US2259913A - Checkerwork - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 21, 1941. H. w. WALTERS I 2,259,913

CHECKERWORK Filed July 5,1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Get 21; 19410 H. w. WALTERS I CHECKERWORK 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 Filed July 5, 1940 W 2% 2mm ATTORNEYS Oct. 21, 1941. AL ERS 2,259,913'

CHECKERWORK Filed July 5, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 l atented ct. El, @941 stares 2,259,913 K crincnnnwonn Harry W. Walters, Cincinnati, Ohio Application July 5, 1940, serial No. 343,955

4 Claims.

vision of a checker structure which is of a highly open nature to decrease the resistance to the passage of gas, but which has a large mass available for the absorption and dissipation of heat. To fulfill this object, the present invention includes spaced walls of bricks of a thickness such that during a norm'al cycle of operation the entire body heats to a uniform degree, the bricks being laid up in courses with their ends spaced apart to form communicating openings between the flues on each side of each wall, and with the bricks in successive rows breaking joints, the walls so formed being connected by spaced, staggered tie members. 7

Another object of the inventionis the provision of a checker structure which is highly open, and in which the individual bricks, as well as the walls formed therefrom, are securely locked against displacement.

Still another object. of the invention is the provision of a checker structure which includes spaced walls tied together by diagonally related members which define diagonal gas paths withinthe flues formed by the walls.

Other objects and advantages of the invention.

will become apparent as the description proceeds, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure 1 is a vertical section through the length of a regenerative chamber filled with checker work in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the width of such a chamber; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a portion of the checker work formed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 415 a perspective view of a single block of the type used in the present invention; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a tie block used to prevent relative displacement of the several walls; Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of the checker work modified for particular application to water gas machines; Fig. 7 is a fragmentary, diagrammatic elevation of the checker work shown in Fig. 6, and Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a turbulence block as shown in Fig. 6.

Referring to the drawings, the present invention includes spaced walls consisting of the individual blocks shown in Fig. 4 laid up and connected as hereinafter described. Each block (designated generally by 6) consists of a substantially rectangular body I of fire clay or other suitable material, the long faces of which have fins 8 projecting therefrom. Each fin 8 is a vertically extensive mass of such thickness that it is completely and uniformly heated during a normally long cycle of operation. Similarly, the thickness of the body"! is such that it also is substantially completely heated during the cycle, taking into consideration that the heat penetration is approximately one inch in fire brick during the nor mal period between reversals of a regenerative furnace. v

- The fins 8 are equally spaced along the sidewalls of the blocks 6 and-are similar in area to the spaces left between them. This provides bricks which may be used in conjunctionwith each. other to build solid walls after they have served their purpose as checkers; It is only necessary to insert the fins of one brick into the spaces between the fins of another brick to build 7 up a satisfactory solid wall from brick which might otherwise be considered scrap. I

The body 1 of each block is grooved longitudinally as at 9 on" the center-of its bottom face and is provided with a tongue in on the top. By this expedient each block has provision for a tongueand groove connection with blocks in the next succeeding course both above and below so as to prevent relative lateral displacementwhen the blocks are laid up in walls.

The present invention contemplates spaced parallel fiues in the checker work, each flue being defined bywalls. made up of the blocks 6. It has long been known that gases passing through a structure of this kind have a tendency-to "channel or to pass repeatedlyin certain portions of certain fiues .to a greater extent than in others, so that at least a portion of the checker work is comparatively inactive. To reduce this tendency, various expedients have been used, principally directed to guiding the gases equally into the entrances of the several fines. It has also been protribution. Such proposals have been, in the main, haphazard, and confined almost entirely to the two ends of the flues following the same principles which dictated the policy of distributing the gases prior to their entrance into the checker 7 work. 'In the present invention, however, the

blocks comprising the walls are so laid, and the A walls are so interconnected as to provide diagonal each series of tie blocks. forthe gases between the walls are open bothseries of spaced tie blocks I2 alternating diagonally with fiue connecting openings l3, and a complete diagonal series of openings I4 between. In this way the paths" of a first course of blocks 6 laid with their ends spaced apart. The .second course consists of a similar row of.blocks laid over the openings be tween the blocks of the firstcourse, with their ends similarly spaced and breaking joints with the blocks of the first row. The third, fifth, seventh, etc., courses are similar in disposition to the first, while the second, fourth, sixth, eighth, etc., are similar to the second.

