US228405A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

B. P. SMITH.

Furnace.

Patented June 1, 1880.`

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4 5 p, and to conduct as much heat as possible to einen.

PATENT BENJAMIN F. SMITH, OF NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 228,405, dated June 1, 1880.

Application led October 17, 1879.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, BENJAMIN F. SMITH, of New Orleans, State of Louisiana, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces,

of which the following isa specication.

The object of this invention is to increase the combustion of fuel, together with the entire consumption of smoke in boiler, reverberatory, and cupola furnaces, whereby the products of combustion are more fully utilized for the generation of steam and the heatin g capacity of furnaces; and it consists in the means that will be fully set forth in the specification and pointed out in the claims.

To enable others to construct and operate the furnace, I shall now proceed to describe my invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure I is a longitudinal section. Fig. II is a transverse section; and Fig. III a view, in perspective, with one of the side walls broken away to show the internal structure.

B is the base or foundation, having two side or lateral walls, C, built to a proper height and width.

D is the rear inclined internal and external wall, which, with the side walls and upper arch and fire-tile grate h, forms the gas receiving and combustion chamber I.

The top of wall D forms the lower part of the throat K, which should be in proper proportion to the size of the fuel-chamber A and to the relative volume of the gases evolved from the fuel therein.

Ais the fuel-chamber, having the inwardlyinclined grate-bars p, fitted in plates e and g, and having spaces s, the rear grate-bars, h, having spaces r. The conformation of the fuelchamber, being larger at the bottom than at the upper end, secures a gradual increase of fuel toward the base of the chamber, for the purpose of creating a large body of incandescent fuel at that point to act upon the slower products distilled above and close to the grate the face of the inclined wall D, which, being intensely heated, assists combustion in the gas receiving and combustion chamber I.

Surmounting the fuel-chamber is the magazine n, closed by a tight-fitting lid or cover, 0. The fuel in the chamber is supported upon the grate zu. The ashes resulting from the combustion ofthe fuel are deposited upon the inclined ash-bed d. In front of this bed is placed device t, for the purpose of regulating the volume of air to the under side of the grate w, and through it and the fire-tile grate h to the base of the gas receiving and combustion chamber I to enhance combustion in said chamber, and may be used to force the ashes toward the door e. It is formed by fitting four blades of metal at right angles to each other upon a rod, which is operated by a crank placed thereon outside the furnace-wall.

In front of and between the inwardly-inclined grate-barsp and door c is a steam and air chamber, E, having a door with registered perforations b. A pipe, u, provided with nipples or perforations, and having suitable cocks, and supplied by steam from any source, is placed in this chamber.

Openings m are made in and through the arch for the reception of another series of steam-pipes, L, which enter a suitable distance therein, for the induction of air.

The operation is as follows: A quantity of fuel of a light nature, such as shavings, charcoal, or the like, is placed in the ash-pit and lighted. The fuel in the chamber A will be ignited, air in the meanwhile being supplied through the ash-pit door c and perforations in the door c. When the fuel is fully ignited the door of the ash-pit is closed and steam admitted to the chamber E, which mingles with the air therein, the draft being accelerated by the steam from the blast-pipe L, thereby increasing the combustion of the fuel.

The grate-bars p are placed close together-` say one-half inch apart-to prevent the steam acting with too great a force, and thus producing incandescence of the fuel at this point, which is not desirable for the perfect operation of my device.

The fire-tile grate-bars h are placed at some distance apart-say twice as far as the bars ,1o-to allow the heat to pass freely to the combustion-chamber I, from which it is drawn by the draft at the throat K. The steam-blast and air drawn through the openings m mingle with the products of combustion and produce intense heat. y

It will thus be seen that steam and air are made to act directly upon the fuel in the rirechamber, and then upon the gases distilled or generated therefrom; but it is preferable that for the complete operation of my device the steam and air should be acting at both points at the same time.

One or more steam-pipes having suitable nipples or perforations may be used in the air and steam chamber E, arranged to supply more air and steam to the lower portion of the fuel than at points higher up, to produce greater heat in the lower body ofthe fuel.

I am aware that it is not new to supply air to the grate, to the combustiorrchamber, and to the due outside ofthe throat.

I am also aware that it is common to construct furnaces with vertical grates, and these I do not claim; but

Vhat I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace, the combination of the vertical and inwardly-inclined fuel-chamber A with the upper magazine, n, air-tight cover o, combnstion-ehamber I, with the throat K, and steam-pipe L, all arranged above the horizontal grate w, substantially as described.

2. In afurnace, the combination of the steam and air cham ber E, the inwardly-inclined grates j), provided with small spaces s, and the vertical tire-tile grate h, provided with enlarged spaces r, with the combustion-chamber I and throat K, having air-openings on, provided with steampipe L, substantially as described.

3. rIhe combination, with an inclined ashbed, of a device, t, substantially as described, for regulating air and forcing the ashes from said bed, in the manner set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand in the presence ofthe subscribing witnesses.

BENJAMIN F. SMITH.

Witnesses z LoUis PRINDIVILLE, MARTIN McCoy.

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