US2265161A - Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof - Google Patents
Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2265161A US2265161A US158258A US15825837A US2265161A US 2265161 A US2265161 A US 2265161A US 158258 A US158258 A US 158258A US 15825837 A US15825837 A US 15825837A US 2265161 A US2265161 A US 2265161A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- rosin
- acid
- ester
- derivatives
- esters
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title description 13
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 46
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 46
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 28
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 230000008707 rearrangement Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- -1 for instance Natural products 0.000 description 5
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012260 resinous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N abietic acid Chemical compound C([C@@H]12)CC(C(C)C)=CC1=CC[C@@H]1[C@]2(C)CCC[C@@]1(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-ONCXSQPRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004494 ethyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000834 fixative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003863 metallic catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-APQLOABGSA-N (+)-Pimaric acid Chemical compound [C@H]1([C@](CCC2)(C)C(O)=O)[C@@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@](C=C)(C)C=C2CC1 MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-APQLOABGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (-)-ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid Natural products C1CCC(C(O)=O)(C)C2C1(C)C1CCC(C=C)(C)C=C1CC2 MHVJRKBZMUDEEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZXLPPRPEOUENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorfenson Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 RZXLPPRPEOUENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGEOKXWFGANCJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl acetate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(=O)OC=C QGEOKXWFGANCJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010985 glycerol esters of wood rosin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000043 hydrogen iodide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008601 oleoresin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 NIXKBAZVOQAHGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentachloride Chemical class ClP(Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl UHZYTMXLRWXGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09F—NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; OIL DRYING AGENTS, i.e. SICCATIVES; TURPENTINE
- C09F1/00—Obtaining purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins
Definitions
- the present invention relates to novel deriva-' tives oi. natural rosin and compounds thereof, and to a process of treating derivatives of natural rosin.
- esters of natural gum and wood rosin such as,
- esters of natural rosin such as'the esters of Steele's abietic acid (alpha-abietic acid) are not readily susceptible to monosulfonation: and hence sulfonates thereof are not manufactured or commercially available, as the degree of sulfonation is very small-seldom amounting to 1 percent, and the product is apparently a disulfonate.
- the procedure according to the present invention permits obtaining esters by modification of natural rosin substances, such as Steele's abietic acid, which are capable of undergoing a considerable monosulfonatlon.
- This invention relates primarily to a process which effects a change in the relative position of the double bonds in the esters, and like derivatives of abietic types of resin acids and in like derivatives of natural rosin, and to products thereof which are not formed through intermediate addltion-, subtraction-, or substitutionproducts but are produced through reactions known to those skilled in the art as intramolecular re-arrangements for effecting a change in the position of the double bonds of the natural rosin derivatives and/or to effect Waldens conversion and/or to effect stereo-isomerism and/or geometric isomerism; and according to this invention, this type of reaction has been applied in a normal and useful manner for producing valuable modified rosin derivatives, such as modified rosin esters.
- modified-rosin derivatives of natural rosin such as for instance, modified methyl esters of rosin, modified ethyl esters thereof, etc.
- modified methyl esters of rosin, modified ethyl esters thereof, etc. have the advantage of displayinggreater stability to atmospheric conditions, so that they provide better bases for the manufacture of varnishes,lacquers, solvent plasticizers, etc.
- they are capable of sulfonatlon, with the formation of a stable sulfonate and may be characterized through such a capability and product.
- the process effects an intramolecular rearrangement ofthe double bonds initially present in the molecule of the rosin derivative, so that the product may be regarded and established as an isomerized natural rosin derivative.
- an intramolecular rearrangement proceeds without substantially reducing the unsaturation of the original molecule of the resin acid derivative (which may be regarded empirically as Gaol-12902.13. of the original oleo-resin gum and/or wood rosin; and where R represents an alcohol of aromatic or aliphatic type).
- a stabilized rosin ester can be produced without essential change of the original saturation of the ester.
