US2239711A - Printing telegraph machine - Google Patents

Description

April 29, 1941.

G. A. GRAHAM EI'AL PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Fil ed Sept. 23, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 April 29, 1941. e. A. GRAHAM ETAL PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 23, 1936 wwWm 'April 29, 1941. e. A. GRAHAM ETAL 2,239,711

PRINTING TELEGRAYH MACHINE AvvEwrazS GEORGE-A @EAHAM HARRY .fiA/PMEQ drrazuay:

FIG-6,

April 29, 1941.

G. A. GRAHAM ETAL PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 //Vl/EN7"a/?J' 6501? GE ,4. GRAHAM H? v 14 APMER April 29, 1941. GRAHAM ETAL 2,239,711

PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 IrrOR/ EKF April 1941- G. A. GRAHAM ETAL. 2,239,711

PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 l A/70ES GEOEGAE 4. 6/24 #4 HAREVW 242/45? 5y M 1644; @QW Q m Patented Apr. 29, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,239,711 I PRINTING TELEGRAPH MACHINE Application September 23, 1936, Serial No. 102,178

48 Claims.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as

amended April 30,

The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to us of any royalty thereon.

This invention relates to printing telegraph machines.

The invention is a further development and improvement based upon our previous application, Serial No. 725,968 filed May 16, 1934, Patent No. 2,128,242, dated Aug. 30, 1938, which relates primarily to printing telegraphy and printing-telegraph equipment constituting in effect a printingtelegraph system wherein exact synchronization between transmitting and receiving processes is effected for each and every signalling impulse by means of reed-operated escapements which time the processes with precision. In this invention we combine certain new elements with the devices previously described to provide a storage receiver or permutation escapement selector and transfer devices operating upon translators as applied to particular forms of printingtelegraph equipment, including new features in keyboard transmitters, printers and related structures as will hereinafter appear.

One of the main objects of this invention is to establish a permuted selection of elements in progression under the control of a reed-operated escapement and to lock up that selection as a storage receiver for sufficient time for subsequent printing processe Another main object is to employ this particular method of establishing a selection of elements to operate upon an electrical translator, including keyboard-transmitting, receiver-printing, and function-performing processes. Another main object is to employ this particular method of establishing a selection of elements to operate upon a mechanical translator, including keyboard-transmitting, receiver-printing, and function-performing processes.

Other important objects will become apparent to those skilled in the art.

The principles of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a schematic drawing showing the basic principles of the invention as applied to the electrical translator in a transmitting receiving, printing-telegraph unit or station including a keyboard transmitter and a particular form of printer;

Fig. 2 shows the selecting mechanism in detail with transfer element coordinated with the timing reed, start-stop magnet and transmitting distributor as applied to set up a selection of electrical elements for operation with the electrical translator.

Fig. 3 is an end View of the shuttle selector, selecting magnet, and transfer clutch cam and lever;

Fig. 4 is a view within the shuttle selector stator, showing the selector magnet armature with respect to the marking and spacing tracks internal to the stator frame;

Fig. 5 is an end view of the selector transfer;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the electrical components of the shuttle selector as applied to the electrical translator;

Fig. '7 is an end view of the electrical translator; The above figures illustrate the principles of the invention involved in its application to an electrical translator and a continuously revolving type wheel printer,

The following figures illustrate the principles involved in their application to the mechanical translator and the stop at print type Wheel, in-

troducing a numberof new and novel interactive features and constituting a greatly improved printing telegraph machine; I Fig. 8 is a schematic drawing showing the basic principles of the invention as applied to the mechanical translator in a transmitting-receiving printing-telegraph unit or station, including a new and novel keyboard transmitter, and apartic- 20 ular form of printer designed specifically for the -purpose;

Fig. 9 is an assembled front view of the shuttle selector coordinated with the reed escapement and distributors, the selector transfer operating 95 directly into a Baudot five-slotted disc translator, VI: and including the stop at print type wheel, paper roller, driving motor, transmission, and related structural details, In this view the keyboard transmitter is removed, but certain cam elements 40 functioning in conjunction with the keyboard are shown at the extremity of the reed-escapement shaft;

Fig. 10 is an assembled view in side elevation of the shuttle selector in relationship with the selector transfer connected to the Baudot fiveslotted disc translator, including the stop at print type wheel, paper roller and carriage, printing hammer mechanism, transmission, functional cam group, and keyboard transmitter with cam release transmitting contact combination including keyboard lock and restore features. The details between the keyboard contact release cams and the shuttle selector; i. e., distributors, reed mechanism, etc., are removed in this figure; and Fig. 11 is a side View of the transfer cam lever,

being also representative of other cam levers operating on the gang cam group.

We will first describe the various elements of the invention as applied to the electrical translator and continuously operating type wheel printer. Reference is made to Fig. 1, in which the intention is to represent one complete transmitting-receiving printing-telegraph station connected to an identical distant station (not shown) by line and ground connection. Obviously any complete circuit connection between the two stations, wire or radio, is within the scope of the invention. The elements shown within the dotted inclosure A constitute a conventional Baudot saw-toothed bar, five-unit code, keyboard transmitter with keyboard locking magnet and lock, which being well-known in the art require no detailed description here. The elements shown within the inclosure 13 represent the particular form of printer in this phase of the application, and are hereinafter described in detail. The details shown within the inclosure C represent schematically the resulting action through a Baudot electrical translator or combiner, the physical construction of which is shown by Fig. '7, and the detailed electrical connections and assignment as regards functions and characters are shown by Fig. 6. This particular arrangement is considered novel in that the markingspacing combinations are in the ratio 2-2-4-816, which is a very economical arrangement, bearing in mind that the usual ratio is 24-8-16-32. However, it is believed the operation of such translators is generally understood and the description may be confined more particularly to the resulting action of the components shown within the inclosure C of Fig. 1.

The numeral 48 represents a high-speed line relay with armature 43 and local contact 46.

Having introduced the more or less conventional elements of Fig. 1, we will now describe the special devices acting upon these elements to produce very desirable results. Let it be assumed first that the gears I96, I34, I64 and 200 are driven in common from an electrical motor which is operating continuously.

The details which are shown mounted upon or above base 48 are shown in more detail in Fig. 2, and reference is now made to that figure. Gear I66 is not connected directly to shaft 165, but the shaft simply provides bearing for the gear. The gear drives one side of a friction or slip clutch I8I, which in turn engages a driven side of the slip clutch I82 and I83. The detail I 82 represents proper slip-clutch facing material. Member IB3 carrying detail I32 is keyed to shaft I55, thus transmitting drive, and spring I 84 provides the required degree of frictional clutch engagement. In brief, shaft I65 is driven by gear I66 through slip clutch ISI, I82, I83, and will rotate accordingly when permitted to do so by the reed-operated escapement mechanism IIZ, I14, I15.

The reed-operated esoapement mechanism is described in detail in our previous application, Serial #725,968, Patent No. 2,128,242, and hence but a brief description will be sufficient here. A reed In of given periodicity is clamped in position at mounting H9. At rest the reed is held in dotted position I'I2a. When permitted to vibrate by release of start-stop magnet armature I61, the reed operates through link I16, an escapement yoke I15 formed to present two pawls I'IEa and H52), which escape the progressive movement of escapement pins I'Ma and I142) shown, and I'Mc, I'Md, lite, and H4 not shown but located in staggered relationship equidistant about the periphery of escapement hub H4. The escapement hub I is keyed to shaft I95. Accordingly the reed I12 controls the progression of shaft I65, which rotates or tends to rotate through the friction drive of slip clutch IilI, I82, I83 in six steps for each complete revolution of the shaft. The function of the electro-mechanical performance of the reed start-stop mechanism 62, I91, III is to release the reed, permitting the reed to vibrate three complete cycles (six half cycles; i. e., from I'IZa to IlZb being one-half cycle and return from I'IZb to I'I'Za being the other half cycle) after which the start-stop mechanism stops the reed in the initial position I'IZa. The shaft IE5 is then at rest, with clutch slipping, except when permitted to rotate in definite steps by the reed-operated escapement.

Shaft I65 carries a transmitting distributor 49 and a start-stop functional distributor 51 as well as a cam-operated contact combination M, 38, 39, which function in the keyboard-locking circuit. Proper bearings are provided for shaft IE5 at I'I3 and I86.

The details to the right of bearing I86 on mounting 49, including selecting magnet 65 and details, constitute the shuttle selector and transfer element operating into the electrical storage receiver. These devices operating in combination with our reed-controlled escapement and subsequently described devices to constitute a complete transmitting-receiving printing-telegraph station, may be regarded as one of the major objects of our invention.

