US2280096A

US2280096A - Phototypographic type body

Info

Publication number: US2280096A
Application number: US277281A
Authority: US
Inventors: George L Morrison
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-06-03
Filing date: 1939-06-03
Publication date: 1942-04-21
Anticipated expiration: 1959-04-21

Description

April 21 l942- G. l.. MoRRlscN Y 2,280,096

PHOTOTYPOGRAPHI C TYPE` BODY Filed June 3, 1939 vPatented Apr. 21, 1942 *UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,280,096 PHOTOTYPOGRAPHIC TYPE BODY George L. Morrison, Evanston, Ill. Application June 3, 1939, Serial No. 277,281

15 Claims.

My invention relates more particularly to light pervious character-bearing type bodies for use in producingphotographic copy.

These type bodies would be provided in fonts as in the case of matrices for assembly into a line from which slugs are cast with the desired characters thereon foruse in printing with ink, and would be assembled, in the proper position for photographing the images thereon, in a holder into which the type bodies would be inserted and cn' which theywould rest.

The invention furthermore more particularly relates to such type bodies, whether bearing a negative or a positive image, those sides of which at the outer surface of the line thereof when so assembled and the ears thereof when provided to form means for seating the type bodies on a composing stick, are required to be opaque to the light rays employed for illuminating the images on the type bodies.

Such type bodies as will be manifest would thus be subjected to hard wear in the removal and replacement thereof in the fonts and in the holders for receiving them for assembly into a line for use;'and unless adequate provision is \made for such wear, which in the case of mere coatings would soon impair the type bodies for use because of light-leakage, they would be rendered unt for continued and repeated use.

One of my objects is to provide a construction of type body of the general character above stated which will be highly resistant to wear in the handling of the same in the insertion of the bodies into the font-cases and into the holders in which they are assembled for use and in the withdrawal 5 of the same therefrom, thereby avoiding such impairment of the type bodies, in their continued use,l as would result in light-leakage therethrough. p

Another object is to provide a construction of type body whereby the only possible radiation of light therethrough to the image on the type body is through a predetermined channel in the type body and which by preference is of a crosssectional area proportional to the size of the image presented by the type body; and other objects as will be manifest from the following description.

Generally stated I provide the type bodies, in accordance with my invention, each as a lamil nated structure formed of a central-light-pervious lamination, either transparent or translucent, bearing the image of the character to be photographically reproduced, and lateral or side lami- Y nations ofy material opaque to the light to be employed; these several laminations being secured Vtogether to form a unitary type body; the lateral or side laminations referred to constituting those portions which are exposed at opposite exterior sides of the line of type bodies when assembled to form a line for photographic reproduction, and in the case of type bodies having ears as hereinbefore referred to, also constituting the ears which thus formparts of the lateral or side laminations.

Referring to the accompanying drawing:

Figure l is a perspective view of a type body for a relatively short image and embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a similar view of a type body for al relatively tall image.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a composing stick with a line of my improved type bodies assembled therein for use.

Figure 4 is a section taken at the line 4 on Fig. 3 and viewed in the direction o the arrow; and

Figure 5; a sectional view of a modification of the type bodies ofthe preceding figures.

As a preface to the following detailed description of the illustrated structures, it may be stated that in the use of the transparent or translucent type bodies each of which has oppositely extending ears at one yend at the sides thereof which are at the outer surface of the type bodies when assembled in a line and is provided at its opposite end face with the image to be photographically copied, the type bodies are selected from a font thereof, in which they may rest at the ears, and inserted into a holder to form the desired line thereof for photographic reproduction either by contact printing or projection, the type bodies being clamped tightly together.

