US2279740A

US2279740A - Pump, compressor, or the like

Info

Publication number: US2279740A
Application number: US279924A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr George A Matteson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-06-19
Filing date: 1939-06-19
Publication date: 1942-04-14
Anticipated expiration: 1959-04-14

Description

April 1942- e. A. MATTEsoN, JR ,2

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. oR THE LIKE Filed June 19, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 1' April 14, 1942.

G. A. MATTESON, JR

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. OR THE LIKE 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 19, 1939- hiie' zize' April 14, 1942.

G. A. MATTESON, JR

PUMP, COMPRESSOR. OR THE LIKE Filed June 19, 1939 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Apr. 14, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,279,740 PUMP, COMPRESSOR, on THE LIKE George A. Matteson, Jr., Saunderstown, R. I.

Application June 19, 1939, Serial No. 279,924 16 Claims. (c1.1'0s 145) The present invention relates to a device for compressing or pumping fluids. It is to be understood, however, that the invention is not limited to' such uses as a pump or compressor but may also be employed as an engine, meter or the like.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a device of the type indicated having a piston in the form of a disk adapted to oscillate as it reciprocates in .a work-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type indicated wherein the oscillation of the piston controls the intake and exhaust of fluid to and from the work-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type indicated in which the pistondisk is directly driven by eccentric means to cause it to oscillate about its center as it reciprocates along the axis of the chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type indicated wherein ports in the piston-disk move in closed orbits andregister with intake andexhaust ports arranged in said orbits on the casing to control the intake and exhaust of fluid to and from the work-chamber.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type indicated which is doubleacting in that the piston is adapted to pump and compress fluids in the work-chamber during its movement in either direction.

Still another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type indicated which is of extremely simple construction and comprising few parts to adapt it for economical manufacture while at the same time being efficient in performing its intended functions.

Further objects of the invention are set forth in the following specification which describes a preferred embodiment of the invention, by way of example, as illustrated by the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a pump incorporating the novel features of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view through the pump illustrating the piston at one end of the work-chamber and showing the valve-ports in the piston positioned between the intake and exhaust ports in the casing;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the eccentric driving means for the piston rotated 90 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2 and indicating the combined reciprocation and oscillation of the piston-disk to register the ports in the piston-disk with the intake and exhaust ports at opposite ends of the casing;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the relative position of the piston and valve-ports after the eccentric driving means has been rotated 180 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2;

' Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the combined reciprocation and oscillation of V the piston-disk in a reverse direction by rotation of the eccentric driving means 2'70 from the position illustrated in Fig. 2 and showing the ports in the piston in registry with the intake and exhaust ports opposite from those illustrated in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional'view on line 66 of Fig. 2 showing the eccentric driving means seated in a circular recess in the piston;

Fig. 7- is a transverse sectional view on line l'| of Fig. 3' showing the ports in the piston in registry with one of the pairs of intake and exhaust ports in the casing;

Fig-8 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a modified form of construction incorporating shoes at the opposite sides of the piston-disk;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 illustrating the eccentric driving means rotated from the position illustrated in- Fig. 8 and showing the fluid being compressed and exhausted from the compartment at one end of the chamber and entering the compartment at the opposite end of the chamber;

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 illustrating the eccentric driving means rotated from the position illustrated in Fig. 8 and showing the piston at the opposite end of the chamber;

Fig. ll is a transverse sectional view on line H-ll of Fig. 10 showing the rectangular form of the ends of the shoes and the fluid-port there-' between; and I Fig, 12 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a lubrication system for the pump.

The present invention comprises in general an elongate chamber and a piston of disk form adapted to reciprocate and oscillate in said chamber. The disk may engage directly with the side walls of the chamber or shoes may be provided between the disk and casing, but in either case the piston means is in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber to divide it into separate compartments. An eccentric driving means is seated in acircular recess in the piston-disk casing. In other words; the piston itself constitutes the valves for controlling the intake and exhaust of fluidsto and from the chamber.

The embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7 of the drawings comprises a casing 2 having a work-chamber 3 formed therein. Preferably, the casing 2 consists of a body-member 4 having a central opening therein of the desired contour to, form the chamber 3 and

closure plates

5 and ,6 at the opposite sides of the body -member. The :b'ody-member 4- and

closure plates

5 and 6 are held in assembled relationship by means of bolts I extending through the parts adjacent their marginal sides. It will I be understood, however, that the body-member 4 and one closure plate 5 may be made. integral and the chamber 3 formed therein bya routing or other machining operation. Asillustrated. in 7 Figs. 2 and 6, thechamber 3 has semi-circular. walls 8 and 9 connected by parallel walls I Oin thebody-member 4 and parallelside walls formed bythe closure platesv 5; and A tubular bearing H is provided on. the; closureplate 5 having a central b'ore. I2 therein. Thewcasing 2 may be.

supported in any suitablermannerwand, as. herein illustrated, the closure plates 5v and-16 have lateralfeet l3with'holes I4 therein for adapting the casing to be bolted to any" suitable support. The body-member 4 and. closure plates 5. and Gmay be. cast and machined,but preferably they are manufactured fromsheet-metal with the feet I3 7 and bearing welded thereto.

The closure plate Ehas opposite pairs of intake.

ports

20, 2| andiexhaust ports 22,.23' formed therein. As illustrated in Figs. 2 and '7 the ports 20, '2 L22 and 23 are inithezform of recessedslots with the'pair' of intake ports 2|J=and2| arranged on one side of the longitudinal axis ofthe' chamber 3 and the pair of exhaust ports 22. and23 arranged on. the opposite side of 'said axis. The

intake and exhaust'portsv 20. and 22 are arranged opposite each other adjacent one end of the chamber3,'while the intake and exhaust ports 2| and 23 are similarly arranged adjacent the opposite end of the. chamber- The opposite intake and exhaust ports. 20, 22 and 2|, 23 are located in. the orbit of movement ofrports ina piston, to be later described, and may vary in shape and size for any particular design of pump. The intake ports 20 and2|are connected to a common supply by the branched ends of a substantially Y-shaped conduit, or pipefitting 24, see Fig. 1, extending through holes in the closure plate 5 and welded or soldered thereto and the exhaust ports 22 and Rare similarly connected by a Y- shaped conduit 25.

The piston 30 is in the form of a disk mounted in' the chamber 3' and having a. radius equal to the radius of the semi-circular end walls 8 and disk. A'circular recess 31 isformed. in the disk 30 on the opposite side from the ports 33 andr34.

Thedriving means for the piston-disk 30 may comprise a drive-shaft 40 journaled in the bore I2 of the hearing I ,on the closure plate 5 and having an eccentric disk 4| formed on or secured to the inner end of the shaft. Preferably the eccentric disk 4| is made integral with the drive-shaft 40 and is adapted toseat in the circular recess 31 in the piston-disk. A pulley 42 may be connected to the drive-shaft 40 at its outer end, asby a set-screw 43, or any other suitthereon. suchi'anfarrangement would have the limitation .of relatively small capacity and a relatively small orbit of movement of the

ports

33 and 34* in, the piston 30. A- relatively great eccentricity'o f; the disk" 4| ,Withrespect to the driveshaft 40 will-give agreater'capacity anda' larger.

orbit of movement of the valve ports. 33 and 34 butrwith a reduction of the mechanicaladvantage to drive-the pistone-disk- 30 -and. an'increase in the side pressureon the piston-disk. The ad-. vantage and disadvantages approacheach other to give an optimum average of cap city, mechanical advantageand valve-port movement when the eccentricity of the disk, with. respect to the drive-shaft 40- midway between its opposite limits. It will-be understood, however, that for a particular: condition of; use of the'dev'ice a; particular relationship of the parts would be desirable. If the device were tobe used to compress gases atlow pressure a relatively large eccentricity would be. desirable, but. if the'device were. to be used to compress. gas'at a highpressure a relatively. smalleccentricity would be preferable.

The eccentricityof the disk 4| with respect to the drive-shaft, 40 may be variedfrom zero, as one limit, to a, value approaching the distance between'thecenter of the ;disk 4| and the center of the piston-disk33 as the other limit. If the eccentricityjof the disk 4| with respect to the. drive-shaft 40 is equal to the. distance between the center of the eccentric disk and the center of the piston-disk 30 the latter will rotate instead of oscillate andif theeccentricity is greater the piston-diskwill jam. against the side walls I0 of the chamber}. Between these limits of eccentricity the piston-disk. 30 will. simultaneously reciprocate and oscillate and the relative movement varies directlyv with the eccentricity.

