US2250378A - Cylinder construction for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Description

y 1941- A. HOUMOLLER 2,250,378

CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Feb. 10; 1939 Q I 9 I I I 3 I a j Il -6 5'3"5 I 'l 49 I 6 i 5 I' VA I 3 E I I 4 l I II I I I I T -I '"O l I F/ z. I 'I I Patented July 22, 1941 CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTIONENGINES Adolf Houmoller, Charlotteulund,.near Copenhagen, Denmark Application February '10, 1939, Serial No. 255,744 In Denmark December 17, 1938 6 Claims. (01. 123-173) Diesel engines are known having the cylinder bipartite in such a manner that the two cylinder liners produced by the division rest direct one on the other, being held together by the pressure of long stay bolts. This design suffers from the drawback that the elongation of the topmost portion of the cylinder liner arising from the heat per flange afllxed to a cylinder frame resting'on expansion must be taken up by the'stay bolts,

this necessitating a suitable long length or a special construction of the latter. By the construction described furthermore the influence on the cylinder cover is increased.-

This present invention relates to a multipar tite, especially bipartite cylinder construction, which according to the invention is built in that special manner that theupper cylinder liner is freely suspended, that is suspended at or in the vicinity of its topmost end, so that it may expand freely in a dowriwardly direction. It is hereby obtained that the assembly bolts of the machine need not take up any strain deriving from the heat expansion of the said portion of the cylinder liner.

It is per se knownto build engines'having a freely suspended cylinder liner, but the latter is not, in such case multipartite, and will therefore have free heat expansion in a downwardly direction. cially to ensure for the topmost portion of a, bipartite cylinder liner a similar freedom for expansion in a downwardly direction, but the principle of the invention may be adapted also to This present invention purports espe-' cylinder liners divided into three or more parts disposed one above the other. cylinder liner is in such case arranged in such a manner that not only the uppermost portion is suspended at the top and ensured free heat expansion downwardly, but the liner parts lying further downwardly are mounted in a similar manner in that each of the two or more cylinder liners constituting the cylinder are suspended separately in different parts of the machines frame construction, and in such a manner that all the liner parts may expand freely in a downwardly direction during the heatexpansion. I

The cylinder construction is in practice preferably built so that the cylinder liner is divided into two parts and insuch a manner that the lower cylinder liner will be suspended in thema chine's relatively low frames, or in a scavenging air belt carried by the frames. This scavenging air belt generally takes the form of a horizontal through girder in the machine. The up- The multipartite the cover, which in turn is suspended by an upthe frames, or on the scavenging air beltresting on the frames. It is hereby obtained that the cylinder framemay be assembled with the scavenging air belt, or possibly direct with the lower frame by means oi relatively short bolts, so that the upper cylinder liner may be removed separately, the lower liner remaining in the machine and forming a guide for ;the pi ston. The piston may, when the top portionof the machine and the upper liner have been removed, be inspected, repaired or if so desired removed in an easy manner. The said relatively short assembly bolts need not take up any strain deriving from the heat expansion of the upper cylinder. liner or from the cylinder as such, but will only have to take up the gas pressure.

In order to ensure the correct relative positions of the two cylinder liners, the lower portion or bottom edge of the upper cylinder, liner is normally guided in a recess in the top of the lower liner, the recess having so much clearance that the upper liner will never rest on the lower liner; hence the heat expansion will not be obstructed.

A similar guiding may also be used if the cylintion line IIII of Figure 1.

In the constructional form for the invention as shown on the drawing the cylinder is bipartite.

'The upper cylinder liner l is by means of the flange 2 suspended in a cover 3 with a suitable outwardly projecting flange 8, and by assembly bolts not shown. I The cover 3 has an outwardly.

projecting flange 9 at the top, and is by means of bolts (not shown) screwed on to an inwardly projecting upper flange l0 on a cylinder frame 4, whichatthe bottom rests on a scavenging air belt 5. From a blower scavenging air is admitted into the scavenging air belt through a piping I! which may be common to several cylinders. The air enters the scavenging air belt through an opening Ill. The scavenging air belt 5 forms generally a horizontal, longitudinaly extending girder in the machine, and is carried by the frames 1 which form the bottom part of the machine's frame construction, or which may possibly at the bottom rest on a bed frame. The

parts-5 and 1 are assembled bymeans of stay tion of the lower cylinder liner ii.

bolts IS. The cylinder frame 4 is, as shown by thedrawing, assembled with thescavenging air belt 5 by means of comparatively short assembly bolts i I. When the bolts tightening nuts I2 are removed, the piston-which, for the sake of distinctness, is not shown on the drawing-may, following the removal of the top portion of the machine and the upper cylinder liner i. be inspected in an easy manner, and for instance fitted with new rings, the lower liner 6 remaining in the machine and forming a guide for the piston.

