US2239560A - Electron discharge tube and circuits - Google Patents

Electron discharge tube and circuits Download PDF

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Publication number
US2239560A
US2239560A US320592A US32059240A US2239560A US 2239560 A US2239560 A US 2239560A US 320592 A US320592 A US 320592A US 32059240 A US32059240 A US 32059240A US 2239560 A US2239560 A US 2239560A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cathode
anode
circuits
electron discharge
circuit
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Expired - Lifetime
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US320592A
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English (en)
Inventor
Edward W Herold
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RCA Corp
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RCA Corp
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Publication date
Priority to NL62594D priority Critical patent/NL62594C/xx
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US320592A priority patent/US2239560A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03D—DEMODULATION OR TRANSFERENCE OF MODULATION FROM ONE CARRIER TO ANOTHER
    • H03D7/00—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing
    • H03D7/02—Transference of modulation from one carrier to another, e.g. frequency-changing by means of diodes

Definitions

  • My invention relates to electron discharge devices and associated circuits particularly suitable for use in superheterodyne operation at high frequencies.
  • an object of my invention to provide an electron discharge device and a circuit particularly suitable for superheterodyne op eration at high frequencies.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide an electron discharge device for superheterodyne reception in which coupling between oscillator and signal circuits is substantially reduced and lead reactances, interelectrode capacitances and transit time effects are minimized.
  • Figure 1 shows a tube and circuit arrangement to which my invention is directed
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 are top end views of electron discharge devices made according to my invention and used in the circuits shown in Figures 5 and 6, which are schematic diagrams of tubes and circuits made according to my invention.
  • I use a diode connected in a mixing circuit for practicing my invention. Because of the simplicity of construction of the diode and the absence of a plurality of grids intermediate the anode and cathode, which grids are necessary in the conventional types of tubes for mixer operation, I am able to use a tube in which the spacing between the cathode and anode is reduced to a minimum and a. tube in which the leads may be madevery short for reducing lead reactance and which permits the use of lumped circuits which may also be replaced by transmission lines acting as resonators.
  • the conventional mixer tube usually comprises at least a cathode, a signal grid, a screen, an oscillator grid to which the local oscillator voltage is applied and an anode.
  • the signal and oscillator voltages of different fre. quencies act successively on the electron stream between the cathode and anode to produce an in-.
  • FIG. 1 a conventional diode tube and associated circuit to which my invention can be applied.
  • a diode l0 having a cathode II and anode l 2 is connected to a signal input circuit l4, and an oscillator input circuit I3.
  • and condenser 30 serve to automatically bias the anode negatively.
  • the signal circuit I4 is connected to the anode I2 through 30 and 3 I, and the oscillator input circuit I3 is connected to the cathode.
  • circuits I3, I4 and I5 are shown as parallel tuned circuits consisting of inductance and capacitance. It is understood, of course, that sections of transmission line or other types of high frequency circuits are frequently used in such circuits since their behavior is similar to that of the tuned circuits shown.
  • the anode l2 of the diode draws pulses of current whenever its instantaneous voltage is positive with respect to the cathode.
  • the current pulses contain a component whose frequency is the difference between oscillator and signal frequencies. This component builds up an intermediate frequency IF) voltage across the output circuit I5 which may be utilized for further amplification in the usual way.
  • the internal capacitance between the electrodes indicated by the dotted capacity l6 results in a coupling between the oscillator input and signal input circuits of the tube.
  • a high in or out of phase oscillator voltage is built up on the signal input circuit which demodulates the tube in the one case and causes wide variations in performance
  • is a shielding and accelerating electrode 22 consisting preferably of sheet metal electrodes positioned on opposite sides of the cathode and providing oppositely disposed slots through which the electron current passes to the anode. These electrodes are all mounted within an envelope 23.
  • I can, as shown in Figure 4, introduce a second shielding electrode 24 which may be directly connected to the cathode 20.
  • the cathode 2! is connected to the oscillator input circuit l3 and the anode to the signal input circuit 14.
  • the intermediate frequency circuit I5 is connected to the free ends of the oscillator and signal circuits.