The shuttle selector comprises a two-track stator I89 mounted upon base 40; a rotor I90 to which are attached five shuttles, ISM, I901), I900, was, and I9Ile, the shuttles operating on one leg in either of tracks I89a or I99b; and a selecting magnet 65, the armature 66 of which determines the track taken by the individual shuttles during the rotation of the rotor I99. Cam I8! is a transfer function described later. An end View of the shuttle selector is shown in Fig. 3 and a plan View of a section of the stator I$9 and of the selecting magnet armature (i5 is shown in Fig. 4. Referring again to Fig. 2, each shuttle, IBM. to I9Ile inclusive, is provided with another leg at right angles to the leg which operates in tracks IEEla and I 892), and which we will term hereinafter as the transfer leg, as differentiated from the selecting leg. Whether the selecting leg is in track I89a (marking), or I892) (spacing), determines the position of the transfer leg, as for example shuttle I99c is shown in the spacing position, while the dotted lines show the marking position for this particular shuttle. The other shuttles act in an identical manner; i. e., the armature E6 of the selecting magnet assigns each shuttle-selecting leg to either the marking track I89a, or the spacing track I891), in one rotation of the rotor I 90 from start to stop position,

I thus setting the shuttle transfer legs in marking or spacing positions as the case may be.

The selector transfer comprises a frame I92 which carries five marking-spacing cams, I92a, I921), I920, I92d, and I92e, in positions which coincide with the stop positions of the five shuttle transfer legs; a transfer shaft I91, which carries the frame I92, and which is shifted from the receive-selection position to the transfer-selection position by shift yoke I93, in engagement with drive pin I95; and a transfer-shaft bearing I95, which provides a key section operating in a keyway on the shaft to prevent the shaft from turning. The selector transfer is shown in the re-- is in stop position, the selector transfer operates to the position shown by properly timed cam action through lever I88 on shift yoke arm I93. The cam itself is a function of another shaft described later. It will be noted in the figure that movement to the receive-selection position as shown, serves to present the arms of the cams I92a to I92e, inclusive, against the shuttle transfer legs I90a to I90e, inclusive, thus setting the cams in either marking or spacing position. The cams are so constructed as to remain in the position last set. Cam I920 is shown in the spacing position, the dotted radial line denoting the marking position. Upon the receipt of a given permuted selection from the shuttle selector, the transfer then is returned by tension of spring I94, cam lever I 88 permitting, to normal position with frame I92 hub against bearing I95, and as a result the marking-spacing cams I92a to I926, inclusive, transfer their selection to the electrical switches of the storage receiver or electrical selector. I

A cross-sectional view of the physical construction of the electrical receiver is shown by Fig. 2,

and the electrical relationship is shown by Figs. 1

operates the lever in contact with spring 84 thus establishing a spacing connection. Operation of contact lever 85 to contact 86 constitutes a marking connection. The block I98, upon which all contact levers and springs are mounted, is of insulating material and,- of course, proper insulation is provided between all current carrying members.

Referring again to Fig. 1, the details shown within the area inclosed by the dotted lines and designated D represent features which perform two primary functions; via, to move the transfer frame, previously described, from normal or transfer selection position to receive selection position; and to establish electrical continuity through the selector receiver switches, the translator, and the printing magnet or function magnet as the case may be. Gear I34 is normally rotating under drive, as previously stated, hence shaft I and the driving side of the positive clutch I32 are also rotating. Thedriven side of this clutch I3I is held out of engagement by the rounded extension of arm I31, the'lip on I 3| being cam contoured to provide this condition. However, upon depression of arm I31 by the shuttle cam I81 the action about pivot I36 is to raise the extension of arm I31 out of restraint of clutch I3I, thus permitting clutch engagement for one revolution only, whereupon I3I is returned to the position shown. Spring I33 provides the required clutch engage action. In this one revolution of clutch I3I shaft I30 is also rotated operating cam I29 upon cam lever I88 which serves'to operate With transfer cam 1 shaft MI and hence paper roller I38.

the shift yoke arm I93 and selector transfer details of Fig. 2. Also shaft I30 drives the distributor arm I21 of the distributor I26, establishing continuity between Wires I25 and H0 for the interval of segment I28 during the one revolution of the shaft. Necessarily the gearing, cams and distributor are properly timed witih respect to each other and to other processes.

As stated'above, the elements shown in the area inclosed by the dotted lines and designated B, represent the particular form of page printer employed in this phase of the application. The printer comprises a continuously rotating type wheel I52 supported on carriage I53 and driven from shaft I56 by means of bevel gear I64; a printing hammer I54 and hammer pin I54a cam operated from an intermediate shaft which is engaged t0 the drive of shaft I56 at the proper time by magnet I50 and armature I58 action on positive clutch I51; a carriage-spacing mechanism which is gear driven on rack I55 the required distance each time clutch I51 is operated by the printing magnet I50; a carriage-return mechanism operating when rack I55 is disengaged from the step forward gearing by magnet I49 and armature I6I, the return power being derived from spring I59 coiled in housing I60; a letters and figures shift consisting of magnets I41 and I48 which serve to raise or lower the paper roller I38 on shaft I 4| in bearings I39 and I42 in guides and I43; and a line-feed function consisting of magnet I46 acting through armature ratchet I44 on ratchet wheel I45 which serves to step Such features as paper guides and ribbon feed are not shown, being more orless conventional features, and in order not unduly to complicate the drawing.

Now it will be apparent that a definite timing of various shafts, cams, distributors, type wheel, and magnets is required throughout this transmitting-receiving printing telegraph mechanism.- As examples in this respect the following relationship was used in the preliminary model and hence is pertinent to this description. The motor which drives gears I66, I34, I64, and 200 operates at 2100 R. P. M. Gear I64 and hence shaft I56 and type wheel I52 operate at 550 R. P. M. Gear 200 and the brush arm 20I of the translator also operate at 550 R. P. M. The printing hammer drive cam shaft and carriage space shaft on the driven-side of clutch I51 operate at 2200 R. P. M. when the clutch engages under magnet I50 action. Gear I34 and resulting action operate at 412.8 R. P.-M. Gear I66 operates at 431 R. P. M. but, and this is an interesting and vital feature, does not drive shaft I65 at this speed through the friction clutch I8I, I82, I83 because the rotation of shaft I65 is determined by the frequency of the reed escapement I14, I15. The clutch simply exerts turning moment to the shaft. The natural frequency of vibration of the reed I12 is 19.5 cycles per second acting in 3-cycle escapement on shaft I65, hence shaft I65 performs one revolution in progressive steps at the rate of 390 R. P. M.

With further reference to Fig, 1, let us now consider a typical example of operation through all processes from the striking of a key at one station to the resulting printing of the designated character, or the performance of a function at that same station and at the distant station. It is assumed that the circuits and equipment at the distant station are identical to that shown for the local station in Fig. 1. The gears I 66,

I34, I34 and 230 at both stations are revolving under motor drive. The line to the distant station is connected at L. A ground return is provided at 2 and battery at 3. The line circuit in normal state is from battery 3 by wire 4 to contact lever 22, contact 23, wire II, wire I3, relay winding 48, Wire to distant station and through an identical circuit with distant battery aiding to ground, return by 2 to battery 3. Transmitter bars 25, 23, 27, 28 and 28 and universal bar 24 are to the right as shown with contacts II, I3, I9, 23 and 2| open. The keyboard lockingmagnet is de-energized because the circuit, battery 3, magnet 33, wire 31, cam lever 33, cam contact 33, wire 33, return to battery 3, is open at contact 39. Line relay 48 is energized because, as described above, the line circuit is closed and hence armature 43 is closed with respect to contact 43 setting up a parallel circuit of two branches, one of which holds energized startstop magnet 62 and the other holds energized the selector magnet 65. The respective circuits are, battery 3, wire 4, wire 53, start-stop magnet 62, wire 6| to distributor 51, distributor arm 53, segment 60, wire 45, contact'46, armature 43, wire 62, wire 35 return to battery 3; and battery 3, wire 4, wire 34, selector magnet 65, wire 41, contact 46, armature 43, wire 42, wire 36 return to battery 3. The fact that the start-stop magnet is energized and armature I6'I held down results in the reed II2 being held at rest in position i'I2a under latch I'II, which in turn means that escapement pawl I'I5a is restraining hub I'I4 from movement at pin II4a and hence shaft I35 is at rest with clutch IBI, I82, I83 slipping although gear I66 is revolving. Distributors 49 and 51 and cam wheel 4| as well as the shuttle selector are at rest in normal state. The fact that the selector magnet is energized at this timehas no particular significance other than circuit simplification.

The selector transfer I92, is in its normal position, which is that of transfer selection (to the right in Fig. 2) with the last received selection of marking-spacing permutations set up in the switches 79 to 9| inclusive (that selection not shown). This circumstance is of no moment at this time.

The translator C is running; i. e., the brush arm MI is sweeping the segments, but this also is incidental because the selector-translatorprinter circuit is open at distributor I23. The distributor I26 is at rest with brush arm I21 on an inactive insulated segment. Shaft I30 and cam wheel I29 are at rest due to clutch I3I, I32, being disengaged, although drive side I32 is revolving. The printer B is at rest.

Having described the normal or at rest condition, let us assume key 32 is depressed by the operator. Transmitter bars 26, 28 and 29 are moved to the left or marking position thus closing contact levers I3, I and I6 with contacts I8, 23 and 2| respectively; and bars 25 and Z'I remain to the right as shown in spacing position leaving contact lever I2 and I4 open with respect to contacts I1 and I9. This permutative arrangement corresponds to the letter G in the Baudot code. The universal bar is also at the same time moved to the left opening contact lever 22 with respect to contact 23, thus opening the line circuit at that point.

