US2266428A - Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube - Google Patents

Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2266428A
US2266428A US357735A US35773540A US2266428A US 2266428 A US2266428 A US 2266428A US 357735 A US357735 A US 357735A US 35773540 A US35773540 A US 35773540A US 2266428 A US2266428 A US 2266428A
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United States
Prior art keywords
high frequency
resonant
tube
chambers
anodes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US357735A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles V Litton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
International Standard Electric Corp
Original Assignee
International Standard Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE473838D priority Critical patent/BE473838A/xx
Application filed by International Standard Electric Corp filed Critical International Standard Electric Corp
Priority to US357735A priority patent/US2266428A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2266428A publication Critical patent/US2266428A/en
Priority to ES0178084A priority patent/ES178084A1/es
Priority to FR948599D priority patent/FR948599A/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/78—Tubes with electron stream modulated by deflection in a resonator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to high frequency electrical discharge tubes and more particularly to tubes operating by lateral deflection of an electron beam.
  • Electrical discharge tubesv have been proposed for oscillation generation or amplification in which an electron beam is cyclically deflected laterally to cyclically impinge upon conductive sectors.
  • the energy from the beam released upon such impingement may be used in a load circuit, and a portion of this energy may be regeneratively fed back to produce sustained oscillations.
  • Fig. 2 is a curve used in explaining my invention
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view partly in section, of a preferred embodiment of my invention.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are sectional views taken on lines M, 5-5, respectively, of Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 1 is shown partly in section an ultrahigh frequency tube embodying characteristics of my invention.
  • an electron emissive cathode It is arranged to emit a beam of electrons under influence of positive potential applied by battery IW.
  • the battery Hill is shown as connected to the tube envelope for supplying an accelerating potential by connection to other parts of the circuit, it is clear that if desired, a separate'accelerating electrode could be used.
  • the beam from this cathode represented by broken lines It is alternately deflected by means of a pair of deflecting electrodes l2, 53, so as to alternately impinge upon a pair of plates ll, l8.
  • a pair of resonant chambers l4, l5. These chambers may be in the form of concentric lines made effectively a quarter of a wavelength long at the operating frequency.
  • the beam Ii is deflected alternately to the right and left at a frequency determined by the resonant chambers.
  • a second pair of substantially closed resonant chambers I9, 20, are operatively connected to plates or anodes ll, l8.
  • Resonant chambers I9, 20 are also tuned to the operating frequency. Accordingly, when the beam ll contacts the anodes ll, l8, the associated resonant circuits are excited into oscillation at the operating frequency.
  • feedback lines 2!, 22 are arranged between chambers l9, l4 and 20, i5. It is evident that as beam ll oscillates between anodes ll, i8, oscillations of the operating frequency at 180 phase difierence are 'produced in resonant chambers i9, 20. If then energy is extracted from chambers I9, 20, over loops 23, 24, a single phase energy may be provided by merely combining these outputs.
  • a catcher electrode 25 may be provided and energized at a low potential by means of battery ill! to slow down the electrons which pass anodes ll, l8, before collecting them.
  • the efiiciency may be further enhanced by supplying an additional electrode means such as 26 between anodes ll,'l8, and applying to this electrode a negative potential from a battery such as Hi2.
  • electrode 26 Because of the negative charge on electrode 26 the electrons in the beam will tend to be deflected toward one of the electrodes and as the beam is oscillated will snap suddenly from one electrode to the other without losingany electrons through the opening therein.
  • electrode 25 When this electrode 26 is furnished electrode 25 may be omitted.
  • circuit arrangement shown in Fig. 1 may likewise be used for the purpose of amplification instead of oscillation generation. It is necessary in order. to obtain this operation merely to excite the resonant cavities l4, l5 by means of properly phased energy of the fundamental frequency so as to deflect the beam and then chambers l9 and 20 will produce the amplified output current.
  • a more eflicient operation may be obtained by a multiple phase circuit wherein the beam is rotated so that it falls on the respective anodes during only a small portion of the operating cycle.
  • the beam is efiective during a portion corresponding to the peak of one portion of the cycle of oscillation.
  • Fig. 2 the potential is plotted against time.
  • the sine wave of the oscillation produced in the resonant chambers, and likewise corresponding to the rotation rate of the beam, is illustrated by curve 200.
  • a portion of the peak preferably not more than 60 electrical degrees
  • cathode beam is in contact with .one of the anodes so as to produce an impulse 2M during a portion near the peak of one part of the cycle.
  • a relatively efficient operation of the tube is obtained since the value of a sine wave at 30 either side of the peak value is substantially 87% of the peak value of oscillation.
  • An embodiment of my invention showing six phase operation is disclosed in Figs. 3, 4 and 5 of the drawings
  • Fig. 3 illustrates, partly in cross section, a perspective view of a tube adapted for six-phase operation.
  • This tube comprises an electron emitting cathode l0 similar to that shown in Fig. 1.
  • and 32 are provided, as shown more clearly in Fig. 5, only and 3
  • the beam from the cathode i0 is rotated in a circle dependent upon the three-phase energization of' the elec trodes 30, 3
  • and 32 are resonant chambers or cavities 33, 34, 35.
  • additional partitions 36, 31, 38 ar provided 50-215 to more nearly form a complete closed resonant circuit.
  • the beam after passing the deflecting electrodes impinges in rotation on collector plates or anodes 40, 4
  • each of the anodes to 45, inclusive are corresponding resonant chambers to 55, respectively.
  • ] to 45 are successively energized, exciting oscillations of the given frequency in the associated resonant chambers 50 to 55.
  • a plate 56 which serves as a negatively charged electrode causing the beam to snap immediately from one plat to the succeeding plate so that few electrons, if any, are passed through the openings between the plates.
  • the electron beam deflection and the area of the plates are so adjusted'that the electron beam is eifective for, exciting. oscillations during not more than 60 vof the operating wavelength for each of said chambers;
  • the control of the electron beam for this purpose may be made by suitably adjusting the potential'from battery I00 applied as the accelerating potential to control the amount of deflection of the beam.
  • may be provided for collecting any electrodes which are passed between the anodes.
  • a negative potential is supplied from battery I02 to electrode 56.
  • Every second one of resonant chambers, such as chambers 50, 52 and 54 may be coupled back by means of transmission lines such as 60, 6
  • oscillations may be generated in the system by the feedback loops so as to sustain operation of the tubes at the desired operating frequency.
  • a plurality of separate output lines such as 10, 1
  • the tube may be used as an amplifier instead of an oscillation generator merely by supplying suitably phased energy from an outside source instead of using the feedback arrangements.
  • any number of phases may be supplied, it being merely necessary to provide a suitable number of collecting ghambers and suitable rotating means for the cam.
  • a high frequency system comprising emissive means for producing a beam of electrons, a plurality of deflecting electrodes arranged about said beam, a resonant circuit tuned to the operating frequency of said system and coupled to each of said deflecting electrodes, a plurality of sector shaped anode electrodes arranged in the path of said electron beam for cyclic energization, a resonant circuit tuned to said operating frequency of said system coupled to each of said anodes, a negatively charged electrode arranged between said anodes and a coupling between each of said first-mentioned resonant circuits and one of said last-mentioned resonant circuits.
  • a high frequency system comprising emis- 3.
  • a high frequency tube including emissive means for producing a beam of electrons, at least two anode means disposed alternately to intercept said beam, tuned chamber means resonant to a predetermined frequency coupled to said anode means, and means for cyclically diverting said beam laterally at said predetermined frequency, said last-mentioned means comprising at least two deflecting electrodes, resonant chamher means coupled to each of said electrodes, and coupling means between said tuned chamber means and said resonant chamber means, whereby sustained oscillations may be produced.
  • a high frequency tube according to claim 4 in which negatively charged electrode means is provided between said anode means.
  • a high frequency system wherein a collector electrode is provided for collecting electrons which pass through the openings between said anodes.

