US2272205A - Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2272205A
US2272205A US342977A US34297740A US2272205A US 2272205 A US2272205 A US 2272205A US 342977 A US342977 A US 342977A US 34297740 A US34297740 A US 34297740A US 2272205 A US2272205 A US 2272205A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
small amount
phosphorus
per cent
lubricant
beneficiation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US342977A
Inventor
Everett C Hughes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Standard Oil Co
Original Assignee
Standard Oil Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Oil Co filed Critical Standard Oil Co
Priority to US342977A priority Critical patent/US2272205A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2272205A publication Critical patent/US2272205A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M1/00—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants
    • C10M1/08—Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants with additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/062—Oxides; Hydroxides; Carbonates or bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/085—Phosphorus oxides, acids or salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/04—Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters; Ortho-carbonates
    • C10M2207/044—Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/08—Amides
    • C10M2215/082—Amides containing hydroxyl groups; Alkoxylated derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/14—Containing carbon-to-nitrogen double bounds, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/28—Amides; Imides

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvement of hydrocarbons, and particularly those which are to function as lubricants; and it is among the objects of the invention to provide increased resistance against break-down in usage involving drastic temperature or bearing pressure conditions or both. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
  • the invention comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
  • a compound containing a Man nucleus may also contain nitrogen.
  • desirable compounds are furfurin, hydrofuramide, trifurfurylamine, and for some usages the reaction products of furfural with amines, etc.
  • Furfurin for example has two replaceable hydrogen atoms and these may be substituted by alkylation, yielding particularly desirable agents also for instance.
  • the furan compounds may be incorporated in amounts of 0.01 to 1 per cent, or even up to 2 per cent, although such large amount is generally unnecessary.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of furfurin, a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides, and a small amount of a soluble ethanolamine.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen, a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides, and a small amount of a soluble ethanolamine.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen, and a, small amount of an agent from phorus sulphides.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil o1- lubricating viscosity and a small amount of trifurfurylamine, and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of hydrofuramide, and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and I phosphorus sulphides.
  • a lubricant comprising a, hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a smallv amount.
  • furfurin and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and pho's phorus sulphides.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil 01' lubricating viscosity and a small amount oi a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricatingviscosity and a small amount of. trifurfurylamine.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil a of lubricatingviscosity and a small amount of hydrofuramide.
  • a lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of'lubricating viscosity and a small amount ot furfurin.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Description