The ends of the valve-

ports

33 and 34 in the piston-disk30 may belocatedat any point on the side thereof and their orbits of movement will vary in shape and size dependingupon their particular location. Whentheend of the port 33 is located on the piston-disk 30 .between the center of the eccentric disk. 4| and the center ofthe piston-disk its orbit will be egg-shaped and fiattened in the direction-of longitudinal movement of the piston-disk. When. located between the circle due to the combined harmonic and recipro catory motionof the latter.' The distortion of the orbit of movement of the end of the valve-port 34 froma true circle is so slight, however, as to be practically negligible. A stated above the intake and

exhaust ports

20, 2|, 22 and 23 in the coverplate 6 of the casing 2 are arranged in the orbits of movement of the ends of the valve-

ports

33 and 34 in the piston-disk 3B and the ports 2| and 23 are made slightly wider than the width of the port 34 in the piston-disk to compensate for the slight variation of its orbit of movement from a true circle. One embodiment of the pump having now been described in detail its-mode of operation is explained as follows:

Assuming the parts of the device to be in the relationship illustrated in Fig. 2, upon rotation of the drive-shaft 40 to the position illustrated in Fig. 3 the crank-arm between'the centers of the drive-shaft and the eccentric disk 4| moves from a vertical to ahorizontal position. The shifting of said crank-arm with the rotation of the eccentric disk 4| in the circular recess 3'! of'the pistondisk 30 moves the latter upwardly and simultaneously rocks it about its axis in a clockwise direction, see Fig. 3. At the beginning of the movement of the piston-disk 3B the inner ends of the

ports

33 and 34 are brought into register with the exhaust port 22 and intake port 2|, respectively, and due to the shape of said ports they continue to register as the piston-disk is simultaneously reciprocated and oscillated. During the upward movement of the piston-disk 30 the fluid in the compartment 3| is compressed and forced outwardly through the port 33 in the piston-disk, exhaust port 22 in the casing and conduit 25 connecting the exhaust ports to a suitable receiver. Simultaneously, fluid is drawn into the compartment 32 below. the piston-disk 30 through the conduit 24, intake port 2|, and port 34 in the piston-disk, the oppositeintake and exhaust ports 2|] and 23 of each pair being in sealing engagement with the side of the piston-disk.

Upon continued rotation of the drive-shaft 45 and eccentric disk 4| from the positionillustrated in Fig. 3 to that illustrated in Fig. 4 the crank-arm of the eccentric disk 4| moves from a horizontal to a vertical position causing the piston-disk 30 to continue its upward motion, but to rock in the opposite or counter-clockwise direction. During the continued upward movement of the piston-disk 30 the fluid in the compartment 3| continues to be exhausted and the compartment 32 continues to be supplied with fluid until the valve-

ports

33 and 34 in the pistondisk move out of register with the exhaust-port 22 and intake port 2|, respectively. The exhaust port 22 is preferably arranged to register with the port 33 until the piston-disk 35 has completed its upward stroke. the piston-disk 30 and the semi-circular end 8 of the chamber 3 a very close clearance is obtained. At the very end of the up-stroke of the piston-disk 30 the valve port 33' therein moves out of register with the exhaust port 22 as illus trated in Fig. 4.

As the eccentric disk 4| continues its rotation from the position shown in Fig. 4 to that shown.

in Fig. the crank-arm of the eccentric moves from a vertical to a horizontal position, but on the opposite side of the longitudinal axis of the work-chamber 3 from that previously described to move the piston-disk 3D downwardly and continue to rock it in a counter-clockwise direction.

Thus, the port 33 in the piston-disk 30 is brought Due to the circular form of into register with the intake port and port 34 is brought into register with the exhaust port 23v as shown in Fig. 5. Downward movement of the piston-disk 30 causes the fluid in the compartment 32 to exhaust through the port 34, exhaust port 23 and conduit and the compartment 3| to be supplied with fluid through the conduit 24, intake port 20 and port 33 in the piston-disk. The exhaust and intake of fluid continues during the down-stroke of the piston-disk in the same manner as explained abovewith respect to the up-stroke of the piston-disk until.

the latter returns to the position illustrated in Fig. 2.

By the above explained method of operation the device functions as a double-acting pump or compressor during each revolution of the driveshaft 4|] and the oscillation of the piston-disk 30 controls the intake and exhaust of'the fluid. It will be noted that the piston has its greatest lateral or oscillatory movement and its least reciprocatorymovement atthe ends of its stroke in either direction due to the harmonic motion of any pointon the periphery of the eccentric disk 4|. The increased lateral movement of the piston-disk 30 at the time when the

ports

33 and 34 in the latter are shifted out of registry with the

exhaust ports

22 and 23 to register with the

intake ports

20 and 2| in the casing 2, or vice versa, gives an optimum operating condition.

