US2247201A - Circuit breaker operating means - Google Patents

Circuit breaker operating means Download PDF

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Publication number
US2247201A
US2247201A US240711A US24071138A US2247201A US 2247201 A US2247201 A US 2247201A US 240711 A US240711 A US 240711A US 24071138 A US24071138 A US 24071138A US 2247201 A US2247201 A US 2247201A
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United States
Prior art keywords
valve
cylinder
actuating
piston
fluid
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Expired - Lifetime
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US240711A
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English (en)
Inventor
Loos Alfred
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Westinghouse Electric Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2247201A publication Critical patent/US2247201A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H33/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator
    • H01H33/32—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using fluid actuator pneumatic

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to fluid pressure operating means for circuit breakers and similar devices, and more particularly to an automatic valve for the fluid pressure operating system.
  • An object of the invention is the provision of Q a fluid pressure operating means or system for a circuit breaker which will operate at a substantially constant safe speed irrespective of variations in load conditions at the circuit breaker.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a fluid pressure operating means with an automatic valve between the source of fluid pressure and the actuating piston Which automatically controls the flow of fluid to the piston in accordance with the load condition on the piston.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker, with an automatic valve between the source of fluid pressure and the actuating piston which remains closed under no load operation of the breaker to provide for a restricted flow of fluid to the actuating piston and which automatically opens when the breaker is operated at normal or full load to provide a substantially free flow of fluid to the actuating piston.
  • Another object of the invention is the provision of a fluid pressure operating means with an automatic valve between the source of fluid pressure and the actuating piston which automatically controls the flow of fluid to the piston in accordance with the load condition on the piston, and which also serves to automatically damp the starting of the piston.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an automatic valve constructed in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View of a modified form of valve, which is built into the end of the actuating cylinder, and
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a fluid operating means for a circuit breaker embodying the automatic valve shown in Fig. 1.
  • the reference numeral 5 designates schematically 9, circuit breaker having a stationary contact means i and a movable contact 9.
  • the movable contact 9 is carried by an insulating rod H and is movable thereby into and out of engagement with the stationary contact means I.
  • the mechanism for operating the circuit breaker is shown schematically in Fig. 3 and comprises a fluid pressure actuating cylinder l3 and a fluid pressure actuating piston 15 movable in the cylinder :3.
  • the actuating piston l5 may be connected directly to the breaker rod H through the agency of a piston rod ll and a pivoted bell crank lever it; or the piston may be connected to the control pump of a suitable hydraulic operating means for actuating the breaker rod H, as per example, a hydraulic operating means of the type shown and completely described in the copending application of Paul Dufling and D. Reich, Serial No. 235,608, flled October 18, 1938 and assigned to the assignee of the present invention.
  • the actuating piston is biased in an opening direction towards the left to effect opening of the breaker 5 by means of a compression spring 2
  • a source of fluid pressure comprising a fluid pressure container 23 is connected to the left-hand end of the actuating cylinder l3 by means of a fluid pressure conductor 25. Included in the conductor 25 is a control valve 2i.
  • the control valve 2? is operable when moved to open position to connect the source of fluid pressure to the cylinder and admit fluid under pressure to the left-hand end of the cylinder It to cause movement of the actuating piston I5 to the right against the action of the opening spring 2'! to effect closing of the circuit breaker.
  • the control valve 21 is also operable when moved to a closed position to cut off the supply of fluid under pressure to the cylinder l3 and at the same time to release the fluid under pressure from the cylinder through an exhaust port to the outside air thus allowing the opening spring 2
  • the power required to operate the circuit breaker at no load is usually much lower than that required at full load. This results from the fact that during closing of a breaker under load conditions, the current begins to flow through the contacts and arcs drawn between the contacts some time before the breaker is completely closed, and this flow of current sets up considerable magnetic forces which oppose closing of the breaker. For example, in breakers having movable bridging contacts, the current flows in a curved path through the contacts and produces a magnetic field which reacts to oppose closing of the breaker. In breakers having arc extinguishers of the expansion or explosion type, the arc formed between the contacts during closing cause the generation of gas under pressure which acts on the movable contact to oppose closing of the breaker.
  • an automatic valve 29 in the connecting means between the control valve 21 and the actuating cylinder IS.
  • the automatic valve 29 is operable When the control valve is opened to automatically control the flow of fluid to the cylinder I3 in accordance with the load conditions on the actuating piston Hi.
  • the automatic valve provides a restricted flow of fluid to the actuating cylinder when the breaker is operated at no load, and a substantially free flow of fluid to the cylinder I3 when the breaker is operated at full load.
  • the automatic valve 29 for controlling the flow of fluid to the actuating cylinder l3 comprises a valve housing 3! provided with a valve seat 33 which divides the interior of the housing 3
  • the valve seat 33 is provided with a relatviely large valve opening 39 which connects the chambers 35 and 37 with one another when the valve 29 is open.
  • is mounted in the valve housing 3
  • the chambers 35 and 37 are continuously in communication with each other even when the valve member 4
  • the passage 43 may be formed in the valve seat 33 instead of in the valve member 4!, as shown in Fig. 1.
  • the automatic valve 29 is connected in the fluid pressure conducting means 25 between the control valve 21 and the actuating cylinder IS with the valve chamber 35 communicating with the control valve 27, and with the valve chamber 3'! communicating with the actuating cylinder I3.
  • is adapted to be moved to open position or to remain in the closed position when the control valve 2115 opened, in accordance with whether the breaker is operated under load or under no load conditions.
  • is carried by a relatively short rod 45 which extends into a bell shaped hollow body 41 disposed in the chamber 37.
  • the hollow body 47 forms an actuating cylinder for the valve member 4
  • the hollow body 41' and the struts A9 are preferably cast or formed integral with the valve housing 3
  • is secured to the right-hand end of the rod 45, and the piston 5
  • a compression spring 59 is disposed in the hollow body 41 between the closed end of the body 41 and the valve actuating piston 5
  • the interior of the hollow body 4'! is in continuous communication with the air outside of the valve housing 3
  • FIG. 2 A slightly modified form of the automatic valve is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the main elements of the valve shown in Fig. 2, with the exception of the valve housing, are identical in structure to the corresponding elements of the valve shown in Fig. l, and the corresponding identical parts are designated by the same reference characters. Since the main elements of the valve have already been described in detail in connection with Fig. 1 it is not deemed necessary to again describe these elements in connection with Fig. 2.
  • the valve housing 63 in this modification of the invention is formed to provide an end closure or cover for the actuating cylinder
  • valve housing 63 is adapted to be secured to the end of the actuating cylinder is so that the valve housing serves as an end closure or cover for the cylinder I3,