The opening of the line circuit releases line relay 48 at the local station and at the distant station. Armature 43 releases, thus deenergizing' the start-stop magnet 32 and the selector magnet 55 atboth stations. Accordingly, reed H2 is released by armature I61 and, by moving from position I'I2a to H219, permits shaft I 65 to rotate from pin position H411 to the position of engagement of pin I'I4b on escapement pawl I151). The subsequent escapement actions are described fully in our application, Serial No. 725,968, Patent No. 2,128,242. However, having been released shaft I65 will be permitted to rotate in six successive equidistant steps to stop position with armature I31 down, reed II2 stopped in position HM, and pin I'Ma engaged on escapement pawl I'I5a. In the first half cycle of reed action the shaft I65, having rotated one-sixth revolution, positions distributor arm 53 on segment 5|; distributor arm 53 on segment 59; cam wheel 4| lift action on cam lever 33 to contact 39; and presents the shuttle selector leg I930. (Fig. 3) to the selector magnet armature 66 (Figs. 3 and 4). The distributor arm 53 has now connected line wire I6 to transmitter contact H, which being open with respect to lever I2, constitutes a spacing interval. The movement of distributor arm 58 to segment 53 simply had the effect of removing the windings of start-stop magnet 62 from connection to the line relay contact 46, segment 59 being entirely insulated and disconnected from all circuits. As will be seen later, when distributor arm 53 reaches segment 68a, the start-stop magnet will be energized in anticipation of the return of reed I'I2 to position II2a under latch III on the sixth half cycle, and in order to give the magnet ampletime for operation. The closure of cam lever 33 and contact 33 has energized the keyboard locking magnet 33 and hence locked up the keyboard by means of armature bar 35. The shuttle selector magnet 65 is tie-energized at this particular time, due to the line circuit being open at contact I? (spacing position), and line relay 48 contact being open is in spacing position also, with the result that the shuttle selector leg Nita is directed into the spacing track I89!) of stator I33 by the selector magnet armature 66. These same actions occur at the distant station, with the exception that at that station the keyboard transmitter has not been actuated and is in the normal condition shown in Fig. l, with distributor 43 and the keyboard-transmitting contacts I! to 2| inclusive shorted out of the line circuit by wire II, universal bar contact 23, and lever 22.

The reed escapement now permits shaft I65 to rotate to the next pin position placing distributor arm on segment 52. This is a marking segment at this time because the keyboard transmitter lever I3 is against contact I8 (our initial assumption for letter G, 2, 4, 5, Baudot code), and hence current from battery 3 flows through the line circuit energizing local and distant line relays 48 and moving their armatures 43110 marking position with respect to contact 43, thus energizing selector magnet 65 which moves armature 66 to marking position. The shuttle selecting leg I 9027 (Fig. 3) is now presented to armature 66 (Fig. 4), which directs the selecting leg into marking track I89a.

The process is repeated for three more half cycles of the reed escapement, permitting shaft I65 to progress distributor 'arm 50 to segments 53, 54, and in turn. Segment 53 at this time is a spacing segment, and segments 53 and 55 are marking segments due to the arrangement of the contacts and levers of the keyboard transmitter. The shuttle-selecting legs I830, IBM and I9|le are routed consecutively by the selecting magnet into marking-spacing tracks of stator I89 as ing the fifth half cycle of the reed escapement, 5

distributor arm 58 contacts segment 69a of distributor 91 causing magnet 62 to draw down armature IE'I. The reed H2 at this instant is moving from position I'I2a to I'I2b. Hence latch III is now down, awaiting the return of the reed on the sixth and last half cycle, and upon the reed passing in under the latch the reed will be restrained from further movement.

In the sixthand last half cycle of the reed to stop position, shaft I65 rotates to the initial stoppin I'I Ia. Distributor arm 90 stops on segment 56; distributor arm 58 stops on segment 60; cam wheel 4| releases cam lever 38 from contact 39; universal bar 24 is released by magnet 33 to return to normal, closing contact 23 and lever 22;

cam I91 operates cam lever I31 and shaft I95 positions the shuttle selector in the initial position shown in Fig. 3. All members of shaft I65 have returned to normal, the keyboard transmitter is normal and a selection has been set up,;

in the shuttle selector.

We will now see how this selection is transferred to operate through the electrical selector and translator upon the printer. When cam lever I3! was operated, clutch I3I was permitted topsoengage clutch I32, causing shaft I38 to rotate cam I29. Cam I29 depresses the cam lever I 88, which in turn operates the transfer shift yoke lever I93, shown in Fig. 2, to advance the transfer shaft I91 and frame I92 to the receive-selection;3 5

position with marking-spacing cam arms I92a to I92e, inclusive, thrust against the set selection of the shuttle transfer legs I9I3a to I98e inclusive. This action causes each marking-spacing cam l92a, I921), I920, I92d, and I928 to take either aAO marking or a spacing position as dictated by the positions of the individual shuttle transfer legs I991; I992), I900, I990. and I9Ile. Hence cam I92a is set in spacing position, cam I92?) in marking position, cam I92c in spacing position, and cams 4.5

Further I92d and I 92a in marking positions. movement of shaft I38 returns the entire transfer assembly to transfer position, and transfers this selection to the electrical switches I9, 82, 85, 88 and 9|. lator C is operating continuously; i. e., the brush arm 2M continues to sweep over the segments shown in detail in Figs. 6 and 7. In other words the function of the translator is to seek out a continuity path matching the selection set up in the electrical selector. At the instant this continuity of path is found, pertinent printer action occurs as described below.

With further reference to Fig. 1, the switches of the electrical selector are shown in the position set by the shuttle-selector transfer. Also vthe translator C is shown diagrammatically in the position where continuity is afforded which in our assumption is the letter G. Needless to say the G position of the type wheel of the printer 5 I26, thus closing the circuitfrom battery through selector, translator and printing magnet for the proper duration of time. This circuit is as follows: battery 3, wire I25, distributor arm I21, segment I28, wire IIU,.selector lever I9 (spacing),

contact 2'2, wire 98,.segments 93 (spacing), brush-"7.5

Now it will be recalled that the trans- 5 94, strap I I I, brush 91, segments 98 (marking), wire II, contact 83, selector lever 82 (marking), wire I98, selector lever (spacing), contact 84,

wire I2, segments 99 (spacing), brush I90, strap H2, brush I03, segments I84 (marking), wire "I5, contact 89, selector lever 88 (marking), wire I89, selector lever 9I (marking), contact 92, wire 'Il, segment I07 (marking), brush I96, strap II3, brush H9, character segments .8, wire I24, windings of print magnet I59, return tobattery 3 bycommon wire I5I. The print magnet armature I58 connects positive clutch I51 to drive shaft I96. A proper cam related tothe driven side of the positive clutch I51 delivers the thrust to hammer I54 which strikes pin ISM. The pin thrusts the type character G against the paper carried on roller I38, it being understood that a proper typewriter ribbon is interposed between the type and paper. From the foregoing it will be apparent how any other character or printer function is selected and performed.

We have now shown how we maintain exact synchronization between the processes of transmission and. reception, and in addition how we permutatively set up a selection and transfer that selection subsequently to an electrical translator acting on printing processes.

Having described sufficiently the first phase of I our invention; i. e., the application to the electrical translator and the continuously revolving type wheel printer, and having established in the readers mind the required background, we-will describe hereinafter the application of the principles involved to the mechanical translator and the stop-at-print type wheel, constituting in effect a new, novel, and complete printing telegraph mechanism or station, as will be appreciated by those initiated in the art.

Reference is now made to Figs. 8, 9, 10, and 11.

.Fig. 8 is'a schematic drawing showing the principles involved and the theory of operation, while on the other hand Figs. 9, 10, and 11 are actual construction drawings, showing the various parts in detail and the location and relationship thereof. The same reference numerals are used or not so stated. It is believed that too frequent mention of cross references may be confusing rather than helpful.

In Fig. 8 the intention is to represent one complete transmitting-receiving printing-telegraph .station or unit connected to an identical distant station or unit (not shown) by line and ground connection. Any complete electrical circuit connection between the two stations, wire or radio,

The principle of operation of such only one stunt bar to fall outward in 'a coinicidence of slots. This circumstance is arranged -to effect the stoppage of the type wheel unit I52 at any one of 32 radial positions, there'being 32 possibilities in the five-unit code. The type wheel having'tstopped in 'the"selected position, certain sprinting, carriage step forward, ribbon feedfetc,

functions occur as will be des ribed in detail hereinafter. Our purpose is to show how we operate upon these elements to effect our desired resuit in the following sequence; keyboard operation setting up a permuted arrangement of transmitting contacts and releasing the reed escapement mechanism; reed escapement progression of the selection processes; transference of selection to the translator with subsequent functional performance.