- the product can be prepared from pseudopimaric acid, (Brennan et al., United States Patent No. 2,072,628) and/or from modified rosin as set forth in the co-pending application (Hasselstrom et al.,Serial Number 108,308, filed October 29, 1936), and can be produced from any unmodified natural rosin material which is capable of producing a sulfonate, by appropriate esterification.
- Example II means of esteriflcation or by heating the methyl ester of rosin with a suitable catalyst to provoke an intra-molecular rearrangement, which product is capable of producing a novel type of methyl ester sulfonate on sulfonation.
- halogens either per se 'or as the hydrides, may be employed, including chlorine, bromine, iodine,rhydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide.
- organic acid compounds may be employed, including alkyl and aralkyl sulfonates and sulfonic acids, such as benzylsulfonic acid: in particular, the sulfonate obtained by sulfonation of the pseudopimaric acid of our prior patent and the sulfonate obtained as described in Example I above have been found efiective for provoking the reaction.
- alkyl and aralkyl sulfonates and sulfonic acids such as benzylsulfonic acid: in particular, the sulfonate obtained by sulfonation of the pseudopimaric acid of our prior patent and the sulfonate obtained as described in Example I above have been found efiective for provoking the reaction.
- the isomerized methyl ester of a rosin which has been produced through such an intra-molecular rearrangement, is substantially stable to oxidation and superior in this respect to the methyl ester of common rosin.
- the methyl ester of rosin shows an increase of about 3.08% by weight of the initial material whereas the isomerized rosin methyl ester increases about 0.4% by weight of the initial product.
- the action is one of producing molecular rearrangements, and generally non-metallic catalysts are employable which are capable of producing molecular rearrangements in the terpene series: and the group may be referred to as comprising such catalysts and more particularly the non-metallic catalysts of the group consisting of the alkyl and aralkyl sulfonates (thus including the corresponding sulfonic acids) and the halogen-containing substances of the above natures.
- the quantity to be employed varies with the particular agent and condition of treatment, and it is found that quantities from one-tenth of a percent to 5 percent give the desired effects.
- the upper limit of proportion of iodine for example, is around 5 percent, as a greater proportion leads to a definite halogenation as distinguished from the intramolecular rearrangement.
- the temperature to be employed likewise varies according to the initial product being treated, the catalyst, and the purpose of employ- .,ment of the final resin.
- the higher temperatures produce a more rapid reaction, but decomposition with the formation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide may occur, these decompositions being particularly rapid at 240 C. and above.
- the catalysts are not efl'ective for provoking an operation of commercial rapidity at temperatures below C.
- the reaction being an exothermic one, care should be exerted in controlling the temperature within the range of 130 to 240 C.
- the resulting conversion takes place either instantaneously or over a period of time: thus, the time may extend up to four hours, or even more, according to the material being treated, the proportion and constitution of the catalyst, and the temperature treatment. If performed without a catalyst, the conversion is very slow: and hence its is commercially preferable to catalyze the reaction.
- the hydroxyl or carboxyl group of the .rosinmolecule is substituted by an ester or like group of'aliphatic or aromatic type, and this rosin derivative is subjected to the treatment described hereinabove.
- the resulting isomerized rosin derivative is characterized by increased resistance to light, air and heat.
- the isomerized rosin derivative is further characterized by its ability to form a monosulfonic acid on sulfonation.
- the refined esters are of straw to water-white color, and show great stability to atmospheric condition.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Patented Dec. 9, 1941 or NATURAL ROS THEREOF INS AND PRODUCTS Torsten Has selstrom and Edward A. Brennan, Savannah, Ga.
'No Drawing. Application August 9, 1937,
. Serial No. 158,258 g 5 Claims.
The present invention relates to novel deriva-' tives oi. natural rosin and compounds thereof, and to a process of treating derivatives of natural rosin.