  • therein are not shown in this figure since they extend in a direction perpe dicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the operation of the automatic valve is briefly as follows.
  • the medium under pressure which in the present instance may be compressed air
  • the medium under pressure flows from the source 23 through the control valve 27, the fluid pressure conductor 25, and through the passages 43 in the normally closed valve member 4
  • remains in losed D ition, as shown in Figs.
  • the relatively small-passages 43 permit only a restricted flow of fluid to the actuating cylinder I3 so that the operating means and breaker are not operated at an excessively high speed during this no load operation of the circuit breaker. If the circuit breaker is operated under normal or full load conditions when the control valve 21 is opened, the fluid under pressure flows through the passages 43 in the closed valve member 4
  • the pressure in the actuating cylinder l3 and consequently in the chamber 31 of the automatic valve 29 rises rapidly and when the pressure reaches a predetermined value, it causes movement of the valve actuating piston towards the left in Fig, 1, or upwardly in Fig. 2 to eifect opening of the valve member 4
  • When the valve member 4
  • If the valve member 4
  • This greater pressure or force is due partially to the air pressure in the chamber 35 acting against the back of the valve 4
  • once opened will thus remain in full open position until the control valve has been operated to shut off the air pressure.
  • is returned to its closed position by means of the biasing spring 59.
  • a rubber bumper ring 61 may be provided in the hollow body to serve as an impulse damper for the valve actuating piston 5
  • Since the valve member 4
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker, an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source. of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of the load on said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a valve member which is movable to open and to closed positions, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber communicating with said cylinder, said automatic valve having passages for continuously connecting said chambers to provide restricted flow of fluid to said cylinder when said control valve is opened even though said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position, operating means in the chamber communicating with said cylinder operable in response to predetermined pressure conditions in the chamber to move said valve member to open position, said automatic valve having means for causing said valve member to
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker, an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of the load on said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a valve member which is movable to open and to closed position, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber communicating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having passages for continuously connecting said chambers to permit restricted flow of fluid to said actuating cylinder when said control valve is opened even though said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position, and valve operating means separate from said valve member and connected thereto disposed in the valve chamber which communicates with the actuating cylinder for moving said valve member to open position when
  • a fluid pressure operating means an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of the load on said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a valve member which is movable to open and to closed position, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber communicating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having passages which continuously connect said chambers with each other to permit restricted flow of fluid to' said actuating cylinder when said control valve is opened even though said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position with a predetermined :force, a hollow body forming a valve operating cylinder disposed in the chamber which communicates with said actuating cylinder, a valve operating piston movable in said hollow
  • a'fluid pressure operating means an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to saidcylinder in accordance with the magnitude I of the load on said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a valve member which is movable to open and to closedposition one'of-said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber communicating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having passages which continuously connect said chambers with each other to permit restricted flow of fluid to said actuating cylinder when said control valve is opened even though said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position with a predetermined force, a hollow body forming a valve operating cylinder disposed in the chamber which communicates with said actuating cylinder, a valve operating piston movable in
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston,means-connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of the loadon said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by'a valve member which is movable to open and to closed position, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber communicating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having passages which continuously connect said chambers with each other to permit restricted flow of fluid to said actuating cylinder when saidcontrol valve is opened even though said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position with a predetermined force, a hollow body forming a valve operating cylinder disposed in the chamber which communicates with said actuating
  • valve operating piston movable in said hollow body and connected to said valve member for moving said valve member to open position when the pressure in said chamber which communicates with said actuating cylinder exceeds a predetermined value, and means connecting the interior of said hollow body with the outside air.
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker, an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connecting means for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of the load on said piston when said control valve is opened
  • said automatic valve comprising a valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a valve member which is movable to open and to closed position, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve-and the other chamber communicating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having at least one passage which continuously connects the chambers to permit restricted flow of fluid to said actuating cylinder when said control valve is opened even the said valve member is in closed position, spring means biasing said valve member to closed position, a hollow open ended bodydisposed in the chamber which communicates with the actuating cylinder, a diaphragm closing the open end of said
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit breaker, an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, means including a control valve for connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, and an automatic valve for controlling the flow of fluid to said cylinder in accordance with the load conditions on said piston when said control valve is opened, said automatic valve comprising a valve housing on the end of said actuating cylinder forming a closure for the end of said cylinder, said valve housing having a pair of chambers separated by a movable valve member, one of said chambers communicating with said control valve and the other chamber com- *municating with said actuating cylinder, said automatic valve having passages for permitting restricted flow of fluid to said cylinder when said r control valve is opened and said valve member is in closed position, and having separate actuating means connected to said valve member and disposed in the valve chamber communicating with said cylinder for causing movement of said valve member to open position when the pressure in said cylinder
  • a fluid pressure operating means for a circuit break r an actuating cylinder, an actuating piston in said cylinder for actuating said breaker, a source of fluid pressure for operating said piston, 1116-3215 connecting said source of fluid pressure to said cylinder, a control valve in said connecting means, and an automatic valve in said connectingmeans for controlling the flow of fluid to'said cylinder in accordance with the magnitude of theload onsaid piston, said automatic valve having a closed position in which .it

