTORNEY Patented May 26, 1942 2,234,484 time Mechanism Carolus L. Ekserg'lan, Detroit, Mich, assignorto Budd Wheel Company, Philadelphia, Pa a corporation 01 Pennsylvania Application July 18, 19cc, Serial No. scents (cl. l8il-59) 8 Claims.

The present invention relates to brakes.

More specifically, it relates to brakes of the so-called disk. type, particularly that form wherein the brakecylinder and; brake shoe are carried by a yoke or (z-frame, and may be considered 'to relate to a modified form of suspension for such G-frame, orother hanger.

A characteristic feature of the present invention is the provision of rubber pads or equivalent devices between the axle and the C-frame, with the object of providing a cushioning action against the impact or shock that otherwise would be transmitted to the C-frame from .the wheels.

By minimizing such vibration or shock the wear. of certain portions of the brake mechanism materially reduced; because vibration increases the wear of the hearings.

An important object ofthe resilient yieldahle or" yieldable material provided. Another object of the invention is to reduce lateral shocks also, so that the parts will operate properly within relatively small limits imposed by the small available clearance.

A still further object is to provide a bearing which will not require frequent lubrication or other servicing or. attention.

The alcove and other objects and advantages are attained lay the structures disclosed in, the present specification and the drawing accent panying the same, illustrative of certain specific forms of the invention.

In said drawings:

Fig. l is a diagrammatic plan view partly in section, showing one half of a wheel truck embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary sectional side elevation on an enlarged scale, the section being made on the planes indicated by the broken line 2--i2 oi Fig. 1; I I Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view on a still further enlarged scale, on the vertical plane indicatedby line 3--3 of Fig. 2. r

FigJLiS a similar section taken on the horizontal planeindicatedby the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; and

Fig. j5 ;is a section corresponding to Fig. 3, but Showings modified form of the 'yieldable device. In: all'the figures, similar elements are indicatedby'the same reference characters.

Referring first to the form illustrated in Figs.

1 to 4, I designates the truck irame, having the journal boxes l for carrying the axles i on which are mounted the wheels El. These journal boxes 'J'are each mounted for the usual vertical sliding movement between spaced truck frame pedestals, as to.

Each wheel has a hub flange 2i, and. a brake ring 6 is secured to such flange in any suitable way, for example by bolts A brake yoite or Qdrame carries mechanisms for cooperating with the brake rings 6. The yoke or c-irame comprises a preferably tubular member 8 extending across the truck frame, and having at each end. an arm 2 with. a substantially semi-circular end, which cooperates with a connecting strap 3 to form a circular here or opening as shown in 2, each strap 3 being secured to the corresponding arm 2 by means of holts it and nuts Extending rearwardly from the tubular crosspiece ii is an arm 28 hava forked ill, with hearing member 36 extending between the arms of the fork and pivotally mounted in said arms.

Eihis hearing member plays'vertically within an enclosure termed by a bracket 2d, secured to the transom 25 by bolts 2?, and a lower cap 2! secured to thehottom oi the bracket 20, for example by means of the bolts 22. A helical spring extends between the top of the bearing memher 53 3 and the top of hraciret Elli, while another helical spring E l similarly hears against'the hottom of hearing member and against the bottom of the cap Ell, so that the hearing member ti l is thereby spring-held within the enclosure formed by saidhracket and cap, thus permitting the cross piece ll of the yolrc to pivot vertically through a small angle about the center of the axle i.

The cross member is provided with means for mounting oi the hralre mechanism thereon, the present example comprising the two flanges ill. To each of these flanges there is pivoted at 32 an inner brake lever c, and at an outer brake lever it. Each brake lever t carries at its rear or inner end a brake cylinder it having an air port 2i and each lever i0 is pivoted at M to the piston rod of the corresponding brake cylinder. Brake shoes Ill coact with the inner side surfaces of the brake rings while other brake shoes l6 cobe understood that suitable flexible air supply.

means such as hose or the like is connected to the ports 26 of the cylinders, so that when air.

under pressure is supplied therethrough to the respective cylinders, the brake shoes-l5 and 'IE will be forced against the corresponding sides of the brake ringsi to provide the braking force.