Figs. 8 to 11 of the drawings illustrate a modified form of construction of the device incorporating shoes at each side of a disk 5| to provide a piston of rectangular outline. In this modified construction the work-chamber 52 is of rectangular form to accommodate the rectangular piston. Preferably, the shoes 50 have arcuate faces 53 of the same radius as the periphery of the disk 5| and extend throughout substan tially the whole circumference thereof with only a slight clearance between their ends. The top 54 and bottom 55 of each shoe 50 is arranged parallel to the

ends

56 and 51 of the chamber 52 to cooperate therewith with a close fit and the sides of each shoe are adapted to slide on the

respective side walls

59 and 60 of the work-chamber 52. Arcuate recesses GI and 62 are provided on the inside face of each shoe 50 adjacent its opposite ends for cooperation with the ends of the

ports

63 and 64 in the periphery of the disk 5| and recesses 65 and 66 at the ends of the arcuate recesses provide for communication with the compartments at opposite sides of the piston.

, A lubricating system is preferably provided in the device forisupplying lubricant to the relatively movable parts and'to further act as a seal between the piston and the side walls of the chamber 3 or 52. As illustrated in Fig. 9, an oil-well in the form of a bore I0 is provided at the center of the disk 5| and the

intake ports

20 and 2| in the casing have oil-grooves'll and 12 adapted to overlie the edge of the oil-well during the combined reciprocation and oscillation of the disk. Thus, small amounts of lubricant are supplied to the compartments at opposite sides of the piston which are distributed by the movement of the piston-disk 5|. It will be understood that oil-grooves (not herein shown) may be provided in the side of the piston-disk 5! to extend radially from the oil-well 1D to the bearing surnecting: the separator withtheinteriorof the chamber. r v

The device of modified. construction illustrated in Figs. 8 to 11 operates in thesame manner as that illustrated in Figs. 1 to 7. Rotation of the,

eccentric disk 4| causes the piston-disk 5| to reciprocate and oscillate simultaneously to'compressor pump fluid and controlthe openingand closing of the intake. and exhaust ports. The periphery of the piston-disk 5!, however, bears against the shoes 50 throughout substantially its whole circumference to provide a tight seal and the shoes reciprocate on. the side walls of; the chamber 52. It is to .be noted that the pressure of the fluid acting against the'ends of the shoes 50 tends to wedge them between the disk 5! and the side wallsof the chamber 52 to provide an effective seal therebet-ween. During the com.- bined reciprocation and oscillation of the disk 5| lubricant is distributed from the oil-well. to lubricate therelativelymovable parts and it further helps to seal the pointsotcontactbetween the piston and the side walls of. the cham-' ber 5 in the casing. It will be observed from the foregoing description that the present invention provides a device particularly well adapted. for compressing or pumping fluids and which has a minimum number of parts of simple and compact construction. It will .be observed further that the invention provides a construction wherein 'a single element constitutes both a piston andthe valvesfor controlling the intake'andexhaust of fluid to and from a work-chamber.

While two embodiments only of the present invention are herein: shown and described, it is to be understood that various other modificavalveports therein, means in sealing engagement with-the parallel sidewalls of the chamber comprising a disk having'a port therein communicating with the chamber and one side of the disk, and means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating said disk, the port in'the disk moving into and out of register with the ports in the-casing during the oscillation of the disk to control theflow of fluid toand from the chamber.

5. In a deviceof the type indicated,a casing having a chamber therein with parallel side walls, a disk in said chamber, said disk having its opposite faces in sealing engagement with the parallel side walls of the chamber, means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating said disk in' a planenormal'to its axis, inlet and outlet valve ports'in the casing, and a valve port in the disk communicating with the chamber and tions may be made inthe structure and arrangement of the elements without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. r i Therefore, without limiting myself in this respect,

I claim: 1. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber therein with parallel side walls, a 'disk having its opposite flat faces engaging the parallel side walls of the chamber, and means for reciprocating and oscillatingrthe disk in the chamber, said casing having inlet and outlet ports and said disk having a port communicating with the chamber and cooperating 'with the valve ports in the casing during its reciprocation-and oscillation.

2. In a device of the type indicated, havinga chamber therein, a piston in said chamber comprising a disk dividing the chamber into separate compartments, said disk having parallel flat faces and a cylindrical periphery, means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk inthe chamber in a plane parallel to the flat faces of the disk, and valve-means communicating with the separate compartments.

3. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber'therein with inlet and outlet ports. at the side of the chamber, means in sealing engagement with the walls of said chamber to divide the latter into separate compartments comprising a disk having ports adapted for communication with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing and the compartments, and means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk in said chamber in a plane normal to the axis of the disk.

4. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber with parallel side walls and a casing.

adapted to move into and out of registry with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing during the reciprocation and oscillation of the disk.

6. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber therein, means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber comprising a disk and shoes at opposite sides of the disk having bearing surfaces engageable with the" disk and the side walls of the chamber, and means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk in the chamber, said casing having inlet and outlet ports and said sealing means having a port communicating with the chamber and the inlet and outlet ports in the casing during reciprocation and oscillation of the disk.

"7. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a rectangular chamber therein with inlet and outlet ports in one of the side walls'thereof, means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber and dividing the latter into separate compartmentsisaid means comprising a disk and shoes'at opposite sides thereof to provide a rectangular piston, and eccentric means for reciprocating and oscillating the disk, said disk having ports communicating with the separate compartments and adapted for registry with the inlet andv outlet ports in the wall of the casing as the disk is reciprocated and oscillated.

8. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a chamber and inlet and outlet ports therein, a piston in sealing engagement with the walls of thechamber comprising a disk and bearing means embracing the disk with bearing surfaces engageable with the disk and side wallsof the chamber, and means for reciprocatingand oscillating said disk in the chamber, said piston having a valve port communicating with the chamber and cooperating with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing during the reciprocation and oscillation of, the disk.

9. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having a rectangular prismoidalchamber with semi-cylindrical ends, a disk in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber and dividing the latter into separate compartments, said disk having ports atone side communicating with the separate compartments, eccentric means for simultaneously reciprocatingand oscillating the disk, and intake and exhaust ports in the casing adapted to cooperate with the ports in the disk during the oscillation of the latter.

10. In a device of the type indicated, a casing able eccentric in the recess in the disk for reciprocating and oscillating the latter, said disk having a port communicating with the chamber and the inlet and outlet ports in the casing.

11. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein, said chamber having parallel side walls with inlet and exhaust ports therein, means in sealing engagement with the parallel side walls of the chamber comprising a disk having a port communi cating with the chamber and adapted to alternately move into and out of register with the inlet and exhaust ports in the casing, and eccentric means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the disk, the alternate registration of the port in the disk with the ports in the casing being controlled by the oscillation of said disk.

12. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein, means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber comprising a disk, said disk having a circular recess and a port in the side thereof communicating with the chamber, an eccentric rotatable in the recess in the disk for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the latter in the chamber, said compound movement of said disk causing the port in the side thereof to move in a predetermined closed orbit, and intake and exhaust ports in the side of the casing arranged in the orbit of movement of the port in the disk for registry therewith.

13. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein with parallel side walls and opposite pairs of intake and exhaust ports in one side wall thereof, means in sealing engagement with the parallel side walls of the chamber dividing the latter into separate compartments, said last-named means comprising a disk having ports communicating with the opposite compartments of the chamber and the intake and exhaust ports in the side wall of the chamber, and eccentric means for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the latter, the oscillation of said disk controlling the registry of the ports in the disk with the intake and exhaust ports in the chamber.

14. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein with inlet and outlet ports at the side of the chamber, means in sealing engagement with the walls of said chamber comprising a disk having a circular recess in one side thereof and a port adapted for communication with the inlet and outlet ports in the casing and the chamber, and a driveshaft journaled in said casing and having a disk eccentrically mounted on the end thereof and seated in the recess in the first-mentioned disk, rotation of said eccentric disk causing said first-mentioned disk to simultaneously reciprocate and oscillate in the chamber.

15. In a device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein, a disk having opposite parallel flat faces mounted in the chamber, the diameter of said disk being substantially equal to the distance between the lateral walls of the chamber and its cross-sectional dimension being substantially equal to the distance between the forward and rearward walls of the chamber to adapt it for sealing engagement with the sides of the latter, means for reciprocating and oscillating said disk in the chamber in a plane parallel to the fiat faces of the disk, and valve-means communicating with the chamber.

16. Ina device of the type indicated, a casing having an elongate chamber therein, means in sealing engagement with the walls of the chamber dividing the latter into separate compartments, said means comprising a disk having a circular recess at one side of its center and opposite ports at one side thereof communicating with the separate compartments, an eccentric rotatable in the recess in the disk for simultaneously reciprocating and oscillating the latter in the chamber, said compound movement of said disk causing the ports in the side thereof to move in predetermined closed orbits, and a pair of intake ports in the side wall of the casing at one side of the longitudinal axis of the chamber and a pair of exhaust ports at the opposite side of said axis, said inlet and exhaust ports being arranged in the orbits of movement of the ports in the disk for registry therewith.

GEORGE A. MATTESON, JR.