US2258821A - Method of preparing a hydrocarbon - Google Patents
Method of preparing a hydrocarbon Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2258821A US2258821A US2258821DA US2258821A US 2258821 A US2258821 A US 2258821A US 2258821D A US2258821D A US 2258821DA US 2258821 A US2258821 A US 2258821A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tar
- reformer
- fractions
- overhead
- naphtha
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title description 12
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 description 62
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 48
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 48
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 26
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SXQXMKMHOFIAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloro-2-(2,2-dichloroethoxy)ethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)COCC(Cl)Cl SXQXMKMHOFIAHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Loratadine Chemical compound C1CN(C(=O)OCC)CCC1=C1C2=NC=CC=C2CCC2=CC(Cl)=CC=C21 JCCNYMKQOSZNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005504 petroleum refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F240/00—Copolymers of hydrocarbons and mineral oils, e.g. petroleum resins
Definitions
- This invention relates to drying oils and in particular to drying oils obtained from hydrocarbon oil.
- drying oils suitable for use in paints and varnishes could be obtained from various fractions of mineral oils, especially from various fractions of cracked oils and/or the polymers separated from such oils.
- Thepresent invention is concerned with drying oils obtained from the residual tar resulting from the reforming of naphtha.
- crude oil is first distilled under atmospheric pressures to produce, in addition to other fractions, naphthas and gas oil.
- the heavy naphthas so obtained constitute the major 'constituent of straight run gasoline, and the gas oil is usually cracked to obtain gasoline fractions and residual tar.
- reforming refers to the treatment of distillates in the motor fuel vdistil- 35 lation range under conditions to produce gasolines having improved antiknock characteristics.
- the tar resulting from the reforming process is referred to as naphtha reformer tar.
- the naphtha reforming tars possess desirable fractions which are highly satisfactory as drying oils.
- the desired fractions of th reformer tar are particular overhead fractions, which are hereinafter more fully described, or the bottoms obtained by the reduction of naphtha reformer tar, particularly the reduced bottoms having Saybolt Universal viscosities at 210 F. ranging from about '70 seconds to about 300 seconds.
- the process of treat- 3 'ing heavy naphthas under severe conditions is reformer tar increases.
- a reformer tar resulting from the reforming of heavy naphtha to a motor fuel having 69 octane number when reduced to a bottom having a Saybolt Uni- 5 versal viscosity at 210 F. of about 300 seconds had an iodine number, as determined by the Hanus method, of about 94, whereas a reformer tar resulting from the reforming of a heavy naphtha to a motor fuel having a 65 octane number when reduced to a bottom having a Saybolt that certain selected overhead fractions obtained during the reduction of the naphtha reformer tar also possess desirable siccative properties. It has been discovered that the drying property,
- the reduced reformer tars or the high iodine number overhead fractions of reformer tars may be used as such as drying oils or they may be used in admixture with other drying oils, such as linseed oil China-wood oil, etc. Y
- the method of preparing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil characteristics which comprises reforming a heavy naphtha at a temperature ranging from about 980 F. to about 1250 F. and under pressures ranging from about atmospheric pressure to about 750 pounds per square inch, recovering a motor fuel distillate having an octane number of at least about and a reformer tar, and reducing said reformer tar to obtain at least two fractions, at least one of said fractions having a Saybolt Universal viscosity between about 35 seconds and about 100 seconds at 100 F. and a Hanus iodine number between about 75 and about 100. v
- the method of producing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil properties which comprises v reforming a heavy naphtha to produce a distillate having an octane number of at least about 65 and a residual tar, distilling said residual tar into overhead fractions while observing the iodine number of said overhead fractions until the iodine number of said overhead fractions after having risen to a maximum is observed to have fallen again as the distillation of said residuum is continued and recovering separately the overhead cuts having iodine numbers in the desired range.
- the method of preparing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil characteristics comprisingv reforming a heavy naphtha at a temperature ranging from about 980F. to about 1250 F. and under a pressure ranging from about atmospheric pressure to about 750 pounds per square inch, recovering a motor fuel distillate having an octane number of at least about 65 and a reformer tar, distilling said reformer tar to obtain a bottoms having a Saybolt Universal ,viscosity at 210 F. between about seconds and about 300 seconds and an overhead distillate having a Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100 F. between about 35 seconds and about 100 seconds and a Hanus iodine number between about and about 100.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct'. 14, 1941 METHOD OF PREPARING A HYDROCARBON OIL HAVING DRYING OIL CHARACTERIS- TICS Herbert M. Steininger, Kansas City, Mo., and Roy J. Diwoky, Chicago, Ill., assignors to Standard Oil Company, Chicago, 11]., a corporation of Indiana No Drawing. Application July so, 1938,
Serial No. 222,116
3 Claims. (01. 196-50) This invention relates to drying oils and in particular to drying oils obtained from hydrocarbon oil.
