US223998A - crompton - Google Patents

Description

4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. CROMPTON.

Loom. No. 223,998. Patented Feb. 3,1880.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

G. CROMPTQN.

Loom.

No. 223,998. Patented Feb. 3', |880.

ILPETERS. PMOTLITHUGnAPMER. WASHINGTDN. D. C.

4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. CROMPATON.

Loom.

mi E 5 5 E5.

NPETERS. PHclO-UTHOGRAPHER, WASHWGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT @Erica GEORGE OROMPTON, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

LOOM.

SPECIFICATION forming; part of Letters Patent No. 223,998, dated February 3, 1880.

Application filed December 27, 18794 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE CROMPTON, of Worcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Looms, of which the following needle-looms.77

In this my improved loom the lilling-threads or Wefts of one or more colors, if colored wefts are used, are placed by weft-heddles, controlled by means of a suitable pattern-surface, in position to be engaged by the jaws of the weft-carrier, and so engaged the weft is, by the carrier, projected through the open shed, and, arriving at the opposite salvage, weft-nippers (shown xed uponrthe lay, and made in this instance of my invention to enter slots in the jaws of the carrier) are closed upon the weft end held by the jaws extended across the slot therein, after which the weftcarrier is retracted from the shed. As the weft-carrier is giving up to the nippers the free end of the weft a weft-hook located near the selvage at the opposite side of the loom is moved to a position back of the reed and above the weft just passed through the shed, which hook, after the weft-carrier releases and the nipper seizes the end of the weft, is moved so as to carry the iilling at that selvage forward substantially to the cloth making point at or just before the shed is closed, and

the reed and lay are moved forward to beat up such filling-thread. In connection with the nipper I` employ a weft-feeler, which,'if the thread is broken, or is not inserted, operates a drop-rod and places it in position to actuate,`

throughMsuit-able connecting1 devices, the shipvper-handle of the loom.

The fabric when removed from the loom shows the free end of each filling-thread pro! jecting beyond the cross-woven selvages, and during the subsequent fulling and finishing 55 operations to which the fabric is subjected the selvages are sufficiently fastened and set to enable the fabric to be handled without in- J u ry. Figure 1 represents, in front elevation, a loon 6o embodying my invention; Fig. 2,v an end elevation thereof, a portion of the mechanism at the opposite end ofthe loom being omitted; Fig.

3, details of the apparatus for cross-weaving the selvages; Fig. 4, a side elevation and top 65 view of the working end of the weft-carrier; Fig. 5, a view looking at the back of the lay at the right of Fig. l, it showing the device for operating the weft-cutter. Fig. 6 represents, in longitudinal section, the right-hand 7o end of the auxiliary camshaft and its cams to operate the weft-nipper and the weft-cutter, and to open the jaws ofthe nipper, and to move the fulcrum of the staff which actuates the nippers. Fig.7 represents several cross-sections taken on the dotted lines indicated in Fig. 6. Figs. S, 9, 10, and 11 illustrate details of the mechanism for placing the weft-threads in position to be taken by the weft-carrier according to the exigenciesof the pattern; Fig. 12, 8o aV detail of the harness-operating levers, jacks, and pattern-cylinder5 Fig. 13, a detail of the left-hand end of the lay, showing the weftnippers and the devices for operating them; Fig. 14, a top view of such nipper, Weft-feeler, 8 5 and devices'to actuate the shipper-handle when the weft failslor is broken; Fig. 15, details of a modiiiedform of carrier in different positions and sections, as indicated by section lines, the'weft-cutter being attached to the 9o carrier; Fig. 16, a detail showing the crankpin and intermittingly-moving gear to reciprocatev the weft-carrier through the shed, it being taken on the dotted lines, Fig. 17. Fig. 17 is a topview of the usual cam-shaft andthe 95 mechanism connected with `itto control the movement of the weft-carrier', Fig. 18,21J detail showing the friction device for holding the carrier-actuating shaft in position when not positively actuated by the intermittingly-operated gear; Fig. 19, a detail showing the Weft in position to be taken by the weftcarrier,

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and to be then cut off by the cutter; Fig. 20,

. a detail showing the weft-catcher, located at or near the cloth-making point. Fig. 21 is a detail of the let-oft' apparatus. Fig. 22 is a front elevation on the plane of line o o, Fig. 2, showing the staff, the weftjaw, and weft-cutter, with their respective connected operating devices, the lay and frame being broken away. Fig. 23 is a cross-section on line 3 4of Fig. 22, and Fig. 24 is a sectional plan view on line l 2 of Fig. 22.