In accordance with the particular disclosure in the drawing the holder referred to is in the form of a composing stick represented at 6 and provided as a structure separate from the main portion of the phototypographic apparatus. The stick 6 has a central elongated slot 1 to receive the type bodies represented at 8 which seat at the undersurfaces of ears 9 thereon, hereinbefore referred to, on the longitudinalA walls of the lslot 1 which form ledges, the images presented by the type bodies and shown as negative images and represented at l0 being exposed along the underside of the stick. Any suitable clamping means for the type bodies are provided, those shown comprising a follower Il movable in the slot 1 and actuated by a nut I2 rotatable on the stick and held against lengthwise movement, and

paratus or by projection of the illuminated image-bearing surfaces to a light-sensitive surface by a camera arrangement, a photographic Copy of the line of images would be produced; where successive lines of images are to be photographically copied, by composing the several lines of type bodies in different sticks 6 and applying them in succession and in the proper sequence, to the exposure-opening of the phototypographic apparatus1 successive portions of the light-sensitive surface being caused to register with the exposure-opening, each line of type bodies 6 being exposed to suitable light for illuminating the images I thereon upon being registered with the exposure-opening.

Referring to the particular construction of type body shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the type body 8 comprises a central transparent or translucent lamination I4. the opposite side walls of which are parallel, and side, or lateral, opaque laminations I flanking the .central lamination I4 and provided with the ears 9 for the purpose above explained, the central and lateral laminations being of the same width, as measured in the direction of the full-line arrow in Fig. 2, and preferably of the same depth, as measuredin the direction of the dotted arrow in this gure and secured together and forming a unitary body.

The side laminations l5 thus define a transparent or translucent channel, having substantially parallel walls, from the end of the type body 8 at which the illuminating light rays enter the type body to the face of the type body at its opposite end bearing the image I!) to be illuminated for photographing. It is desirable that. this light channel be not of substantially greater cross-sectional area than the area of the image l0; therefore for the shorter ones of the images lll of a font of the type bodies the central lamination I4 may be of relatively small cross sectional area as shown in Fig. 1 and for the taller images of relatively larger cross sectional area, as shown in Fig. 2. In any event the overall dimensions of the type body would be such that the side or lateral laminations l5 of the taller images would be of sucient thickness'to serve the intended purpose. The sides of the central lamination I4 which oppose the corresponding sides of the central laminations I4 of. adjacent type bodies, when assembled in a line, may be dyed if desired, to render them opaque.

The type bodies 8 may be made of any suitable material. By way of example, and preferably, the several laminations of each type body are made of any suitable plastic or plastics such as for example cellulose acetate, which for the central lamination I4 would be transparent or translucent and for the side laminations I5 would be opaque as by mixing vany suitable opaque dye with the plastic' in preparing it for USE.

Where the material of lwhichthe laminations are made permits, as in the case of cellulose ace tate, the laminations may be united into the desired unitary type-body structure, by treating the surfaces at which the laminations are to be united, with any suitable solvent of the material of which the laminations are made, as for example, in the case of cellulose acetate, treating them with acetone, the surfaces being then placed together and pressure applied to press them together, resulting in a perfect bond between the laminations. If desired, and as a further instance of material for uniting the laminations, any suitable glue might be used; and heat and pressure with or without a suitable solvent or adhesive in the joints between the laminations may also be used to produce desirable joints.

As will be understood in order to obtain accuracy all parts of the type body should have the same coefficient of expansion and contraction to ensure against a dimensional change of one part of the type body in relation to another part and thereby avoid the occurrence of any spaces between the transparent or translucent central laminations I4 of adjacent bodies when assembled in a line which might cause light-streaks to be produced. The making of all laminations of the type body of the saine material, dyeing such thereof as is to be used in making the side laminations, causes the expansion and contraction of all laminations to be uniform and thus no dimensional change in one lamination relative to another will occur.

The invention, however, is not limited, as to certain phases thereof, to the making of all or any of the laminations of a plastid By way of example, the transparent or translucent lamination i4 may be made of a suitable plastic and the side laminations I5 of other material such, as for example, metal bonded to the central lamination, provided there are not great o'iierences in the shrinkage factors of the two materials used.