  • Figure 6' I show a circuit employing the tube shown in Figure 4.
  • the shielding electrode 24 adjacent the cathode is electrically connected to the cathode while the shielding electrode 22 is again maintained conventional tubes and circuits now employed.
  • An electron discharge, device including a cathode and. an anode, and a shielding electrode comprising a pair of oppositely disposed shielding elements surrounding said cathode and between said .cathode and anode, saidshielding elements providing betweenthem oppositely disposed apertures through which electrons may flow from the cathode ,to the anode, an input circuit connected to said cathode for applying a voltage of one frequency to said cathode and a second input circuit connected to said anode for applying a voltage of a different frequency to said anode, and means for maintaining said shielding electrode at a positive potential with respect to the cathode and the anode, and an output circuit connected between the two input circuits.
  • An electron discharge device including a cathode and an anode, and a shielding electrode comprising a pair of oppositely disposed shielding elements surrounding said cathode and between said cathode and anode, said shielding elements providing between them oppositely disposed apertures through which electrons may flow from the cathode to the anode, an input circuit connected to said cathode for applying a voltage of one frequency to said cathode and a second input circuit connected to said anode for applying a voltage of a different frequency to saidanode, and means for maintaining said shielding electrode at a positive potential with respect to the cathode and the anode, and an output circuit connected between the two input circuits, and a shielding electrode positioned between said first' shielding electrode and the cathode and maintained at not greater than cathode potential.
  • An electron discharge device including a cathode and an anode, and a shielding electrode comprising a pair of oppositely disposed sheet -metal elements surrounding said cathode and between said cathode and said anode, said sheet metal elements providing between them oppositely disposed apertures through which electrons may'fiow from the cathode to the anode,
  • an input circuit connectedto said cathode for applying a voltage of one frequency to said cathode and asecond input .circuit connected to said anode'for' applying a voltage of a different frequency to said anode, and means for maintaining said shielding electrodes at a positive potential with respect to the cathode and the anode, and an output circuit connected between the twoinput circuits, and. a shielding electrode positioned between said first shielding electrode and the cathode, and an electrical connection between said last shielding electrode and said cathode.
  • An electron discharge device including a cathode and an anode, and a shielding and accelerating electrode between said cathode and anode and comprising oppositely disposed sheet metal elements positioned on opposite sides of the cathode, said sheet metal elements providing between them oppositely disposed apertures through which the electrons pass from the oathode to. the anode, an input circuit having one sideconnectedto the.
  • cathode for applying a local oscillator voltage to said cathode
  • second input circuit having one side'connected tovthe anode for applying a signal voltage to said anode, and an intermediate frequency circuit connected to .the sides of said input circuits opposite those connected to the cathode and the anode, and a voltage source connected to said shielding and accelerating electrode for biasing the same to a positive potential with EDWARD W. HEROLD.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)
US320592A 1940-02-24 1940-02-24 Electron discharge tube and circuits Expired - Lifetime US2239560A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL62594D NL62594C (enrdf_load_html_response) 1940-02-24
US320592A US2239560A (en) 1940-02-24 1940-02-24 Electron discharge tube and circuits

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US320592A US2239560A (en) 1940-02-24 1940-02-24 Electron discharge tube and circuits

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2457137A (en) * 1942-05-22 1948-12-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultra high frequency system
US2545232A (en) * 1945-07-20 1951-03-13 Cornell Dubilier Electric Wave inverter
US2571041A (en) * 1946-06-28 1951-10-09 Rca Corp Heterodyne detector circuit
US2653228A (en) * 1951-08-16 1953-09-22 Rca Corp Ultrahigh-frequency converter
US2719223A (en) * 1946-05-28 1955-09-27 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Circuit for mixing a carrier wave with an auxiliary wave

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2457137A (en) * 1942-05-22 1948-12-28 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultra high frequency system
US2545232A (en) * 1945-07-20 1951-03-13 Cornell Dubilier Electric Wave inverter
US2719223A (en) * 1946-05-28 1955-09-27 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Circuit for mixing a carrier wave with an auxiliary wave
US2571041A (en) * 1946-06-28 1951-10-09 Rca Corp Heterodyne detector circuit
US2653228A (en) * 1951-08-16 1953-09-22 Rca Corp Ultrahigh-frequency converter

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Publication number Publication date
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