In the drawings the harness-frames for the main warps of the fabric and their operative mechanism, such as upright levers, elevator and depressor, notched jacks and pattern-surface, are as in looms heretofore patented to me, and need not be specifically described.

Instead of the particular shed-formiiig devices herein shown by nie I may employ any other well-known or suitable devices for like purposes.

To cross-weave the selvage-warps I pass one warp-say warp a-through the eye of pulleyT c, which, in connection with pulley d, receives and guides the cross-weaving heddle e, having an eye, f, it being so operated as to raise warp y first at one and then at the opposite side of warp a. This cross-weaving holds the free ends of the weft-threads firmly, more so than would be the case if the selvagewarps were shed as the body-warps. I desire it to be understood, however, that for some fabrics the selvage-warps need not be woven after the manner of cross-weaving.

The frame l of the loom is of proper shape to support the working parts.

The crank-shaft, operated by any suitable power, will be connected by links with the lay m, having its arms supported on the auxiliary cam-shaft a. I

The gear o on the crank-shaft engages a gear, p, on the cam-shaft q, provided with a bevelgear, r, which engages the bevel-gear s on theshaft t, sustained in a bearing, u, such shaft having an arm, c, provided with a pin, 2, which enters notches w in an intermittinglyoperated gear, ai, secured to a shaft held in bearings y. (See Fig. 17.) This gear x, in this instance of my invention, is moved at each operation one-third ofa rotation, engages with a pinion, 3, on a shaft, 4, having a crank, 5, and connected by an adjustable link, 6.l with a staff, 7, having its fiilcriiin on a pin, 8, (see detail, Fig. 7 secured to a'sliding post, 9, connected with plate a2, adapted to be moved'in guideways l0, secured to a rocking arm, l1, pivoted at l2on an ear, 13, projecting from a bracket, 14, attached to the loom side, near the base of theshipperfhandle. Theinner end ofthis guideway is held b'yabracket, 15, projecting from the sword 16 of the lay. (See detail, Fig. 7.) The upper end of this staft7 is connected by link 17 with slide-bar 18, adapted to be reciprocated between guideways 19, made at the front of the lay. A bracket, 20, projected upward from this slide-bar 18, has connected 'with it the back end of the bar 21, which, at its forward end, is provided with the weftcarrier b2, it being composed, as shown in Fig. 4, of a fixed jaw, 22, and a movable jaw, 23, having' its fulcruin at 24, both jaws being slotted, as shown Aat 25. The rear end of the inovablejaw 23 is acted upon by the spring 26 to retain it closed, except when such rear end is acted upon by the finger 27, pivoted upon a bracket, 28, the said finger having joined with it a rod, 29, provided with a shoe, 31h-which restsnpon and is moved bya cam, 31, on the auxiliary shaft n.

When the weft-carrier is about to be moved into the shed the forward end of this finger 27 is depressed through the action ofthe tappet 31 on the shoe 30, and by acting upon the rear end of the movable jaw 23 opens it preparatory to receiving between it and the fixed member 22 a weft-thread placedin position by one of the lieddles c2, connected with one of the iin gers d2,- pivoted at c2, and adapted to be lifted by the pins of the weft-pattern cylinder I or surface f2, moved through ratchet g2, the pawl h2, the lever Z2, link m2, and a crank-pin on pinion 02. (See Fig. 2.)

