US2244350A - Gauge - Google Patents

Description

June 3, 1941- c. N. suGDr-:N E-rAL 2,244,350

GAUGE Filed Nov. 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jm 3Q 1941 c. N. sUGDEN Erm. 2,244,350

GAUGE Filed NOV. 1,9, 19.58 Sheets-Shea?. 2

I 59 I 56 I 3 57 66a J3 55 l gg 69 56 l Z l lI A ,Z-Tczferov's dzwfwzzjmsfugczem Samuel Jlcrb 7gg/wr@ a@ Patented June 3, 1941 GAUGE Clifford N. Sugden, Bridgeport, Conn., and Samuel Kahn, New York, N. Y., assignors to Manning, Maxwell & Moore, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey Application November 19, 1938, Serial No. 241,478

(Cl. Z4-98) 22 claim.

This invention pertains to gauges such, for example, as are used for indicating the pressure of duid, and relates more particularly to an improved gauge movement designed to provide high accuracy, strength, durability, and simplicity of design, and at the same time to eliminate certain difficulties commonly encountered in manufacturing gauges, particularly when reliability of the completed gauge is regarded by the manufacturer as a matter of substantial importance.

As ordinarily constructed, a gauge movement comprises two substantially parallel supporting plates held in properly spaced relation `by shouldered posts or pillars and having openings which form the bearings for the pinion and segment staiis or in which are set bushings which ln turn form such bearings. Obviously, in order to ensure accuracy, durability and ease of operation, the bearings in the two plates must be truly aligned; the distance between the axes of the two staii's must be accurately fixed and unchanging since excessive backlash between the segment gear and pinion results in uncertainty of gauge reading as well as excessive Wear; the axes of the staffs should be accurately parallel; and the plates must be rigidly and firmly united.

Accordingly, in the manufacture of such gauges the maker, if desirous of producing a truly reliable and accurate mechanism, must consider among others the following factors: First, the proper center-to-center distance between the pillar-locating holes in the two plates; the concentricity of the turned portions at opposite ends of each pillar; the shoulder-to-shoulder distance on each pillar between those turned portions of the pillar which enter the openings in the plate; the squareness and tightness of nt of the turned portions of the pillars in the openings in the respective plates; the accuracy of the distance between centers of the bearing openings for the pinion and segment staffs, or, if bearing bushings are employed, the accurate concentricity of the bearing openings in the bushings and the outer surfaces of the bushings; the accurate location of the bearing openings and the pillar-receiving openings in the plates, both as respects each plate independently and in the final assembly in which the two plates are held in spaced relation by the pillars; the exactness with which the pitch diameters of the pinion and segment gear can be made and maintained; and the accuracy of alignment of the bearings at opposite ends of each of the staffs.

In accordance with the present invention many of the above factors may be eliminated from consideration in manufacturing the gauge. but without sacrii'lce oi the desirable qualities of accuracy, durability and simplicity in construction. Thus, in accordance with the present invention the usual top plate is omitted, and for this reason no pillars are necessary. Each staff is journaled to turn in a single elongate bearing and is supported against endwise movement by a simple thrust bearing engaging one end of the staff. Provision is also made for shifting the axis of one staff bodily toward and from the other by what amounts substantially to a micrometer adjustment so that it is possible to take upV backlash between the pinion and segment gear and thus ensure smooth and accurate running of the gauge movement.

Since each stai has but a single bearing sleeve or bushing, the problem of attempting to ensure accurate concentricity of bearings at opposite ends of each staff is eliminated, while the use of the single bearing permits centerless grinding or other highly accurate and positive manufacturing methods of controlling iinal diameter and smoothness. With this arrangement the concentricity of the internal bearing opening in the bushing with respect to the opening in the support for such bushing is of little consequence by reason of the provision for bodily adjustment of the staffs toward and from each other. Thus the internal bearing openings in the bushing may be finished, for example by reaming in the screw machine in which they are made, without necessitating any further finishing or particular care in installing them in the supporting members ol the gauge movement. Moreover, by the use ol a single bearing in place of two spaced bearings, it is permissible to employ a bearing of larger than usual diameter, thus ensuring sturdiness of construction without adding undue weight.