It has been known heretofore that drying oils suitable for use in paints and varnishes could be obtained from various fractions of mineral oils, especially from various fractions of cracked oils and/or the polymers separated from such oils.
Thepresent invention is concerned with drying oils obtained from the residual tar resulting from the reforming of naphtha. In the production of gasoline, crude oil is first distilled under atmospheric pressures to produce, in addition to other fractions, naphthas and gas oil. The heavy naphthas so obtained constitute the major 'constituent of straight run gasoline, and the gas oil is usually cracked to obtain gasoline fractions and residual tar. More recently, clue to the necessity of producing gasolines having higher octane referred to in the petroleum refining art as reforming and as used herein and in the appended claims the term reforming refers to the treatment of distillates in the motor fuel vdistil- 35 lation range under conditions to produce gasolines having improved antiknock characteristics. The tar resulting from the reforming process is referred to as naphtha reformer tar.
It has been discovered that the naphtha reforming tars possess desirable fractions which are highly satisfactory as drying oils. The desired fractions of th reformer tar are particular overhead fractions, which are hereinafter more fully described, or the bottoms obtained by the reduction of naphtha reformer tar, particularly the reduced bottoms having Saybolt Universal viscosities at 210 F. ranging from about '70 seconds to about 300 seconds.
It has been further discovered that the siccative property of these fractions increases with the severity of the conditions of reforming; that is, as th octane number of the motor fuel obtained in the reforming process increases, the
The process of treat- 3 'ing heavy naphthas under severe conditions is reformer tar increases. For example, a reformer tar resulting from the reforming of heavy naphtha to a motor fuel having 69 octane number when reduced to a bottom having a Saybolt Uni- 5 versal viscosity at 210 F. of about 300 seconds had an iodine number, as determined by the Hanus method, of about 94, whereas a reformer tar resulting from the reforming of a heavy naphtha to a motor fuel having a 65 octane number when reduced to a bottom having a Saybolt that certain selected overhead fractions obtained during the reduction of the naphtha reformer tar also possess desirable siccative properties. It has been discovered that the drying property,
as indicated by the iodine number, of the various overhead fractions obtained during the reduction of naphtha reformer tar increases to a maximum with the increase in the viscosity of the overhead fractions, and then decreases as the viscosity of the overhead fractions continues to increase. This phenomenon is exemplified by the following data obtained from a reformer tar from the reforming of a heavy naphtha to a '65 octane number motor fuel. The reformer tar before reduction had an iodine number of 33. I
0 Viscosity-iodine number relationship of overhead fractions from reformer tar Saybolt viscosity at 100 F. of overhead fraction g z fig gi The data tabulated above were obtained by fractionating a reformed heavy naphtha into a series of very narrow cuts and determining the 4 viscosity and iodine number of each. The overhead fraction having a Saybolt viscosity at 100 F. of 35 seconds represents the seventh cut and about 2.8% by volume of the charge after about 80% by volume had been distilled over. The
50 fraction having a Saybolt viscosity at 100 F.
of 89 seconds represents the 24th out and about 0.28% by volume of the charge after about 90% by volume had been distilled over. These data show that even in a naphtha reformer tar from drying property of the selected fractions of the a octane number fuel there are overhead fractions which have highly desirable drying properties. These desirable overhead fractions from naphtha reformer tar represent from about 10% to about 15% of the total charge after about 80% by volume has been distilled over. The de- 5 sirable overhead cut may vary with the type of crude oil used, althoughfor most crude oils the desirable cut is the fraction which represents from about to about 20% of the total charge after from about 65% to about 85% by volume 10 has been distilled over. In general it will be found that the overhead fractions from a reformer tar which have Saybolt viscosities at 100 F. ranging from about 35 seconds to about 100 seconds and Hanus iodine numbers ranging from about '75 to 100 are th most suitable as drying oils.
In the course of the reduction of the naphtha reformer tar several bottom samples were taken which show the following properties:
Bottoms from reduction of naphtha reformer tar Iodine num- Saybolt viscosity at 210 F. (seconds) bet (mums) It will be observed that the bottoms resulting from the reduction of a naphtha reformer tar possess good drying properties.
