US2281589A - Moistureproof wrapping material - Google Patents
Moistureproof wrapping material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2281589A US2281589A US339493A US33949340A US2281589A US 2281589 A US2281589 A US 2281589A US 339493 A US339493 A US 339493A US 33949340 A US33949340 A US 33949340A US 2281589 A US2281589 A US 2281589A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- moistureproofing
- sheet
- film
- cellulose
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 43
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 57
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 49
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenone Chemical compound C=C=O CCGKOQOJPYTBIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 19
- WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diketene Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)O1 WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- -1 acids ketene dimers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- SZPHJWIVTRIHBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadec-1-en-1-one Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C=O SZPHJWIVTRIHBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920013620 Pliolite Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013351 cheese Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FONOSWYYBCBQGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene dione Chemical class O=C=C=O FONOSWYYBCBQGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012456 homogeneous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002561 ketenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960002969 oleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RNAMYOYQYRYFQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4,4-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-6-methoxy-n-(1-propan-2-ylpiperidin-4-yl)-7-(3-pyrrolidin-1-ylpropoxy)quinazolin-4-amine Chemical compound N1=C(N2CCC(F)(F)CC2)N=C2C=C(OCCCN3CCCC3)C(OC)=CC2=C1NC1CCN(C(C)C)CC1 RNAMYOYQYRYFQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexyl phthalate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)C=1C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000002636 Manilkara bidentata Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920013820 alkyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016302 balata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JSEMCPMTAXQTJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-1-en-1-one Chemical class CCC=C=O JSEMCPMTAXQTJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N caproleic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=C KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006471 dimerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000025 natural resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229960002703 undecylenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/12—Aldehydes; Ketones
- D06M13/13—Unsaturated aldehydes, e.g. acrolein; Unsaturated ketones; Ketenes ; Diketenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/0427—Coating with only one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/043—Improving the adhesiveness of the coatings per se, e.g. forming primers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/06—Cellulose hydrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2429/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
- C08J2429/12—Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ketones
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31801—Of wax or waxy material
- Y10T428/31804—Next to cellulosic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/3188—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31884—Regenerated or modified cellulose
- Y10T428/31891—Where addition polymer is an ester or halide
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
- Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
Definitions
- the resulting sheet of softened regenerated cellulose coated or sized with an insoluble deposit of the ketone dimer was. after conditioning to bring it to the desired moisture content. coat ed with a moistureprooflns composition of the by passing it therethrough. The excess of the moistureproofing coating composition was removed by scraping, and the coated sheet dried at a temperature above the melting point of the wax. The finished web was again conditioned to bring it to the desired moisture content.
- the resulting product was a sheet of regenerated cellulose with a moistureproofing coating which was substantially odorless, transparent, flexible and moistureproof.
- the moistureproofing coating adhered very tenaciovsly to the sheet when in direct contact with water for very substantial periods of time (3 days or more).
- the moistureproofing coating was found to loosen and flake off in a period of 6 hours when subjected to contact with water.
- the product hav- 1 ing the anchored coating served as a very satisfactory wrapping for products containing large amounts of water or moisture, such as butter, cheese, wet fish, frozen fish, ice cream and the like, even when in direct contact therewith.
- Example II A film prepared as described in Example I and softened with ethylene glycol, was treated with a The excess sizing material was removed by Per cent Linseed oil acids ketene dimers 5 Ethyl cellulose 0.5 Toluene 94.5
- the film was found to be transparent and completely tack-free. It could be stored for considerable periods of time without exhibiting any tendencies for adjacent sheets to stick together.
- This material was coated with a moistureproofing composition of the following formulation:
- moistureproof sheet wrapping material which'retained its coating in a firmly adherent condition in excess of 1 week when subjected to direct contact with water.
- Example III Regenerated cellulose film, softened with glycerol and dried in the manner described in U. S. A.
- Patent No. 1,606,824 (Brandenberger) was sprayed with a solution comprising:
- Example V A regenerated cellulose film, softened with glycerol, was coated, by means of spraying, with a solution comprising:
- moistureproofing coating was found to adhere firmly to the base sheet even when submerged in water for a period of time considerably greater than that required to loosen the coating from a similar sheet coated with the same moistureproofing composition in which the intermediate layer of ketene dimer had been omitted.