- It is well known in the art that the instability of esters of natural gum and wood rosin, such as,
for instance, methyl esters, ethyl esters, ester gum, etc., greatly reduces the commercial applications for such substances. Various processes have been suggested for overcoming these disadvantages of esters of gum and wood rosin, among which processes may be mentioned hydrogenation of the initial rosin and hydrogenation of the esters of natural gum and wood rosin. These prior processes are found in practice to suffer from the disadvantage of high costs of manufacture, so that the employment thereof has been greatly limited. It is well known that the normal esters of natural rosin, such as'the esters of Steele's abietic acid (alpha-abietic acid) are not readily susceptible to monosulfonation: and hence sulfonates thereof are not manufactured or commercially available, as the degree of sulfonation is very small-seldom amounting to 1 percent, and the product is apparently a disulfonate. In distinction therefrom, the procedure according to the present invention permits obtaining esters by modification of natural rosin substances, such as Steele's abietic acid, which are capable of undergoing a considerable monosulfonatlon.
This invention relates primarily to a process which effects a change in the relative position of the double bonds in the esters, and like derivatives of abietic types of resin acids and in like derivatives of natural rosin, and to products thereof which are not formed through intermediate addltion-, subtraction-, or substitutionproducts but are produced through reactions known to those skilled in the art as intramolecular re-arrangements for effecting a change in the position of the double bonds of the natural rosin derivatives and/or to effect Waldens conversion and/or to effect stereo-isomerism and/or geometric isomerism; and according to this invention, this type of reaction has been applied in a normal and useful manner for producing valuable modified rosin derivatives, such as modified rosin esters.
The modified-rosin derivatives of natural rosin, such as for instance, modified methyl esters of rosin, modified ethyl esters thereof, etc., have the advantage of displayinggreater stability to atmospheric conditions, so that they provide better bases for the manufacture of varnishes,lacquers, solvent plasticizers, etc. As set' hereinafter, they are capable of sulfonatlon, with the formation of a stable sulfonate and may be characterized through such a capability and product.
The process effects an intramolecular rearrangement ofthe double bonds initially present in the molecule of the rosin derivative, so that the product may be regarded and established as an isomerized natural rosin derivative.
The starting material in practicing the present process and in the manufacture of the product may be any ester or like acid derivative of natu= ral rosin in the initial state or following segregations or purifications thereof, which derivatives are not originally capable of yielding a stable sulionate on sulfonation; thus, it will be understood that the invention. may be practiced upon derivatives such as esters of such resin acids as sapinic, sapietic, abietic, pimaric, etc., or mixtures thereof, asset out in the co-pending Hasselstrom and Brennan application, Serial No.
108,308, filed October 29, 1936.
It is a characteristic of this invention that an intramolecular rearrangement proceeds without substantially reducing the unsaturation of the original molecule of the resin acid derivative (which may be regarded empirically as Gaol-12902.13. of the original oleo-resin gum and/or wood rosin; and where R represents an alcohol of aromatic or aliphatic type). Thus, for example, a stabilized rosin ester can be produced without essential change of the original saturation of the ester.
It is also a characteristic of this invention that the product can be prepared from pseudopimaric acid, (Brennan et al., United States Patent No. 2,072,628) and/or from modified rosin as set forth in the co-pending application (Hasselstrom et al.,Serial Number 108,308, filed October 29, 1936), and can be produced from any unmodified natural rosin material which is capable of producing a sulfonate, by appropriate esterification. 3
It has been found that high yields can be obtained at a relatively low temperature of treatment, by employing catalysts which are effective for provoking and/or promoting intramolecular rearrangements.
By way of illustration, examples of practicing 1 the invention are set below to facilitate the understanding of the invention by those skilled in the art; it is obvious that these examples are illustrative and not restrictive.
Eranwle I 1000 g. of commercial rosin methyl ester were poured over '10 g. of iodine. The mixture was heated at atmospheric pressure to 1'75-l8 0 U. for about two hours. The original straw color of the rosin methyl ester was changed to ve light straw color. The yield is about quantitative.
