US2234825A - Method and contrivance for leveling the coal charge of coke ovens - Google Patents

Description

Mamh ML 1941.. KQPPERS 22345325 METHOD AND CONTRIVANCE FOR LEVELING THE COAL CHARGE OF COKE OVENS Filed Jan. 3, 1939 2 Sheets-Shet* 1 A. KOPPERS Mamh WL mmw E FOR LEVELING THE COAL CHARGE OF COKE OVENS METHOD AND CONTRIVANC Filed Jan. 3, 1939 2 Sheets-Shaet 2 Patentecl Mar. 11, 1941 PATENT OFFICE METHOD AND CONTRIVANCE FOR LEVELING THE C`OAL CHARGE OF COKE OVENS August Koppers, Bochum, Germany, assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Koppers Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application January 3,

1939, Serial No. %9,092

In Germany January 3, 1938 i 7 Claims.

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for leveling the coal charged through the oven roof into the oven chambers of coke ovens for the production of gas and coke.

The leveling of the coal in coking-ovens, particularly in horizontal chamber ovens into which the coal to be coked is charged through charging openings arranged in the oven roof, was done heretofore usually by means of a leveling beam which is introduced into the oven chamber directly below the oven roof through a suitable opening in the oven door. This leveling beam is attached to the pushing machine.

I have developed a new method for leveling the coal charge in the coke ovens by which the use of the heavy levelng beam and the disadvantages connected therewith are omtted. I have found that a uniform leveling of the coal charge of coke ovens may be obtained by blowing vaporous or gaseous medium under pressure, for instance steam, into the parts of the charge near the charging openings, by means of suitable nozzles introduced through said charging openings from above down to the level which corresponds to the place of the chamber where the gas collecting space has to be formed by leveling the coal charge.

The present invention is preferably carried out in such a 'way that before the charging of the 30 coal into the oven chambers, the pipe lines supplying the gaseous or vaporous pressure medium are introduced through the charging openings of the oven chambers at a suitable level correspond-` ing to the desired height of leveling. The lower ends of these pipe lines are preferably in form similar to a T-piece with nozzle-like openings and preferably are inserted into the oven chamber in such a way that the axis of the nozzles lies parallel to the chamber axis. The pressure medium blcwn through these pipe lines into the upper part of the oven chamber forces the coal, accumulated in the charging openings, to both sides whereby the coal still contained in the charging openings falls downwards and fills up the cavities formed between the adjacent charging openings.

The method according to the invention as well as the apparatus necessary for carrying out the method have the special advantage of being considerably simplified Compared with the prior usuai method of leveling by means of a leveling beam. Not only the leveling beam itself but also the levelng opening in the oven door, provided for the introduction of the beam into the oven cham ber, are rendered unnecessary. The drving device for the leveling beam usually connected with the pushing machine is omitted, and the whole pushing machine may be of a considerably easier design.

The pipe line which serves to blow the pressure medium into the upper part of the oven chamber may be connected according to the present invention with the charging lorry travelling over the oven roof.

According to my invention, I provide the charging lorry with hoppers, the outlets of which are of a larger free cross-section than the charging openings provided therefor in the oven roof, and arrange a unnel-like member around each outlet of the coal hoppers, the-cross section of the lower opening of saidfunnel like member correspond'ng essentially to the cross section of the charging opening provided therefor in the chamber roof. Through the free space provided between the hopper and the funnel like member are introduced the pipes for supplying the pressure medium, and in this way the pressure medium supply may easily be performed and regulated by the operator supervising the charging lorry.

With the above and other objects and features of my present invention in view I.will now describe a preferred embodiment of my invention on the lines of the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section through a charging lorry showing the pressure medium sup ply pipe introduced into the oven chamber, and

Fig. 2 is a front View of the charging lorry according to Fig 1 as well as a longitudinal section through the top of an oven chamber.

