US2283338A

US2283338A - Drilling machine

Info

Publication number: US2283338A
Application number: US311876A
Authority: US
Inventors: Pegard Marcel
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-08-17
Filing date: 1939-12-30
Publication date: 1942-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 1959-05-19
Also published as: BE444063A; FR868213A

Description

M. PEGARD DRILLING MACHINE Filed Dec.

May 19, 1942.

30, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 19, 1942. M. PEGARD DRILLING MACHINE 3 Filed Dec. 50, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 19, 1942. M. PEGARD 2,283,338

DRILLING MACHINE Filed Dec. 30, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheetfi M. PEGARD DRILLING MACHINE Filed Dec.

May 19, 1942.

30, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented ay 1-9, 1942 Application December 30, 1939, Serial No. 311,876

In France August 17, 1939 g Claims.

In many drilling operations, and in particular in boiler-work, the holes to be drilled are distributed at uniform intervals either along a single line or along parallel lines, themselves disposed at a given interval from one another, the holes being, as a rule, off-set alternately from one line of holes to the next one, in such manner as to obtain a staggered arrangement.

In operations of this kind, unless use is made of drilling templates, which are costly to prepare, it is necessary, before carrying out the drilling operation, to proceed to a laying out or plotting of the whole of the holes, and to start each of them, in order to obtain, for the drilling operation, the desired accuracy.

The present invention relates to machines in which two parts are to be given a series of relative positions, such as above mentioned, and it is particularly applicable to drilling machines and more especially, although not exclusively, radial drilling machines.

The chief object of the present invention is to provide a machine of this kind which is better adapted to meet the requirements of actual practice and in particular avoids the above mentioned drawbacks, to wit the necessity of plotting and starting all the holes to be drilled.

Another object of the presentinvention is to accelerate the drilling of holes located along straight lines by eliminating the necessity of special bit centering operations.

Still another object of the present invention is to ensure a better accuracy of the work that is obtained by eliminating the possibility of mistake in the positioning of the bit.

With these objects in view, according to an essential feature of the present invention, I provide means for guiding the relative displacement of the bit carriage with respect to the piece of work, and automatically gtopping and maintaining said carriage along its path of travel, at predetermined intervals which may be given different values.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, these means include a rule or rod, arranged, in the case of a radial drilling machine, parallel to the arm thereof, that is to say along the path of displacement of the carriage which carries the bit or drill, and cooperatgage, in the course of the displacement of the rule at intervals corresponding to the spacing to be obtained between the respective holes to be drilled into the piece of work. With such an arrangement, whenever the carriage is immobilized, by the engagement of the elastic stop into one of the successive recesses of the rule, the drill or hit 'of the machine is brought exactly opposite the hole to be drilled.

The distance between the successive lines of holes may be indicated by a mark made on the piece of work, or, according to an embodiment of the invention, a second rule used in combination with the first is placed at right angles to said first mentioned rule and it is rigid with the table that supports the piece of work. Or, according to another possible arrangement, the whole of the drilling machine is movable with respect to the piece of work, which is held stationary, and the second mentioned rule is fixed with respect to the track along which said movable drilling machine can be displaced. This second rule, which is provided with holes or recesses provided it predetermined intervals from one another, corresponding to the distances to exist between the respective lines of holes, thus ensure the holding of the drill or hit along each of said lines.

Advantageously, according to the present invention, said rule, or each of said rules, is of polygonal section, each of the faces thereof being provided with holes or recesses disposed at a given interval from one another or according to a predetermined law, whereby a very small number of rules is sufilcient for ensuring all the spacings that are commonly used in boiler work or the like. It sufliccs, in order to obtain the desired spacing, to turn the rule about its longitudinal axis, so as to bring the face corresponding to this spacing opposite the elastic stop or equivalent means.

Advantageously, also, according to the invention, the rule can be fixed in its supports in either of two difierent longitudinal positions, corresponding to the oil-setting to be obtained between the stoppage positions of the carriage from one line to the other in order automatically to obtain a staggered relation of the holes inthe piece of work.

Owing to the high accuracy that can be obtaind in the machining of the pieces, and especially the rules, a high accuracy of the drilling operations is ensured,

This accuracy can be still further improved by providing the tool supporting carriage with a device for guiding the drill or bit with a view to avoiding any slipping of said drill or bit with respect to the piece of work at the beginning of the drilling operation.

This last mentioned device further reduces the risks of breaking the drill or bit.