50 g. of the isomerized rosin methyl ester was sulfonated with 100 cc. of concentrated sulfuric acid (sp. g. 1.84), brought to about minus 5 to plus 15 C. and stirred for about 20 minutes, then poured into cracked ice. The brownish precipitate was filtered out,' and washed with cold water until the wash liquor clouded when mixed with the original liquid: the washed precipitate was extracted three times with boiling water, leaving a brownish insoluble, semi-solid resinous material. Theshot aqueous extracts, on cooling, deposited a crystalline sulfonic acid in a yield of about 50 to 60% by weight of the original material. After re-crystallization from water and from glacial acetic acid, the isomerized rosin ester sulfonate melted at about 145-146 C. v
In order to obtain further proof that an intramolecular re-arrangement had taken place within the molecule of the original rosin derivative and that this rearrangement was similar to that described in the said co-pending application (Hasselstrom et al. Serial Number 108,308), the isomerized rosin methyl ester sulfonate was converted into the corresponding dimethyl ester, which had about the same melting point (about 174.5" C.) and-appears to be identical with the dimethyl ester of pseudopimaric acid sulfonate prepared from pseudopimaric acid sulfonate on esteriflcation with dimethyl sulfate.
Example II means of esteriflcation or by heating the methyl ester of rosin with a suitable catalyst to provoke an intra-molecular rearrangement, which product is capable of producing a novel type of methyl ester sulfonate on sulfonation.
Ithas been found that various substances may be employed as catalysts. Thus, the halogens, either per se 'or as the hydrides, may be employed, including chlorine, bromine, iodine,rhydrogen chloride, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen iodide. Other halogen products may be employed, with due care in operation, such as organic acid chlorides, phosphorus pentachlorides, etc: Further organic sulfonic acid compounds may be employed, including alkyl and aralkyl sulfonates and sulfonic acids, such as benzylsulfonic acid: in particular, the sulfonate obtained by sulfonation of the pseudopimaric acid of our prior patent and the sulfonate obtained as described in Example I above have been found efiective for provoking the reaction. Ap-
1000 g. of isomerized rosin (obtained according to Hasselstrom et al. Serial Number 108,308) was dissolved in 1500 cc. methanol and saponifled with 200 g. of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 250 cc. of water. Then 450 g. of dimethyl sulfate .were added gradually; the mixture was heated for about three hours, at a temperature of about 100 C. and withrefluxing; the excess of methanol was removed by distillation. Finally the methyl ester was obtained by means of a vacuum distillation at about 1 mm. pressure and was a viscous light-straw-colored oil having a boiling range of about 185 to 210 C. at about 1 mm. pressure. g. of this methyl ester was sulfonated according to Example I. The resultin sulfonic acid of the methyl ester melted at about 145-l46'C. and was apparently identical with the methyl ester sulfonate obtained in the previous example since the melting point was not lowered in a melting pointtest of a mixture therewith.
It has been found that the isomerized methyl ester of a rosin, which has been produced through such an intra-molecular rearrangement, is substantially stable to oxidation and superior in this respect to the methyl ester of common rosin. When exposed for one week to an atmosphere of oxygen, the methyl ester of rosin shows an increase of about 3.08% by weight of the initial material whereas the isomerized rosin methyl ester increases about 0.4% by weight of the initial product.
Thus it is notedthat the novel rosin methyl *parently, some advantage is attained by employing mixtures of catalysts.
It is pointed out that the action is one of producing molecular rearrangements, and generally non-metallic catalysts are employable which are capable of producing molecular rearrangements in the terpene series: and the group may be referred to as comprising such catalysts and more particularly the non-metallic catalysts of the group consisting of the alkyl and aralkyl sulfonates (thus including the corresponding sulfonic acids) and the halogen-containing substances of the above natures. The quantity to be employed varies with the particular agent and condition of treatment, and it is found that quantities from one-tenth of a percent to 5 percent give the desired effects. The upper limit of proportion of iodine, for example, is around 5 percent, as a greater proportion leads to a definite halogenation as distinguished from the intramolecular rearrangement.
