US2280179A - Alloy - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 21, 1942 ALLOY Jacob Trantin, Jr., Youngstown, Ohio No Drawing. Application December Serial No. 423,819

3 Claims.

This invention relates to ferrous alloys, and, more particularly, is concerned with ferrous alloys in the steel range which may readily be cast possessing properties of wear-resistance ,and scale pick-up and freedom fromheat checks and the formation of surface fissures.

Heretofore piercing plugs for piercing shell blanks, and the like, have been made from semi- 'high speed tool steel, with the semi-high speed steel being machined from a billet or forging. As a result, such plugs were expensive to manufacture due to the manufacturing and machining operations, and the waste of material involved, but, moreover, the resulting piercing plugs in operation often developed heat checks or fissures on the surfaces of the plugs. During the piercin operation the hot metal being pierced would tend to lodge in the heat checks or fissures, and such lodged metal would often objectionably mar the interior surface of the shell blanks. Of course, various efforts have been made to improve the wear-resistance and operating life of the piercing plug, and to reduce the heat checking and surface fissuring of the plug. Such experiments, so far as I am aware, have not resulted in a solution about 1.00 to 5.00'per cent chromium, 3.00 to about 10.00 per cent molybdenum, about 1.00 to about 10.00 per cent cobalt, about 1.00 to about 10.00 per cent copper, about .510 to about 2.50 per cent silicon, about .40 to about 1.00 per cent manganese, and the remainder substantially all iron. One typical heat of the alloy of my invention which possesses the improved characteristics of long wear, toughness, freedom from heat checkcomprises the following composition: carbon about .30 per cent,,chromium about 3.50 per cent, cobalt about 3.00 per cent, molybdenum about of the difliculty, due to factors of expense, breakage, and the like, and the semi-high speed tool steel plug is still generally employed for shell blank piercing.

In piercing plugs of chrome-nickel alloy used in forming seamless tubing from a billet, the chief difficulty has been lack of wear-resistance and the resulting relatively high cost of replacement.

. It is the general object of my invention to avoid and overcome the foregoing and other difliculties 5.00 per cent, copper about 1.50 per cent, silicon about 1.00 per cent, manganese about .50 per cent, and the remainder substantially all iron except for traces of other materials present as impurities and in unobjectionable amounts.

I may add about .30 to about 1.00 per cent vanadium to the alloy which serves as a scavenger and toughener. The usual percentages of $111- phur and phosphorous present in open hearth or Bessemer commercial steels are not objectionable nor are traces of other alloying agents or impurities.

, The cobalt and copper present in my alloy are believed to bear a relation to each other whereby when the cobalt content is increased the copper content can also be increased. In other words, more copper can be carried in the alloy when the cobalt content is increased.

From the foregoing it will be recognized that the objects of my invention have been achieved and that I have provided a castable ferrous alloy in the steel range adapted to act as a guiding. forming or shaping member for hot metal or other materials or articles, and, particularly adapted to function as a piercing plug for seamless tubing, shellblanks, and in other piercing operations, and characterized by freedom from which itis used, and which is adapted to be employed in conjunction with the shaping. forming, or handling of hot metal in particular, and, more broadly, other articles or materials, and characterized by wear-resistance, toughness, and

long life.

heat checking or surface fissuring, toughness, wear-resistance, long life, and without undesirable deposition of scale or hot metal thereon.

Although in accordance with the patent statutes, I have particularly described my invention, it will be understood that I am not to be limited thereto or thereby but that the scope of my invention is defined in the appended claims.

7 I claim 1. A ferrous alloy having an analysis including between about .20 to about 1.00 per cent carbon, about 1.00 to 5.00 per cent chromium, about 1.00 to about 10.00 per cent copper, about 1.00 to about 10,00 percent cobalt, 3.00 to about 10.00

cent silicon, about .40 to about 1.00 per cent manganese, and the remainder substantially all iron, said alloy being capable of being cast, and being characterized by freedom from heat checking and surface fissuring, toughness, wear-resistance, and freedom from hot metal scale pick up.

2. A ferrous alloy comprising about .30 per cent carbon, about 3.50 per cent chromium, about 3.00 10 per cent cobalt, about 5.00 per cent molybdenum,

. about 1.50 percent copper, about 1.00 per cent silicon, about .50 per cent manganese, and the remainder substantially all iron, said alloy being characterized by freedom from heat checking and 15 2,280,179 per cent molybdenum, about .40 to about 2.50 per surface fissuring, toughness, wear-resistance, and freedom from hot-metal deposit thereon.

3. A piercing plug for piercing seamless tubing, shell blanks, and the like, and having an analysis including between .20 and 1.00 per cent carbon, 1.00 to 5.00 per cent chromium, 3.00 to 10.00 per cent molybdenum, 1.00 to 10.00 per cent cobalt, 1.00 to 10.00 per cent copper, .40 to 2.50 per cent silic0n,'.40 to 1.00 per cent manganese, and the remainder substantially all iron, said plug being characterized by freedom from heat checking and surface fissuring, toughness, wearresistance, and freedom from deposition of hot metal thereon. 1

J. TRANTIN, JR.