Other features of the present invention will result from the following detailed description of some specific embodiments thereof.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be hereinafter described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given merely by way of example, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a general elevational view of a radial drilling machine made according to the present invention and including means for automatically stopping the tool supporting carriage and the movable table which carries the piece of work;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the radial drilling machine of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a general elevational view of a radial drilling machine having a movable column and a stationary table, in which the second stopping means used in combination with the means for stopping the tool supporting carriage determines the position of the whole of the movable part with respect to the track along which it can be displaced;

Fig. 4 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale, of the arm of the drilling machine according to the invention;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view on the line VV of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line VI-VI of Fig. 4;

Fig. '7 is a plan view of a piece of work provided with a series of lines of holes;

Fig. 8 is an elevational view, partly in section, showing the arrangement of the drill guiding device;

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the device shown by Fig. 8.

In the embodiment of the invention shown by Figs. 1 and 2, the arm I of the drilling machine is provided with a hexagonal rule 2, which cooperates with the stopp and locking means carried by the part II of the tool supporting carnage.

On the other hand, the base of the movable table of the machine is provided with a similar rule 2', disposed at right angles to the first, while the table itself is fitted with a support II on which is fixed the stopping and locking means which cooperates with rule 2'.

In the radial drilling machine shown by Fig. 3,

the column is movable along rails, whereas the table is stationary. The second rule, that is to say that which serves to control the distances between the rows of holes, is fixed on one of the rails, and the stopping and locking means is fixed to the corresponding longitudinal member of the machine.

As shown by the detail views of Figs. 4, 5 and 6, rule 2, constituted by a hexagonal steel bar, provided, along the central line of each of its faces, with holes or recesses 3 located either at regular intervals from one another or according to any predetermined law, is fixed to the arm I of the drilling machine.

The intervals, which are different along each of the six faces, corresponding to the various spacings with which the holes are to be drilled in the piece of work, so that, with a single rule, it is possible to obtain six different spacings.

Rule 2 is guided at each endthereof by bear- These bearin s enable the rule to move with an axial displacement equal to at least one. half of the maximum spacing of the holes.

Rule 2 can turn freely about its axis in the bearings la and 4b by which it 'islsupported, whereby any of its six faces can be brought opposite the elastic stop i. It is locked in any of these six positions by the engagement of said stop 8 in one of the six cylindrical holes or housings I provided in the rule. On each of the faces of the rule, another identical housing 8 is provided, at a distance from the corresponding housing I, e being the interval between the consecutive holes of the face of the rule that is considered. Finger 8, which is rigid with a milled knob I3, is screwed in a supporting piece 9 itself slidably supported by bearing to. The locking of supporting piece I in suitable position with respect to bearing 4a is ensured by bolt It.

At the lower part of the carriage I, there is fixed a support II which carries a stop pin I 2 constantly urged by a spring against the vertical face of the rule. When carriage I moves along the arm i of the drilling machine, this stop pin l2 engages into the first cylindrical housing 3 to come across its way, and it stops carriage I. It can be disengaged from said housing by pulling it by means of milled knob I. By pulling this knob rearwardly and turning it through lug l5 keeps it in the rear position and the stopping pin is rendered inoperative, thus permitting a quick displacement of carriage I along its guide, opposite arm I.

'In order to ensure the accuracy of the positioning of the hole to be drilled. by avoiding any slipping of the drill or bit with respect to the piece to be drilled, it is advantageous to provide a drill guiding device such as that shown by way of example by Figs. 8 and 9.

This drill guiding device is fixed to the lower part of the tool supporting carriage by means of support It, which is fitted with a guide bar i'l adapted to be adjusted at any desired height.

A suitable support it, which is capable of moving along the guide bar, carries a ring it for centering the drill or bit. This ring is mounted in a ball or roller bearing, so that it can turn together with the drill or bit without producing any detrimental friction.

Ring is is adaptable to various sizes of the holes to be drilled.

The guide bar I! and the adjustable support i8 are locked in position by means of nuts 20 which hold collar halves 2|.

The square cross-section of bar l1 ensures a guiding of the drill at all heights of utilization, and also a considerable rigidity of the whole guiding device.

In order fully to explain the operation of the device according to the present invention, it will be assumed, by way of non-limitative example, that a metal sheet 20 is to be provided with holes disposed as shown by Fig. 7, an arrangement which is common in boiler-work.