The temperature to be employed likewise varies according to the initial product being treated, the catalyst, and the purpose of employ- .,ment of the final resin. The higher temperatures produce a more rapid reaction, but decomposition with the formation of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide may occur, these decompositions being particularly rapid at 240 C. and above. It has been found that the catalysts are not efl'ective for provoking an operation of commercial rapidity at temperatures below C. The reaction being an exothermic one, care should be exerted in controlling the temperature within the range of 130 to 240 C. The resulting conversion takes place either instantaneously or over a period of time: thus, the time may extend up to four hours, or even more, according to the material being treated, the proportion and constitution of the catalyst, and the temperature treatment. If performed without a catalyst, the conversion is very slow: and hence its is commercially preferable to catalyze the reaction.
When commercial colophony rosin, or the ester derivative thereof, is subjected to the foregoing treatment in the presence of about 1 percent of iodine, the resulting product, directly or upon esteriflcation is susceptible to the sulfonation i'or yielding from 30 to 40 percent of monosulfonate. The residue is a neutral oil which is apparently a hydroxy acid material arising by hydration of the resin acids at the double bonds therein, this hydration being provoked also by the action of sulfonation. This neutral oil may be employed as a blending agent or plasticizer, etc.: as it has imto light, air and heat.
It has been found that when the hydroxyl or carboxyl group of the .rosinmolecule is substituted by an ester or like group of'aliphatic or aromatic type, and this rosin derivative is subjected to the treatment described hereinabove. the resulting isomerized rosin derivative is characterized by increased resistance to light, air and heat. The isomerized rosin derivative is further characterized by its ability to form a monosulfonic acid on sulfonation.
It his also been found that when a rosin or resinous material containing pseudo-.pimaric acid and/or a resinous material obtained according to the invention described in the co-pending application of Hasselstrom et 8.1., Serial Number 108,308, is subjected to esterification by methods known to the art, the resultant esters are characterized by increased resistance to light, air and heat; and further characterized by their ability to form monosulfonic acids on sulfonation. It is believed that the corresponding esters of the isomerized rosins described hereinafter and also the monosulfonic acid derivatives obtained from these corresponding esters on sulfonation are substantially identical in composition.
The refined esters are of straw to water-white color, and show great stability to atmospheric condition.
Even in the crude and relatively unrefinedcondition, they are of great value in the manufacture ofcertain lubricants. They can be employed directly because of their superior stability. in grinding pigments, thus taking advantage of the penetrating and wetting propetries of these compounds: as an extender in phenolic varnishes; as printing inks; as anti-sludging agents, co-solvents, etc.; as a heat-interchange medium; as a vehicle for waxes in polishes, emulsions, etc.; in aluminum and other metallic paints to prevent skinning and to increase gloss; in leather and linoleum lacquers; to prolong the plastic nature of linseed oil putties and caulking compounds; as perfume fixatives for scented paper, polishes, and lacquers; as'solvent plasticizers for use in the plastic industry with ethyl cellulose, vinyl acetate-chloride, etc. as fixatives for poisons in insecticides.
It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the examples specifically set out, nor to the modifications indicated therein: but that it may be employed in many ways within the scope of the appended method claims: and that the produce therefrom is comprised within the following article claims;
What we claim is: 1. The process of preparing modified resin substances which are substantially stable to light,
' air and heat. and capable ofmonosulfonation,
which comprises the step of heating a material containing an ester of a natural rosin acid of abietic type in the presence of t; to 5% of iodine and under a temperature of 130 to 240 C. until intramolecular rearrangement has occurred in the resin acid radicals substantially without change of the unsaturation of the material.
2. The process of preparing modified resin substances which are substantially stable to light,
air and heat and capable of monosulfonation,
which comprises the step of heating a' material containing an ester of a natural rosin acid of abietic type. in the presence of substantially 1% of iodine, and under a temperature of 130 to 240 C. until intramolecular rearrangement has occurred in the resin acid radicals substantially without change of the unsaturation of the material.