In the even numbered courses (2, 6, 8, etc.) alternate openings between the blocks receive the tie blocks l2. However, instead of the tie blocks being disposed in a vertical series, they are disposed in mutually staggered relationship and are hence diagonally related. It will be seen that the unobstructed vertical area between the tie blocks is equal to the length of a block 6 and that the diagonal paths in the fines are'of even greater area. It will also be seen that between each diagonal series of tie blocks a diagonal series of openings I4 is provided and that between each tie block of each series an additional interconnecting courses which prevents the free ends of the' blocks, adjacent the flue connecting openings. from being displaced laterally.

By reason of the fact that substantially the entire volume of each block 6 and of each tie block is available for the absorption and dissipation of heat, I am enabled to employ a checker work having much more numerous voids or openings therein than is the usual practice.

Each tie block 12 is provided on its lower surface with spaced grooves'lG which engage the tongues of the blocks 6 which support the tie blocks so that the walls are firmly connected. It will be noted in Fig. 2 that each tie block laps two Walls and terminates in the center of a flue and that vertically succeeding tie'blocks are used to connect different pairs of walls. An extremely rigid structure is thus provided which is not likely to collapse even after considerable erosion has taken place.

If desired, headers may be placed above the topmost series of blocks and may be given a work. This may be readily accomplished by inserting a thin turbulence block 2| in each opening of the vertical series between the tie'blocks. Preferably the turbulence blocks are diagonally disposed and each in the direction opposite to that of its neighbors.

While the invention has been described in connection with individual bricks of a particular character, it should be expressly understood that any brick capable of sustaining the mechanical load and having the proper heat absorption characteristics, may be utilized. Various other changes will suggest themselves to those skilled in the art and it should be expressly understood that such changes are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent, is:

l. Checker Work for regenerative furnaces or the like, having spaced parallel walls, each composed of successive rows of brick laid with their ends spaced apart to form openings connecting the flues formed by the walls and with the brick of successive rows breaking joints, and wall tying members in mutually staggered relation mounted in alternate openings-of alternate rows to provide diagonal series each comprising alternate openings and tie members and diagonal series of openings alternating with said first series.

2. Checker work for regenerative furnaces or the like, having spaced parallel walls forming vertical flues with each wall comprising successive rows of oblong brick, one over another, with the brick of each row endwise spaced to provide openings therebetween connecting said fiues and with the brick of successive rows breaking joints to dispose said openings in diagonal series, and horizontally disposed tie members of elongated block form for connecting adjoining walls, said tie members disposed in diagonal series and mounted in predetermined openings of alternate series with the members substantially filling the openings, whereby diagonal flue paths are provided between the walls with a full row of unobstructed openings in register with each path and with at least one unobstructed opening be ween each adtapered o'r stream-lined form to decrease turbuentrance and exit into and from the fines. Such headers may be made of a highly refractory material capable of withstanding not only mechanical erosion but chemical reaction with the gases passing through the checker work. The headers may thus serve'as a protection for the fire brick which they cover.

When the invention is applied to certain specialized structures such as water gas machines, it may be desirable to change the form of the tie blocks l2 and to introduce turbulence producing blocks into the checker work. As shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the disposition of the ribbed blocks 6 remains the same, but the tie blocks 20, instead of completely filling a spacebetween two ribbed blocks are reduced to half the thickness. The span of the tie blocks may be increased to overlie three walls if desired.

Further, it is sometimes necessary to increase the turbulence of the gas fiow within the checker jacent pair of tie members of a series.

3. Checker work for regenerative furnaces or the like, having spaced parallel walls forming vertical fiues, each wall being composed of a plurality of rows of oblong brick, one over another, with the brick of each row endwise spaced to provide openings therebetweenconnecting said flues and with the brick of successive rows breaking joints so that each brick completely bridges a respective opening of the next underlying row, and tie members ,of block form for the successive walls mounted in predetermined openings of alternate rows and extending into said flues into endwise abutting relationship, whereby said tie members define diagonal paths for traversing said flues.

4. Checker work for regenerative furnaces or the like, having spaced walls forming vertical fines, each wall comprising brick laid with spaced diagonally related openings tie members for the walls mounted in said openings and spanning at least two walls, and interlocking means formed on said tie members and on the bricks with which they engage, said tie members spanning at least two walls and being disposed in endwise abutting relationship at points between said walls and defining diagonal gas paths in the flue.

HARRY W. WALTERS.

Images