US2236232A - Exhausting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

March 25, 1941.

I R. s. BRESCKA EIAL EXHAUSTING APPARATUS 2 Sheet s-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 3, 1938 a 5. BRESCKA E. c. scar ATTORNEY March 25, 1941.

Filed Sept. 3, 1938 R S. BRESCKA El AL EXHAUSTING APPARATUS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 3

M/VEN was R. s. BRESCKA Patented Mar. 25, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EXHAUSTING APPARATUS tion of New York Application September s, 1938, Serial No. 228,347 5 Claims. (01. 18337) This invention relates to an exhausting apparatus and more particularly to an exhausting means for material working apparatus.

Material working apparatus, such as grinders,

' 5 saws, buffers and the'like, are frequently provided with exhausting means to remove the particles resulting from the material working operations but such exhausting means usually require separate power means for the actuation 10 thereof and/or separate housing means therefor. An object of this invention is to provide a simple, efficient and practical exhausting apparatus associated directly with the material workin means.

15 With this and other objects in view, the invention comprises a material working element disposed upon a rotary shaft with members to secure the element to the shaft having impeller blades so positioned as to provide a rotary im- 2 peller upon either or both sides of the element to create a flow of air through a pocket and channels in-a hood partially enclosing the element to cause movement of the particles resulting from material working operations to a filter where the 25 particles are removed from the air.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein 3 Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the apparatus, a cover section of the housing being shown in open position;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged side elevational view of the apparatus, a portion thereof being broken 35 away;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a side elevational' view of the appara-' tus mounted upon a hollow stand, and 4" Fig. '5 is a fragmentary elevational view of another embodiment of the invention.

Referring now to the drawings, particularly Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, numeral 10 designates a suitable support for the apparatus. In this em- 45 bodiment of the apparatus the power means for driving .the material working element and the impellers associated therewith consist of an electric motor H of any suitable type, but it should be understood that any other suitable power 50 means may be employed. The motor II is mounted upon the support Ill through the aid of the base 12 and has a stationary bearing portion l3 secured in a suitable manner to the housingof the motor and through which the motor shaft 55 It extends. In this embodiment of the inven- -the motor shaft.

tion an abrading wheel I! of any usual type is disposed upon the shaft and is secured n place by members l8, commonly called washers, and a nut lsthreadedly engaging the outer end of The outer portion 28 of the 5 nut is streamlined, extending in rounded surfaces from the hexagonal tool engaging portion to a point lying in the axis of the motor shaft, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The members I8 have impeller blades 23 10 mounted thereupon in any suitable manner, such as by welding,'or formed integral therewith such as by casting, these blades having their outer portions curved in the direction of rotation to create maximum pressure and velocity. I

As a means of safety it is customary to provide guards for abrading wheels of this type. A housing serves as a. guard for the grinding wheel, provides a pocket for the reception of particles resulting from grinding operations, and provides 2 air channels or ducts for controlling the flow of air created by theimpellers. The housing has a stationary member 26 mounted upon the bearing member l3 (Fig. 3) and may be supported in any other suitable manner (not shown). A 5 hinged member 21 of the housing is connected as at 28 (Figs. 1 and 2) to the stationary portion of the housing so that it may be swung from the closed position shown in Figs. 2 and 3 to the open position shown in Fig. 1 to allow removal 30 of a worn grinding wheel and the disposing of a new grinding wheel in place. Suitable means, such as screws 38, extending through apertured lugs 3| of the housing member 21 and threadedly receivable in lugs 32 of the stationary member 35 28 of the housing, is provided to secure the portions of the housing together.

When the portions of the housing are secured together a pocket 35 in front of and beneath the grinding wheel 11 is in a position to receive the particles resulting from grinding operations.