- Example VI A regenerated cellulose film, softened with glycerol, was coated by passing it through a solution containing:
- Toluene 730 The moistureproofing coating, after removal of the solvent, was found to adhere firmly to the base sheet even when submerged in water for a period of time much greater than that required to loosen a similar coating from a similar base sheet in which there was no intermediate layer of ketene dimer.
- Example VII A regenerated cellulose film softened with glycerol, was sized by passing through a solution of:
- the moistureproofing coating was found to adhere firmly to the base sheet 'even when submerged in-water for a' period of time considerably greater than that required to loosen the coating from a similar sheet coated with the same moistureproofing composition in which the intermediate layer of ketene dimer had been omitted.
- Example VIII A regenerated cellulose film softened with glycerol was coated by passing through a solution containing:
- Pliolite is a thermoplastic rubber derivative made by condensing rubber with a catalyst such as tin tetrachloride (see Pa er Trade Journal, page 96, February 23, 1939, J. l. E. XXVI, 125, and U. s. A. Patents Nos. 1,797,188, 1,846,247, 1,853,334 and 2,052,391). The chemical structure is also described in Rubber Age, April 1939, and J. I. E. c. XIX, 1033.
- the moistureproofing coating was found to adhere firmly to the base sheet even when submerged in water for a period of time considerably greater than that required to loosen the coating from a similar sheet coated with the same moistureproofing composition in which the intermediate layer of ketene dimer had been omitted.
- this invention contemplates any transparent, water-sensitive, non-fibrous cellulosic sheet, especially those containing water miscible softening agents (glycerol, glycol, etc.).
- This includes cellulosic film regenerated or precipitated from aqueous alkaline cellulosic dispersions or solutions, for example, regenerated cellulose precipitated from viscose (solutions of cellulose xanthate), cuprammonium cellulose and cellulose ethers and esters, which ethers and esters have not been substituted to an extent or degree sufiicient to cause them to loose their water sensitivity, such as glycol cellulose, cellulose glycolic acid, alkyl cellulose (preferably methyl or ethyl cellulose), and similar celluloslc products.
- anchorage of moistureproofing coatings on regenerated cellulose and like film is obtained by an ethenone material anchoring coat.
- anchor or equivalents (anchoring, anchored, etc.) is meant the securing of the surface coating to the base in such a way that the resultant product will withstand the deleterious eifects of water (or moisture).
- the surface coating will not loosen and/or flake off from the water sensitive base when the product is directly in contact with water for appreciable and substantial periods of time (several days when immersed in water at 20 (3.).
- Whether a substance is an anchoring agent or not is easily shown, for example, by comparing the time of immersion in water required to loosen a moistureproof coating which has been coated over a sub-layer of the substance, with the time required to bring about the same loosening with the same moistureproofing coating in the absence of the sub-layer of the substance being tested.
- the ethenones of these Sauer applications are of two general types, namely, aldoethenones, in which only one methylene hydrogen is replaced or substituted, and ketoethenones, in which both methylene radicals have been replaced.
- aldoethenones in which only one methylene hydrogen is replaced or substituted
- ketoethenones in which both methylene radicals have been replaced.
- the more important subdivisions of the aldoethenone group are the alkylethenones and acylethenones.
- the main sub-generic groups are the dialkylethenones and the acylalkylethenones.
- the ethenones can be formed by the dimerization of the corresponding ketenes, and may therefore also be called ketene dimers.”
- the preferred radicals are derived from propionic, butyric, caprylic, lauric, stearic, keto-stearic, undecylenic, oleic, linoleic, drying oil acids and fish oil acids.
- a long list of specific ethenones and their formulae are disclosed in U. S. A. patent application Serial No. 234,842, filed October 3, 1938, by Handford, to which reference is made in the interest of brevity.
- Application of the ethenone material to the base sheet may be made by any of the conventional coating or sizing procedures, as for example, with applicator rolls, by dipping or immersing the sheet in a bath of the material, by brushing a solution on the sheet, by spraying the solution on a sheet, or any other convenient, means. After application of the under-coating composition it may be smoothed and the excess removed in any suitable manner, as for example, by doctor knives, squeeze rolls, etc.
- a preferred concentration range is 2% to 5%.