The brake yoke is supported concentrically tlon.

with the journal boxes I by means designated as a whole by reference characters 35, and comprising rubber slabs vulcanized to metal plates, which will now be described with particular reference to Figs. 2 and 3. Two. arcuate steel plates 36 fitting within the bore formed in the end of a corresponding arm 2 and the strap 3 cooperat ing therewith, have one end of each bent out ward as shown at M, said ends being engaged between the adjacent ends of 2 and 2]. A slab, 38 of rubber or similar material is vulcanized to the concave inner surface of each plate 86, and a further metal plate 39 is in turn vulcanized to the concave surface of said rubber slab 238. A second rubber slab db is likewise secured between the plate as and a further metal plate (ll, which fits on the outside of a metal plate G2, and. is secured thereto in any preferred manner. The

plate '52 is in turn secured to a relatively station The axle ii may be mounted for rotation in the journal box 71 in any preferred way, for instance an inner bearing race dl may be mounted upon the axle and a cooperating outer race db may be arranged concentrically around the inner race 6'9, with suitable anti-friction devices, such as the rollers 6&3, arranged between the .two bearing races.

The stationary parts M and 56 forming parts of the journal box i may be secured to one another in any suitable way, for example by means of stud bolts d5. threadedinto Ell in cooperation with nuts it and lock washers 50 It will be seen from Fig. 2 that the rubber slabs lie predominantly in a'horizontal direction above and below the stationary element 46, and the objects and advantages of this arrangement will be explained hereinafter.

Referring to Figs. 2 and 4, means are shown for limiting the side play of the arms 2 of the brake yoke and the straps 3 connected thereto. Each strap 3 and arm 2 is here shown to have

wear plates

52 and 53 secured toopposite lateral sur-- faces thereof, preferably by welds as indicated at 54. These wear plates 52 and t aremade of highly resistant material, such as a manganese alloy or other extremely wear-resistant steel. Companion wear plates 55 and 5b are suitably spaced from the

wear plates

52 and 53 and welded respectively to an arm 57 on'the member M and the flange 58 of the member 50 as clearly shown in Fig. 4. The wear plates are normally out of contact with one another but serve to come in contact when necessary to prevent excessive yield of the rubber slabs 38 and 4B in a lateral direc- Other wear plates 59 and 60 may also be secured to the member 5|! of journal box i, to

coact with the pedestals formed in the side frames of the truck I.

Referring now to the modified construction disclosed in Fig. 5, 6| represents a portion of the yoke or c-frame, corresponding to the arm portion 2 of Fig. 3. It will be noted that the inner boundary of (is here formed of two conical surfaces 62, joined by a relatively narrow cylindrical surface 63, that is, forming what may be designated as a V-shaped cross section.

In order to cooperate with this section, the outer steel ring 64, forming part of the rubber sandwich, is similarly shaped to fit against said -member GI 50' that the said member Bl might be described as similar to a sector of a v-grooved pulley rim. A correspondingly shaped rubber element 65 is vulcanized within the plate 54 and face of the inner steel plate 652. The plate 68 is I received in a correspondingly shaped groove es in the flange ill of the journal box, which is secured in any desired way to'the interfltting member 52, for example by means of cap screws M.

While the form oi the invention disclosed in Fig. ,5 may be used in conjunction with the lateral wear plates of Fig. 4, this will not always be necessary, inasmuch as the special shape given to the rubber sandwich in Fig. 5 is such that it possesses a high degree of resistance to lateral shifting, thus eliminating entirely or to a great extent any need for such laterally'placed wear plates.

The operation of the form disclosed in Figs. 1 to d is as follows: The brake mechanism oper ates in the usual way, that is, when compressed air is applied to the brake cylinders it through Vertical vibration of the axle t with respect to the truck frame 1 will be absorbed to a'large extent by the rubber, namely, instead of transmitting such vibration to the C-frame, the rubber will thereby be stressed in tension and compres- V sion. It will be seen that the rubber extends primarily in a horizontal direction, so as to support the vertical stresses.

Fig. 2 clearly shows that there is no corre-- sponding vertical rubber, and this has several advantages. In the first place, such vertically arranged rubber would be stressed solely in shear by vertical stresses, and thus would yield too readily to vertical shocks and vibrations while at the same time it would needlessly increase the torsional resistance to rotation of the C-frame. It should be borne in mind that rubber exhibits a much greater rate in compression thanin shear, that is, the resistance to compressive stresses increases much more rapidly with the deflection under load than does the resistance to shearing stresses. r

The interposition ofthe steel spacers between the rubber slabs secures proper distribution of the stresses while at the same time it limits the lateral yield, thus assisting in keeping the C- 7 frame properly alined' within the rather narrow I installations.