' The lower wall of the pocket 35 in the stationary member 26 has a portion 31 which extends upwardly in a substantially inverted V-shaped cross sectional formation, as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, to separate the partices into two groups and direct them in their downward fall in opposite directions toward openings 38 and 39 of the housing members 26 and 21, respectively. The openings form communication between the pocket 35 and air ducts 40 and M, respectively, as illustrated in Fig. 3. The air duct 48 extends upwardly from the passageway 38 to a position where it is arcuately curved into an aperture 43, which communicates with an impeller chamber 44 in axial alignment with the motor shaft. In a like manner the air duct 4| extends upwardly from the passageway 39 to a position where it is arcuately curved into an aperture 46 which is in axial alignment with the motor shaft l4, and affords communication between the air duct 4| and the impeller chamber 44. The impeller chamber is of the general contour illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, divided into two parts by the grinding wheel I! and having side walls which are positioned suitably close to the impeller blades 23 and inner peripheral walls, the latter extending involutely from points indicated generally at 50, near the path of travel of the outer edges of the impeller blades, and extending near this path for some distance and gradually moving away therefrom to merge into an outlet passageway 5| extending into a filter housing 52. The filter housing may be of any desired construction to hold suitable material capable of allowing the passage of air therethrough and the removal of particles from the air.

To provide a guard for the upper and rearward portions of the abrading wheel the members 28 and 21 of the housing extend outwardly to form a chamber 53. This chamber is scaled as nearly as possible by causing close engagement of the abutting surfaces of the members 25 and 21 and by positioning the involute walls of the impeller chamber as closely as possible to the grinding wheel. In Fig. 3 these walls are shown spaced from the grinding wheel for the purpose'of clearness, but in the actual construction of the apparatus these walls are disposed closely adjacent the grinding wheel, leaving only suflicient space for the free rotation of the latter. Fig. 1 illustrates an extension 56 of the involute impeller chamber wall forming a part of the passageway 5| and cooperating in sealing the chamber 53 from the impeller chamber 44. A similar extension to that shown at 56 is provided for the housing member 26 for the same purpose.

The forward portion of the chamber 53 is closed by a resilient member 58 adjustably secured to the housing member 26 and slotted as shown to provide integral legs positioned to straddle the grinding wheel. In providing this member with adjustable securing means it may be moved inwardly toward the axis of the motor shaft as the grinding wheel wears away. Although the chamber 53 is substantially sealed from the impeller chamber 44 and the passageway 5|, it should be understood that through the pecessary clearance between the rotary grinding wheel I! and the adjacent portions of the housing air under pressure may pass to increase the pressure of the air in the chamber 53 above atmospheric pressure. This is more evident when it is realized that the grinding wheel gradually decreases in diameter during use thereof, increasing the clearance between the chamber 53 and the passageway 5|. Therefore, the function of the resilient member 58 is, through its adjustable features, to maintain the adjacent end of the chamber 53 substantially sealed against escapement of air and particularly against escapement of particles which have continued into the chamber with the grinding wheel.

During grinding operations the grinding wheel I1 together with the impeller blades are rotated in the direction of the arrow (Fig. 1) and the particles resulting from such operations are thrown into the pocket where they will be directed by the portion 31 or picked up directly by the air currents. The air currents created by the impeller blades are drawn into the pocket 35, where they are divided, one current being directed through the passageway 38 and upwardly through the duct 40 where it passes through the opening 43 into the chamber 44 upon one side of the grinding wheel. The other air current is drawn through the passageway 39 upwardly through the duct 4| through the aperture 45 and into the impeller chamber 44 upon the other side of the grinding wheel. The impeller blades upon each side of the grinding wheel force their separate currents in the direction of rotation to the passageway 5|, where they merge into a common current and are directed through the container 52 and the filter material therein. The particles resulting from the grinding operations are, therefore, drawn from the pocket 35 through the ducts 40 and 4| into the chamber 44, where they are forced by the air current created by the impeller blades through the chamber, passageway 5|, and into the container 52 where the filter material will obstruct their further passage, thus freeing the air of the various dust particles.