Furthermore, instead of providing the laminations with straight surfaces at which the joints between them are made, provision may be made for keying the laminations together as by providing a series of grooves, preferably dovetailed, in certain of the laminations as shown at I6 in Fig. 5 (these grooves being shown in the side laminations I5) into which tongues shown at I'I, on the other lamination or laminations as the case may be (the tongues being shown on the central lamination I4) extend and interlock with the Walls of the grooves I6. Where a plastic is used for either the central lamination or the side laminations, or for all laminations, the plastic for forming the lamination or laminations to be applied to the preformed lamination having the grooves or tongues, may be flowed in heated condition and under pressure into keyed relation to the preformed lamination or laminations to become keyed thereto.

As will be understood, type bodies made in accordance with my invention present high wearresistance, those parts of the type bodies which are subjected to wear being formed as opaque laminations of such thickness that they will not Wear through to the transparent or translucent portions of the type bodies in normal use and thus prevent light leakage.

While I have illustrated and described certainparticular embodiments of my invention I do not wish to be understood as intending to limit it thereto as the same may be variously modified and altered and the invention embodied in other spirit of my invention.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A light-pervious type body comprising a central light-pervious lamination and lateral opaque liminations, each of said laminations being formed of a plastic, said laminations being bonded together at opposing surfaces to form a homogeneous integral unit.

2. A light-pervious type body comprising a central light-pervious lamination and lateral opaque laminations, said lateral laminations being provided as separate parts, one surface of each of the pairs of opposed surfaces at the joints between said laminations containing,

grooves and the other surface thereof having tongues extending into said grooves said central lamination and said lateral laminations being of the same width. f

`3. lA light pervious type body comprising a central light-pervious lamination and lateral opaque laminations, and means keying said laminations together, certain of said laminations being formed of a plastic owed into engagementwith the other or others of said laminations.

4. A light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, said laminations being secured together to form a unitary structure, said laminations being of the same character of material adapt-ing thev laminations to be integrated into a homogeneous mass.

5. A light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations having oppositely extending e'ars of opaque material, said laminations being secured together to form a unitary structure, said laminations being of the same character of material adapting the laminations to be integrated into a homogeneous mass.

6. A light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, said laminations being of material having the same coefficient of expansion and contraction and being secured together to form a unitary structure.

7. vA light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, each of said laminations being formed of a plastic and secured together to form a unitary structure, the material forming said lateral laminations having a dye interspersed therethrough to render said lateral laminations opaque.

8. A light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, the'surfaces of said central lamination at the joints between said laminations being substantially parallel and spaced apart proportionately to the size of the image to be presented by the type body.

10. A light-pervious type body comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, said lateral laminations being provided as parts separate from each other and secured to said central lamination at opposite sides thereof to form a unitary structure, said central laminations and said lateral laminations being of the same width and depth.

11. A light-pervious type body suitable for use in either contact or projection photo printing comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, said lateral laminations being provided as parts separate from each other and secured to said central lamination at opposite sides thereof to form a unitary structure, said central lamination and said lateral laminations being of the same Width.

12. A light-pervious type body suitable for use in either contact or projection photo printing comprising a central light pervious lamination and lateral opaque laminations provided as parts separate from each other, said central and lateral laminations being secured together and each formed of a plastic.

13. A light-pervious type body suitable for use in either contact or projection photo printing comprising a light-pervious lamination and lateral opaque laminations provided as parts separate from each other and means keying said laminations together. f

14. A light-pervious type body suitable for use in either contact or projection photo printing comprising a central lamination of light-pervious lateral laminations of opaque material, and means keying said laminations together, opposing surfaces'of said laminations being secured together.

9. A light-pervious type body comprising a material and lateral laminations having oppositely extending ears of opaque material, said lateral laminations being provided as parts separate from each other and secured to said central lamination at opposite sides thereof to form a unitary structure, said central lamination and said lateral laminations being of the same width. 4 15. A light-pervious type body suitable for use in either contact or projection'photo printing comprising a central lamination of light-pervious material and lateral laminations of opaque material, said lateral laminations being provided as parts separate from each other and secured to said central lamination atl opposite sides thereof and said central lamination and said lateral laminations being of the same width, the surfaces of said central lamination at the joints between said laminations being substantially parallel. l

- GEORGE L. MORRISON.