Referring to the accompanying drawings wherein certain desirable embodiments of the invention have been disclosed by way of example,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of a conventional Bourdon pressure tube gauge with the gauge glass and dial partly broken away to show the gauge movement, the latter embodying the improved construction of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary section substantially on the line 2-2 of Fig. l, but to larger scale;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary bottom view of the base or supporting plate for the improved gauge movement;

Fig. 4 is a rear view of the bracket member which is associated with the main or base plate of the gauge movement and which supports the bearing for the pinion staff;

Fig. is a plan view, to smaller scale, showing the completed movement;

Fig. 6 is a rear or bottom plan view of the gauge movement shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. l is a vertical section, generally similar to Fig. 2, but showing a movement of modified construction;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of an adjustable pintle pin used in the arrangement of Fig. 'l to dene the axis about which the sector staff turns;

Fig. 9 is a horizontal section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary bottom plan view of the right-hand end portion of the base plate of the gauge movement of Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is a plan view of a gauge movement of further modified construction;

Fig. 12 is a side elevation of the gauge movement of Fig. 11; and

Fig. 13 is a section generally similar to Fig. 2, but showing the gauge movement of Fig. 11 to larger scale.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral I designates a Bourdon pressure gauge of conventional type except that it embodies the features 0f improvement constituting the present invention.

This gauge includes the usual case 2 open at the front and provided with a dial and glass coverplate and encloses a fitting 3 iixed within the case and having a nipple 4 which projects out through the side wall of the case for attachment to a pipe for pressure iiuid. The fitting 3 supports the bracket 5 on which the gauge movement is mounted and also supports one end of the Bourdon tube 6. The member 5 which carries the gauge movement is rigidly, though it may be removably, secured at its lower end to the fitting 3 and preferably has a substantially circular platelike upper portion provided with an opening 5a (Fig. 2) at its center for the reception of a pivot stud 1 upon which the base plate 8 of the gauge movement is mounted for rotary adjustment. This base plate 8 is conveniently of sheet metal of a thiclmess such that it forms a rigid `support fo-r the gauge movement and is furnished with arcuate slots 9 concentric with the stud 'I for the reception of screws I0 which enter threaded holes in the support 5 and which normally hold the base plate 8 in properly adjusted position.

At the left-hand side of the base plate 8 as viewed in Figs. l and 2, there is provided a bracket I I (Fig. 4) comprising a foot portion I2 which rests upon the forward face of the base plate 8; an upright member I3, and an arm I4 which is substantially parallel to the base plate and which overhangs the stud 1. Ihis bracket is of strong and rigid material and is so formed that the parts I2 and I4 are accurately parallel. The foot I2 is furnished with a pair of elongate openings I5 (Fig. 4) designed to receive screws I6 which enter threaded openings I I (Fig. 3) in the base plate 8. By loosening these screws I 6 the entire bracket Ii may be moved from right to left as viewed in Fig. 2, relatively to the base plate 8, but the bracket is normally held rigidly to the base plate by the screws IB.

The overhanging arm I4 of the bracket is furnished with an opening IB (Fig. 4) directly above the pivot stud I and in this opening is seated the lower end of an elongate rigid bearing sleeve or bushing It. The lower end of this sleeve or bushing is swedged over at so 4as rigidly to unite Cil arm 24.

the sleeve or bushing to the arm I4 of the bracket. This sleeve or bushing I9 has an elongate journal opening therethrough, such opening being accurately finished to provide a journal bearing for the pinion stal 2|. If desired, this stati may be relieved at 22 between its end portions, thereby to reduce the friction, but its end portions are accurately iinished to form journals having a turning t within the sleeve or bushing I9. The outer end 23 of the staff 2I is preferably tapered for the reception of an index or pointer A pinion 25 is iixed to the staff 2I at a point between the inner end of the stud "I and the adjacent end of the bushing I9. Preferably an inertia disk 26 is also secured to the steif 2| adjacent to the pinion and one end of a hair spring 2'I is also fixed to the staff adjacent to the disk 26, the opposite end of the hair spring being anchored to a stud 28 which is secured with a driving fit at 29 in an opening 30 in the foot I2 of the bracket II. Preferably the stud 28 has an end portion 28a of smaller diameter which lits into an elongate slot 38X in the base plate 8, thus assisting in guiding the bracket I I when the latter is adjusted longitudinally of the base plate 8. The inner end of the staff 2| is rounded or of more or less spherical contour, as shown at 3I and rests upon the flat end surface 32 of the stud 'I. This end surface 32 constitutes a thrust bearing for the sta' 2I and may be hardened or of a suitable wear-resistant material.