The apparatus when mounted upon a hollow stand as illustrated in Fig. 4 performs the same operation to remove the particles from the pocket 35 and eventually direct them through the passageway 5| and suitable means such as a flexible tube 80 connect the passageway 5| to the interior of the stand, indicated at 5|. A filter 52 composed of suitable material housed adjacent an outlet passageway in the lower portion of one or more walls of the stand is provided to allow the air current to pass therethrough. The filter 62 may be positioned out of direct alignment with the incoming air so that the heavier particles will drop by gravity to the bottom of the stand and only the lighter particles become embedded in the filter, thus lengthening the useful life of the filter. A door 53 is provided at the lower portion of one of the walls of the stand to permit removal of the dust particles therefrom.

It should :be understood that two or more grinding wheels and exhaust units may be provided for each motor, one upon each side thereof or in any suitable arrangement, and the passageways 5| may be connected if so desired to a common filter, and in a similar manner the same arrangement may be mounted upon the stand 6|.

It will be noted that the paths for the air current are substantially streamlined, they being formed with round or arcuate surfaces such as those shown in ducts 40 and 4| and the rounded portion 28 of the nut l9 so that there will be a minimum of turbulency present. Furthermore, theimpeller blades are so formed and positioned as to obtain maximum pressure and velocity.

The grinding wheel may be readily removed by removing the wing nuts 30, swinging the movable member 21 of the housing to the position shown in Fig. 1, removing the nut l3 and the washer l8 adjacent thereto, and by loosening the nut holding the member 58 the latter may be raised a sufficient distance to free the grinding wheel and allow the removal thereof. In a similar but reverse order a new grinding wheel, may :be installed.

Another embodiment is shown in Fig. 5 wherein the invention is illustrated in association with a rotary saw 10. All the features set forth in the foregoing description and illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive of the drawings may be employed in connection with the rotary saw. The same is true of other material working elements such as buifers, routers and the like. In each instance one or both impeller units may be employed and. the housing therefor may be provided with a pocket and air ducts similar in arrangement to those shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3.

Impeller units H similar to those shown at 18-23 in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 are mounted in the same manner upon a rotary shaft with the saw 10. A housing 12 for the rotary saw is identical to the housing 25 with the exception that the portion set back to expose a portion of the saw is shown at the top thereof.

The embodiments of the invention herein disclosed are illustrative only and may be widely modified and departed from in many ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as pointed out in and limited only by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In an exhausting apparatus, a material working element, means to create currents of air, a pocket to receive particles resulting from the element on work, means in the pocket to divide the particles into a plurality of groups and direct the groups in separate paths, and means associated with the pocket to cause the air currents to flow in the said separate paths to remove the particles from the pocket.

2. In an exhausting apparatus, a rotary material working element, impellers disposed upon each side of the element and rotatable therewith, a pocket to receive particles resulting from the element on work, air ducts communicating with spaced portions of the pocket to control air currents created by the impellers, and means disposed in the pocket to direct the particles in separate directions toward the air ducts.

3. In an exhausting apparatus, a rotary material working element, a guard therefor, a pocket to receive particles and an air passageway leading from the pocket past the aXis of the element to direct the particles in an air current from the pocket, and a rotary impeller disposed at the side of the element adjacent the axis thereof to create the air current.

4. In an exhausting apparatus, a material working element, an impeller disposed adjacent thereto, a rotary shaft for the element and impeller, a housing forming an impeller chamber and a hood extending over the chamber and the element, forming a compartment to house the greater portion of the element, and a forked member adjustably positioned to straddle the element to partially close the compartment adjacent the unhoused portion of the element.

5. In an exhausting apparatus, a rotary material working element, an impeller disposed axially thereof and adjacent thereto, a housing forming an impeller chamber, a pocket to receive particles from the material working ele ment, and a passageway from said pocket leading to the impeller chamber to direct the particles with an air current created by the impeller.

RUDOLPH S. BRESCKA. EDWARD C. SCOTT.

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