The mechanical transmission features; 1. e., from driving motor to various shafts, clutches, etc., should be understood first. The driving motor is 223 which we will assume to be operating continuously. The motor drive is connected to shaft I35 through gears 224 and I34. It will be noted that a gang cam group is mounted on sleeve I35) on this shaft I35 and the sleeve I30 is normally held out of drive by disengagement of positive clutch member I3I. In order not to break the continuity of thought, we will return to the description of this cam group later. Shaft I35 transmits continuous drive through gears 225, 226, 227, and I66 to the vertical shaft 2. Accordingly it will be seen that the vertical shaft 2 II is in continuous rotation in the direction indicated by the arrow. Now the vertical shaft 2I I is equipped with two friction or slip clutches, one providing driving torque for the rotor I90 of the shuttle selector, and the other providing driving torque for the type wheel I52. The rotor I90 of the shuttle selector is equipped, at the upper section, with a frame carrying externally the five shuttles (a similar arrangement to that shown in Fig. 3) and internally the friction clutch I8I, I82, I83, and I84, while the lower tubular section is equipped with a bevel gear in engagement with the bevel gear 228. (In Fig. 9 details I83 are the driven clutch members attached to the rotor I36; IBI is the driving member attached to the shaft 2H; details I82 are proper slip clutch material and the spring providing frictional engagement is I84.) The bevel gear 228 is keyed to the reed escapement shaft I65, which is equipped with the escapement hub I14 in proper relationship to the reed-driven escapement I15. These features are fully described in the first phase of this invention as Well as in our application Serial No. 725,968. The reed is shown at I12 and the reed start-stop magnet at 62. The reed escapement shaft I65 is equipped with the start-stop functional distributor and also the transmitting distributor 49 as previously described. The cams 243 and 2%, carried on the end of the reed escapement shaft IE5, perform keyboard functions to be described later. The feature to be emphasized at this point is that the vertical shaft 2 is rotating continuously, and tending to rotate the shuttle selector rotor I89 and the reed escapement shaft I55, through torque at the friction clutch IBI, I82, I83 and I84; but that the progression of the shuttle selector rotor I90, and the reed escapement shaft I65, is determined by the performance of the reed controlled escapement I75. In other words, shaft 2 provides the drive, but the progression of shaft I65 and rotor I96 is a function of the reed performance.

As stated above, shaft 2 is provided with another slip clutch for the type wheel I52. The type wheel is so constructed as to present type bars externally in radial disposition as shown, and is equipped internally with the friction clutch affording slip engagement with the vertical shaft 2i I.

(In Fig. 9 the type wheel driven members are 2%, the shaft drive member 206, proper clutch material 2m, and clutch tension spring 209.) It will be apparent that the type wheel is rotated or stopped, dependent upon the action of the translator stunt bars 2 upon the stop member 2 I2 attached to the type wheel.

Returning to the gang cam group mounted on sleeve I39, as stated above, this combination is normally motionless because positive clutch member I3I is held out of engagement by lever I31. However, when shaft I performs one revolution, lever I31, pivoted at I35, is disengaged by cam I81 permitting clutch engagement of I3! with I32; hence the gang cam group performs one revolution and is then disengaged by lever I37. These cams perform functional features as follows: 23! operates the ribbon feed; I29 operates the shuttle selector transfer shift arm I3 through cam lever I88; 230 operates the print hammer I54 (Fig. 10) through cam lever 232 on the down stroke and the carriage step forward ratchet arm 231, through member 23 1 on the up stroke; 225 performs the functions (not shown) of carriage return, line feed, and figures and letters shift, through trigger action of pertinent translator stunt bars 2M upon connecting links. These latter features are not shown because it is not desired to unduly complicate the figures.

Let us return now to the description of this application of the shuttle selector, transfer, and the direct action of transference of selection to the translator. The rotor of the shuttle selector is I90 equipped with the five shuttles ISM to Mlle, inclusive, which have selecting legs operating in stator track ISBa marking or I891) spacing, the theory having been previously described in connection with Fig. 4; i. e., the selecting magnet armature 55 at a given instant upon rotation of the rotor I93 asigns each of the five selecting legs I9ila to Ififie inclusive to either the marking track I891; or the spacing track I891) dependent upon whether armature 55 is in marking or spacing position. The shuttle selector stator IE9 is supported by frames 2I9 and 220 (Fig. 9), which also serve to support the translator housing 2I3. The shuttles IQta to I9Ile, inclusive, also have the transfer legs at right angles to the selecting legs, the transfer legs being positioned to act upon the transfer cams I92a. to I926, inclusive. (These members are called cams because they are so termed in the description of the first phase of this invention and an effort has been made to preserve the same nomenclature and detail numbers throughout insofar as practicable.) The selector transfer, however, in this phase of the invention performs two functions; i. e., to transfer the selection from the shuttle selector to the five translator discs M5 by direct mechanical action, and to reset the translator stunt bars 2M. The selector transfer frame is I92, with the transfer cams I92a to I92e, inclusive, pivoted about the lower section, the transfer shift yoke I53 engaging directly above, and at the upper section is provided with a reset disc so formed as to reset any of the stunt bars 2I4 upon downward movement of the selector transfer frame. This feature will be appreciated upon an examination of the relationship shown in Fig. 9. Also, upon downward movement of the selector transfer, the cams receive the selection from the shuttle transfer legs and hence assume marking or. spacing positions. Let us examine the action of these cams I92a to I92e upon the five translator push-pull bars 'CZIGato 2I6e, inclusive. In marking position the cams force the push-pull bar's out, and in spacing pos'i tion draw these bars in. The pin engagement of the cams into slots in the bars in conjunction with the V section in the housing above each cam afford this action upon operation of the transfer frame. This action will also be appreciated upon an examination of Fig. 9. Now the push-pull bars 2I6a. to 2I6e inclusive in marking or spacing positions, set the pertinent translator slotted discs 2I5 in marking or spacing positions by means of the individual shafts 2I'Ia to 2I'Ie arranged about the translator housing 2I3.

The keyboard transmitter is shown schematically in the lower right hand section of Fig. 8 and in actual construction in the lower lefthand section of Fig. 10. This keyboard transmitter is new and novel in numerous respects and provides certain advantages over types developed to date. These advantages will become apparent to those skilled in the art as the description is continued, and are briefly as follows: equal throw for all keys; the elimination of thrust action of key bars upon saw-toothed lateral members, the lateral members being pivoted at their extremities resulting in a reduction of frictional effects; the provision of means for the assembly of code combinations on any key Without the limitations of being restricted to a given permuted arrangement of fixed saw-teeth on a number of bars; and the inclusion of a uniform load cam combination directly on the reed-controlled shaft, which releases and restores the keyboard contact lever combinations as well as operates in conjunction with keyboard lock members. Referring again to Fig. 8, one key is shown at 32. The code bars common to all keys and'pivoted each at two extremities on the same axis are 25, 26, 21, 28, and 29. It will be noted that the permuted arrangement for each key with respect to the common code bars is accomplished by the disposition of identical extension fingers in marking or spacing positions. Projection of the fingers to the right of the key is marking position and to the left of the key is spacing position. The universal bar 24 is acted upon by all keys. Upon depression of a given key (the key 32 in Figs. 8 and 10 is shown depressed) the extension code fingers of that key rock the code bars 25, 26, .27, 2B and 29 into marking or spacing positions. The code bars in turn operate upon contact pawls 261, 268, 269, 210 and 2lI which are pivoted on a common center line between the code bars and the code transmitting contact levers I2, I3, I4, I5 and I6. In stop or restore position the transmitting contact levers are heldaway from contacts I1, I8, I9, 26 and 2| by the release bar 256 which is pivoted at 251 and 258, but in this position the bar permits closure between an additional contact combination; i. e., contact lever 22 and contact 23 which may be termed start-stop contact members. The contact levers are insulated from the release bar. In Fig. 8 the release bar is shown in the release position, its normal position being as indicated to the right by the dotted line. Now it will be seen that with the release bar in normal position and all transmitting contact levers held away from their respective contacts, and the start-stop contact combination closed, the contact pawls 267, 268, 269, 216 and 2' are free to receive a marking or spacing setting from the code bars. Upon being set in the desired; position by key operation, simultaneous operation of the universal bar latch 266 permits the release bar 256 to move away from the contact levers in turn, permitting the contact levers to make their respective contacts under the residual spring tension set in the contact levers, if the contact pawls do not interfere (marking position), and at the same time removes the start-stop contact lever 22 from contact 23. The contact pawls do interfere, if in spacing position, and prevent the pertinent contact levers from closing with the contacts. Attention is invited to the fact that the release bar locks the contact pawls in position by the interposition of teeth on the release bar with respect to pins on the contact pawls (see Fig. 10) and hence locks up the keyboard.