In addition to the foregoing methods of obtaining petroleum fractions having drying oil characteristics, it has been discovered that similar products can be obtained from reformer tars by extracting the same with a suitable solvent having selective amnity for unsaturated compounds. For example, the extract obtained in the extraction of reformer tar with liquefied sulfur dioxide possesses desirable drying oil characteristics. Ex-- amples of the other solvents whichmay be employed are beta beta dichlorethyl ether, nitrobenzene, furfural, phenol, etc.
The reduced reformer tars or the high iodine number overhead fractions of reformer tars may be used as such as drying oils or they may be used in admixture with other drying oils, such as linseed oil China-wood oil, etc. Y
Although the invention has been described with respect to certain specific embodiments thereof, it is not intended to limit the scope thereto except as indicated in the appended claims.
We claim:
1. The method of preparing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil characteristics which comprises reforming a heavy naphtha at a temperature ranging from about 980 F. to about 1250 F. and under pressures ranging from about atmospheric pressure to about 750 pounds per square inch, recovering a motor fuel distillate having an octane number of at least about and a reformer tar, and reducing said reformer tar to obtain at least two fractions, at least one of said fractions having a Saybolt Universal viscosity between about 35 seconds and about 100 seconds at 100 F. and a Hanus iodine number between about 75 and about 100. v
2. The method of producing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil properties which comprises v reforming a heavy naphtha to produce a distillate having an octane number of at least about 65 and a residual tar, distilling said residual tar into overhead fractions while observing the iodine number of said overhead fractions until the iodine number of said overhead fractions after having risen to a maximum is observed to have fallen again as the distillation of said residuum is continued and recovering separately the overhead cuts having iodine numbers in the desired range.
3. The method of preparing a hydrocarbon oil having drying oil characteristics comprisingv reforming a heavy naphtha at a temperature ranging from about 980F. to about 1250 F. and under a pressure ranging from about atmospheric pressure to about 750 pounds per square inch, recovering a motor fuel distillate having an octane number of at least about 65 and a reformer tar, distilling said reformer tar to obtain a bottoms having a Saybolt Universal ,viscosity at 210 F. between about seconds and about 300 seconds and an overhead distillate having a Saybolt Universal viscosity at 100 F. between about 35 seconds and about 100 seconds and a Hanus iodine number between about and about 100.
,HERBERT M. S'IEININGER.
ROY J. DIWOKY.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2258821A true US2258821A (en) | 1941-10-14 |
Family
ID=3432209
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US2258821D Expired - Lifetime US2258821A (en) | Method of preparing a hydrocarbon |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2258821A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422002A (en) * | 1944-03-20 | 1947-06-10 | California Research Corp | Neutral, highly unsaturated polymeric composition and method for producing same |
-
0
- US US2258821D patent/US2258821A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2422002A (en) * | 1944-03-20 | 1947-06-10 | California Research Corp | Neutral, highly unsaturated polymeric composition and method for producing same |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2337473A (en) | Sulphurization of hydrocarbons | |
US4054512A (en) | Deasphalting with liquid hydrogen sulfide | |
US2366490A (en) | Production of diesel fuels | |
US1919722A (en) | Toltos hymah | |
US2258821A (en) | Method of preparing a hydrocarbon | |
US2131195A (en) | Production of drying oils | |
US2370533A (en) | Cracking and reforming of hydrocarbons | |
US2507861A (en) | Solvent refining of light oils | |
US2414252A (en) | Solvent separation of hydrocarbons | |
US2431243A (en) | Conversion of hydrocarbon oils | |
US2280227A (en) | Refining of petroleum distillates | |
US2093843A (en) | Hydrogenation and cracking of oils | |
US2399805A (en) | Production of aviation gasoline | |
STEININGER et al. | Other Classes | |
US2146147A (en) | Propane-solvent treating process | |
US2879219A (en) | Asphalt composition, an additive there-for and method for producing same | |
US2092199A (en) | Solvent fractionation of hydrocarbon oils | |
US2160136A (en) | Improving solvents | |
US2193772A (en) | Conversion of hydrocarbon oils and gases | |
US2895903A (en) | Production of lubricating oil components of high viscosity index | |
US1988713A (en) | Fractionation of mineral oil | |
US2104049A (en) | Treatment of motor fuel | |
US2228507A (en) | Solvent refining of hydrocarbon oil | |
US2939832A (en) | Blended gasolines | |
US2106232A (en) | Production of high quality lubricating oils |