3. The process of increasing the resistance to light, air and heat of an ester ofv natural rosin, which comprises the step of heating the said ester of natural rosin at a temperature of 130 to 240 C. in the presence of to 5% of iodine until intramolecular rearrangement has occurred in the resin acid radicals thereof substantially without change of the unsaturation of the ester.
4. The process of increasing the resistance to light, air and heat of an ester of natural rosin, which comprises the stepof heating the said ester of natural rosin at a temperature of 130 to 240 C. in the presence of substantially 1% of occurred in the resin acid radicals thereof substantially without change of the unsaturation of the ester.
5. The process of preparing a resin ester material which is substantially stable to light, air and heat from a natural rosin-containing Steele's abietic acid, which comprises esterifying the Steeles abietic acid of the rosin, and then heating said ester in the presence of substantially 1% of iodine to a temperature of to 240 C., and for a time sufficient to provoke a major conversion of the Steele's abietic acid radicals into pseudo-pimaric acid radicals substantially without change in the unsaturation of said rosin.
TORSTEN HASSELS'I'ROM. EDWARD A. BRENNAN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US158258A US2265161A (en) | 1937-08-09 | 1937-08-09 | Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US158258A US2265161A (en) | 1937-08-09 | 1937-08-09 | Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2265161A true US2265161A (en) | 1941-12-09 |
Family
ID=22567311
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US158258A Expired - Lifetime US2265161A (en) | 1937-08-09 | 1937-08-09 | Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2265161A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2415096A (en) * | 1944-04-26 | 1947-02-04 | Harvel Res Corp | Oxygen treated organic products and methods for producing them |
US2435831A (en) * | 1944-02-12 | 1948-02-10 | Harvel Res Corp | Process of oxidation of alkyl esters of abietic acid |
US2449970A (en) * | 1946-01-15 | 1948-09-28 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Stabilization of terpene polymers |
-
1937
- 1937-08-09 US US158258A patent/US2265161A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2435831A (en) * | 1944-02-12 | 1948-02-10 | Harvel Res Corp | Process of oxidation of alkyl esters of abietic acid |
US2415096A (en) * | 1944-04-26 | 1947-02-04 | Harvel Res Corp | Oxygen treated organic products and methods for producing them |
US2449970A (en) * | 1946-01-15 | 1948-09-28 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Stabilization of terpene polymers |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69220045T2 (en) | METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLOPHONIUM ESTER AND COLORLESS COLOPHONIUM | |
DE3802724C2 (en) | Process for making a rosin ester | |
US2265161A (en) | Process of modifying derivatives of natural rosins and products thereof | |
US2311386A (en) | Art of stabilizing tall-oil materials | |
DE3832639C2 (en) | Process for producing a colorless rosin | |
US3943118A (en) | Method of isomerizing fatty acids having an isolated diene structure and disproportionating rosin acids having conjugated diene structure | |
US2396646A (en) | Art of preparation of valuable substances from tall oil | |
US4906733A (en) | Process for preparing colorless rosin | |
US2359980A (en) | Process for refining pine oleoresin | |
JP2795018B2 (en) | Rosin ester production method | |
US2395278A (en) | Treatment of abietyl compounds | |
US2517563A (en) | Synthetic tricarboxylic acid and method of preparation | |
US2717890A (en) | Talloil separation by urea extraction | |
US2299577A (en) | Art of treating resins | |
US2409930A (en) | Treatment of primary oleoresin acids | |
US2791577A (en) | Process for refining tall oil | |
US2300433A (en) | Ester of hydrogenated polymerized rosin and method of making the same | |
US2418454A (en) | Isomerized fatty acid esters | |
US2388158A (en) | Production of unsatukated | |
US2346994A (en) | Resinlike product and method of preparing same | |
US2307641A (en) | Polymerization of rosin and rosin esters | |
US2365122A (en) | Refining of modified alkyd resins | |
US2375618A (en) | Method for polymerizing rosin | |
US2358004A (en) | Treatment of tall oil | |
US2371307A (en) | Purification of organic compounds |