At the right-hand end of the base plate 8, as viewed in Fig. 2, the plate is furnished with an opening for the reception of the end portion of a pintle pin 33 having a radial shoulder 34 which bears against the forward face of the plate 8, the end of the pin being swedged to provide a rigid union between the pin and the plate. That portion of the pin which projects beyond the shoulder 34 constitutes a pintle upc-n which turns the hollow or tubular staff 35. The upper surface of the shoulder 34 is nished at 34'd1 to provide a thrust bearing for the rear end of the hollow staff 35. The end portions of the pintle are accurately finished to provide a journal bearing for the staff 35. If desired the pintle may be relieved at 36 between its 4end portions to reduce friction. Intermediate its ends the hollow stair 35 passes through an opening in one end of a segment arm 3'I provided with the usual gear segment 38 meshing with the pinion 25. The arm 3'I is Xedly secured to the staff 35 in any desired manner, for example by swedging. The -arm 31 bears against a radial abutment flange 39 on the staff 35 and beyond this flange the stal is externally screw threaded and enters a threaded opening in one end 40 of an alongate slotted lever arm 4I. Between the end 4D of the arm 4I and the iiange 39 there is interposed a spring washer 42. With this arrangement the arm 4I may be adjusted angularly with reference to the staff 35 through an angle of as much as 360, and ordinarily the spring washer is suiiicient to retain the arm in adjusted position. However, if desired a lock nut 43 may be threaded onto the end of the staff 35 thereby positively to hold the arm 4I in adjusted position. The wide range of angular adjustment thus provided for the arm 4I adapts the gauge movement for use in a gauge having a single Bourdon tube, as shown in Fig. l, alternatively for use in a differential type of gauge in which two Bourdon tubes are used and in which it is desirable to have the arm 4I which is connected to one of the Bourdon tubes, extend inwardly toward the pinion staff 2| rather than outwardly as is here illustrated.

For retaining the stai 35 in assembled relation with the pintle 35 the latter is preferably screw threaded at its outer end, as shown at 44, for the reception of a retaining nut 45.

The arm 4| is provided with an elongate slot 46 which receives a stud 41 at the end of a link 48 which is pivotally secured by means of a stud 49 to the free end of the Bourdon tube 5. By this arrangement movement of the free end of the tube in response to pressure variation is transmitted tl'. rough the link 48 and arm 4| to the staff 35, thereby rocking the latter on the pintle, `and causing the segment gear 38 to turn the pinion 25 and thus to rotate the pinion staff 2| and the index 24.

In the arrangement thus far described the gauge movement is entirely devoid of the usual spacing posts or pillars and each of the staffs 2| and 35 is furnished with a single elongate journal bearing which receives its support at one end only. While an end thrust bearing is furnished for each of the stairs, the end thrust bearing is in each instance a simple plane surface substantially perpendicular to the axis of the staff and. exerting no restraint upon the stai so far `as its turning movement is coneerned. Further it will be noted that the bearing sleeve |9 may be moved bodily so as to shift the axis of the staff 2| .toward and from the axis of the staff 35 but without changing their normal parallel relation, the end of the stall" 2| sliding freely over the thrust bearing surface 32 during,r such adjustment. By the provision of this adjustment it is possible to take up any inaccuracies in wear or lost motion between the pinion 25 and the segment gear 38 and since in each instance the fixed bearing member, that is to say the sleeve I9 or the pintle 33 respectively, is secured. to the movement frame at one end only it is possible to finish these parts, as well as the parts which rotate in contact with them, very accurately and before assembly, with the assurance that they will run truly and accurately after being assembled.

While in the arrangement illustrated in Figs. l to 4 inclusive it is the pinion staff which is bodily adjustable for the purpose of taking up lost motion and backlash between the pinion and segment gear, it is contemplated that the pintle member may be bodily movable for the same purpose. Thus, as illustrated in Figs. 7 to l0 inclusive, most of the constituent parts of the movement, including the base plate 8a, the bracket with .its overhanging arm |48, the staff 2|, the bearing |98, the pinion 25, the pintle 33, the segment arm 31, the gear segment 38a. the slotted arm 4|, the spring washer 42a and the retaining nut 44, are substantially identical with corresponding parts of the gauge movement illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4. In this instance also the bracket, including the arm |4, may be bodily adjustable in the same way as the bracket II of Figs. l to 4. However, if desired, it may be rigidly secured to the base plate 8B with no provision for adjustment, in which event the screws Hi*i would pass through circular openings in the foot of the bracket instead of passing through elongate openings.