The lower liner 6- in which are the scavenging air ports i9 is at its top end suspended in a scavenging air belt 5, for instance as shown on the drawing, resting with a fiange i3 on an inwardly directed flange it at the top of the scavenging air belt.

In order to ensure the mutual guiding of the two cylinders liners i and ii, and at the same time provide space for the heat expansion of the upper liner i, the lower portion or edge of the latter is guided in a recess i i in the top por- The recess ii is of such depth that the upper liner i may expand freely due to heat, without treading on the bottom of the recess. If desired an outward the lower portion of the liner i, so that a suitable resilient packing may be inserted'between the said projection and the flange I? on the lower liner 6.

The cylinder construction as a whole is built so as to ensure that both the upper and the lower cylinder liners may have free heat expansion in a downwardly direction, and it will be seen from the drawing further, that the lower cylinder liner it may be constructed with a removable skirting.

The invention is not confined to a bipartite cylinder construction, seeing that the cylinder liner may be divided into more than two parts, each of which are arranged so as to be suspended separately'at or in the vicinity of the top end, and each being carried separately by the machine's outer frame construction, and in such a manner that the parts constituting the cylinder lining will all have free heat expansion in a downwardly direction.

If so desired, the upper cylinder liner i may, instead of being suspended in the cover 3 as shown in thedrawing, be suspended in such a manner that it rests on th upper side of the cylinder frame 6 with an outwardly projecting flange, in a manner similar to that in which the liner ii with the flange l3 rests on the upper side of the scavenging air belt 5. If the upper having free heat expansion downwardly, and the lower liner part placed below the said upper liner part being likewise carried at its top in the outer frame construction of the engine and having free heat expansion downwardly.

2. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines comprising an outer frame construction and a cylinder liner and a cover, said liner being divided into upper and lower parts, and upper liner part beingcarried at its top in the outer frame construction of the engine, preferably by means of the cover, and having free heat expansion downwardly. and the upper liner part being guided with its lower part in a recess in th top of the lower liner part placed below the said upper liner part, and said recess being so deep that free heat expansion downwardly of the former liner part is secured by means of the recess. I

3. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines comprising an outer frame construction provided with a scavenging air belt and a cylinder liner, said liner being divided into upper and lower parts, the upper liner part being carried at its top in the outer frame construction of the engine, and having free heat expansion downwardly, and the lower liner part being carried at its top in the scavenging air belt of th frame construction and having free heat expansion downwardly,

i. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines comprising an outer frame construction provided with a scavenging air belt a cylinder liner and a cover, said liner being divided into upper and lower parts, the upper liner part being suspended from the cover of the cylinder construction, the said cover being carried by said cylinder frame resting, on said liner is arranged so as to rest on the top edge of the cylinder frame 4 with an outwardly projecting flange, then the cylinder frame 4 must be shaped in such a manner that the-cover can be affixed at the top of the cylinder frame. This may possibly be effected by using only one series of assembly bolts, which-at the same time ensure tightness between the cover and the'upper cylinder liner, serving further to secure the cover to the cylinder frame.

I claim:

1. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines comprising an outer frame construction and a cylinder liner, said liner being divided into upper and lower parts, the upper liner part being carried at its top in the outer frame construction of the engine and scavenging air belt of the frame construction, the lower liner part being carried at its top in the said scavenging air belt, and having free heat expansion downwardly. and the upper liner part being guided with its lower part in a recess in the top of the'lower liner part placed below the said upper liner part, the said recess being so deep that free heat expansion downwardly of the upper liner part is secured by means of the recess.

5. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines, comprising an outer frame construction'and a cylinder liner, the said liner being divided into an upper liner part and a plurality of lower liner parts, said upper liner part being carried at its top in the outer frame construction of the engine and having free heat expansion downwardly, the liner part placed below the said upper liner part being likewise carried at itstop in the outer frame construction of the engine and having free heat expansion downwardly, and the upper liner part being guided with its lower part in a recess in the top of the said lower liner part placed below the said upper liner part, the said recess being so deep that free heat expansion downwardly of the upper liner part is secured by means of the recess.

6. A cylinder construction for single-acting internal combustion engines, comprising an outer frame construction and a cylinder liner, said liner being divided into a plurality of liner parts each part being carried at its respective top by the outer frame construction of the engine and having free heat expansion downwardly.

ADOLF HOUMOLLER.

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