The metal sheet is secured toa roller support so that it can be displaced perpendicularly to the path of travel of the carriage, the successive lines of holes remaining parallel to this path of cally giving the ofisetting e of each line of holes.

travel which always keeps the same direction during the whole of the drilling operations. The carriage is free on its slideway.

The rule is turned about its longitudinal axis in such manner as to bring face 20, the housings 3 )f which are located at a distance e from one another equal to the desired spacing of the hole to be drilled, frontward, in vertical position, and it is locked in this position by screwing the flnger 6 through the milled knob l3.

The elastic stopping pin I2 is engaged into a housing 3. chosen in such manner that there remains a sufflcient margin of displacement of the carriage for permitting ofbringing it from one end to the other of the width 1 of the metal sheet 20. Care should be taken to place this sheet -n such manner that the first hole a is approximately centered with respect to the drill or bit.

Bolt or screw 10 is loosened, and the carriage is displaced in the direction indicated by arrows f or P. It drives rule 2 together with itself. At the same time, the metal sheet is moved in the perpendicular direction (arrow f or F) so as accurately to center the drill or hit for the drilling of the first hole a.

The centering having been obtained, bolt I0 is tightened, and the metal sheet is drilled. After the drill or bit has been taken out from the hole, it sufiices to pull knob l4 rearwardly for disengaging the stopping pin l2, while simultaneously acting on the hand wheel for displacing the carriage on its guide. The elastic stopping pin l2 drops into the next housing 3, and the carriage is automatically stopped into the exact .position for drilling the nexthole b, which therefore needs not be plotted. And the operation is repeated for all the holes of the first line.

For the drilling of the holes of the second line, which, as shown by Fig. 7, may be off-set with respect to those of the first line, the metal sheet is first displaced parallel to itself (arrow until the point of the drill or bit comes on the second line of holes (which need be plotted or traced only in portion AB). Finger 6 is then unscrewed by means of knob l3, and, bolt l0 remaining tightened, rule 2 is displaced so that finger 6 engages into hole 8. The rule is then fixed in this position by means of knob 13. The rule has thus been displaced a distance equal to one half of the interval between two consecutive holes, so that I directly obtain the staggered arrangement of the holes of the second line with respect to those of the first line, without it being necessary to lay outor plot the holes. The drilling process is the same as for the first line, the first holeto be drilled being hole d. Then the third line is drilled, by bringing back finger 6 into hole I. And so on for the other lines of holes to be drilled.

From this example, it will be readily understood that, in order to carry out the drilling of I holes arranged as shown by Fig. 7, the only elements to be traced or plotted are:

a. The hole a for the first centering of the drill or bit;

b. The hole 0 for checking the parallel relation of the lines of holes with respect to the movement of the carriage on the arm of the drilling machine; and

0. One end of every line of holes, for instance A-B, C-D, etc.

If the number of pieces to be drilled warrants it, the means for displacing the metal sheet may be fitted with an analogous device automati- The rule provided with the holes or recesses corresponding to the respective lines of holes is then arranged in a direction at right angles to that of the rule 2 which automatically stops the carriage for the drilling of the successive holes. This arrangement can also be utilized when the drilling machine is movable with respect to the piece of work and the latter is held stationary. By making use of this combination of two rules, it then suflices, in order to drill a plurality of holes as shown by the drawings, to trace or plot the first hole and to mark the last line of drilling.

The distance between the holes or recesses I and 8 of the rule, which, in the example illustrated, is equal to can be given any other value. Also, while value e has been assumed to be constant, it can vary according to any predetermined law, if this is necessary or advantageous.

The cross section of the rule, instead of being hexagonal, may be chosen of any desired shape with a greater or lower number of sides, according as the case may be.

In a general manner, while I have, in the above description, disclosed what I deem to be practical and efilcient embodiments of the present invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, disposition, and form of the parts without departing from the principle of the present invention as comprehended within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:-

lQIn a drilling machine including a tool supporting carriage and an arm of fixed position, means for guiding said carriage parallel to said arm, and a support for the piece of work adapted to be secured in fixed position with respect to said arm, whereby the piece of work can be acted upon by the tool, the combination of a rule carriage by said arm parallel to the path of said carriage, said rule being provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length and in different radial planes, and being rotatable about its axis with respect to said arm, and a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on said carriage adapted to engage into the holes of the rule located opposite it, successively for holding temporarily said carriage in fixed position with respect to said arm.