Patented Feb. 10, 1942 BENEFIGIATION or LOW vom'rnn nrnaoczmnous Everett 0. Hughes, Cleveland Heights, Ohio, assignor to The Standard Oil Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio I i No Drawing. Application June 28, 19 40, Serial N0. 342,977
Claims.
This invention relates to improvement of hydrocarbons, and particularly those which are to function as lubricants; and it is among the objects of the invention to provide increased resistance against break-down in usage involving drastic temperature or bearing pressure conditions or both. Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the invention, then, comprises the features hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention, these being indicative however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principle of the invention may be employed.
I have found that if there be incorporated with a petroleum product a small amount of a compound containing a Man nucleus the properties are materially changed and improved. Such added compound may also contain nitrogen. Illustrative of desirable compounds are furfurin, hydrofuramide, trifurfurylamine, and for some usages the reaction products of furfural with amines, etc. Furfurin for example has two replaceable hydrogen atoms and these may be substituted by alkylation, yielding particularly desirable agents also for instance. The furan compounds may be incorporated in amounts of 0.01 to 1 per cent, or even up to 2 per cent, although such large amount is generally unnecessary.
I have found, peculiarly, that if in addition to the furan compound, there also be incorporated a small amount of phosphorus or a sulphide of phosphorus, as P4s3, etc., the product has properties out of proportion to the mere additive effects of the respective substances. I have found also that with such combinations, it is of great advantage to also include a'small amount of a soluble ethanolamine, such as triethanolamine, as for instance 0.25 per cent or somewhat less. The amount of the phosphorus may be 0.001-0.25 per cent, and especially for example 0.01-0.05 in lubricating oils. P403 may be used in amounts of 0.001-2 per cent.
These products are outstandingly resistant against breakdown in high temperature usage, and in lubricants for instance are found to withstand high temperature engine usage with remarkably small change in body or viscosity and with very little deposit. They are found also to possess very marked extreme pressure or filmholding properties. There appears to be a. unique relationship between the furan compounds and hydrocarbons as distinguished from esters.
As an example: With a lubricating stock of S. A. E. 20 viscosity, of Mid-Continent source, there is incorporated 0.5 per cent of furfurin. This product subjected to test in internal combustionengine'conditions at a standard of 300 F. and time sixty-five hours, and free exposure to air at standardized rate, showed a viscosity viscosity increase of 21, lacquer deposit 2.6, naphtha insolubles 2.4, and appearance rating B plus.
As anotherexample: With a similar oil there is incorporated 0.25 per cent of hydrofuramide, and 0.05 per cent of P483.
As another example: With a similar oil there is incorporated 0.5 percent of trifurfurylamine.
As another example: With a similar oil there is incorporated 0.5 per cent of furfurin, 0.05 per cent of P453, and 0.25 per cent of ethanolamine.
Other modes of applying the principle of the invention may be employed, change being made as regards the details described, provided the features stated in any of the following claims, or the equivalent of such, be employed.
I therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:
1. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of furfurin, a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides, and a small amount of a soluble ethanolamine.
2. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen, a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides, and a small amount of a soluble ethanolamine.
3. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity anda small amount of a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen, and a, small amount of an agent from phorus sulphides.
4. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil o1- lubricating viscosity and a small amount of trifurfurylamine, and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and phosphorus sulphides. A v r.
5. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a small amount of hydrofuramide, and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and I phosphorus sulphides.
6. A lubricant comprising a, hydrocarbon oil of lubricating viscosity and a smallv amount. of
furfurin, and a small amount of an agent from the group consisting of phosphorus and pho's phorus sulphides. l
the group consisting of phosphorus and phos '7. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil 01' lubricating viscosity and a small amount oi a compound containing the furan nucleus and nitrogen.
'8. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of lubricatingviscosity and a small amount of. trifurfurylamine.
9. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil a of lubricatingviscosity and a small amount of hydrofuramide.
10. A lubricant comprising a hydrocarbon oil of'lubricating viscosity and a small amount ot furfurin.
' EVERETT C. HUGHES.
US342977A 1940-06-28 1940-06-28 Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons Expired - Lifetime US2272205A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US342977A US2272205A (en) 1940-06-28 1940-06-28 Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US342977A US2272205A (en) 1940-06-28 1940-06-28 Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2272205A true US2272205A (en) 1942-02-10

Family

ID=23344135

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US342977A Expired - Lifetime US2272205A (en) 1940-06-28 1940-06-28 Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2272205A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2506572A (en) * 1946-04-19 1950-05-09 Standard Oil Co Lubricant composition
US3683592A (en) * 1964-02-27 1972-08-15 Union Carbide Corp Inhibition of polymerization on molecular sieves

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2506572A (en) * 1946-04-19 1950-05-09 Standard Oil Co Lubricant composition
US3683592A (en) * 1964-02-27 1972-08-15 Union Carbide Corp Inhibition of polymerization on molecular sieves

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2174019A (en) Lubricant
US2236168A (en) Lubricant
US2129281A (en) Lubricating oils
US2451346A (en) Compounded lubricating oil
US2353558A (en) Addition agent for lubricating oil and method of making same
US2110281A (en) Pure compounds as extreme-pressure lubricants
US2367264A (en) Beneficiating lubricants, etc.
US2351657A (en) Lubricant
US2272205A (en) Beneficiation of low volatile hydrocarbons
US2326140A (en) Lubricant
US2058343A (en) Petroleum product and method of making same
US2236910A (en) Synthetic lubricant
US2483505A (en) Compounded lubricating oil
US2389527A (en) Lubricants
US2363880A (en) Lubricants
US2181913A (en) Improved hydrocarbon composition
US2265819A (en) Hydrocarbon composition
US2181964A (en) Sulphurized lubricating oil
US2251686A (en) Lubricating compound
US2384002A (en) Lubricant
US2913412A (en) Lubricating oil compositions
US2333871A (en) Lubricating oil
US2704745A (en) Stabilized extreme pressure lubricant
US2346357A (en) High temperature lubricant
US2459718A (en) Lubricating composition