The universal bar latch 266 is so arranged, that upon the depression of a key the latch is removed from behind the extension 259 of the release bar, thus permitting the release bar to move to the left under the action of its retractile spring. Also the trip pawl 262, attached to the universal bar 24 which lifted the latch 266 from engagement with the extension 259 is in turn disengaged from lift action on latch 26!) by being cammed out of engagement by roller 263. The latch is accordingly free to fall in place behind extension 259 upon the release bar returning to normal. The reason for this feature is to pre-' vent repetitive operation upon holding down a key. As arranged, a key must be depressed for each and every operation.

We have discussed the release features of the bar 256. Let us nowdescribe the restore features of this bar, through theagency of the cam combination on the reed escapement shaft, which results in removing the lock from the keyboard,

opening all transmitting contacts, and restoring the start-stop contact lever 22 to'close with contact 23. Before doing so, however, let us first invite attention to the pin 254 in the slot of link 253 and to the fact that this pin does not pre vent bar 256 from releasing and moving from the right or restore position ,to the left or release position upon disengagement of the keyboard latch 266. This pin performs a restore function, but does not prevent the release function. To continue, two cam discs 243 and 244 are mounted on the reed escapement shaft I65. Roller 252 operates on cam disc 243 and roller 25I operates on cam disc 244. The relative positions in which these items are shown is that of start which of course coincides with that of stop. The roller 252 on cam disc 243 in conjunction with arm 245 and link 253 actually delivers the restore stroke to the bar 256 through pin 254; but throughout one revolution of shaft I65, cam disc 244 and roller 25I have been building up tension in spring 249 delivers the restore stroke to bar 256 through arm 245, link 253 and pin 254, which is followed immediately thereafter by fall off of ro1ler,25I on cam disc 244, resulting in a setting as shown in the figures but with the bar 256 in the restored position to the right rather than in the released position to the left. The .bar 256. is shown in.

the released position for descriptive reasons to be used later on the assumption that a key has just been depressed. Obviously arms 245 and 250 are pivoted at 24'! and 248.

Several miscellaneous items appearing in the figures have not been mentioned up to this point and these should be described before preceeding further. In Fig. 8, the numeral 48 designates a high-speed-line relay with armature 43 and contact 46. In Fig, 10, the numeral 2E3 designates an arm which restores any given type bar which has completed printing; I54a is the hammer pin operating upon the presented type bar; I54 is the printing hammer; MI is a paper tube for storing rolls of paper, should such be desired, although often paper will be used as in the regular typewriter; the carriage is pivoted at 240 to permit of shifting to the letters or figures position with the step forward rack at 238 and the carriage return spring housing I63; and 22I is the rack which supports the operating lever arms coordinated with the cam group mounted on sleeve I30, the bearing center of the levers being shown at 222 in Fig. 9. One of these levers is shown in detail in Fig. 11. As mentioned previously, certain additional functional features are mentioned in this description which are not shown in the drawings due to the desire not unduly to complicate the drawings, but the interaction of the devices shown upon these functional features will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. As examples in this respect, it has been shown how the translator stunt bars 2I4 effect stoppage of the type wheel in character printing positions, but four of these stunt bars stop the type wheel in blank positions, the movement of the stunt bars being used tooperate trigger link members presenting function performing members to the action of cam 229. The functions in question are line feed, carriage return, figures shift and letters shift. Also the ribbon feed is driven from cam 23I in such a manner that every revolution of the cam serves to ratchet the ribbon progressively through a pinion gear transmission, this drive being automatically reversible.

With further reference to Fig. 8, let us now consider a typical example of operation through all processes from the striking of a key at one station to the resulting printing of the desig- The two stations are connected together by line r wire continuation at L and earth return at 2. Obviously any electrical connection between the two stations is within the scope of the invention, Let us first describe the normal state of the various elements before a key is depressed. The motor 223 is operating continuously at both stations, and hence shafts I and 2H are in continuous rotation, but the gang cam group on sleeve I 30 is at rest held out of drive at clutch I3I. All keys are up, latch 260 is behind extension 259, the release bar 256 is to the right in restore position with contact levers I2, I3, I4, I5, and I6 away from contacts I'I, I8, I9, 20, and 2|, and with contact lever 22 closed with respect to contact 23. The distributor arm 58 is as shown with the brush contacting segment 60 of the distributor 51, and the distributor arm is also as shown with the brush contacting segment 56 of the distributor 49. The start- stop cam combination 243, 244, 25I and 252 is as shown. The reed I12 is in position I'I2a held by armature latch I'II of magnet 62. Escapement pawl I'I5a is opposing movement of pin H40. and hence shaft I65 and the shuttle selector rotor I33 are at rest with friction clutch I8! slipping. The shuttle selector transfer I92 is in the position shown in the figure, with the marking-spacing cams I82a to 1326 in the positions of the last received selection, the push-pull bars 2I6a. to

2 I6e, inclusive, and the translator bars 2I5 being similarly disposed. The type wheel is stopped at the last selected stunt bar 2I4 with friction clutch 2G5 slipping. All functions are in normal position.

The line circuit is, starting with battery 3, wire 4 to contact 23, contact lever 22, wire II, wire I0, line relay 48, wire I, and by line wire to the distant station, whereby a similar circuit connection is made through battery aiding to ground and return to battery 3 at ground 2. The selector circuit is, battery 3, wire 4, wire 64, magnet 65, wire 47, line relay contact 46, armature 43, and wire 42 return to battery 3. The selecting magnet 65 being energized, armature 66 is in marking position. The reed start-stop circuit is, battery 3, wire 4, wire 63, start-stop magnet 32, wire 6|, distributor arm 58, segment 60, wire 45, line relay contact 46, armature 43, and wire 42 return to battery 3. The start-stop magnet is energized holding reed H2 in position I'I2a by armature latch III,

We will assume that key 32 represents the letter G and is coded 2, 4, 5, marking, and I, 3, spacing, in the Baudot five-unit code, and that this key is now depressed as shown in Fig. 8. The universal bar 24 is operated and code bars 26, 28 and 29, and contact pawls 268, 210 and 2H are set in marking positions, while code bars 25 and 21 and contact pawls 261 and 269 are set in spacing positions. The release bar is released by latch 238 and moves to the left. Trip 262 is cammed out from under latch 260 by roller 263. Contact lever 22 is lifted off contact 23, contact lever I2 is not permitted to close with contact I'I because pawl 26'! in spacing position is interposed, contact lever I3 is closed with contact I8 pawl 268 being in marking position, contact lever I4 is not permitted to close with contact I9 because pawl 26!! in spacing position is interposed, and contact levers I5 and I6 are closed with contacts 20 and 2I., respectively, pawls 210 and TH being in marking positions. In brief, the line circuit has been opened at contact lever 22 and the code for the letter G has been set up in the transmitting contacts.

At the distant station no key having been depressed, that station being for the time the receiving station, the keyboard contact combination remains in normal position and preserves the continuity of line circuit at contact lever 22 throughout the subsequent operations.

The line circuit having been opened at contact lever 22 at the local transmitting station, the line relay 43 is de-energized at both stations, and from now on the performance being the same at both stations, except for keyboard contact restoration, the description will be confined to the local station with the understanding that the performance is duplicated at the distant station. The line relay armature 43 falls away from contact 46, de-energizing the selector magnet 65, which releases armature 66 to move to spacing position, and also tie-energizes the reed startstop magnet 62 and hence releases the reed I12 which moves from position I12a to position I12b on the first half cycle. The reed driven escapement pawl I15a also moves to the left from under pin I14a, thereby permitting shaft I65 to rotate until pin I 145 is stopped by pawl I15b. Distributor arm 58 of the transmitting distributor 49 moves to segment and contact lever I2 being in spacing position, the line relay 48 remains deenergized and armature 43 being open with respect to contact 46, the selecting magnet 65 also remains de-energized with the selecting armature 66 in spacing position. In the progression of shaft I65 from pin position I14a to H419, the shuttle selector rotor I99 has also progressed to a corresponding angular position and in so doing has presented the selecting leg of shuttle I9ila to be routed into the spacing track I891) by the armature 66 then in spacing position. The distributor arm 56 of distributor 51 has likewise moved from segment 68 to segment 59 which is insulated from the rest of the circuit, the purpose being to remove the reed start-stop magnet from the circuit throughout segment 59 in order that this magnet will be inactive during that period. The reed I12 now returns from position I12b to position H201. and releases pin |14b at escapement pawl I151); thus permitting shaft I65 to rotate to the next pin position; i. e., pin I14c which is stopped by escapement pawl I15a. Distributor arm 5|] of the transmitting distributor 49 moves from segment 5| to segment 52, and contact lever I3 being in marking position, the line relay 48 is energized through the circuit, battery 3, wire 4, contact lever I3, contact I8,

wire 6, segment 52, distributor arm 59, wire III,

relay 48, wire I, and by line wire through distant circuit of wire I, line relay 43, wire III, wire II, contact 22, contact lever 23 closed, wire 4, battery 3 aiding and return to local battery 3 at ground 2. The energized line relay 48 attracts armature 43 to contact 46, and hence energizes the selector magnet 65 which places the selector magnet armature 66 in marking position, thereby directing the selecting leg of shuttle I961) into marking track I89a, it being understood that the shuttle selector rotor I96 progresses with shaft I65. In fact the angular movements of progression of distributor rotors 56 and 58 and the shuttle selector rotor are identical.