It should be understoodthat while usually a C-frame is the preferred type of hanger for the therefore to be construed as broad enough to include such brake mechanism supports, regardless of the number of arms incorporated therein.

Having disclosed the principles of the invention and several structural embodiments at present believed to be preferred forms, it should be understood that various other alterations, additions and omissions also may be made therein without departing fromthe spirit of the invention, which is defined solely in the following claims.

I claim: v

1. In a wheel truck having a journal box,- an

axle carried thereby, brake mechanism compris ing a brake ring rotating with the axle, and a brake shoe cooperating therewith, means for actuating said brake shoe, a yoke supporting said means, means comprising two curved rubber sandwiches located one above and one below the journal box for supporting said yoke on said journal box for oscillation about an axis substantially in alinement with the axis of the brake ring, said sandwiches being of limited circumferential extent so as to leave the sides of the journal box for the most part free thereof, and yieldable means supporting said yoke at a point remote from said axis.

2. In a wheel truck having a journal box, an

axle carried thereby, brake mechanism comprising a brake ring rotating with" the axle,and a brake shoe cooperating therewith, means for actuating said brake shoe, a yoke supporting said actuating means, means comprising two arcuate rubber sandwiches located one above and one below the journal box for supporting said yoke on said journal box for oscillation about an axis substantially in alinement with the axis of the brake ring, each sandwich having its rubber V-shaped in cross-section, and yieldable means supporting said yoke at a point remote from said axis.

3. In a wheel truck having a journal box, an axle carried thereby, brake mechanism comprising a brake ring rotating with the axle, and a brake shoe cooperating therewith, means for actuating said brake shoe, a yoke supporting said actuating means, means comprising two arcuate rubber sandwiches located one above and one below the journal box ior supporting said yoke on said journal box for oscillation about an axis substantially in alinement with the axis of the brake ring, said sandwiches being of limited circumferential extent so as to leave the sides of the journal box for the most part free thereof, and means laterally spaced from the yokes adjacent said journal box for preventing undue lateral shift of the yoke.

1. In a wheel truck having a joumaf box, an

' axle carried thereby, brake mechanism comprising a brake ring rotating with the axle, and a brake ring, said sandwiches being of limited circumferential extent so as to leave the sides of the journal box for the most part free thereof, and means laterally spaced from the yoke adjacent said journal box for preventing undue lateral shift of the yoke, said last-named means comprising wear plates.

5. A brake mechanism comprising a rotatable brake member, a non-rotatable brake member cooperating therewith, means for actuating said brake members into braking engagement, a

hanger for supporting said non-rotatable brake member and said actuating means, means comprising yieldable material supporting said hanger for oscillation about an axis substantially in alinement with the axis of the rotatable brake member and other means for supporting said hanger at a point remote from said axis, said yielding material comprising rubber slabs hav ing arcuate inner surfaces arranged above and below the axis and between said hanger and the axis, the slabs being of limited circumferential extent, leaving the side portions of the hanger and axis for the most part free thereof.

6. A brake mechanism comprising a rotatable brake member, a non-rotatable brake member portions of the hanger and axis for the most part free thereof.

7. In a wheel truck having a journal box, an axle carried thereby, brake mechanism comprising a brake member rotating with the axle, and a non-rotatable brake member cooperating therewith, means for actuating said members into cooperative braking engagement, a hanger supporting said non-rotatable brake member and having a supporting bearing encircling the journal box and a second support means remote from I the axle, yielding means between said supportbrake shoe cooperating therewith, means for acbelow the journal box for supporting said yoke on said journal box for oscillation about an axis substantially in alinement with the axis of the ing bearing and journal box, comprising upper and lower arcuate rubber slabs disposed between said bearing and journal box and secured thereto, the slabs being of limited circumferential extent so as to leave the side portions of the bearing and journal box for the most part free thereof.

8. In a wheel truck having a journal box, an axle carried thereby, brake mechanism comprising a brake ring rotating with the axle, anda brake shoe cooperating therewith, means for actuating said brake shoe, a yoke supporting sa1d actuating means, means comprising two arcuate rubber sandwiches located one above and one below the journal box for supporting the yoke on said journal box for oscillation about an axis substantially in alignment with the axis of the brake ring, each sandwich having its rubber reentrant on one side and bulging on the other side in cross-section, and yieldable means supporting said yoke at a point remote from said axis.

CAROLUS L. EKSERGIAN.