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  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
US357735A 1940-09-21 1940-09-21 Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube Expired - Lifetime US2266428A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE473838D BE473838A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1940-09-21
US357735A US2266428A (en) 1940-09-21 1940-09-21 Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube
ES0178084A ES178084A1 (es) 1940-09-21 1947-05-17 Disposiciones de tubo de alta frecuencia
FR948599D FR948599A (fr) 1940-09-21 1947-06-27 Dispositifs de déviation latérale du faisceau dans les tubes à très haute fréquence

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US357735A US2266428A (en) 1940-09-21 1940-09-21 Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2266428A true US2266428A (en) 1941-12-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US357735A Expired - Lifetime US2266428A (en) 1940-09-21 1940-09-21 Lateral deflection ultra high frequency tube

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2266428A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE473838A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES178084A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR948599A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2433044A (en) * 1942-04-24 1947-12-23 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2444073A (en) * 1941-05-02 1948-06-29 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electron beam tube for ultra high frequencies
US2468441A (en) * 1945-11-03 1949-04-26 Harries John Henry Owen Cavity resonator electron tube
US2547503A (en) * 1943-11-19 1951-04-03 Rca Corp Multiresonator magnetron
US2605445A (en) * 1947-05-08 1952-07-29 Herbert J Reich Magnetron
US2608669A (en) * 1948-02-06 1952-08-26 Marcel Wallace Cathode-ray tube wavemeter
US2758210A (en) * 1953-08-10 1956-08-07 Zenith Radio Corp Oscillators
US2786979A (en) * 1954-03-09 1957-03-26 Goneral Prec Lab Inc Microwave electronic switch
US2835844A (en) * 1953-02-25 1958-05-20 Jr William J Mcbride Electron beam deflection tube
US3286123A (en) * 1962-06-01 1966-11-15 Goldberg Jacob Apparatus for charged-particle deflection modulation

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2444073A (en) * 1941-05-02 1948-06-29 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electron beam tube for ultra high frequencies
US2433044A (en) * 1942-04-24 1947-12-23 Rca Corp Electron discharge device
US2547503A (en) * 1943-11-19 1951-04-03 Rca Corp Multiresonator magnetron
US2468441A (en) * 1945-11-03 1949-04-26 Harries John Henry Owen Cavity resonator electron tube
US2605445A (en) * 1947-05-08 1952-07-29 Herbert J Reich Magnetron
US2608669A (en) * 1948-02-06 1952-08-26 Marcel Wallace Cathode-ray tube wavemeter
US2835844A (en) * 1953-02-25 1958-05-20 Jr William J Mcbride Electron beam deflection tube
US2758210A (en) * 1953-08-10 1956-08-07 Zenith Radio Corp Oscillators
US2786979A (en) * 1954-03-09 1957-03-26 Goneral Prec Lab Inc Microwave electronic switch
US3286123A (en) * 1962-06-01 1966-11-15 Goldberg Jacob Apparatus for charged-particle deflection modulation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES178084A1 (es) 1947-07-01
FR948599A (fr) 1949-08-04
BE473838A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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