2. In a drilling machine including a tool supporting carriage,'an arm of fixed position, means for guiding said carriage parallel to said arm, and a support for the piece of work adapted to be secured in fixed position with respect to said arm, whereby the piece of work can be acted upon by the tool, the combination of a rule carried by said arm parallel to the path of said carriage, movable to a plurality of positions along said arm and rotatable about its longitudinal axis with respect to said arm, said rule being provided with series of holes distributed along its length and located in different radial planes, and a sliding pin elas- 3. In a drilling machine including a tool supporting carriage, an arm of fixed position, means for guiding said carriage parallel to said arm, and a support for the piece of work adapted to be secured in fixed position with respect to said arm, whereby the piece of work can be acted upon by the tool, the combination of a rule carried by said arm parallel to the path of said carriage, rotatable-about its longitudinal axis with respect to said arm, said rule being made of polygonal cross section, with series of holes distributed along its length on its respective faces, and a sliding pin elastically mounted on said carriage adapted to engage into the series of holes of the face of the rule located in front of it, for temporarily locking said carriage with respect to said arm in predetermined positions, corresponding to the drilling of holes in the piece of work.

4. A combination according to claim 3 in which said rule is movable to'a plurality of positions of all said holes on said rule with respect to the work support.

5. A combination according to claim 3 further including means for locking said rule longitudinally with respect to said arm in either of two respective positions at a predetermined distance from each other.

6. A combination according to claim 3 further including means for locking said rule longitudinally with respect to said arm in either of two respective positions for each face of the rule at a distance from each other equal to one half of the distance between two consecutive holes in the row of holes for such face. I

7. In a drilling machine comprising a tool supporting carriage movable along an arm, means for guiding said carriage in a first direction parallel to said arm, a support for the piece of work, and guiding means between said arm and support for relatively moving said last-mentioned members with respect to each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first one, the combinationof a rule carried by one of the members which are relatively movable in one of the above-mentioned directions, parallel to said direction, said rule being provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length and in different radial planes, and being rotatable about its axis, and a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on the other member. adapted to engage into the holes of the rule located opposite it, successively for temporarily holding said carriage in fixed position with respect to said firstmentioned member.

8. In a drilling machine comprising a tool supporting carriage movable along an arm, means for guiding said carriage in a first direction parallel to said arm, a support for the piece of work, and guiding means between said arm and support for relatively moving said last-mentioned members with respect to each other in a second direction perpendicular to the first one, the combination of a rule carried by one of the members which are relatively movable in one of the along said arm whereby to vary the relationship above-mentioned directions, parallel to said direc tion, said rule being provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length and in different radial planes, and being rotatable about its axis, a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on the other member, adapted to engage into the holes of the rule located opposite it, successively for temporarily holding said carriage in fixed position with respect to said firstmentioned membena second rule carried by one of the members which are relatively movable in the other direction, parallel to said direction, said second rule being provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length, and a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on the other member, adapted to engage into the holes oi said second rule located opposite it.

p 9. In a drilling machine including a tool supporting carriage and an arm of fixed position, means for guiding said carriage parallel to said arm, and a support for the piece of work adapted to be secured in fixed position with respect to said arm, whereby the piece of work can be acted upon by the tool, the combination of a rule carried by said arm parallel to the path of said carriage, said rule being provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length and in different radial planes, and being rotatable about its axis with respect to said arm, a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on said car-v riage adapted to engage into the holes of the rule located opposite it, successively for holding temporarily said carriage in fixed position with respect to said arm, a second fixed rule perpendicular to said arm and provided with holes formed therein at-given intervals along its length, and a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on said support adapted to engage into the holes of said second rule located opposite it, successively for temporarily holding said carriage in fixed position.

10. In a drilling machine including a tool supporting carriage, a movable arm, a fixed support for the piece of work, means for guiding said carriage parallel to said arm and means for guiding said arm with respect to the ground, the

combination of a rule carried by said arm parallel to the path of said carriage, said rule being provided with holes formed therein at given in-v tervals along its length and in difierent radial planes, and being rotatable about its axis with respect to said arm, a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on said carriage adapted to engage into the holes of the rule located opposite it, successively for holding temporarily said carriage in fixed position with respect to said arm, a second fixed rule perpendicular to said arm and provided with holes formed therein at given intervals along its length, and a sliding stop pin elastically mounted on said arm adapted to engage into the holes of said second rule located opposite it, successively for temporarily holding said arm in fixed position.

MARCEL PEGARD.