US2259407A - Depilatory composition - Google Patents

Description

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Patented Oct. 14, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DEPILATORY COMPOSITION Thomas Norman Weiskirch, Le May, Mo., as-

signor to Inter-Coastal Paint Corporation, East St. Louis, Ill., a corporation of Illinois No Drawing. Application May 14, 1940,

Serial No. 335,135

2 Claims.

This invention relates to a new type of depilatory composition and more particularly to a depilatory composition especially adapted for. the removal of hair from edible carcasses such as hogs, chickens and the like.

To clean edible carcasses it has been customary to dip them in hot water and remove dermal ex-.

crescences by pulling or scraping them from the skin of the carcass. Later it was found that molten pitch or rosin could be embedded in the hair or feathers, cooled and stripped from the carcass, bringing the hair or feathers with it. Such compositions have been improved somewhat in the past decades but have been far from-satisfactory because they were too high melting and scorched the carcass, or stained the carcass or decomposed with use or had other defects Obviously, scorching or staining of an edible carcass destroys or reduced its salability to a marked extent.

It is the object of my invention to provide a stable low-melting depilatory composition which tenaciously grips dermal excrescences, such as any of these petroleum resins are suitable. ,the melting point of these petroleum resin-s is asphalt) are precipitated out or otherwise separated. Various combinations and variations of this technique and the properties of these petroleum resins so produced are more fully described at pages 294 to 298 of the March, 1940, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. The preferred petroleum resin which I may employ in my new depilatory composition'may be produced by substituting cresylic acid as the extractant, for nitrobenzene in the left 'hand side'ofFig. 3 at page 296 of the foregoing publication, although somewhat indefinite, they may be more accurately defined by viscosity and penetration. The preferred petroleum resin which I employ has a pour point of 75 F., plus or minus 10", a Saybolt Furol viscosity at 210 F. of 115 secondsfla penetration at 32 Ref 106 and a penetration at 77 F. of greater than 420, determined by standard methods, although as above pointed out these properties of suitable petroleum resins for my hair and pin feathers, when the composition is deposited thereon and allowed to cool, and which will not scorch or stain edible carcasses.

These objects are accomplished by ,my inven- I tion which in its broader aspects comprises a composition consistingessentially of a major proportion of rosin and a minor proportion of'petroleum resin of the type known as Duosol and resulting from the solvent extraction of certain petroleum residuum including the lubricating oil fraction. More specifically, my invention comprises a composition consisting essentially of 60 to 90 parts-oi rosin and 40 to' 10 parts of petroleum resin.

For some time it has been known that in crude petroleum there is a resin fraction lying between the asphalt fraction and the lubricating oil fractroleum resin and when the lubricating oil fraction is distilled off from the crude, the lubricatmg oil normally has these petroleum resins dissolved therein. ,It has been foundtha't these petroleum resins can readily be removed by subjecting the crude residuum' (after distilling ofi gasoline, kerosene and lightoils) to extraction with such solvents as propane, nitrobenzene, phenol, cresylic acid, or furfural at the proper solved residuum whereas the petroleum resins and lubricating oil are dissolved and decanted off, By then adding further solvent to the deasphalt- The asphalt remains as an undis- 40 tion thereof. This resin fraction is termed penew depilatory composition may vary within rather wide limits.

My composition is prepared simply by adding the two components, in the proper proportions,

to a. jacketed mixer which is heated with steam,

hot water, or hot oil until the materials are molten, whereupon they are mixed thoroughly until entirely homogeneous. By bringing the components to a temperature of approximately 200 F; they become sufllciently molten for proper mixing although they may be brought to a higher temperature if not held at that higher temperature for an unreasonable length of time. After thorough mixing, the composition is ready for use and may be poured Off into large heated vats for immediate use or may be poured into barrels Therefore, if a somewhat hard composition is desired, I may employ parts rosin and only 10 parts of petroleum resin. On the other hand if ed extract, the petroleum resins (free from 5 a tough, lower melting, more plasticized compo- Since sition is desired, I may employ 60 parts rosin and 40 parts of petroleum resin. I always employ a major proportion of rosin and for the softest composition employ 51 parts rosin and about 49 parts petroleum resin which is about as soft as necessary for any delipatory work. The following table gives properties of typical depilatory compositions within the scope of my invention.

90% rosin, 75 rosin. 60% rosin.

% petropetroa petroleum resinleum resin leum resin Melting point B+R 162 146 123' Penetration at 77 F 0. 5 2 17 Other ingredients may be added in small amounts to my composition so long as they do not detract from the useful properties thereof. For instance,

certain synthetic thermoplastic resins may be natural tackinessof the petroleum resin gives to my depilatory composition unusually strong depilatory action. My composition may be used re-. peatedly and melted many times or kept molten for long periods of time, without decomposing because of the unoxidizable nature of the petroleum resin. Because it melts at a low temperabrushed upon the carcass or the carcass may be dipped therein and allowed to drain. The composition hardens readily at normal atmospheric temperatures and may then be broken and stripped from the carcass, bringing all dermal excrescences such as hair (from hogs) or pin feathers (from fowl) with the fragments of hardened depilatory composition. The carcass is then clean, unscorched, unstained and in highly salable condition. No chilling of my composition is necessary although in extremely hot rooms,

spraying the dipped carcass with water will hasten cooling so that stripping may be accomplished sooner.

As adverted to above, depilatory compositions of various kinds have been previously devised and used on edible carcasses but have many disadvantages which disqualify them for large scale use. Rosin alone, is entirely too brittle and lacks gripping power for hair, pin feathers and the like. Depilatory compositions of rosin mixed with such things as cottonseed oil, beeswax, parafiln and the likeoxidize or decompose readily on heating and reheating, are too soft to employ without extreme chilling and lack effective depilatory action. Compositions of rosin and asphalt are disqualified because they stain the carcass-badly, deteriorate with use and lack effective depilatory action.

' Contrasted to these, my depilatory composition is stable, is easily prepared and applied, is not expensive and has effective depilatory action without being required to be chilled. After use, it may be reused many times by merely heating and filtering out the dermal excrescences embedded therein.

ture, my composition does not scorch the most.

delicate carcass; its low viscosity permits easy.

spraying at lower temperatures. Because neither the rosin nor .the petroleum resin stain or I decompose into staining ingredients, my composition does not stain the carcass upon which it is used. There arev many other advantages which, all to ether, make it an ideal depilatory composition.

Mycomposition is easy to employ; If a poultry carcass is to be cleaned, the large feathers are plucked in theusual manner. If a hog carcass is to be cleaned it is first cleaned and scraped to remove dirt and some of the hair.

perature of 250 to 325 F. and is quite molten. This molten composition is then sprayed or My composition, in the meantime, has been brought to a tem- I claim: 1. A depilatory composition comprising a major proportion of rosin and a minor proportion (but not less than 1 of a petroleum resin which is substantially free from asphalt, and which has a pour point of F., plus or minus 10, a Saybolt Furol viscosity at 210 F. of approximately '115 seconds, a penetration at 32 F. of about 106,

and a penetration at 77 F. of greater than 420'.

2. A depilatory composition comprising essentially 60 to parts of rosin, and 40 to 10 parts of a petroleum resin which is substantially free from asphalt, and which has a pour point 01 75 F.,

plus or minus 10", a Saybolt Furol viscosity at 210 F. of approximately seconds, a penetration at 32 F. of about 106, and a penetration at 77 F. of greater than 420.

THOMAS NORMAN W'EISKIRCH.