The weft-thread having been placed between the jaws of the wettcarrier, and the latter having been moved beyond the iniiuence of the nger 27, the jaws are closed by the spring, thereby grasping the weft firmly. At this time the weft-cutter separates the weft between the weft-carrier and selvage. This weft-cutter. as shown in Figs. 1, 2, 5, and 19, is composed of two shear-like blades,.33 and 34, one of which, 34, is held rigidly by a screw or pin, 35, projecting from a lever, 36, pivoted at 37 to a projection, 38, rising from the lay-sword 16. (See Fig. 5.)

The movable blade 33 of the cutter is held by a pin, 40, and is connected, by means ofl a link, 41, with an elbow-lever, 42, pivoted on the lay at 43. This elbow-lever has a pin, 44, (see Fig. 5,) which is embraced by a slotted arm, 45, connected with rod 29, so that as the said rod is made to descend under the action of the spring 46 thereon the said elbow-lever and link will operate the vmovable blade of the cutter and sever the weft. This cutting device is raised and lowered, to place it in contact with the weft at the proper time, through the action of a rod, 47, acted upon by a cam, 48, on shaft n. The upper end of this rod 47 is connected with one end of a lever, 50, which, at its opposite end, has a link, 51, which is joined with lever 36, which supports the cutters. A spring, 52, on this rod 47 forces it downward toward the cam 48.

The weft-cutting device is lifted just as the lay starts to move backward, and remains elevated while the weft-carrier passes ito and is partially withdrawn from the shed. Just before the lay beats up the weft the cutting IOO IOS

device, then completely lowered, is opened ready to receive between its members the weft next to be introduced.

The cam-shaft q has a pinion, 54, which engages a beveled pinion, 55, on a shaft, 56, such shaft having a second beveled pinion, 57', which engages a beveled pinion, S, on and rotates the auxiliary cam-shaft a, which shaft, eX- tended across the loom-frame, has cams 59, 48, and 31, and also a cam-grooved hub, 60, this latter receiving within its grooves 61 a pin projecting from the plate a2, which carries the fulcrum-pin of stai 7.

When the weft-carrier is being retracted from the shed and the lay is moving forward the fulcrum-pin of the staff 7 is moved toward the loom-center by the cam-hub 60, thereby increasing the speed of the withdrawal of the weft-carrier. The weft-carrier is withdrawn from between the warp somewhat before the lay reaches the cloth-making point, andthe crank 5 then remains at rest, as shown in Fig. 1.

During the latter portion of the forward movement of the lay the weft-carrier, solely by the action of the cam-hub 60, is moved forward far enough to permit the iinger 27 to open its jaws to engage the proper weft extended between `the selvages and a weft-heddie eye, such weft being also extendedbetween the cutters, and just before, or it may be at or just after, the reed beats upthe weft. the weft-carrier, moved beyond the action of the finger 27, is closed upon the weft next to be placed in the shed, and such weft is cut ott' close to the selvage. Preferably the weft will be cnt oit' about as the lay fully completes its forward stroke, for by so doing the minimum length of weft end beyond the selvage is attained, which, in practice, is a matter of great importance, for otherwise the loss of weft would be very considerable. lhe weft-carrier, made to grasp a weft at the forward position ot' the lay and close to the selvage, must remain closed as the lay is moved backward and until the shed is opened, when the crank 5 again moves the stad to carrier through the shed.

`The cam 59 eleva-tes a rod, 62, carried by the lay, the rod being connected at its upper end with the movable member 63 of theweftnippers, while the Xed member 64 is secured to the upperside ot' therace-beam.

The member 63, pivoted at 66, has connected with it a lifting-finger, 67, which, as the nipper is opened to receive between its members the weft-thread held by the wett-carrier, lifts the outer end of the wet't-feeler 68, and with it the drop-rod 69, as shown in Fig. 13. and consequently depresses the front end of the said feeler.

The lower member ot' the nipper is provided with a projection, 70, which enters the slot 25 project the weftat the end of the weft-carrier, when the latter arrives in position to present the free end of the weft, held extended across the slot of the carrier, so as to be taken by the nipper. rlhis projection lifts the weft, and at the saine time serves as a guide for the weft-carrier while it delivers the weft.

