US2242424A - Apparatus for mixing oil with steam - Google Patents

Description

May 20, 1941.

A. J. FISHER APPARATUS FOR MIXING OIL WITH STEAM 3 Sheets-She's: 1

Filed March 6, 1939 May 20, 1941. A. J. FISHER APPARATUS FOR MIXING OIL WITH STEAM Filed March 6} 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ANDREW Hawaii.

May'ZO, 1941- A. J. FISHER APPARATUS FOR MIXING OIL WITH STEAM Filed March 6, 1939 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented May 20, 1941 to The C. M. Kemp Manufacturing C mpany,

a corporation of Maryland Application March 6, 1939, Serial No. 260,033

Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for mixing oil with steam primarily for firing boilers, open hearth, slab heating and reheating furnaces, and other industrial uses, and it has particular reference to a mixer in which the oil is mixed with steam or other fluid prior to its passage to the burner. Th oil and steam or other fluid are distributed in exactly equal amounts throughout the mixture, with the slugs of steam or oil, and all stratification eliminated. Immediately upon the entrance of the oil into the mixing chamber it is picked up by swirling steam or other fluid which forms into a vena contracta in the mixing tube of the chamber. The twisting motion imparted to the steam or other fluid, and then the oil by the steam or other fluid causes the oil particles to expand radially in the tube by centrifugal force, thus causing them to pass through the steam or other fluid flow. The finely mixed oil and steam or other fluid pass upwards in the tube, and any coarse unmixed particles of oil are thrown to the tube wall where they flow downwards past the vena contracta and are merged with the in coming flow of steam or other fluid. This perfect mixing requires less steam or other fluid. Any sample can be taken, and it will be found, on-analysis, to be perfectly mixed. The mixture maybe used for a one-jet burner or for multiple jetsfin parallel burning in the same or separate furnaces. The mixers are rugged and strong. No cleaning is ever necessary because there are no restricted areas; constant performance is obtained with a minimum of maintenance to the mixer andburners.

Other advantages of the mixer and burner will be apparent from the following description, and the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, and in which similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views:

Figure l is a horizontal sectional view of a mixer .for use with a single burner. Figure 2 is 'a horizontal sectional view of a mixer for a plurality of burners. Figure 3 is a vertical sectional View of Figure 2 on line 3-3 thereof. Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional View of a single burner to which the mixer of Figure 1 may be attached. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 4 on line '5-5 thereof. Figure 6 is an enlarged end view of the ejecting nozzle on line 66 of Figure 4. Figure '7 is a partial vertical View in section of the end of the nozzle. Figure 8 is a partial end view thereof.

The mixing chamber I has the form of a cylin drical chamber, and concentric with it is a tubular member 2 passing therethrough and terminating just opposite the oil inlet pipe 3 screwed into plate 4 forming one end of chamber l. The tubular member 2, for the single burner, has screwed thereinto pip "5 with a welded constricting section 6, which is, in turn, welded to section I screwed into the burner sleeve 8. Steam or other fluid enters the mixing chamber I through pipe '9, which enters the chamber tangentially to its circumference and at the end furthest removed from the entrance to tubular member 2. In this structure the steam or other fluid at from approximately 50 to lbs. pressure enters the chamber and by the cylindrical chamber is given a rapidly whirling motion. Oil entering the chamber through pipe 3 at from 5 to lbs. pressure and at temperature of from to 225 F. tends to .pass into the tubular member 2, but on its entrance into the chamber it is picked up by the swirling steam or other fluid'which forms into a vena contracta, as shown in dotted lines in Figure 1. The swirling, foaming oil and steam or other fluid then expand in the large section of the tubular member in the chamber, and after being thoroughly mixed in this tubular member it is again contracted by the section 6 where its velocity is increased as it passes on into the burner.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, this mixer may be in the form of a multiple mixer for supplying oil and steam or other fluid to a plurality of burners in parallel. In this form the chamber I has above it a chamber If], the dome of which has a flow reversing and spreading shape as shown at ll. The oil and steam or other fluid issuing from tubular member .2 is diverted by this flow spreading shaped dome to the outer sides of the trough formed by member l2, forming a continuation of the tubular member 2, and from this trough it is forced into smaller constricted pipes I3 which are attached to the burners. There may be either two of these tubes l3, or any suitable number, around the circumference M of this chamber H3. Steam or other fluid enters the pipe 9 in this multiple burner form of mixer in the same manner as in the single mixer, but preferably at a pressure of 15 to 50 lbs. The orifice in plate 4 for the entering oil is preferably expanded as it enters the chamber, as shown at l5. This allows the oil to expand and to slow down in its passage into the chamber.