- the ethenone material may be applied in pure form as a melt.
- the solvent is evaporated after application of the solution, preferably at temperatures above normal room temperature, but not exceeding 125 0. It is desirable that the anchoring coat set up to a hard tack-free state in three to five minutes or less at a temperature of between '70 and 110 C. if
- ethenone material which will produce a film or size of a fair degree of flexibility, is preferred.
- the under-coat usually is extremely thin, being often within the range 0.00001 to 0.00003 of an inch in thickness.
- the heat necessary (if any) to condition the ethenone treated sheet material for receiving its final moistureproofing coating may be applied in a variety of ways, as for example, by bringing the cellulosic sheet into contact with heated drier rolls (or other heated surfaces), or by leading the sheet (or web) through a heated atmosphere in some other manner (U. S. A. Patent No. 2,115,132, Alles 8: Edwards).
- certain other substances non-reactive with the other ethenone material, may be combined therewith.
- These include natural resins, synthetic resins, waxes, wax-like materials, cellulose substitution derivatives such as cellulose esters, cellulose ethers and the like. stances serve the specific purposes of giving desirable surface characteristics, such as non-tackiness, during subsequent operations, an increase in moistureproofness of the final product, etc.
- Dyes and/or pigments may be added to either,
- the intermediate or moistureproofing layer or both.
- the moistureproofing coating composition com prises organic solvent soluble binder material from the group comprising cellulose substitution derivatives (cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, etc.) rubbery materials (rubber, balata, isoprene, neoprene, etc.), and polymerized alpha-beta unsaturated acid esters (alkyl methacrylates, etc.); moistureproofing material (waxes, waxy material, etc.) blending material and the plasticizing material, and it is applied from solution in an organic solvent.
- organic solvent soluble binder material from the group comprising cellulose substitution derivatives (cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, etc.) rubbery materials (rubber, balata, isoprene, neoprene, etc.), and polymerized alpha-beta unsaturated acid esters (alkyl methacrylates, etc.); moistureproofing material (waxes, waxy material, etc.) blending material and the plasticizing material, and it is applied from
- the preferred moistureproofing coating compositions are those of U. S. A. Patents No. 1,737,187 (Charch & Prindle), 2,077,400 (Collins), 2,137,636 (Barrett), and the like.
- any wax (used generically to include waxy substances like paraffin wax, as well as true waxes which are monohydric alcohol esters of higher fatty acids) may be employed.
- the constituents are dissolved in a solvent (a single organic liquid or mixture of liquids, as is expedient) to give a clear, homogeneous solution which may be smoothly'applied to the surface of the sized or coated base in a layer sufficiently thin that the'solids (resulting from evaporation of the solvent) will produce a layer in the neighborhood, and preferably not exceeding, 0.0005 of an inch in thickness.
- a solvent a single organic liquid or mixture of liquids, as is expedient
- the application of the moistureproofing coating may be accomplished by any suitable manner, such as application from a melt or solution in organic solvent. Passing the base film through a bath of the coating composition, spraying the composition on the base, etc., are preferred procedures.
- any excess of the coating may be removed in any desired manner, such as by doctor knives, doctor rolls, etc.
- Various coatin procedures are known in the art, and in the interest of brevity need not be reviewed here.
- Patents No. 1,826,6967-8-9 Clearer films are obtained when the coated film is chilled rapidly after evaporation of the solvent from the coating.
- the invention comprehends the coating of still other bases, such as rayon fabrics and the like, in order to anchor surface coatings thereto.
- the present invention may be employed to improve the anchorage of various coattioned heretofore, for example, paper, cotton cloth, and the like, which are water sensitive.
- various coattioned heretofore for example, paper, cotton cloth, and the like, which are water sensitive.
- the ethenone material improves the adhesion between the coating and the base.
- the ethenone material sizes may be used satisfactorily where the final coating is of a discontinuous character, as for example, in the printing of colors, symbols, indicia, advertisements, etc.
- regenerated cellulose sheets, tubes, caps, sausage casings, etc. when coated or sized with the ethenone material, may be printed with printing ink either having a lacquer base or a drying oil base for giving any desired indicia, and after drying, the printing adheres securely to the base even after being subjected to rigid washing, boiling and other process steps.