The top of the chamber, of a coke oven battery with horizontal coking chamber ovens, is marked I. The oven chamber l is formed usually by the heating walls 2. In the oven roof 3 of the oven chamber I is arranged a multitude of charging holes 4. The distillation gas evolved during the coking process is discharged through the opening 5 arranged in the oven roof at one end of the oven chamber and then through the ascensior pipe 6, as well as through the collect- 4 ing main 1. On theoven roof 3 the charging lorry '9 travels over the rails 8. The charging lorry 9 has `a number of charging hoppers ID corresponding to the number of charging holes to be .attended to simultaneously. The charging hoppers !ll filled with coal are fitted below with an outlet the cross section of which is larger than' that of the charging holes 4 in the oven roof and are closed by a segmental valve l I which is op erated from the service platform by means of levers and rods !2. Round the lower part of the charging hoppers l are funnel-like members or funnels |4 with open bottoms. said charging funnels are enlarged within the range of the charging hoppers n in such a way that when the segmental valves Il are opened, they may place themselves into the free space formed between the charging funnel wall 4 and the charging hopper wall ID so that upon discharge of the coal, the latter may pass out quickly and without any trouble through the outlet of the charging funnel |4. On one side of this free space !5 thus formed, a pipe !6 is laid between the hopper walls. The pipe may be lifted or lowered from the service platform l3 either by hand or by means of a special lifting device. To the pipe !6 at the top is connected a flexible pipe ll (metal hose or the like) which connects the pipe !6 with the pipe IB, which is commonly arranged for communication with pipes !6, I l, for all charging hoppers Io and which is firmly connected to the charging hoppers.

Along the oven battery on brackets 30, which latter are fixed to the ascension pipes 6, there is arranged a main delivery pipe 26 provided with branch pipe lines 25 arranged always approximately in the center plane of each oven chamber. The branch pipes 25 are equipped with valves 24 which may be operated from the service platform |3 of the charging lorry 9.' The pressure medium supply pipes |6 are formed at their lower end similar to a T-piece and are brought into the oven chamber in such a way that the axis of the T-piece commonly runs with the axis of the oven chamber.

The pressure medium supply pipe I B passes through the cap !9, connecting both the funnel !4 and the changing hopper m, through an elongated hole 20. The drawings show the pressure medium supply pipes in Operating condition inserted into the oven chamber. The lowerrnost height to which the pipe I& reaches in chamber l is limited by a preferably adjustable annular disc ZI fitted to the pipe IS.

The leveling procedure of the coal charge by means of the apparatus according to the present invention is carried out as follows:

After the charging lorry 9 is driven over the open cha-rging holes 4 of the oven to be ?filled with coal, first of all the individual pressure medium supply pipes s are lowered separately or by means of a common Operating device through the charging openings 4 into the upper part of the oven chamber I at the necessary height, common for all the pressure medium supply pipes. The telescopic pipe 23 of the outlet of the funnel-like member !4 is then lowered by means of the hand lever 22 onto the oven roof Whereupon the segmental valve I is opened so that the coal may enter the chamber. If the funnels are empty immediately after charging, in which case the charging openings 4 of the oven roof are still filled with coal as may be seen from Fig. 2, the valve 24 of the pipe 25 leading from the main pipe 26 is opened. The gaseous or vaporous pressure medium, for instance the steam present at each coking plant, fiows through the T-piece lying approximately in the middle of the charging cone if seen in horizontal direction, and throws the coal to both sides. In

this way the free spaces 29 formed between the charging cones are filled and the charging openings are emptied so that a continuous free gas collecting space is formed.

As shown in F'g. 1 the coal charge of the oven chamber I, if only one T-piece like outlet for the pipe |6 is arranged within the range of the charging cone 28, forms a trough-like surface. When two or several lower T-piece like outlet branches are arranged at the lower end of the pressure medium supply pipe !3, the surface of the charge can also be leveled horizontally, as seen in a vertical cross section of the oven chamber (Fig. 1).

I have now above described my present invention on the lines of a prefe'red embodiment thereof but my invention is not limited in all its aspects to the mode of carrying it out as described and shown, the invention may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a method of charging a narrow coke oven chamber which involves filling coal into the chamber through a charging hole in the oven roof until the coal accumulates in the form of a cone in the charging hole thus obstructing free passage of gas from one side to the other of the charging hole over the top of the chamber charge to an oiftake for gas in the oven roof, and leveling the coal in the top of the charge to remove the cone of coal and thus form a continuous free gas collecting space, the improvement comprising: eecting the leveling by blowing aeriform medium into the parts of the coal charge in the region of the cone of coal and thus force the coal in the region of the charging hole along the top of the chamber beyond the charging hole so that coal still contained in the charging hole falls downwards leaving a continuous free gas space under the charging hole and filling cavities in the top of the coal charge 'beyond the charging hole.