In the arrangement, as shown in Figs. '7 to 10, the right-hand end of the base member 8a (as viewed in Figs. l and 10) is furnished with an elongate opening 46 having substantially parallel straight side walls 41 (Fig. l0), and the pintle 338b is provided with a head having parallel sides 48 (Fig. 9) designed to slide in contact with the walls 41 of the opening 46. At the rear side of the base 8a the opening 45 is enlarged and receives a substantially circular disk 50 fixed to the rear end of the pintle 33a. The pintle also has a portion 5| which is externally screw threaded and which receives a locking nut 52X which engages the front surface of the base member lia and which clamps the pintle 33'd1 rmly and rigidly to the base plate. However, by loosening this nut the head of the pintle may be moved bodily in the elongate slot or opening 46 so as to cause the axis of the pintle to approach or recede from the axis of the staff 2|, Thus, whether or not the bracket which carries the bearing I9EL for the pinion staff is adjustable relatively to the base plate 8, it is possible to take up wear or backlash between the pinion 25a and the segment 38a by loosening the nut 45 and moving the pintle 33a together with the segment arm 31 longitudinally of the base plate 8a.

Vhle the invention as above outlined is particularly desirable in its embodiment in a gauge movement which does not require the usual spacing posts and parallel movement supporting plates, certain desirable features of the invention may be well employed in a gauge movement of mere conventional type. Thus, as illustrated in 1l to 13 inclusive, the gauge movement frame comprises parallel plates 5| and 52 which are held in spaced relation by means of the shouldered posts or pillars 53 and 54. The plate 5| is furnished with a pivot stud 55 about which the entire movement may be rotated with refcrnce to the gauge casing, but in this instance this pivot stud is furnished with an extension 56 constituting a pintle member on which turns the hollow pinion staff 51. As here illustrated this staff is provided with a portion 58 having gear teeth and constituting the pinion. The upper end of the staff 51, as viewed in Fig. 13. is extended outwardly through a bushing 59 set in an opening in the upper plate 52 and forms the pin 60 on which is mounted the pointer or index. As herein illustrated the bushing 59 has an opening of such diameter as to provide clearance between it and the member 60 and merely serves as a support for the staff 51 when subjected to extreme transverse vibrations. Normally the turning of the staff is wholly controlled by the pintle member 56-the pintle and staff being provided with finely finished engaging surfaces so that the staff turns on the pinion with great precision and accuracy.

The plafte 52 carries an adjustable bracket member 52a which is conveniently mounted to swing on a reduced end portion of the pillar 54. This bracket is held in adjusted position by means of a stud 6| passing through a slot 62 in the plate 52 and which enters a threaded opening in the bracket 52a. The bracket 52 is provided with an opening which receives a stud 63 preferably having a driving t in said opening and which is furnished with extension 54 constituting a pintle on which turns the hollow segment sta` 65. To this hollow staff is nxedly secured the segment arm 66 carrying the gear segment 66a which meshes with the pinion 5B.

The rear plate 5| of the movement frame is preferably furnished with a stud 61 aligned with the pintle 64 and having an end surface 63 which is finished smooth and substantially flat and which constitutes a thrust bearing for the staff 65. Likewise the forward end surface 69 of the stud 55 is finished to provide a thrust bearing for the rear end of the ystair 51, the inner ends of bushings 59 and 63 forming thrust bearings for the forward ends pf stairs 51 and 65, respectively.

While in this arrangement the movement frame comprises spaced plates and spacing pillars, it may be noted that `both of the staffs are provided with journal bearings which in each instance are supported by one only of the frame plates so that each stair is wholly free to turn about its axis without reference to the accuracy with which the two frame plates are assembled and held in relation. Thus it is possible with this arrangement, as in those previously described, to impart to the relatively rotating parts the desired accuracy of fit and nish before assembling the movement, and no particular care is requisite in assembling the movement since the freedom of rotation of the rotating parts is not substantially affected by the relative position of the plates.

As speciiically illustrated, the end thrust bearing for the rotating member is formed upon a stud or the like separate from the base plate, but it is within the purview of the invention to form the end thrust bearing as an integral part or portion of the base plate itself, and in such event, the plate may, if desired, be locally hardened at the bearing point.

While certain desirable embodiments of the invention have herein been illustrated by way of example, it is to be understood that the invention is not necessarily limited to these precise -embodiments but is to be regarded as broadly inclusive of any and all equivalents and substitution :of materials for those herein specically disclosed.