As the end of rod 62 leaves the end or shoul` der of the cam 59, (shown in front and side elevation in Fig. 13, the lay then being in its backward position,) the spring 7l, surrounding the rod 62, depresses it and closes the lmovable member ot the nipper upon the weftthread, such nipper holding the free end of the weft while the weft-carrier is being withdrawn from the shed and the lay is being moved forward. Ask the lay reaches its forward position the nipper is opened and releases the weft.

Just after the nipper closes upon the end of the weft thread, the weft -feeler being no longer held up, as described, the weight of the drop-rod 69 elevates the end 72 of the weftt'eeler 68, throwing it upward toward the weft, which, if present, will prevent the finger rising'far enough to permit the` drop-rod 69 to descend and meet the lever 73. On the contrary, it the weft is absent or broken, the iinger 72, being unobstructed, will be free to rise, and the drop-rod 69 will descend and strike the inclined end ot' the lever 73, which will move the bar 74 in the direction ot' the arrow near it, and cause the inclined end, 75, of such bar to release the shipper-handle 76, which is held in the usual notch of the shipper-lever holding-plate attached to the loom-frame at the end of the breast-beam, and the loom will stop weaving without losing the pick.

The take-up roller derives its motion from a pin, 77, projecting from the lay, it operating a pawl provided at its rear end `with an adjustable weight, 79.

The weft-holding bobbins 80, containing the weft-threads, of one or more colors and of the same or different materials, are placed on a suitable stand, and the weft-threads S1 are led through suitable guides 82, thence through eyes of a guide, 83, where such threads have applied to them tension-rods 84, attached to levers 85, having connected springs 86, which `draw down the tension-rods to take up the slack in the wett. From the eyes ot these tension-rods the wefts are led into and through the eyes 87 of the weft-heddles c2, they moving through a suitable guide, 88, such heddie-eyes being actuated as before described. VFrom these heddle eyes the wefts extend through a wct't-guidin g reed, 89, to the selva-ge. Just as the weft-carrier 'delivers its thread to the nipper a weft-catcher, 90, on 4a shaft, 91, is actuated in the direction of the arrow near it in Fig. 2 to `pass backward through the reed above and beyond the weft just carried into the shed and delivered to the nipper, such catcher remaining in such position until the weft-carrier is about retracted from the shed,

when it ismoved forward toward the clothmaking point, drawing the weft at that side ofthe selvage opposite the nipper, and placing it in the notch a5 of the weft-holderb,

where it is held iirmly while the reed of thel lay beats up the wett, and While the nipper releases the free end thereof. The shaft ot' this wett-catcher derives its motion from a cam, 92, operated by the crank-shaft, it moving a radius-bar, 93, connected by link 94 with the arm 95, projecting from shaft 91, a spring,

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96, holding the radius-bar against the cam 92. Each weft-thread held by the nippers and drawn back by the weft-catcher at each forward motion of the lay is placed in the hook 5 of the weft-holder, and, extending from the selvage through such notch, each weft may be separately lifted by its heddle back ofthe lay, and be placed in position to be taken by the weft-carrier, according to the desired pattern. The weft-catcher operates to draw back each weft separately, the wefts not being carried into the shed, being retained out of' the way of the catcher by the weft-holder. The cam c5 on shaft 1 strikes a friction-pad, d5, and causes it to press against the disk e5 and hold the shaft 4 in position when not positively moved by the Wheel x. The warp-beam f5 has at one of its ends an annularly-grooved disk, about which is passed a friction cord or strap, g5, controlled by means of a suitable adjusting device, so that the beam may be held with just enoughforce to keep it from rotating farther ythan moved positively by the 4 warp under the action of the reed and take-up. The Warp h5 is passed from the Warp-beam up over a small roller, 5, thence down under and up over a friction-roller, j, preferably provided with an elastic or cloth surface. At one end this warp friction-roller is provided with a pinion, r5, which engages with a pinion, l5, on a shaft, m5, provided with a friction-wheel, a5, having extended about it a friction strap or band, 05, connected with one end of which is a lever, p5, and an adjustable Weight, g5. The principal portion of the tension on the warp to hold it from paying out too freely is produced by the strap or band o5. The friction-wheel is moved or rotated solely by the friction of the warp upon its surface, as the latter is beat up at each weft-crossing, and taken up by the take-up.