- the present invention effects the production of flexible, substantially odorless, non-fibrous, non-porous, cellulosic sheet material having a moistureproofing coating securely anchored thereto, which is resistant to deterioration when subjected to the action of liquid water over long periods of time.
- a further advantage is the adaptability of the process of the invention to the equipment now used in the production of regenerated cellulose film and the like, without necessitating a substantial change in the design-of such equipment. Still further advantages are lower cost, minimum waste and greater efficiency.
- the composite films of the present invention in the absence of pigments, have a high degree of transparency.
- Moistureproofness, moistureproofing and moistureproof materials and expressions are defined in U. S. A. Patent No. 2,147,180 (Ubben). In the interest of brevity the definitions are not'repeated here. The terms and expressions related thereto and employed herein are used in accordance with such definitions.
- a moistureproof wrapping material sheet comprising a regenerated cellulose base sheet having a moistureproofing coating adhered thereto with a layer of ethenone material of the formula:
- R and Z are aliphatic groups
- R and Z are aliphatic groupsfand thereafter over-coating the ketene dimer layer with a moistureproofing coating.
- Per cent Oleic acid ketene dimer 5 Toluene 95 drying, coating with a moistureproofing coating composition comprising essentially:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE442159D BE442159A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1940-06-08 | ||
US339493A US2281589A (en) | 1940-06-08 | 1940-06-08 | Moistureproof wrapping material |
DEK161251D DE752714C (de) | 1940-06-08 | 1941-05-29 | Verankerung von Lackschichten auf wasserquellbaren Folien |
CH231939D CH231939A (de) | 1940-06-08 | 1941-07-04 | Verfahren zum Verankern eines wasserabstossenden Überzugs auf einem wasserquellbaren Gebilde. |
FR874945D FR874945A (fr) | 1940-06-08 | 1941-08-30 | Procédé d'imperméabilisation de pellicules perméables à l'eau |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US339493A US2281589A (en) | 1940-06-08 | 1940-06-08 | Moistureproof wrapping material |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2281589A true US2281589A (en) | 1942-05-05 |
Family
ID=23329249
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US339493A Expired - Lifetime US2281589A (en) | 1940-06-08 | 1940-06-08 | Moistureproof wrapping material |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2281589A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
BE (1) | BE442159A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CH (1) | CH231939A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (1) | DE752714C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
FR (1) | FR874945A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465337A (en) * | 1944-11-01 | 1949-03-29 | Du Pont | Process of preparing ketenes |
US2627477A (en) * | 1949-10-06 | 1953-02-03 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Higher alkyl ketene dimer emulsion |
US2820719A (en) * | 1952-08-27 | 1958-01-21 | Davies Young Soap Company | Process for rendering fabrics water repellent |
DE1191682B (de) * | 1954-08-23 | 1965-04-22 | Warren S D Co | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Streichpapier |
US3189480A (en) * | 1961-04-25 | 1965-06-15 | Beiersdorf P & Co Ag | Pressure sensitive adhesive sheet material with diketene-acrylic acid ester copolymer coating |
-
0
- BE BE442159D patent/BE442159A/xx unknown
-
1940
- 1940-06-08 US US339493A patent/US2281589A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1941
- 1941-05-29 DE DEK161251D patent/DE752714C/de not_active Expired
- 1941-07-04 CH CH231939D patent/CH231939A/de unknown
- 1941-08-30 FR FR874945D patent/FR874945A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2465337A (en) * | 1944-11-01 | 1949-03-29 | Du Pont | Process of preparing ketenes |
US2627477A (en) * | 1949-10-06 | 1953-02-03 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Higher alkyl ketene dimer emulsion |
US2820719A (en) * | 1952-08-27 | 1958-01-21 | Davies Young Soap Company | Process for rendering fabrics water repellent |
DE1191682B (de) * | 1954-08-23 | 1965-04-22 | Warren S D Co | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Streichpapier |
US3189480A (en) * | 1961-04-25 | 1965-06-15 | Beiersdorf P & Co Ag | Pressure sensitive adhesive sheet material with diketene-acrylic acid ester copolymer coating |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH231939A (de) | 1944-04-30 |
FR874945A (fr) | 1942-08-31 |
DE752714C (de) | 1952-10-27 |
BE442159A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1900-01-01 |
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