I claim:

1. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion staff spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, characterized in having a single journal Abearing for the pinion stair disposed wholly to one side of the pinion and which clonstitutes the sole means for keeping the axis of said stair in line during operation of the gauge.

2. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion stair spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear sector carried by the segment stair, characterized in that the pinion stair has a single elongate journal bearing which is located wholly at one side of the pinion and which constitutes the sole means for keeping the axis of said stair in line during operation and in that a thrust bearing having a substantially fiat bearing surface perpendicular to the axis of the staff engages the end surface only of the pinion stair at the opposite side of the pinion.

3. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment staff, a pinion staff spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, characterized in that said movement comprises a single journal bearing for the pinion staff in Which said stair rotates, and an end thrust bearing for the pinion staff operative to position it endwise, said end thrust bearing having a substantially flat bearing surface, the journal bearing being bodily shiftable relatively .tothe end thrust bearing, and means operative to shift the journal bearing bodily in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pinion staff.

4. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion stair spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion xed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, characterized in that said movement comprises a single journal bearing for the pinion stair, a single journal bearing for the segment stair, and means operative to shift one of said bearings bodily relatively to the other in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axes of the stairs.

5. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion staff spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion xed to the pinion staff, and a gear segment carried by the segment staff, said movement comprising a pair of supports, one of which is movable relatively to the other in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axes of the staffs, characterized in having a single journal bearing for each of the stairs, each such journal bearing constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of its respective stair in line during operation of the gauge one bearing being carried by each of the respective supports.

6. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion stair spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion xed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, said movement comprising a pair of supports, one of which is movable relatively to the other, characterized in that a fixed pintle is carried by each of the supports, said pintles being parallel to each other and den.- ing axes about which the pinion and stair turn respectively.

'7. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion stair spaced from but parallel to the segment starr, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, said movement comprising supporting means, and means carried thereby defining parallel axes about which the pinion and stair turn respectively, characterized in that the parts are so designed and arranged as to permit bodily movement of one of said stairs relative to the other in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the stairs.

8. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion stair spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment stair, said movement comprising supporting means, characterized in having an elongate bearing and an elongate pintle carried by the supporting means, said bearing and pintle deiining axes about which the two stairs rotate respectively, and in having means providing for relative movement of the bearing and pintle in a direction perpendicular to the axes of the stairs.

9. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment stair, a pinion starr spaced from but parallel to the segment stair, a pinion fixed to the pinion stair, and a gear segment carried by the segment staff, said movement comprising supporting means, characterized in having an elongate bearing and an elongate pintle carried by the supporting means, said bearing and pintle dening axes about which the two staffs rotate respectively, and further characterized in having means providing for relative bodily movement of the pintle and bearing toward and from each other.

10. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment staff, a pinion staff spaced from but parallel to the segment staff, a pinion fixed to the pinion staff, and a gear segment carried by the segment staff, said movement' comprising a base pl-ate, characterized in having a pintle rigidly fixed to the base plate, said pintle comprising a thrust bearing portion and an elongate journal portion, the segment staff being hollow and turning on said pintle with one end engaging the thrust bearing portion of the latter, and further characterized in having a single elongate journal bearing for the pinion staiT, and movably adjustable means carried by the base plate for supporting said bearing.

11. A gauge movement of the kind having a segment staff, a pinion staff spaced from but parallel to the segment staff, a pinion iixed to the pinion staff, and a gear segment carried by the segment staff, said movement comprising a base plate provided with a bracket arm overhanging and substantially parallel to the body portion of the base plate, characterized in having an elongate bearing sleeve xed in said bearing arm with its axis perpendicular to the body portion of the plate and in having an end thrust bearing carried by the body portion of the plate in alignment with said elongate bearing, the pinion staff turning in the bearing and having its end engaging the thrust bearing, and further characterized in having means xed to the support dening an axis about which the segment staff turns, the bracket being bodily adjustable with respect to the body portion of the base plate thereby to permit the staffs to be moved toward and away from each other.

12. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a base provided with an element operative as a thrust bearing, a rigid bracket mounted on the base and having a portion which overhangs the thrust bearing element, a bearing sleeve supported by said overhanging portion of the bracket with its axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the thrust bearing elelment, a staff arranged to turn in said bearing f with one end resting on the thrust bearing element, said bearing sleeve constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of said staff in line during operation of the gauge, and a toothed gear element fixed to the staff intermediate the thrust bearing element and the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve.

13. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a base plate, a thrust bearing mounted on the base plate, a rigid bracket mounted on the base plate and having a portion which overhangs the thrust bearing member, a bearing sleeve supported by said overhanging portion of the bracket with its axis substantially perpendicular to the plane of the base plate, a pinion staff arranged to turn in said bearing sleeve, said sleeve constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of the staff in line during operation of the gauge, one end of the staff engaging the thrust bearing and the opposite end portions of the staff projecting from the bearing sleeve and having an index pointer secured thereto, and a pinion fixed yto the stafl intermediate the thrust bearing member and the adjacent end of the sleeve bearing.

14. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a base plate provided with a pivot stud dening an axis about which the entire movement may swing, said stud having an end surface constituting an end thrust bearing, a

rigid support carried by the base plate and overhanging the stud, an elongate bearing sleeve carriad by said support with its axis substantially perpendicular to the end surface of the stud, and a rotary staff journaled in said bearing with one end resting against said end surface of the stud, said bearing sleeve constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of the staff in line during operation.

15. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a base plate provided with a pivot stud dening an axis about which theentire movement may swing, said stud having anend surface constituting an end thrust bearing, a rigid supporting bracket mounted on the base platel and having a portion Which overhangs the stud, yan elongate bearing sleeve carried by said overhanging portion of the bracket with its axis perpendicular to the end surface of the stud, a stai turning in said bearing sleeve with one end in contact with the end surface of the stud, a toothed gear element fixed to the staff between the stud and the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve, and means whereby the bracket may be moved with reference to the base plate thereby to shift the axis of the staff.

16. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a hollow staff having external screw threads adjacent to one end, a gear segment secured to the staff intermediate its ends, a motion transmitting arm having an opening in one end which receives the threaded end of the staff, means so securing the arm to the staff as to permit rotary adjustment of the arm through an angle of 360, and a pintle on which the staff turns.

17. A gauge movement of the class described comprising an elongate bearing sleeve, said bearing sleeve constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of the staff in line during operation of the gauge, a sta' turning in said bearing sleeve, an end thrust bearing having a bearing surface perpendicular to the axis of the staif and against which one end of the staff rests, and a toothed gear element fixed to the staff intermediate the thrust bearing and the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve,

18. A gauge movement of the class described comprising an elongate bearing sleeve, said bearing sleeve constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of the staii' in line during operation of the gauge, a staff turning in said bearing sleeve, an end thrust bearing having a bearing surface perpendicular to the axis of the staff and against which one end of the staff rests, and a toothed gear element fixed to the staff intermediate the thrust bearing and the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve, and means so supporting the bearing sleeve as to permit it to be moved bodily in a direction transverse to the axis of the staff.

19. A gauge movement of the class described having a staff and a toothed gear element xed to the staif intermediate its ends, journal means for the staif located Wholly to one side of the pinion, said journal means constituting the sole means for keeping the axis of the staff in line during operation of the gauge, and a substantially iiat thrust bearing surface perpendicular to the axis of the staff with which one end of the staff contacts.

20. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a staff, a toothed gear element iixed to the staff, means so supporting the staff for rotation as to leave one end of the staff free, a motion transmitting arm mounted on the latter end of the. staff, and means so uniting said arm to the staff as to permit angular adjustment of the arm on the stai' through an angle of 360.

21. A gauge movement of the class described comprising a stai, a toothed gear element fixed to the stalf, means so supporting the staff for rotation as to leave one end of the stai free, a motion transmitting arm mounted on the latter end. of the staff, the staff having an external abutment shoulder spaced from said end, the stai being externally screw threaded between said end and the abutment shoulder, the arm having an opening which receives the threaded end of the staff, a spring washer interposed between the arm and shoulder, and a nut which clamps the arm against the Washer and normally prevents relative rotation of the arm and stair.

22. A gauge movement comprising a base having an opening therein, the opening being elongate and having substantially parallel side walls, a pintle provided with a head having parallel edge surfaces which eng-age the side walls of the opening in the base with a sliding t, thereby permitting the pintle to be moved bodily with reference to the base, the pintle having a disk member of a diameter exceeding the width of said opening and which engages the rear side of the base and having a screw-threaded portion which receives a nut engaging the forward surface of the base thereby to retain the pintle in adjusted position, and a hollow stai journaled to turn on the pintle.

CLIFFORD N. SUGDEN. SAMUEL KAHN.

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