The burner sleeve 8 passes into the burner, generally shown at l6, through shielding tube ll securely attached to air pipe l8 integral with regulated by a valve, and

the horizontal air pipe [9. The burner, by pipe I8, is adjustable on and supported by the inner sleeve through which the air enters, and which does not form a part of the present invention. The burner is intended to be placed concentric to the opening 2| in tile 22 of the furnace 23, and the amount of air inspirated into the furnace by the flame can be regulated by proper adjustment of sleeve 24 on the air pipe l9. Tube 11 has thereon webs 25 holding it coaxial with pipe l'9, and, in turn, allowing sleeve 8 to be moved longitudinally therein; air, of course, passing around the webs 25 and out through the constricted orifice 26 of pipe I 9. This orifice is so constricted as to direct the out-flowing air to a point immediately in front of the fluid nozzle, generally shown at 21. This nozzle 21 comprises an outer section 28 screwed into sleeve 8 and longitudinally movable therewith. The nozzle has a circular opening 29 in its end flaring to a conical formation to allow the discharged oil and steam or other fluid to expand. The section 28 has a large opening therein, centrally, and has therein substantially square plug 38 having toward the discharge end of the nozzle a cylindrical portion 3|, which has at right angles thereto slots 32 tangential to the small end of orifice 29 in section 28. The plug is held against theend of nozzle 28 by means of spring 33 resting upon the shoulder of the smaller opening in sleeve 8. Oil and steam or other fluid passing at the desired pressure through sleeve 8 passes down the sides of the plug 30 and then out the tangential slots 32 which give the mixture a spiral, whirling motion in passing out the orifice 29 in nozzle 21. Air is admitted, through pipe l9, and this air may be into the tile opening 2| around nozzle 21, when sleeve 24 is retracted. Sleeve 8 is adjustable longitudinally by hand and held in its fixed position by thumb screw 34, the sleeve having graduations 35 so that its position may be determined, and outside.

In furnaces where the air is preheated to high temperatures, the steam or other fluid and oil mixture may be conveyed into the furnace by means of plain or water cooled burners in combination with straight hole or spiral whirling atomizers. I

It should be understood that various changes in form, proportions, and minor details of construction may be resorted to within the scope of the appended claims.

and gradually mixes intimately therewith as oil and steam pass through the tube.

2. A mixing chamber for minutely mixing oil with steam for oil burners comprising a cylindrical chamber, an oil inlet entering coaxially at one end thereof admitting a coherent stream of oil, a discharge tube extending coaxially into and substantially through said chamber terminating adjacent to said oil inlet at one end, the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of the chamber forming a clear passage axially thereof and the tube at the other end extending into a second regulated, from the Having thus described the invention, what is T53 desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is:

1. Means for mixing oil with steam for an oil burner comprising a cylindrical chamber, a relatively large oil inlet of oil, entering coaxially at one end of said chamber, a discharge tube extending substantially through and coaxially of said chamber, having an entrance terminating adjacent to said oil inlet and admitting a coherent stream being connected at its other end to an oil burner,

the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of" the chamber forming a clear passage axially thereof, a steam inlet at the other end of said chamber entering the same tangentially, the entering steam being given a rapid rotating motion by said chamber, and passing lengthwise thereof, is contracted by the passage between the discharge tube entrance and the chamber adjacent the oil inlet, where it picks up the stream of entering oil, and radially contracts the same in said entrance, imparting thereto a cyclonic motion eating with oil burners, a

' trough chamber having multiple radial outlets communisteam inlet at the other end of said first named chamber and entering said chamber tangentially to the circumference of thesame, whereby steam entering said chamber through said inlet under pressure is given a rapid rotary motion, and passing lengthwise of said chamber, picks up the entering stream of oil and because of the restricted passage and oil inlet, constricting the oil and imparting thereto a cyclonic motion and gradually mixing intimately therewith as oil and steam pass into said discharge tube.

3. A mixing chamber for minutely mixing oil with. steam for oil burners comprising a cylindrical chamber, an oil inlet entering coaxially at one end thereof admitting a coherent stream of oil, a discharge tube extending coaxially into and substantially through said chamber terminating adjacent to said oil inlet at one end, the outer walls-of the tube and the inner wall of the chamber forming a clear passage axially thereof and the tube at the other end extending into a second chamber having a flow directional reversing and spreading dome and a trough opposite said dome and coaxial with the said discharge tube, and multiple radial outlets from the base of said communicating with oil burners, a steam inlet at the other end of said first named chamber and entering said chamber tangentially to the circumference of the same, whereby steam entering said chamber through said inlet under pressure is given a rapid rotary motion, and passing lengthwise of said chamber, picks up the entering stream of oil, and because of the restricted passage between the tube and oil inlet, constricting the oil and imparting thereto a cyclonic motion and. gradually mixing intimately therewith as oil and steam pass through said discharge tube.

4. A substantially cylindrical mixing chamber for mixing oil with steam for oil burners, an oil inlet entering coaxially at one end thereof admitting a coherent stream of oil, a discharge tube extending coaxially into and substantially through said chamber, having at one end juxtaposed to said oil inlet to form a restricted passage therebetween, and the other communicating with an oil burner, the outer wall of the tube and the inner wall of the chamber forming a clear passage axially thereof, a steam inlet at the other end of the chamber entering tangentially to the circumference of said chamber, whereby steam entering said chamber through said inlet under pressure is given a rapid rotary motion and passing lengthwise of said chamber is contracted by said restricted passage and picks up the entering stream of oil, axially contracting the same and imparting thereto a cyclonic motion and gradually mixing intimately therewith as oil and steam pass through said discharge tube.

5. A mixer for oil burners comprising two coaxial cylindrical members forming therebetween between the tube pressure is given a rapid rotary motion, and passing lengthwise of said member, picks up the entering stream of oil, the restricted passage contracting the steam causing the same to contract the oil and axially impart thereto a cyclonic motion and gradually mix intimately therewith as oil and steam pass through said inner member.

ANDREW J. FISHER.

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