The process as described above is repeated for three half cycles of the reed in which the distributor arm 58 is permitted to rotate consecu-.

tively from segment 52 to 53, 53 to 54, and 54 to 55, in phase with distributor arm 58 and with the shuttle selector rotor I99, thereby assigning the selecting leg of shuttle I9|Ic to spacing track I891), of shuttle IBM to marking track IBM, and of shuttle |9lle to marking track I89a, as determined by the position of contact levers I4, I5 and I6 with respect to contacts I9, 20, and 2| and the subsequent performance of the line relay 48 and the selecting magnet 65 in spacing and marking positions. Upon the arrival of distributor arm 58 on segment 69a of distributor 51, it will be noted that the start-stop magnet 62 is then connected to battery, causing-operation of armature I61 in anticipation of the return of reed I12 under latch III. The sixth or last half cycle of the reed now occurs; '1. e., the reed moves from position II2b to initial position I12a. and in so doing is locked in that position by latch I1I. Shaft I65 rotates from escapement pin I14 to escapement pin I14a whichis the initial or stop position and is held there by escapement pawl I15a. In this progression of shaft I65, the cam group 243 and 244 come into action, causing arm to pull upon arm 245 through tension of spring 249, that tension having been built up throughout the revolution of cam 244 on roller 25I,and when roller 252drops into the startstop depression of cam 243, this spring tension is exerted to restore bar 256 through link 253. The keyboard and transmitter are now returned to normal, with all transmitting contact levers open with respect to the contacts, and with the start-stop contact lever 22 closed with respect to contact 23; with latch 260 engaged behind extension 259; and with key 32 restored under action of spring 266. The line circuit is now closed as at the start of our operational example. In the progression of shaft I65 from the fifth to the sixth position, rotor 58 of the distributor 46 moves from segment 55 to the initial insulated segment 56, and rotor 58 of distributor 51 moves from segment 6Iiato segment 66, thereby restoring the connection 6| of the start-stop magnet 62 to operation from the line relay 48 armature and contact combination 43 and 46. Shaft I65 in this same progression presents cam I81 to operate clutch arm I31 after which, as stated above, shaft I65 stops at escapement pin position I14a. Now the shuttle selector rotor I 96 being the driving member for shaft I65 has performed the same angular progression and is also stopped by virtue of the gear connection with shaft I65. The position in which the shuttle selector rotor stops coincides with its starting position, and all shuttles have been set in the marking-spacing code for letter G, with their transfer legs presented for the subsequent action of the selector transfer I92.

When the cam I81 operated clutch arm I31, the positive driven clutch member I3I was permitted to engage the driving clutch member I32 under action of spring I33. As characteristic of the action of the particular type of clutch and arm shown, one revolution of the clutch member |3| again disengages that member by means of the cam contoured surface acting on the rounded extremity of arm I31. However, in that revolution clutch member I3I drives the sleeve I of the gang cam group mounted thereon. These cams are contoured to perform their various functions in a definite sequence.

Cam I29 is the first to operate upon cam lever I88, which in turn operates the transfer shift yoke arm I93 about pivot I9I. The cam thrusts roller and cam lever I88 up (normally held down and restored by spring I94, Figs. 10 and 11), hence thrusting arm I93 up and, being pivoted at I'9I, the yoke engaging the transfer frame I 92 down; This action presents the marking-spacing'cams I92a to I92e, inclusive, to the shuttle transfer legs |9Ila to I906, inclusive, which latter having been set I 9%, I 9901, and I90e marking and,

I991; and I980 spacing, transfer that selection to the transfer marking-spacing cams as I92b, I92d, and I926 marking, and I92a and I92c spacing. As the transfer frame I92 moved down, the reset disc at the top' of the frame restores the translator bar 2 I4 (previously selected) to the no-selection position, hence all bars are aligned receptive to a selection. Upon cam I29 now permitting cam lever I83 to move down under action of spring I54, the transfer frame I92 is moved up; i. e., returned to normal, and in so doing the marking-spacing cams I92'a to I92e, inclusive, operate upon the push-pull bars 2I6a to 2 I6e, inclusive,-setting those bars in the positions 2|6b, 216d, a'nd- 2I6'eI marking, and 2I6a, and 2I6C spacing, These push-pull bars in turn by rotation of shaft 2I'Ia to Hire, inclusive, set the five individual translator slotted discs 2I5 in the relationship 2, 4,, 5, marking and 1 and 3 spacing. Properly timed thereto by the upward motion of the reset disc of the transfer frame I92, one of the stunt bars 2E4 falls into the coincidence of slots of the translator slotted discs, being drawn therein by an individual spring, and being in the assumption of our operational example, a stunt bar falling in the location designed to stop the type wheel I52 in the position with the letter G facing the paper, and with that type bar extension under the hammer drive pin, and also with that type bar in line with the printing slot. Obviously the type wheel I52 has rotated under the friction drive of clutch 2% from the time of stunt bar reset to stunt bar select which in a properly timed arrangement need never exceed one revolution of the type wheel.

Referring to Fig. 10, the type wheel character G is now properly positioned with respect to the printing slot in the frame plate and also properly positioned with respect to the hammer drive pin lE l-c. The hammer I54 is now pulled down sharply by action of cam lever 232 and spring 233 upon properly timed fall off of cam 239, the hammer blow being transmitted through the hammer drive pin Ii'via to sharply rotate the type bar of the letter G against the paper on roller I38, whereupon the hammer is restored by cam action, the hammer pin by spring action, and the type bar by spring action on member ZIU. The return motion of hammer I54 serves to carriage step forward through arm 234, acting on ratchet 237 engaging rack 238.

Returning to Fig. 8, the gang cam group during its. rotation, and previously to the printing hammer actuation, operated cam 23! performing the ribbon feed function, and presented cam 229 potentially active to deliver the power for such functions as carriage return, line feed, figure shift, or letter shift, had one of those functions been selected instead of, as in our assumption, the letter G.

As regards the rate of rotation of the vacuum shafts and other rotational elements with respect to the vibrating reed, the following relationship has been found to be very satisfactory; reed 21 cycles per second which escapes shaft I65, and the shuttle selector rotor I98 at the rate of 420 R. P. M.; motor drive and hence rotation of shaft I35, 450 R. 1?. hi; and vertical drive shaft 2I I, 600 R. P. M.

We have shown the advantages of our method of selection and transfer selection under the progressive steps established by the reed driven escapement. It is believed that the consistency of these processes will be apparent to those skilled in the art. In addition, we have shown an entire interactive complete printing telegraph unit in Figs. 8, 9, and 11 and the related description, which has many advantages other than those previously cited. The simplicity of design and compactness should immediately become apparent. In fact, the model machine finally constructed was of the approximate dimensions, Weight, disposition of the usual conventional typewriter.

Changes and modifications are contemplated within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

We claim;

1. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality of transmitting and receiving machines, each machine being provided with means for the transmission and reception of electrical impulses in combination a transmitting distributor assembly and a receiving shuttle selector assembly; a transfer assembly responsive to said selector assembly; a type-bar-wheel assembly; a translator assembly operated by said selector assembly to establish selective printing positions of said type-bar-wheel assembly; means including rotatable elements for operating said transmitting distributor assembly and said receiving shuttle selector assembly in step by step unison, said means comprising an escapemcnt mechanism, and a constant frequency device for positively actuating and controlling said mechanism.

2. In a printing telegraph machine, means including a circuit system for the transmission and reception of signalling impulses; a selecting mechanism comprising a stator incorporating marking and spacing tracks, and a track switch; a rotor provided with shuttle members, said members carrying selector legs adapted to operate in said tracks; means for progressing said rotor in definite and equidistant steps whereby said selector legs are presented in consecutive order to the operation of said switch, and Whereby said selector legs are routed into either a marking or spacing track, said means comprising an escapement mechanism; and a constant frequency device for timing and positively driving said mechanism in exact phase with signalling impulses transmitted through said circuit system.

3. In a printing telegraph machine, means including a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions; a' selecting mechanism I comprising a stator and a rotor, said stator incorporating marking and spacing tracks, and a track switch, and said rotor including pivoted shuttle mem-- bers; selecting legs actuated by said members and selectively operable in said tracks; means for actuating said switch whereby said selecting legs are directed into either a marking 0r spacing track in exact phase relation with code combinations transmitted through said circuit system, said means comprising an escapement mechanism; and a constant frequency device for timing and positively driving said mechanism.

4. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality of stations and means at each station for the transmission and reception of signalling impulses; a selecting mechanism at each station comprising a stator component incorporating marking and spacing tracks, and a track switch; a rotor component including pivoted shuttle members and selecting legs operative in said tracks and actuated by said members; a set of transfer elements; means responsive to electrical code signals and operative with said track switch to direct said selecting legs into either a marking or spacing track, and for effecting the permutative radial disposition of said transfer elements; an means for maintaining exact synchronism between electrical and mechanical processes of selection and transfer comprising an escapement mechanism; and matched reeds of constant periodicity for timing and positively driving said mechanism at each station.

5. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations: of signalling conditions; a shuttle selecting mechanism incorporating apair of tracks, andincluding shuttle members adapted to operate in said tracks;

and means in said circuit'system' for orienting said members into operative position in said tracks, said means including an'electro-magnetic device having its armature functioning as a switch and acting selectively in accordance with permutations of code signals transmitted in said circuit system.

6. In a, printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions; a shuttle mechanism incorporating a pair of tracks, and shuttle members adapted to operate in said tracks; an electro-magnetic switch for selectively actuating said members and for guiding the same into operative, position into said tracks; and means for maintaining the operation of said switch in phase with said code signals, comprising an escapement mechanism;

and a vibrating reed of constant periodicity for timing and positively actuating said mechanism.

7. In a printing telegraph machine, comprising means for the transmission and reception of signalling impulses; a selecting mechanism including a stator component incorporating marking and spacing tracks; a rotor component carrying shuttle members, said members being provided with selecting legs adapted to operate in said tracks; a track switch for selectively actuating said legs; a drive shaft, and a driven shaft carrying said rotor component; means comprising a friction clutch for coupling the drive and driven shafts; and means for causing said selecting legs to be presented in sequence for operation with said switch and .at a definite rate in predetermined incremental progression, said H means comprising an escapement mechanism operatively coordinated with the rotor component; and a constant frequency device for driving and timing said escapement mechanism, and independently of the rotational speed of the said drive shaft and clutch.

8. In a printing telegraph .machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of signalling conditions; a selecting mechanism comprising a stator component incorporating a marking track and a spacing track; a track switch; a rotor component including shuttle members and cooperative selecting legs adapted to operate in said tracks; a corresponding set of transfer legs; means responsive to signalling conditions acting upon the progression of said rotor elements to cause said switch to direct said selecting legs into either a marking or spacing track and for simultaneously effecting permutations in the radial disposition of said transfer legs; a transfer mechanism including marking-spacing cams; and means for operatively communicating the permutations of said transfer legs to said cams in readiness to perform subsequent selective functions.

9. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of electrical code signals; a shuttle selecting mechanism provided with a plurality of radial elements positioned for permutable operation in accordance with said signals; a transfer mechanism comprising cam members operative withsaid elements; an electrical translator for effecting printing and other functional operations, said translator including a plurality of electrical switches operatively connected in said circuit system; and means operatively co-v ordinating said transfer mechanism with said selecting mechanism whereby said switches respond to said permutable operation and in proper phase relationship with said signals.

10. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of electrical code signals; a shuttle selecting mechanism provided with a plurality of radial elements adapted for permutable operation in accordance with said signals; a transfer mechanism including a plurality of pivoted cam members operatively positioned relative to said elements to receive a permuted settingfrom said selecting mechanism; means for operatively coordinating said transfer mechanism with said selecting mechanism; a translator provided with slotted discs and including a plurality of pushpull bars for actuating said discs; and means for transferring said permuted setting through said bars to set said discs in marking or spacing position and. in accordance with said code signals.

11. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system. for the transmission and reception of electrical code signals; a selecting mechanism adapted for permutable operation in accordance with said signals, said mechanism being provided with a plurality of radial selecting elements; a transfer mechanism including a plurality of pivoted cam members operative with said elements to receive a permuted setting from said selecting mechanism; a mechanical translator having stunt bars coordinated therewith, and a restore disc operating upon said stunt bars; means for bringing the transfer mechanism into operative relation with the selecting mechanism, and simultaneously to restore said stunt bars to normal position.

12. A mechanism in accordance with the preceding claim, in which the mechanical translator includes a plurality of slotted code discs and pushpull bars adapted to'operate therewith; and means to cause said bars to rotate said discs into either marking or spacing positions in accordance with the aforesaid permuted setting, and simultaneously to clear said stunt bars whereby any selected bar is placed in operative relation with said slotted code discs.

- 13. In a printing telegraph machine, a selecting mechanism for the reception of permutable code combinations of electrical signals comprising an electro-magnetic relay having an armature adapted to operate in response to signalling conditions; a stator component incorporating a marking track and a spacing track; a rotor component including a plurality of pivoted shuttle members provided with selecting legs adapted to operate in the tracks of said stator component; a switch actuated by said armature to cause said selecting legs to operate in said tracks selectively in accordance with said signalling conditions; and means for progressing said rotor whereby said selecting legs are assigned to marking or spacing positions consecutively and in a step-wise manner.

14. In a printing telegraph machine, a mechanical translator comprising a plurality of discs slotted'internally in permutable relationship in respect to marking and spacing positions of said discs; a plurality of stunt bars disposed transversely of said discs and operative with said slots when in registry in accordance with a selection of one of said bars and upon a given permuted arrangement'of said discs; a plurality of push-pull bars operatively coordinated with said stunt bars; a transfer mechanism comprising means for moving said push-pull bars into marking or spacing positions and for disposing the same permutably with respect to said discs; means for restoring said stunt bars to normal position, and for acting upon said push-pull bars in their marking spacing movement during one-half cycle of motion of a unit assembly, which includes a transfer selection frame and a translator stunt bar control disc; and means for completing the action upon said push-pull bars in their marking-spacing movement with respect to said discs, and for freeing said stunt bars to permit a selection of said bars by said discs in the subsequent half cycle of movement of the same unit assembly.

15. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of permutable code combinations of electricalsignals, including a selector assembly, and a translator assembly provided with selecting elements; a transfer mechanism operative to receive a permuted setting from the selector and to transfer that setting to the selecting elements of said translator;

means for restoring said selecting elements of the translator to normal in one-half cycle of motion of a unit assembly, said assembly including a transfer selection frame and translator stunt bar control disc; and means for completing the operation of the translator and for freeing the selecting elements of said translator to perform the function of selection in the subsequent half cycle of motion of the same unit assembly.

16. A printing telegraph machine, comprising a selector mechanism, a transfer mechanism, a translator mechanism, and a type wheel mechanism; means operative through said mechanisms to effect the stoppage of said type wheel in a selected printing position; means for operatively coordinating said mechanisms comprising a drive shaft having its longitudinal axis common to all of said mechanisms, and including interacting mechanical elements disposed concentrically about the same common axis.

17. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism, omprising in combination a pluralityof keybars, acooperating lever system including transmitting contact levers and contact elements operative to transmit permutative code combinations 'of electrical signals; means responsive to an equal throw of said keybars to select a permuted arrangement of said contact levers; a universal bar mechanism operative with the keybars; a release bar and means acting through said mechanism on operation of any given keybar to unlatch said release bar for establishing a mechanical arrangement in marking spacing relationship of said contact levers with respect to the said contact elements.

18. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising a plurality of keybars; a plurality of code bars operative with the lceybars in marking-spacing positions; code fingers on said keybars adapted for permutable operation With said code bars; a plurality of contact levers and corresponding contact elements operative therewith; and means for transferring the marking-spacing permutations of said code bars to control the operative relationship of said contact levers and contact elements, said means including a plurality of pawls actuated by said code bars.

19. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising in combination a plurality of keybars each provided with code fingers; contact levers and contact elements operative therewith to transmit code combinations of electrical signals; and an intermediate lever system for operatively coordinating said keybars with said contact levers, including transfer links and code bars, said bars being pivoted for balanced rotational movement about a central fulcrum and having operative engagement with said fingers and said links at pivot points in balanced relation to said fulcrum.

20. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism, comprising in combination a plurality of keys and keybars; a plurality of pivoted code bars selectively positioned by said keybars, and intermediate pivoted pawls positioned in turn by said code bars; transmitting contact levers and contact elements operated through the instrumentality of said pawls for the transmission of code combinations of electrical signals; and means comprising a plurality of interchangeable fingers located in permuted arrangement on said keybars and operatively engaging the said code bars to establish with each keying operation a corresponding permuted marking-spacing relationship through said. code bars, intermediate pawls and contact levers.

21. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising a plurality of keys and keybars guided for equal vertical motion; a plurality of balanced levers selectively positioned by said keybars, including a plurality of code bars carried by each keybar, and intermediate balanced levers acted upon by said last-named levers, and including transmitting contact levers, to effect a combination of electrical contacts in a signalling circuit; and means comprising a plurality of inter-changeable fingers located in permuted arrangement on said keybars and operatively engaging the said code bars to establish with each keying operation a corresponding permuted marking-spacing relationship through said code bars and contact levers to establish a sequence of code signals.

22. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising a plurality of keys and, keybars; a cooperating lever system, including a plurality of balanced code bars pivotally mounted on each keybar; transmitting contact levers and corresponding contact elements for transmitting permutable code combinations of electrical signals; code extension fingers located in permuted relationship on each keybar for operative engagement with said code bars; means comprising intermediate con-'- tact pawls operative with said code bars to transfer the permuted operations of said bars to open and close said contact elements in accordance with the permuted relationship of said fingers; means for locking the contact levers in operative relation to said contact elements, said means comprising a release-restore bar provided with projections and pins carried by the said transmitting contact pawls adapted to assume locking engagement with the said projections; and means to release said locking'engagement in response to subsequent operation of said bar.

23. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising means in combination with a keyboard for the transmission of permutable code combinations of signalling impulses, said means including transmitting contacts and contact levers adapted to assume marking-spacing positions in relation to said contacts; contact pawls operative with said contact levers; a release mechanism comprising a release bar operative to release said contact levers to assume marking-spacing positions with respect to said contacts, said release bar including means operative with said contact pawls to 24. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising a keyboard and means in combination therewith for the transmission of permutable code combinations of signalling impulses, said means including transmitting contacts and contact levers adapted to assume marking-spacingpositions in relation to said contacts; marking-spacing pawls operative with said contact levers; a contact lever release mechanism comprising a release bar operative to release said contact levers to assume marking-spacing positions with respect to said contacts, said bar being provided with means operative with said pawls to lock up said keyboard; and means including a pair of cams coupled in opposition, a lever system operative therewith and spring means, one of said cams functioning on one revolution to build up tension in said spring means; and a link element for communicating energy from said spring means at restore position of said cam to said release bar to restore the release mechanism to normal and to unlock said keyboard.

25. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising means in combination with a keyboard for the transmission of code combinations of signalling impulses, said means including transmitting contacts and contact levers adapted to assume marking-spacing positions in relation to said contacts; an intermediate lever system including contact pawls operative with said contact levers; a release mechanism including a release bar functioning to release said contact levers to assume marking-spacing positions with respect to said contacts, said bar being provided with means operative with saidv pawls to lock up said keyboard; means including start-stop cams and a lever system operative therewith and with said release mechanism to restore said mechanism to normal; means for rotating said cams comprising a driven shaft and a prime mover differentially coupled thereto; an escapement mechanism for controlling the rotation of said driven shaft at a definite rate of progression, and independently of the speed of the prime mover; and a constant frequency device for timing and driving the escapement mechanism.

26. In a printing telegraph machine, a keyboard transmitter mechanism comprising a keyboard and means coordinated therewith for the transmission of code combinations of signalling impulses, said means including transmitting contacts and contact levers adapted to assume marking-spacing positions in relation to said contacts; intermediate pawls operative with the contact levers; "a release mechanism functioning to-cause I said contact levers to assume said marking-spam ently of the speed of the prime mover; and a con-' stant frequency device for timing and driving the escapement mechanism.

27. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of permuted code combinations of electrical signals, including a selector assembly, a translator assembly having means including selecting elements adapted to effect and control printing and machine functions; a transfer mechanism operative to receive a permuted setting from the selector and to transfer that setting to the selecting elements of saidtranslator; means for restoring said selecting elements of the translator to normal and thereby timing said functions in one-half cycle of motion of a unit assembly, said assembly comprising the frame of said transfer mechanism and a disc member of formed periphery; and means for completing the operation of the translator and forfreeing the selecting elements of said translator to perform a new selection of functions in the subsequent half cycle of motion of the same unit assembly.

28. In a printing telegraph machine, a selector mechanism, a transfer mechanism, and a translator mechanism; means includin rotatable elements for operatively coordinating said mechanisms; a drive shaft for transmitting movement to said elements, said shaft having its longitudinal axis common to all of said mechanisms; and means for controlling the predetermined progression of said elements, said means comprising an escapement -which escapes the incremental progression of the selector independently of the rotational rate of said drive shaft; and a constant frequency device for timing and positively driving said escapement.

29. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions; a transmitting selector distributor mechanism comprising a rotary element; a receiving selector comprising a rotary element,

equipped with a plurality of radially disposed fin-v gers responsive to selecting means in said circuit system; driving means; a common driven connection between said rotary elements differentially coupled to said driving means; and means for effecting the rotation of the transmitting rotary element and the receiving rotary element simultaneously.

30. In a start-stop system of printing telegraphy, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions; a rotary element for selecting transmitting conditions; a second rotary element, equipped with a plurality of extended and radially disposed fingers responsive to selecting means in said circuit system connected to said first named element for selecting receiving conditions; driving means for differentially operating said connected rotary elements; and means to effect the start-stop rotation of said elements simultaneously.

31. In a start-stop system of printing telegraphy, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions; a rotary element for selecting transmitting conditions; a second rotary element operating with said first named element for selecting receiving conditions; differentially coupled driving means including a friction clutch interposed between said rotary elements; means for effecting the rotation of said rotary elements in a plurality of steps from start to stop, the

number of steps being equal to the signalling code employed, and including an escapement mechanism; and means comprising a constant frequency device for positively driving and controlling said escapement mechanism.

32. In a printing telegraph machine, means comprising a circuit system for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling impulses; a transmitting selector distributor mechanism comprising a plurality of conducting segments and including a rotary element selective with respect to a plurality of said segments allotted to the transmission of each impulse; a receiving selector mechanism comprising selecting members, including an electro-magnetically operated switch and a rotary element adapted to present said members to said switch when actuated in response to received signals; a power drive, and means for operatively coupling with said drive the rotary elements of said transmita ting selector and said receiving selector, said means including a diiferential clutch to permit intermittent rotation between said sets of elements and said drive; and means for controlling the simultaneous rotation of said rotary elements of the transmitting selector and the receiving selector in predetermined progression, said means comprising an escapement which escapes the incremental progression of said rotary elements;

and a constant frequency device for timing and positively driving said escapement.

33. In combination in a telegraph receiver; a set of permutation disk members; a corresponding set of reciprocating levers, and transfer elements coupled thereto for positioning said members in different combinations; a corresponding set of selectors and electromagnetic means operative therewith for selectively controlling the setting of said selectors in different combinations in accordance with received signals; a rotary member and controlling means for presenting said selectors successively to said electromagnetic means; and means including a system of cams and a camshaft carrying said cams for presenting said transfer elements to said selectors.

at. In a printing telegraph system, a plurality of transmitting and receiving stations, each station being provided with means for the transmission and reception of electrical impulses; re-

ceiving devices at each station comprising a,

translator assembly including a plurality of segments and a rotary brush assembly, and a continuously rotating type wheel assembly; means comprising a magnet and drive pin operated by said translator to present selected type into printing position; means including rotatable elements for operatively coordinating said assemblies; and means for maintaining step by step unison between said elements, said means comprising an escapement mechanism, and a con stant frequency device which directly and mechanically actuates and controls said mechanism.

35. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of permuted code combinations of electrical signals, including a sclect-or assembly; a type wheel assembly; a translator assembly provided with selecting elements adapted to effect the stoppage of said type wheel assembly at a selected position or to select machine functions; a transfer mechanism operative to receive a permuted setting from the selector and to transfer that setting to the selecting elements of said translators; means for restoring said selecting elements of the translator to normal for releasing said type wheel into rotation,

or clearing said machine function selections in one-half cycle of motion of a unit assembly, said assembly comprising the frame of said transfer mechanism and a disc member of formed periphery; and means for completing the operation of the translator and for releasing the selecting elements to effect the stoppage of said type wheel at a new selection or the selection of a machine function in the subsequent half cycle of motion of the same unit assembly.

36. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signalling conditions, including in combination, a type wheel assembly and driving means therefor, said assembly being differentially coupled to and concentric with said driving means; a transmitting selector comprising a rotary element; a receiving selector comprising a rotary element; a driven connection common to said rotary elements and differentially coupled to said driving means; and means to effect the rotation of the transmitting rotary element and the receiving rotary element simultaneously and independently of the rotation or non-rotation of said type wheel.

37. In a system of the character described, means for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signaling conditions, including in combination, a type wheel assembly and driving means therefor, said assembly being differentially coupled to and concentric with said driving means; a rotary element selectively responsive to transmitting conditions; a rotary element connected to said first-named element and selectively responsive to receiving conditions; means for driving said elements differentially; means for starting and stopping the rotation of said elements simultaneously and as units; and means for subsequently starting and stopping the rotation of said type Wheel.

38. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signaling conditions, including in combination, a type wheel assembly and means comprising a friction clutch drive operative to rotate said wheel from one selected stop position to another selected stop position; a rotary element selectively responsive to received conditions, and a rotary element selectively responsive to transmitting conditions, said elements being operatively coordinated; differentially coupled driving means for said rotary elements; means comprising an escapement mechanism for escapin the rotation of said rotary elements in a plurality of steps from start to stop, the number of steps being equal to the signaling code employed; and means including a constant frequency device for positively driving and controlling said escapement mechanism.

39. In a printing telegraph machine, means for the transmission and reception of code combinations of signaling conditions, including the combination, a stop at print type wheel and means comprising a differential drive for rotating said wheel from selected position to selected position, said type wheel being concentric with said drive; a receivim selector mechanism including selecting members; a rotary element, an electromagnetic switch operative with said element and responsive to received signals; a transmitting selector mechanism having a plurality of conducting segments allotted to the transmission of each impulse, and including a rotary element selective with respect to said elements; a power drive, and means differentially coupled thereto for rotating the rotary elements of said receiving selector and

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