2. In a method of charging a narow coke oven chamber which involves filling coal into the chamber through a charging hole in the oven roof until the coal accumulates in the form of a cone in the charging hole thus obstructing free passage of gas from one side to the other of the charging hole over the top of the chamber 3* charge to an ofitake for gas in the oven roof, and leveling the coal in the top of the charge to remove the cone of coal and thus form a continuous free gas collecting space, the improvement comprising: efiecting the leveling by blowing steam into the parts of the coal charge in the region of the cone of coal and thus force the coal in the region of the charging hole along the top of the chamber beyond the charging hole so that coal still contained in the charging hole falls downwards leaving a continuous free gas space under the charging hole and filling cavities in the top of the coal charge beyond the charging hole.

3. Apparatus for charging a narrow coke oven chamber comprising means for filling coal into the chamber through a charging hole in the oven roef until the coal accumulates in the form of a cone in the chargng hole thus obstructing free passage of gas from one side to the other of the charging hole over the top of the chamber charge to an ofitake for gas in the oven roof, and means for leveling the coal in the top of the charge to remove the cone of coal and thus form a continuous free gas collecting space; and in which the means for leveling comprises means for blowing aeriform fluid medium into the parts of the coal charge in the region of the cone of coal and thus force the coal in the region of the charging hole along the top of the chamber beyond the charging hole so that the coal still contained in the charging hoie may fall downwards leaving a continuous free gas space under the charging hole and filling cavities in the top of the coal charge beyond the charging hole.

4. Apparatus for top charging coal into coke oven ohamber having a coal filling opening and a gas offtake in the top of the oven chanber, said apparatus comprising, a charging lorry mounted to travel over the oven top to position its charging hopper into and out of register withthe coal filling opening in the chamber top, a pipe adapted to supply gaseous pressure medium to coal fed through the coal filling opening, said supply pipe being mounted on the lorry for travel therewith and attached thereto so that after the hopper of the lorry is directly over the filling opening the supp ly pipe then may be lowered from the lorry into and through the coal filling opening into the chamber in position to blow coal aside from immediately beneath the coal filling opening while the charging hopper of the lorry is in register with the opening during charging, and thus level the coal charge in the chamber, and then withdrawn after the charging operation.

5. The combination with a coke oven battery of narrow coking chambers arranged in a row and having coal charging holes in the roof of each chamber and a gas otake at an end thereof, and a coal charging lorry mounted for travel over the oven roof from chamber to chamber, of hoppers on the lorry corresponding to each of the charging holes in the oven chambers with valved outlets larger than the charging holes, funnels for the outlets surrounding the same with a clea'ance, a gaseous pressure medium supply pipe extending through each funnel and mounted to be raised and lowered through the same into and out of the' oven chambers through the charging holes in the oven root to level the coal by blowing it away from beneath the charging holes, a header on thelorry for feeding fluid pressure medium to the supply pipes, and a main delivery pipe along battery oven roof having branches at each.

oven for connection with the header on the lorry.

6. The combination with a coke oven battery of narrow coking chambers arranged in a row and having coal charging holes in the roof of each chamber and a gas offtale at an end thereof, and a coal charging lorry mounted for travel over the oven roof from chamber to chamber, of hoppers on the lorry corresponding to the charging holes in the respective oven chambers, pipes adapted to supply gaseous pressure medium to coal immediately below the charging holes in the chambers to level the coal by blowing it away from beneath the charging holes, said supply pipes being attached to the lorry, one for each hopper, so as to be lowerable from the lorry into and through the charging holes into the oven chambers after the hoppers are in position over the charging holes, a header on the lorry for the supply pipes, and a statonary main delivery pipe along the oven roof of the battery having means for connection with the header on the lorry at various places along the hattery to supply the gaseous pressure medium to the supply pipes for delivery to the different chambers of the aforesaid row thereof.

'7. The combination with a coke oven battery of narrow coking chambers arranged in a row and having coal charging holes in the roof of each chamber and a gas ofitake at an end thereof, and a coal charging lorry mounted for travel over the oven roof from chamber to chamber, of hoppers on the lorry corresponding to the charging holes in the respective oven chambers, pipes adapted to supply gaseous pressure medium to coal immediately below the charging holes in the chambers to level the coal by blowing it away from beneath the charging holes, said supply pipes being attached to the lorry, one for each hopper, so as to be lowerable from the lorry into and through the charging holes into the oven chambers after the hoppers are in position over the charging holes, and means for supplying the gaseous pressure medium to the supply pipes,

AUGUST KOPPERS.

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