In Fig. 15 I have shown a form of weft-carrier and thread-cutter Which, in. practice, I prefer to use instead of the weft-carrier and the indep'endently-operated weft-cutting devices heretofore described. In such gurethe upper and lower members of the jaws of the weft-carrier are each provided with a weft-cutting blade, the jaw 22 with a blade, 97, and the jaw 23 with a blade, 98. Such construction enables meto entirely dispense with the devices for raising and lowering and opening and closing the cutters shown 1n Fig. 19.

The pins 99, at the front end of the fixed l claim- 1; The combination, in a loom, of the following instrumentalities', viz: a reciprocating weft or filling-thread carriermechanism to present the 4filling to the weft-carrier, a weftcutter to.l sever the lling between the carrier 2. rllhe combination, with the lay, of a reciprocating weft-carrier to grasp the weft, and a shear-cutter mounted on said lay, and means to actuate the cutter to sever the weft near the cloth-making point, as described, prior to the movement of the weft carrier into the open shed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. In a loom, a nipper to hold the weft at one selvage,com bined with a weft-catcher to draw the weft forward into the angle formed by the crossing warps prior to beating in the weft, substantially as described.

4. In a loom, a weft-holder located at the cloth-making point to hold the several Wefts between the selvage and the bobbin containing the weft, in combination with a weft-carrier adapted to grasp such weft as the lay is at or near its forward stroke, and a weft-cutter to sever the weft between the holder and carrier before the weft is passed through the shed, the holder, carrier, and cutter being all located at one side of the chain of warp, substantially as described.

5. A weft-holding nipper located at one end of the lay and a weft-catcher to seize and move the weft forward to the cloth-making point at that -selvage most remote from the ni pper before the weft is beaten in by the reed, combined with a weft-holder located at the cloth-making point, and adapted to hold all the weft-threads in position to be lifted by the weft-selectin g mechanism preparatory to being grasped by the weft-carrier on its way into the shed, and means to operatev the said devices, substantially as described.

6. A weft-carrier to grasp a weft extended between the selvage of the cloth being woven and the bobbin of weft, pattern mechanism to select and place the weft in position to be taken by the weft-carrier according to the exig'encies of the pattern, weft-cutting mechanism to sever the weft before it is carried through the shed, all the said mechanism being located at one side of the loom, combined With weft-nippers at the opposite side of the loom to hold the free end ofthe weft carried through the shed, and means to operate the said devices, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The reciprocating weft-carrier and its' slide-bar and link 17, combined with shaft 4, pinion 3, crank 5, the connected staff 7, continuously -rotated shaft t, and the intermit- IOO IIO

tin gly-operated gear x and its actuating crankpin, whereby the staff may be moved at ntervals from the continuously-rotatin g shaft, substantially as described.

8. The staff 7, to operate the weft-carrying devices, and its fulcrum-pin, carried by a movable plate, and a guideway for the plate, combined with a cam to move the fulcrum-pin toward and from the loom side, substantially as described.

9. A cam-shaft located at or near the center of motion of the vibrating lay and su'itable cams mounted thereon, combined with a Weftcutter, a weft-carrier, and a weft-nipper, and connecting means whereby these devices are actuated from the said cams, substantially as described.

10. In combination, the Weft-nippers to receive the weft from the carrier, a weft-feeler, a drop-rod, a lever, anda slide-bar to release the belt-shipper and stop the loom when the weft is absent or broken, substantially as described.

ll. A weft-holder, a weft-carrier, a heddle, and a pattern-surface to control it, to present a weft to the open jaws of the weft-carrier close to the cloth-making point as the weftcarrier approaches the selvage, combined with a finger to open the jaws ot' the weft-carrier and devices to operate the finger at the proper time, substantially as described.

12. The staff 7, the connected crank 5, shaft 4, and gearing adapted, as described, to actu.- ate it at intervals, combined with the fulcrumpin of the sta", a plate to hold it, and a guideway and a cam to move the said plate and fulcrum-pin, substantially as and for the

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