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US240711A 1937-11-30 1938-11-16 Circuit breaker operating means Expired - Lifetime US2247201A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2247201X 1937-11-30

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2485853A (en) * 1946-08-03 1949-10-25 George D Willet Dirigible trailer
US2524114A (en) * 1946-04-03 1950-10-03 Gustave C Millat Fluid valve
US2669971A (en) * 1949-05-18 1954-02-23 John D Mooney Hydraulic reversing transmission
US2900469A (en) * 1954-01-15 1959-08-18 Gratzmuller Jean Louis Circuit-breaker control device
US3240474A (en) * 1957-09-26 1966-03-15 Dba Sa Hoisting winch
US3877344A (en) * 1973-03-02 1975-04-15 Allis Chalmers Cushioned hydraulic actuator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2524114A (en) * 1946-04-03 1950-10-03 Gustave C Millat Fluid valve
US2485853A (en) * 1946-08-03 1949-10-25 George D Willet Dirigible trailer
US2669971A (en) * 1949-05-18 1954-02-23 John D Mooney Hydraulic reversing transmission
US2900469A (en) * 1954-01-15 1959-08-18 Gratzmuller Jean Louis Circuit-breaker control device
US3240474A (en) * 1957-09-26 1966-03-15 Dba Sa Hoisting winch
US3877344A (en) * 1973-03-02 1975-04-15 Allis Chalmers Cushioned hydraulic actuator

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